iosr-JDMS   Volume-25 ~ Issue-3 ~ March 2026

Abstract: Background. The aim of this study was to compare the clinical effects of trendelenburg (20 degrees) and horizontal positions on the height of sensory block after giving hyperbaric ropivacaine and also the need of vasopressors in the two groups. Methods. Seventy ASA grade I–II patients undergoing elective lower abdominal surgery under spinal anaesthesia with 22.5 mg of hyperbaric.......

Key Word: Spinal Anesthesia, posture, ropivacaine, hemodynamics

[1]. Rodgers A, Walker N, Schug S, Mckee A, Kehlet H, Van Zundert A, Et Al. Reduction Of Postoperative Mortality And Morbidity With Epidural Or Spinal Anaesthesia: Results From Overview Of Randomised Trials. BMJ. 2000;321(7275):1493. Doi: 10.1136/Bmj.321.7275.1493
[2]. Kumar S, Subramanian BV, Kumar V (2023) Current Indications Of Spinal Anaesthesia: A Short Communication. J Anesth Clin Res. 14:1108.
[3]. Hocking G, Wildsmith JA. Intrathecal Drug Spread. British Journal Of Anaesthesia. 2004 Oct 1;93(4):568-78.
[4]. Pitkänen M, Rosenberg PH. Local Anaesthetics And Additives For Spinal Anaesthesia—Characteristics And Factors Influencing The Spread And Duration Of The Block. Best Practice & Research Clinical Anaesthesiology. 2003 Sep 1;17(3):305-22.
[5]. Banerjee SG, Hazra S, Banerjee A, Bandyopadhyay U. Effect Of Position-Trendelenburg And Horizontal On The Height Of Sensory Block In Patients Undergoing Lower Abdominal Surgery. Asian Journal Of Medical Sciences. 2023 Jul 1;14(7):52-7..

Abstract: Résumé L’échographie est de plus en plus utilisée dans la pose des voies veineuses périphériques, en particulier chez les patients ayant des veines difficiles d’accès. Des études ont montré que l’utilisation de l’échographie pour guider l’insertion des cathéters veineux périphériques permet de réduire le taux de complications associées à cette procédure et d’améliorer......

[1]. Lefebvre S, Et Al. Le Capital Veineux Échographique. Anesthésie & Réanimation. 2015.
[2]. Bouadjaj S, Et Al. Pose Des Voies Veineuses Périphériques Sous Échographie. Médecine Intensive Réanimation. 2019.
[3]. Cronier P, Et Al. Perfusion Veineuse Périphérique Difficile : Apport De L’échographie. Médecine Intensive Réanimation. 2014.
[4]. Choquet O, Eisenberg E. Voie Veineuse Périphérique Et Échographie. MAPAR. 2009.

Abstract: In the process of producing prosthetic constructions, the most common choice is a metal-free ceramic material. Besides, the better aesthetic characteristics achieved by zirconium oxide ceramics than by metal ceramics, the zirconium oxide ceramics also have excellent mechanical characteristics and can be used in areas with strong chewing pressure. The metal-ceramics material has good mechanical aspects, satisfactory aesthetics, and a more affordable price for the patient. We have a case report of two patients. In the first patient, we have prosthetic construction....

Key Word: metal-free zirconium-oxide ceramics, metal-ceramics

[1] Zarone F, Russo S, Sorrentino R: From Porcelain-Fused-To-Metal To Zirconia: Clinical And Experimental Considerations. Dent Mater 2011;27:83-96
[2] Canadian Agency For Drugs And Technologies In Health. Porcelain-Fused-To-Metal Crowns Versus All-Ceramic Crowns; Canadian Agency For Drugs And Technologies In Health: Ottawa, ON, Canada, 2016.
[3] Zając, Z.A.; Jedynak, B. Physical And Chemical Properties Of Porcelain-Fused-To-Metal And Porcelain-Fused-To-Zirconia Prosthetic Crowns—A Literature Review. Prosthodontics 2023
[4] 3 Prince J., Donovan T. E., And Presswood R. G., The All-Porcelain Labial Margin For Ceramometal Restorations: A New Concept, The Journal Of Prosthetic Dentistry. (1983) 50, No. 6, 793–796, 2-S2.0-0021005485.
[5] Volvina, M.; Sumarsongko, T.; Firman, D. The Influence Of Metal Coping Design On Fracture Resistance Of Porcelain-Fused-To- Metal Crown. Key Eng. Mater. 2022, 932, 147–156.

Abstract: Objective: This study aims to evaluate the level of awareness and perception of Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) in an Indian subpopulation, analyzing demographic factors influencing knowledge, misconceptions, and healthcare-seeking behavior. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted with 2014 participants across diverse socioeconomic backgrounds. Data were analyzed using chi-square tests and logistic regression to determine associations between RA awareness and......

[1]. Helmick CG, Felson DT, Lawrence RC, Et Al. Estimates Of The Prevalence Of Arthritis And Other Rheumatic Conditions In The United States: Part I. Arthritis Rheum. 2008;58(1):15-25.
[2]. Malaviya AN, Kapoor SK, Singh RR, Kumar A, Pande I. Prevalence Of Rheumatoid Arthritis In The Adult Indian Population. Rheumatol Int. 1993;13(4):131-134.
[3]. Chopra A, Patil J, Billampelly V, Relwani J, Tandle HS. Prevalence Of Rheumatic Diseases In A Rural Population In Western India: A WHO-ILAR COPCORD Study. J Assoc Physicians India. 2001;49:240-246.
[4]. Misra R, Sharma S, Agarwal V. Indian Rheumatology In 2020: Challenges And Opportunities. Indian J Rheumatol. 2020;15(1):1-7.
[5]. Alamanos Y, Drosos AA. Epidemiology Of Adult Rheumatoid Arthritis. Autoimmun Rev. 2005;4(3):130-136.

Abstract: Molar distalization is an effective orthodontic approach for correcting class II malocclusion and managing space without extractions.it may involve distal movement of upper molars using intraoral appliances. While conventional methods may cause anchorage loss, skeletal anchorage has improved control and predictability. Right appliance selection are essential for achieving stable and efficient treatment outcomes

Keywords: Molar distalization, Skeletal anchorage, Mini iimplants, Anchorage control

[1]. Dhiman, Sushma. (2015). Curve Of Spee - From Orthodontic Perspective. Indian Journal Of Dentistry. 6. 199. 10.4103/0975-962X.170392.
[2]. Kumar, K & Tamizharasi, S. (2012). Significance Of Curve Of Spee: An Orthodontic Review. Journal Of Pharmacy & Bioallied Sciences. 4. S323-8. 10.4103/0975-7406.100287.
[3]. Hitchcock HP. The Curve Of Spee In Stone Age Man. Am J Orthod. 1983; 84:248–53. Doi: 10.1016/0002-9416(83)90132-X.
[4]. Sal Carcara C, Preston B, Jureyda O. The Relationship Between The Curve Of Spee, Relapse, And The Alexander Discipline. Semin Orthod. 2001;7:90–9..

Abstract: Ellis Van Creveld syndrome (EVC syndrome) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder characterized by short stature, postaxial polydactyly, ectodermal dysplasia, and congenital heart defects. A 10-year-old female patient reported with disparity between the upper and lower anterior teeth, delayed exfoliation of primary teeth, and delayed eruption......

Keywords: Ellis Van Creveld syndrome (EVC syndrome); EVC syndrome; Hypodontia; Taurodontism; Polydactyly; Congenital heart disease; Radiographic features

[1]. Ellis RW, Van Creveld S. A Syndrome Characterized By Ectodermal Dysplasia, Polydactyly, Chondro-Dysplasia And Congenital Morbus Cordis: Report Of Three Cases. Arch Dis Child. 1940;15(82):65.
[2]. Cahuana A, Palma C, Gonzáles W, Geán E. Oral Manifestations In Ellis-Van Creveld Syndrome: Report Of Five Cases. Pediatr Dent. 2004;26(3):277–82.
[3]. Bui TH, Marsk L, Eklöf O, Theorell K. Prenatal Diagnosis Of Chondroectodermal Dysplasia With Fetoscopy. Prenat Diagn. 1984;4(2):155–9. Doi:10.1002/Pd.1970040212
[4]. Blackburn MG, Belliveau RE. Ellis-Van Creveld Syndrome: A Report Of Previously Undescribed Anomalies In Two Siblings. Am J Dis Child. 1971;122(3):267–70.
[5]. Böhm N, Fukuda M, Staudt R, Helwig H. Chondroectodermal Dysplasia (Ellis–Van Creveld Syndrome) With Dysplasia Of Renal Medulla And Bile Ducts. Histopathology. 1978;2(4):267–81. Doi:10.1111/J.1365-2559.1978.Tb01719.X.

Abstract: Background: SLE is a multisystem auto-immune and and hormone-dependent disease, the manifestation of which requires genetic as well as certain provoking factors. Women with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) still face significant risks when embarking on a pregnancy1. Improvements in the field of pathophysiology, in diagnosis and a greater number of therapeutic options in the treatment of SLE, have made the medical community regard these patients......

Keywords: Fetal loss, Lupus nephritis, Antiphospholipidsyndrome, Congenital heart block, Anticardiolipin antibodies, Systemic lupus erythematosus. Hydroxycholoroquine, wysolone, LSCS, hypertension

[1]. Danchenko N, Satia JA, Anthony MS. Epidemiology Of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: A Comparison Of Worldwide Disease Burden. Lupus. 2006. 15 (5):308-18. [Qxmd MEDLINE Link].
[2]. Tan Y, Yang S, Liu Q, Li Z, Mu R, Qiao J, Et Al. Pregnancy-Related Complications In Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. J Autoimmun. 2022 Jul 21. 54 (4):102864. [Qxmd MEDLINE Link].
[3]. Gladman DD, Tandon A, Ibañez D, Urowitz MB. The Effect Of Lupus Nephritis On Pregnancy Outcome And Fetal And Maternal Complications. J Rheumatol. 2010 Apr. 37 (4):754-8. [Qxmd MEDLINE Link].
[4]. Petri M. Pregnancy And Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. Best Pract Res Clin Obstet Gynaecol. 2020 Apr. 64:24-30. [Qxmd MEDLINE Link]..

Abstract: Background: Fibrolipoma is a rare benign mesenchymal tumor composed of mature adipose tissue admixed with fibrous connective tissue. Although lipomas are common soft-tissue tumors, scrotal involvement is exceptionally uncommon and often poses diagnostic challenges due to its resemblance to other scrotal pathologies. Case Presentation: A 33-year-old male presented with a painless, progressively enlarging scrotal swelling of two years’ duration......

Keywords: Scrotal fibrolipoma, Benign scrotal tumor, Giant scrotal swelling

[1] P V, Debnath SC, Deka B, Choudhury R. Fibrolipoma Of Buccal Mucosa: An Astoundingly Large Benign Oral Tumor. Int J Sci Res 2025;14:43–4. Https://Doi.Org/10.36106/IJSR/9705032.
[2] Das S, Khan AA. Unveiling The Rarity: A Case Report On Gigantic Primary Scrotal Lipoma. Annals Of Urologic Oncology 2024;7:70–4. Https://Doi.Org/10.32948/AUO.2024.06.30.
[3] Kong M, Bai Y, Jia J, Liu C, Zhang S. Primary Scrotal Lipoma In A Child: A Rare Case Report And Review Of Literature. Front Pediatr 2024;12:1360943. Https://Doi.Org/10.3389/FPED.2024.1360943/BIBTEX.
[4] Sugito B, Kalitouw P, Kalitouw F. Scrotalis Fibrolipoma: A Case Report. E-Clinic 2025;14:1–4.
Https://Doi.Org/10.35790/ECL.V14I1.63139.
[5] Mansiroglu AK, Duman A, Deniz S. First Pediatric Case Of Spermatic Cord Fibrolipoma: Case Report And Literature Review. BMC Urology 2025;25:1–9. Https://Doi.Org/10.1186/S12894-025-01752-4

Abstract: Background: The removal of a macroscopically and/or histologically normal appendix during surgical interventions performed on the basis of a clinical suspicion of acute appendicitis is referred to as negative appendectomy, although there is no consensus regarding this definition.
The aim of the study was to evaluate the rate of negative laparoscopic appendectomy in children with a clinical suspicion of......

Keywords: Acute appendicitis; children; negative appendectomy; incidence; pediatric surgery; pathology

[1]. Zdichavsky M., Gogele H., Blank G., Kraulich M., Meile T. Et Al. Histological Characterization Of Appendectomy Specimens With Intraoperative Appearance Of Vascular Injection. Surg. Endosc. 2013. 27:849-53.
[2]. Yap T.L., Fan J.D., Chen Y., Ho M.F., Choo C.S.C., Et Al. A Novel Noninvasive Appendicitis Score With A Urine Biomarker. J. Pediatr. Surg. 2019. 54:91-6.
[3]. Sheikh M.A., Latif T. Acute Appendicitis In Children; Correlation Of Clinical Data With Histopathological Findings. Professional Med. J. 2014. 21(1):027-032.
[4]. Michelson K.A., Reeves S.D., Grubenhoff J.A., Cruz A.T., Chaudhari P.P. Et Al. Clinical Features And Preventability Of Delayed Diagnosis Of Pediatric Appendicitis. JAMA Netw Open. 2021. 4(8): E2122248.
Https://Doi.Org/10.1001/Jamanet Workopen.2021.22248.
[5]. Javanmard F., Hasanzadegan Sadegh Y. Pathological Assessment Of The Appendix In Appendectomies Performed In Children. Arch. Iran. Med. 2024. 27(5):265-71

Abstract: Background: Tobacco use remains one of the most consequential preventable public health crises globally. A growing body of evidence points to a causal link between cigarette smoking and sensorineural hearing deterioration; however, population-level audiometric data from India — particularly from Western Uttar Pradesh — are scarce. The present cross-sectional investigation was undertaken to quantify the audiometric burden attributable to tobacco......

Keywords: Tobacco smoking, hearing impairment, pure tone audiometry, sensorineural hearing loss, pack-years, Western Uttar Pradesh

[1]. Cruickshanks KJ, Klein R, Klein BE, Et Al. Cigarette Smoking And Hearing Loss: The Epidemiology Of Hearing Loss Study. JAMA. 1998;279(21):1715–1719.
[2]. World Health Organization. World Report On Hearing. Geneva: WHO; 2021.
[3]. Kumar A, Gulati R, Singhal S, Et Al. The Effect Of Smoking On The Hearing Status — A Hospital Based Study. J Clin Diagn Res. 2013;7(2):210–214.
[4]. Gautam N, Shivalingesh KK, Kushwaha A, Et Al. Effect Of Smoking On Status Of Hearing: A Cross-Sectional Study. Arch Otolaryngol Rhinol. 2022;8(3):009–013.
[5]. Lin BM, Wang M, Stankovic KM, Et Al. Cigarette Smoking, Smoking Cessation, And Risk Of Hearing Loss In Women. Am J Med. 2020;133(10):1180–1186.

Abstract: Multiple osteomas in the maxillofacial region are uncommon and may present functional and esthetic challenges. Surgical excision remains the treatment of choice when they interfere with mastication, speech, or prosthetic rehabilitation. The use of a prefabricated guiding splint aids in precise bone contouring, prevents over-resection, and facilitates postoperative healing. A 65 year-old male presented with multiple bony protuberances.....

Keywords: Osteoma, Exostosis, surgical excision

[1]. Garcia A, Gonsalez JM, Font R, Rivaderneira A, Roldan L. Current Status Of The Torus Palatinus And Torus Mandibularis. Med Oral Path Oral Cir Buccal 2010 Mar 1; 15(2): E353-E360
[2]. Bansal M, Rastogi S, Sharma A. Multiple Mandibular Exostoses: A Rare Case Report. J Clin Diagn Res 2013; 7: 1802
[3]. Chaudhry SI, Tappuni AR, Challacombe SJ. Multiple Maxillary And Mandibular Exostoses Associated With Multiple Dermatofibromas: A Case Report. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 2000; 89:319-22.
[4]. Czuszak CA, Tolson GE 4th, Kudryk VL, Hanson BS, Billman MA. Development Of An Exostosis Following A Free Gingival Graft: Case Report. J Periodontol 1996; 67:250-3.
[5]. Smitha K, Smitha GP. Alveolar Exostosis– Revisited: A Narrative Review Of The Literature. The Saudi J For Dent Res 2015; 6: 67-72

Abstract: Radiation dose monitoring is fundamental to ensuring occupational and patient safety in diagnostic imaging facilities. However, conventional electronic dosimeters and thermoluminescent dosimeter systems remain financially inaccessible to many imaging centres in resource-constrained regions of Nigeria. This study presents the design, analytical modelling, and simulation validation of a low-cost microcontroller-based dosimeter tailored for imaging centres in Benue State. The proposed architecture integrates a reverse-biased PIN photodiode radiation.....

Keywords: Low-cost dosimeter, radiation safety, transimpedance amplifier, photodiode sensor, Arduino, imaging centres, signal conditioning, radiation monitoring, low-cost instrumentation.

[1]. Boice, J., Jr, Dauer, L. T., Kase, K. R., Mettler, F. A., Jr, & Vetter, R. J. (2020). Evolution Of Radiation Protection For Medical Workers. British Journal Of Radiology, 93(1112), 20200282. Https://Doi.Org/10.1259/Bjr.20200282
[2]. Comer, D. J. (2018). Digital Design With Arduino: Implementation And Application. CRC Press.
[3]. Hussain, S., Mubeen, I., Ullah, N., Shah, S. S. U. D., Khan, B. A., Zahoor, M., Ullah, R., Khan, F. A., & Sultan, M. A. (2022). Modern Diagnostic Imaging Technique Applications And Risk Factors In The Medical Field: A Review. Biomed Research International, 2022, 5164970. Https://Doi.Org/10.1155/2022/5164970
[4]. Ibanez, B., Melero, A., Montoro, A., San Onofre, N., & Soriano, J. M. (2024). Molecular Insights Into Radiation Effects And Protective Mechanisms: A Focus On Cellular Damage And Radioprotectors. Current Issues In Molecular Biology, 46(11), 12718–12732. Https://Doi.Org/10.3390/Cimb46110755
[5]. Jibiri, N. N., & Olowookere, C. J. (2016). Evaluation Of Dose-Area Product Of Common Radiographic Examinations Towards Establishing A Preliminary Diagnostic Reference Levels (Pdrls) In Southwestern Nigeria. Journal Of Applied Clinical Medical Physics, 17(6), 392–404. Https://Doi.Org/10.1120/Jacmp.V17i6.6011

Abstract: Background: Microbial contamination of drinking water remains a significant public health challenge in developing regions, contributing to waterborne infections and gastrointestinal diseases. This study assessed the microbiological quality and environmental determinants of drinking water sources in Moradabad district, Uttar Pradesh, India.
Materials.....

Keywords: Drinking Water; Water Microbiology; Coliform Bacteria; Escherichia coli; Waterborne Diseases
Highlights

[1]. Kristanti RA, Hadibarata T, Syafrudin M, Yılmaz M, Abdullah S. Microbiological Contaminants In Drinking Water: Current Status And Challenges. Water Air Soil Pollut. 2022 Jul 22;233(8):299. Doi:10.1007/S11270-022-05698-3
[2]. Yohannes L, Begna BB, Yirdaw AA, Sergindo MT, Bezie AE, Weldegebriel F, Et Al. Bacteriological Quality Of Drinking Water And Associated Factors In Alemwach Refugee Camp In Dabat District, Northwest Ethiopia. Sci Rep. 2025 Apr 18;15(1):13390.
Doi:10.1038/S41598-025-96490-W
[3]. Holcomb DA, Stewart JR. Microbial Indicators Of Fecal Pollution: Recent Progress And Challenges In Assessing Water Quality. Curr Environ Health Rep. 2020;7(3):311–24. Doi:10.1007/S40572-020-00278-1 Pubmed PMID: 32542574; Pubmed Central PMCID: PMC7458903.
[4]. Motlagh AM, Yang Z. Detection And Occurrence Of Indicator Organisms And Pathogens. Water Environ Res. 2019 Oct;91(10):1402–8. Doi:10.1002/Wer.1238 Pubmed PMID: 31505073; Pubmed Central PMCID: PMC7169830.
[5]. Khodaparast M, Sharley D, Marshall S, Beddoe T. Advances In Point-Of-Care And Molecular Techniques To Detect Waterborne Pathogens. Npj Clean Water. 2024 Aug 12;7(1):74. Doi:10.1038/S41545-024-00368-9

Abstract: Background: Digital denture fabrication using 3D printing offers improved accuracy and faster production. However, fractures still occur due to stress or impact. Although it has effect on bond strength, repair is often preferred over replacement as it is economical and saves chair side and laboratory time. Chair side repair methods like surface roughening, monomer application and dichloromethane application enhanced the bond strength of conventional PMMA with autopolymerizing PMMA repair material. But there were no studies done so far to assess...

Keywords: Dichloromethane, Methylmethacrylate, Acrylic resin, Denture base, Repair, PMMA

[1]. Rupp NW, Bowen RL, Paffenbarger GC. Bonding Cold Curing Denture Base Acrylic Resin To Acrylic Teeth. J Am Dent Assoc1971; / 83: / 601 /6. [Pubmed]
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[5]. Sarac, Y.S.; Sarac, D.; Kulunk, T.; Kulunk, S. The Effect Of Chemical Surface Treatments Of Different Denture Base Resins On The Shear Bond Strength Of Denture Repair. J. Prosthet. Dent. 2005, 94, 259–266. [Pubmed]

Abstract: Objective: To evaluate the presence or absence of Acanthosis Nigricans and its association with metabolic alterations in a group of obese and overweight children. Methods: A cross-sectional study of 102 overweight school going children in Panipat, based on body mass index of the age group of 9-13 yrs, divided into two groups, presence of Acanthosis nigricans (case group) or absence (control group....

Keywords: Acanthosis nigricans; Pediatric obesity; Insulin resistance; Risk factors

[1]. Han JC, Lawlor DA, Kimm SY. Childhood Obesity. Lancet. 2010;375:1737-48.
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Damiani D, Kuba VM, Cominato L, Damiani D, Dichtchekenian V, Menezes Filho HC. Metabolic Syndrome In Children And Adolescents: Doubts About Terminology But Not About Cardiometabolic Risks. Arq Bras Endocrinol Metab. 2011;55:576-82..
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[5]. Smid CJ, Modaff P, Alade A, Legare JM, Pauli RM. Acanthosis Nigricans In Achondroplasia. Am J Med Genet A. 2018 Dec;176(12):2630-2636

Abstract: Artificial intelligence (AI) has emerged as a transformative technology in modern healthcare, offering significant potential to enhance clinical practice across various medical specialties, including Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery. The growing availability of digital imaging and large clinical datasets has facilitated the development of AI-based systems capable of assisting clinicians in diagnosis, treatment planning, and surgical decision-making...

Keywords: Artificial Intelligence, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Machine Learning, Deep Learning, Cone Beam Computed Tomography

[1]. Vardhe R, Valvi S, Vyavahare S, Shah MA. The Role of Artificial Intelligence in Dentistry: A Narrative Review. Oral Sphere J. Dent. Health Sci. 2025;1(1):41-47. doi: https://doi.org/10.63150/osjdhs.2025.35 [2]. Massaro DW. A pattern recognition account of decision making. Mem Cognit. 1994 Sep;22(5):616-27. doi: 10.3758/bf03198400. PMID: 7968557. [3]. Miragall MF, Knoedler S, Kauke-Navarro M, Saadoun R, Grabenhorst A, Grill FD, Ritschl LM, Fichter AM, Safi AF, Knoedler L. Face the Future-Artificial Intelligence in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery. J Clin Med. 2023 Oct 30;12(21):6843. doi: 10.3390/jcm12216843. PMID: 37959310; PMCID: PMC10649053. [4]. Ali IS, Bakaes Y, MacLeod JS, Lee TY, Cho S, Hsu WK. Artificial Intelligence in Planning for Spine Surgery. Curr Rev Musculoskelet Med. 2025 Dec;18(12):627-634. doi: 10.1007/s12178-025-09992-5. Epub 2025 Aug 26. PMID: 40855400; PMCID: PMC12446165. [5]. Han F, Huang X, Wang X, Chen YF, Lu C, Li S, Lu L, Zhang DW. Artificial Intelligence in Orthopedic Surgery: Current Applications, Challenges, and Future Directions. MedComm (2020). 2025 Jun 25;6(7):e70260. doi: 10.1002/mco2.70260. PMID: 40567249; PMCID: PMC12188104.