iosr-JECE   Volume-17 ~ Issue-6 ~ Nov. - Dec. 2022

Abstract: Identification systems play an important role in the field of security and control systems where the need to protect sensitive or privileged locations are a necessity. In recent times, the applications of biometrics are currently gaining grounds. The aim of this paper is to investigate the feasibility of an acoustics-based ear biometric system exploiting the reflective properties of the human ear canal as a Head Related Transfer Function (HRTF) suitable for real time recognition of individuals in dynamic environments. Using the dynamic simulations environment in MATLAB-SIMULINK real time data captures including enrolment and comparative similarity checks based on the.....

Keywords: Acoustics-based Signal Processing; Auto Regressive Moving Average;Ear Biometric System; Head Related Transfer Function;Identification systems.

[1] Wang, Z., Ren, Y., Chen, Y., & Yang, J. (2022). ToothSonic: Earable Authentication via Acoustic Toothprint. Proceedings of the ACM on Interactive, Mobile, Wearable and Ubiquitous Technologies, 6(2), 1-24.
[2] Benarous, L., Kadri, B., & Bouridane, A. (2017). A survey on cyber security evolution and threats: biometric authentication solutions. In Biometric security and privacy, 371-411, Springer, Cham.
[3] Hurley, D. J., Arbab-Zavar, B., & Nixon, M. S. (2008). The ear as a biometric. In Handbook of biometrics, 131-150, Springer, Boston, MA. A. Iannarelli. Ear Identification. Paramont Publishing Company, 1989
[4] Arakawa, T., Koshinaka, T., Yano, S., Irisawa, H., Miyahara, R., & Imaoka, H. (2016, December). Fast and accurate personal authentication using ear acoustics. In 2016 Asia-Pacific Signal and Information Processing Association Annual Summit and Conference (APSIPA), 1-4,. IEEE
[5] Akkermans, A. H., Kevenaar, T. A., & Schobben, D. W. (2005, October). Acoustic ear recognition for person identification. In Fourth IEEE Workshop on Automatic Identification Advanced Technologies (AutoID'05), 219-223. IEEE.

Abstract: A multi-layer multi-mode optical fiber of silica glass with differences in refractive indices between cladding layers is proposed. It is found that the amount of coupling between various modes will be minimized due to differences in the effective refractive indices among the adjacent modes. It will provide higher spectral efficiency at the time of signal transmission.

Keywords: Ring core optical fiber, refractive indices, multimode, mode coupling

[1]. Nadeem, Iram & Choi, Dong-You. (2016). Concentric Core Fiber Design for Optical Fiber Communication. Journal of information and communication convergence engineering. 14. 163-170. 10.6109/jicce.2016.14.3.163.
[2]. R. Olshansky, "Mode Coupling Effects in Graded-Index Optical Fibers," Appl. Opt. 14, 935-945 (1975).
[3]. Rizwana Shahzadi, Asim Shahzad, Farhan Qamar, Romana Shahzadi, Mudassar Ali, "Effective Refractive Index and V-Parameter Characterization for Guided Modes in Multimode, Nano and Three Layer Optical Fibers" ©2012-18 International Journal of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, ISSN: - 2306-708X, Volume 7, Issue 3 June 2018.
[4]. Ryf , R.;Randel,S.;Gnuchak,A.H.;Bolle,C,:Sierra,A.; Mumtaz, S.; Esmaeelpour, M.; Burross, E.C.; Essiambre, R.; Winzer, P.J.; Peckham, D.W.; McCurdy, A.H.; Lingle, R., "Mode- Division Multiplexing Over 96 km of Few-Mode Fiber Using Coherent 6 x 6 MIMO Processing," Lightwave Technology, Journal of, vol.30, no.4, pp.521,531, Feb.15,2012.
[5]. Carpenter, J.; Thomson, B.C.; Wilkinsom, T.D., "Degenerate Mode-Group Division Multiplexing," Lightwave Technology, Journal of, vol.30, no.24, pp.3946, 3951, Dec.15, 2012.

Abstract: Broadband data demand for various application is ever increasing. This has promoted the search for a technology, that will for its ubiquitous nature, provide this demand. Broadband over powerline is such technology. Because of its transmission medium (electrical power installation)broadband data suffers severe attenuation as they are propagated through it. In this paper, selective relaying and optimal power allocation are deployed in the broadband over powerline system to mitigate the attenuation. Three and five relays were deployed at different location between.......

Keywords: Broadband, MIMO-PLC, smart-grid, amplify-and-forward and decode-and-forward

[1]. An, P., Chen, X., Wang, J., Zhou, S., & Shan, X. (2007). Analysis on Application of Repeater Technology in Powerline Communications Networks. 2007 IEEE International Symposium on Power Line Communications and Its Applications, 273–277. https://doi.org/10.1109/ISPLC.2007.371136
[2]. Areni, I. S., Palantei, E., Suyuti, A., Adnan, Yusnita, W. S., & Susanti, H. (2016). Attenuation measurement of laboratory-based PLC implementation. Internetworking Indonesia Journal, 8(1), 55–58.
[3]. Canova, A., Benvenuto, N., & Bisaglia, P. (2010). Receivers for MIMO-PLC channels: Throughput comparison.2010 IEEE International Symposium on Power Line Communications and Its Applications, 114–119.
[4]. Cheng, X., Cao, R., & Yang, L. (2013). Relay-aided amplify-and-forward powerline communications. IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid, 4(1), 265–272.
[5]. Cypress. (2011). AN62487 - Cypress Powerline Communication ( PLC ) Repeater Implementation. Www.Cypress.Com › Documentation › Application Notes, 001, 1–17.

Abstract: The routing protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) is defined as the manner of data dispersal from source to the destination. This review paper focuses on the basic features of the Low Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy (LEACH) protocol performance

Key Words: Wireless Sensor Network, LEACH protocol

[1]. Heinzelman, Wendi Rabiner, Anantha Chandrakasan, and Hari Balakrishnan. "Energy-efficient communication protocol for wireless microsensor networks." Proceedings of the 33rd annual Hawaii international conference on system sciences. IEEE, 2000.
[2]. Soro, Stanislava, and Wendi B. Heinzelman. "Prolonging the lifetime of wireless sensor networks via unequal clustering." 19th IEEE international parallel and distributed processing symposium. IEEE, 2005.
[3]. Xiangning, Fan, and Song Yulin. "Improvement on LEACH protocol of wireless sensor network." 2007 international conference on sensor technologies and applications (SENSORCOMM 2007). IEEE, 2007.
[4]. Singh, Sunil Kumar, Prabhat Kumar, and Jyoti Prakash Singh. "A survey on successors of LEACH protocol." Ieee Access 5 (2017): 4298-4328.
[5]. Maurya, Prashant, and Amanpreet Kaur. "A survey on descendants of LEACH protocol." International Journal of Information Engineering and Electronic Business 8.2 (2016): 46..

Abstract: Due to the exponential decay that light experiences during its journey, underwater photographs often have low contrast and color distortion. Additionally, the attenuation rates of colors associated with different wavelengths vary, with red being the wavelength that attenuates most quickly. A technique called red channel compensation was proposed to repair underwater photos, in which colors associated with short wavelengths are retrieved as would be expected for underwater images, restoring the lost contrast. In this paper the low power pipelined architecture with clock gating is implemented and verified for its functionality and power reduction.

Key Words: Architecture Design, Red Channel Compensation, Underwater Image Processing, Red Channel equation, Clock gating technique, DAG.

[1]. Abdulghani, Ahmadshahrizan & MatIsa, NorAshidi. (2014). "Underwater image quality enhancement through composition of dual- intensity images and Rayleigh-stretching". SpringerPlus.3. 757. 10.1186/2193-1801-3- 757.
[2]. C. O. Ancuti, C. Ancuti, C. De Vleeschouwer and P. Bekaert, "Color Balance and Fusion for Underwater Image Enhancement," in IEEE Transactions on Image Processing, vol. 27, no. 1, pp. 379-393, Jan. 2018, doi: 10.1109/TIP.2017.2759252.
[3]. "IEEE Standard for Floating-Point Arithmetic," in IEEE Std 754-2019 (Revision ofIEEE754-2008),vol.,no.,pp.1-84,22July 2019, doi:10.1109/IEEESTD.2019.8766229.
[4]. Patel, Sagar& Patel, Krinesh& Patel, Keval& Patel, Chaitanya. (2019). "Image Enhancement on FPGA using Verilog" in International Journal of Technical Innovation in Modern Engineering &Science (IJTIMES) Impact Factor: 5.22 (SJIF-2017), e-ISSN: 2455-2585 Volume 5, Issue 03, March-2019.
[5]. Dakre, Kalyani A. and P. N. Pusdekar. "A Review on Image Enhancement using Hardware co-simulation for Biomedical Application" (2015) in International Journal of Advanced Research in Computer Engineering & Technology (IJARCET) Volume 3 Issue 12,pp.4438-4441..