iosr-JDMS   Volume-23 ~ Issue-8 ~ August 2024

Abstract: Background: Glaucoma is a disease of the optic nerve that usually leads to irreversible blindness if untreated or poorly managed; as such it is important for affected patients to be aware of this fact so as to take responsibility in ensuring that they don't go blind from it and also ensure that they encourage their relations to get screened for it since it has a hereditary nature. Most previous studies on awareness about glaucoma focused on the disease itself and not the untoward effect of irreversible blindness nor the relevance, this study aims to determine the level of awareness about......

Key Word: Glaucoma, Blindness, Awareness

....

Abstract: Introduction: Keloid is a benign fibroproliferative disorder caused by various factors, including the elongated inflammatory phase. High mechanical tension due to repeated stretching in certain body sites such as the anterior chest, shoulders, scapula, and suprapubic causes an increase in the inflammatory process. Interleukin (IL)-17 is an inflammatory cytokine found to be increased in keloids. This study aims to compare the expression of IL-17 at the high-tension site of keloid versus another site.....

Keywords: Interleukin-17, keloid, skin tension

[1] Shaheen A. Comprehensive Review Of Keloid Formation. J Clin Res Dermatology. 2017; 4(5): 1–18.
[2] Limandjaja GC, Niessen FB, Scheper RJ, Gibbs S. The Keloid Disorder: Heterogeneity, Histopathology, Mechanisms And Models. Front Cell Dev Biol. 2020; 8(5).
[3] Huang C, Wu Z, Du Y, Ogawa R. Textbook On Scar Management. Textb Scar Manag. 2020; 29–35.
[4] Ogawa R. Keloid And Hypertrophic Scars Are The Result Of Chronic Inflammation In The Reticular Dermis. Int J Mol Sci. 2017; 18(3).
[5] Harn HIC, Ogawa R, Hsu CK, Hughes MW, Tang MJ, Chuong CM. The Tension Biology Of Wound Healing. Exp Dermatol.

Abstract: Rehabilitating a patient with facial defects presents significant challenges. A viable alternative to surgical reconstruction is the creation of a silicone auricular prosthesis. The replacement of anatomical parts involves both art and science. These prostheses offer a cost-effective and acceptable solution for patients who prefer to avoid surgical procedures. This article discusses the process of fabrication of an adhesive retained silicone auricular prosthesis.

Keywords- silicone prosthesis, adhesive, auricular defect

[1] Mohamed K, Vaidyanathan A, Mani U, Bhatia Y, Veeravalli Pt. Rehabilitation Of An Auricular Defect Using Spectacle Retained Silicone Ear Prosthesis And Ear Stent. Int J Prosthodont Restor Dent 2012;2(1):29-33.
[2] Butler Df, Gion Gg, Rapini Rp. Silicone Auricular Prosthesis. J Am Acad Dermatol 2000; 43:687-90.
[3] Gumieiro Eh, Dib Ll, Jahn Rs, Dos Santos Jf Jr, Nannmark U, Granström G, Et Al. Bone-Anchored Titanium Implants For Auricular Rehabilitation: Case Report And Review Of Literature. Sao Paulo Med J 2009; 127:160-65.
[4] Kanathila, Hema, Et Al. "Adhesive Retained Silicone Auricular Prosthesis In Rehabilitation Of Missing Ear." Journal Of Evolution Of Medical And Dental Sciences. 2020;9(47):3578.
[5] Naveen Bh, Kashinath Kr, Shankargouda Sb, Halappa M.A Blue Tooth – Auricular Prosthesis: A Case Report.J Clin Of Diagn Res.2014; 8(8): Zd36-Zd38.

Abstract: Esthetic restoration of the smile: directly veneering a discolored anterior tooth• Case report: Although direct composite veneering discolored anterior teeth is quite widespread, proper reproduction of their natural appearance requires much from the professional.The restoration and re-establishment of a patient's dental aesthetics is among the important requirements of dentistry today Restorative dental practice has been expanded and revolutionized by recent developments in the field of adhesive dentistry . Porcelain veneering is considered the.....

Keywords: Veneers; composite resin; direct composite veneering ; aesthetics

[1] Goldstein, R.E. Esthetics In Dentistry (2 Vols). Pmph-Usa: 2014.
[2] Jordan Re. Mosby-Year Book, Inc:Esthetic Composite Bonding Techniques And Materials, 2nd Ed. St. Louis: 1993;84-6,132-4,140,150.
[3] Ferracane Jl. Materials In Dentistry: Principles And Applications. Philadelphia: Lippincott, 1995:88–102.
[4] Busato Als, Hernandez Pag, Macedo Rp. Dentística: Restaurações Estéticas. 1st Ed. Artes Médicas: São Paulo; 2002
[5] Andre V. Ritter, Lee W. Boushell And Ricardo Walter ( 2018 ) Sturdevant's Art And Science Of Operative Dentistry. Second South Asia Edition

Abstract: Background: Orthodontic mini-implants are one of the greatest discoveries in the field of orthodontists. They have broadened the scope of orthodontic treatment in leaps and bounds. These mini-implants are affordable and easy to use with a remarkably high success rate of 87.7%. Primary stability which is the mechanical retention of the mini-implant in the bone is the most important factor that determines the success of the mini-implant. It is influenced by multiple factors such as cortical bone thickness, soft tissue mobility, mini-implant design, diameter, length, insertion.....

Key Word: Orthodontics; Mini-implant; primary stability; maximum insertion torque; assessment

[1]. Daskalogiannakis J: Glossary Of Orthodontic Terms. Leipzig, Quintessence Publishing Co, 2000
[2]. Paik Ch. Orthodontic Miniscrew Implants: Clinical Applications. Elsevier Health Sciences; 2009.
[3]. Papadopoulos Ma, Papageorgiou Sn, Zogakis Ip. Clinical Effectiveness Of Orthodontic Miniscrew Implants: A Meta-Analysis. J Dent Res. 2011 Aug;90(8):969–76.
[4]. Alharbi F, Almuzian M, Bearn D. Miniscrews Failure Rate In Orthodontics: Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis. Eur J Orthod. 2018 Sep 28;40(5):519–30.
[5]. Jing Z, Wu Y, Jiang W, Zhao L, Jing D, Zhang N, Cao X, Xu Z, Zhao Z. Factors Affecting The Clinical Success Rate Of Miniscrew Implants For Orthodontic Treatment. International Journal Of Oral & Maxillofacial Implants. 2016 Jul 1;31(4)..

Abstract: Background: HER2-positive breast cancer is an aggressive subtype characterized by the overexpression of the HER2 receptor, associated with poor prognosis. Trastuzumab, a targeted therapy, has significantly improved outcomes for these patients. This study aims to evaluate the clinical characteristics, treatment responses, and hematological changes in HER2-positive breast cancer patients undergoing adjuvant trastuzumab therapy. Methods: This retrospective......

Key Word: HER2-Positive Breast Cancer, Trastuzumab, Hematological Parameters, Hormone Therapy, Treatment Outcomes

....

Abstract: 23-year-old female patient presented with bilateral watery nasal discharge and left nasal obstruction for the the past 3 years. She had persistent episodes or sneezing and recurrent upper respiratory tract infections. Her CT showed Minimal bilateral maxillary and ethmoid sinusitis with DNS to left with spur [Fig I]. Preoperatively started on injection ceftriaxone after patch test and lignocaine sensitivity was also assessed, she underwent septoplasty on 26/4/24.Intraoperatively 7ml of 2% lignocaine with adrenaline (1:100000) was used to infiltrate the septum. The floor of nose was infiltrated via inferior portion of columella above the lips, immediately patient developed on table tachycardia, with heartrate reaching 130-140 bpm. Procedure was completed successfully, and bilateral nasal packs.....

[1] Craig T, Aygören-Pürsün E, Bork K, Bowen T, Boysen H, Farkas H, Et Al. Wao Guideline For The Management Of Hereditary Angioedema. World Allergy Organ J.2012; 5:182–99.
[2] Kaplan Ap. Clinical Practice. Chronic Urticaria And Angioedema. N Engl J Med.2002; 346:175–9.
[3] Mahendran K, Padmini G, Murugesan R, Srikumar A. Acute Allergic Angioedema Of Upper Lip. J Conserv Dent .2016; 19(3):285-288. Doi:10.4103/0972-0707.181949.
[4] Temiño Vm, Peebles Rs. Jr The Spectrum And Treatment Of Angioedema. Am J Med.2008; 121:282–6
[5] Wilkerson G, Alex M, James S. Angioedema In The Emergency Department: An Evidence-Based Review. J Emerg Med Pract.2012; 11:1–29..

Abstract: Orthodontics has changed dramatically due to the application of artificial intelligence (AI), which has revolutionized patient care, diagnosis, and treatment planning. This review examines the development of AI in orthodontics, highlighting its significant influence on a range of clinical areas. While machine learning was first based on symbolic AI, more recent developments have placed an emphasis on flexibility and adaptation, particularly in the field of orthodontics. Deep learning and AI algorithms have greatly improved patient outcomes, treatment......

Key Word: Artificial intelligence, Cephalometric tracing, Facial proportions, Machine learning, Orthodontic diagnosis and treatment.

[1] Ahmed N, Chethana, Younus A A, Aymen U, Rahul Na. Artificial Intelligence In Orthodontics: A Way Towards Modernization. Ip Indian J Orthod Dentofacial Res 2023;9(1):3-7.
[2] Kunz F, Stellzig-Eisenhauer A, Boldt J. Applications Of Artificial Intelligence In Orthodontics—An Overview And Perspective Based On The Current State Of The Art. Applied Sciences. 2023; 13(6):3850.
[3] Sharma Ms, Jadhav V, Bhuskute Kp, Reche A. Artificial Intelligence: An Innovative Approach In Orthodontics: A Narrative Review. J Clin Of Diagn Res. 2023; 17(12):Ze07-Ze11.
[4] Albalawi F, Alamoud Ka. Trends And Application Of Artificial Intelligence Technology In Orthodontic Diagnosis And Treatment Planning- A Review. Applied Sciences. 2022; 12(22):11864.
[5] Płotka S, Włodarczyk T, Szczerba R, Rokita P, Bartkowska P, Komisarek O, Matthews-Brzozowski A, Trzci'nski T. Convolutional Neural Networks In Orthodontics: A Review. Arxiv. 2021;Abs/2104.08886.

Abstract: Objectives: This study analyzed the incidence of surgical site infections in general surgeries.
Method: The present study was conducted at General Surgery Department Gcs hospital, Ahmedabad. A observational study of 100 cases that have undergone abdominal surgery in GCS hospital and were followed up from the day of operation to 30 days after operation. Results: Incidence of SSI: The overall infection......

Key Word: SSI: Surgical Site Infection

[1] Smith Rl, Bohl Jk, Mcelearney St, Friel Cm, Barclay Mm, Sawyer Rg, And Foley Ef: Wound Infection After Elective Colorectal Resection. Ann Surg 2004, 239:599-605.
[2] David J. Leaper. 2004. ―Surgical Infection.‖ Bailey & Love'S Short Practice Of Surgery, 27th Edition, P 32-48.
[3] Schwartz Si, Comshires G, Spencer Fc, Dally Gn, Fischer J, Galloway Ac: Principles Of Surgery. 9th Edition. Chapter 6 ―Surgical Infections‖ Ny: Mcgraw-Hill Companies; 2010.
[4] Richard T, Ethridge, Mimi Leon And Linda G. Philips: ―Wound Healing‖. Sabiston Text Book Of Surgery,20th Edition, P 191-216.
[5] Mahesh C B, Shivakumar S, Suresh B S, Chidanand S P, Vishwanath Y. A Prospective Study Of Surgical Site Infections In A Teaching Hospital. Journal Of Clinical And Diagnostic Research 2010 Oct;4(5):3114-3119..

Abstract: Background. Impacted canines are one of the most common challenges in orthodontic practice. Interdisciplinary work is required for an adequate diagnosis and treatment plan. A timely approach and a case management with controlled biomechanics will be ideal for the success of the orthodontic treatment. Among the different biomechanical options that we have to treat the retained dental organs is the ballistic loop spring, which has proven to be an effective and safe tool for orthodontic traction of impacted canines. In the following clinical case report, a canine traction.....

Key Word: Orthodontics, Impacted canine, Ballistic loop spring, Forced Eruption

[1] Kumar, S., Mehrotra, P., Bhagchandani, J., Singh, A., Garg, A., Kumar, S., Sharma, A., & Yadav, H. (2015). Localization Of Impacted Canines. Journal Of Clinical And Diagnostic Research : Jcdr, 9(1), Ze11–Ze14.
[2] Al-Zoubi H, Alharbi Aa, Ferguson Dj, Zafar Ms. Frequency Of Impacted Teeth And Categorization Of Impacted Canines: A Retrospective Radiographic Study Using Orthopantomograms. Eur J Dent. 2017 Jan-Mar;11(1):117-121
[3] Başer, E. N., Akar, N. K., & Sayar, G. (2023). Effects Of Ballista And Kilroy Springs On Palatally Impacted Canines: A Finite Element Model Analysis. Turkish Journal Of Orthodontics, 36(1), 30.
[4] Counihan K, Al-Awadhi Ea, Butler J. Guidelines For The Assesment Of The Impacted Maxillary Canine. Dental Update. 2013;40(9):770–772..

Abstract: It is imperative for the dentist prosthodontist to give due attention to the salivary characteristics before, during and after denture fabrication. The fact that the teeth are in constant contact with and bathed by the saliva would suggest that this environmental agent could profoundly influence the state of oral health of a person. Denture retention is also to a large extent dependent upon saliva. Retention in complete denture prosthodontics is defined as the quality inherent in the prosthesis which resists the forces of dislodgement along the path of insertion. Successful rehabilitation of edentulous patients with complete dentures is largely contributed to by satisfactory denture retention. Saliva is a complex biological fluid that plays a very important role in maintaining the overall health of the oral cavity.

Key Word: saliva, prosthodontic restoration, implication, denture wearers

....

Abstract: Introduction: Patients undergoing surgery often require general anesthesia and artificial ventilation to ensure proper breathing. Lung protective strategies, including low tidal volumes and PEEP, are crucial to avoid lung injury. With over 230 million patients needing mechanical ventilation annually, improving these practices is essential due to their impact on postoperative complications and outcomes. This study aims to review and enhance our ventilation practices by comparing them with existing guidelines. Materials and methods......

Key Word: Mechanical ventilation, protective ventilation, tidal volume, positive end expiratory pressure, recruitment maneuvers

[1] Treschan Ta, Malbouisson Lm, Beiderlinden M. Intraoperative Mechanical Ventilation Strategies To Prevent Postoperative Pulmonary Complications In Patients With Pulmonary And Extrapulmonary Comorbidities. Best Pract Res Clin Anaesthesiol. 2015 Sep;29(3):341-55.
[2] Ball L, Dameri M, Pelosi P. Modes Of Mechanical Ventilation For The Operating Room. Best Pract Res Clin Anaesthesiol. 2015 Sep;29(3):285-99.
[3] Meininger D, Byhahn C, Mierdl S Et Al. Positive End-Expiratory Pressure Improves Arterial Oxygenation During Prolonged Pneumoperitoneum. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 2005;49: 778-83.
[4] Whalen Fx, Gajic O, Thompson Gb Et Al. The Effects Of The Alveolar Recruitment Maneuver And Positive End-Expiratory Pressure On Arterial Oxygenation During Laparoscopic Bariatric Surgery. Anesth Analg 2006;102: 298-305.
[5] Talab Hf, Zabani Ia, Abdelrahman Hs Et Al. Intraoperative Ventilatory Strategies For Prevention Of Pulmonary Atelectasis In Obese Patients Undergoing Laparoscopic Bariatric Surgery. Anesth Analg 2009;109: 1511-6.