iosr-JEEE   Volume-11 ~ Issue-4 ~ July-August 2016

Abstract: The advancements in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) & Internet technologies, a new trend in era of ubiquity is being realized. The Enormous increase in users of Internet & modifications on internetworking technologies enable networking of everyday objects. The "Internet of Things (IoT)" is about physical items talking each other, machine to machine communications and person to computer communications will extended to "things". The Key technologies that drive future IoT related to Smart sensor technologies including Nanotechnology, WSN and Miniaturization............
Key Words: ARM7 microcontroller, AT89S52 microcontroller, Internet of things, WSN, zigbee.

[1]. C. Perera, A. Zaslavsky, P. Christen, and D. Georgakopoulos, "Context Aware Computing for the Internet of Things: A Survey, "Communications Surveys & Tutorials, IEEE, vol.16, no.1, pp.414-454, First Quarter 2014
[2]. K. Lee and H. Lee, "Network-based fire-detection system via controller area network for smart home automation," IEEE Trans., Consumer Electronics, vol.50, no.4, pp.1093-1100, Nov. 2004
[3]. D. Han and J. Lim. "Smart home energy management system using IEEE 802.15. 4 and zigbee," IEEE Trans., Consumer Electronics, vol.56, no.3, pp,1403-1410, Aug. 2010

Abstract: In this paper, the issue of interactions of electromagnetic field with biological tissues is asked. Its interactions essentially depend on the electrical properties of the medium, themselves dependent on the frequency. The body is a loss dielectric medium. It interacts with the near field of the antenna; it will cause changing on antenna characteristics, reducing in performance and changing in impedance. This study of interaction is made with a rectangular loop antenna placed near a simplified model of the human body on ISM band especially 433MHz

Index Terms: Depth of penetration, electromagnetic field, human body, interaction human-antenna, wavelength

[1]. K.Tayari, M.Chaoui, H.Ghariani, M.Lahiani, Influence of the cardiac activity on the surface impedance of a multilayer medium, International conference on advanced technologies for signal and image processing, ATSIP'2014, Tunisia.
[2]. Y Kim, H Morishita, Y Koyanagi, K Fujimoto, A Folded Loop antenna system for handsets developed and based on the advanced design concept, IEICE Trans.Commum, Vol E84-B, No 9, September 2001.
[3]. J.V.Niekerk, F.L.Dacus, S.Bible, Loop Antenna Basics and Regulatory Compliance for Short-Range Radio, Microchip Technology Inc, 2002.
[4]. Y Saito, I Nagano, H Haruki, A novel Loop antenna for a wristwatch phone, IEICE Trans. Commum, Vol E84-B, No 5, May 2001.
[5]. Krupka Z., The Effect of the Human Body on Radiation Properties of Small-Sized Communication Systems, IEEE Transactions on Antennas Propagation, Vol. AP-16, No. 2, Mars 1968.

Abstract: Road traffic accidents are one of the world's largest public health problems. To reduce these numbers, vehicle manufacturers are developing systems that can detect hazardous traffic situations and actively assist road users in avoiding or mitigating accidents. Collision Avoidance (CA) Mechanism is being identified as a suitable method for mitigating the road accidents. The main objective is to make the driver to attend only the emergency calls. Initially when a call is made to driver, he will receive a message intimating that the person is driving.............

Index Terms: Collision Avoidance (CA), Radio Frequency (RF), Universal Asynchronous Receiver Transmitter (UART), Special Function Register (SFR), Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR), Surface Acoustic Wave (SAW)

[1]. M. Distner, M. Bengtsson, T. Broberg, and L. Jakobsson, ―City safety — A system addressing rear-end collisions at low speeds,‖ in Proc. 21st Enhanc. Safety Veh. Conf., Stuttgart, Germany, 2009, paper 09-0371.
[2]. J. Hillenbrand, A. Spieker, and K. Kroschel, ―A multilevel collision mitigation approach—Its situation assessment, decision making, and performance tradeoffs,‖IEEE Trans. Intell. Transp. Syst., vol. 7, no. 4, pp. 528–540, Dec. 2006.
[3]. A. Broadhurst, S. Baker, and T. Kanade, ―A prediction and planning framework for road safety analysis, obstacle avoidance and driver information,‖ in Proc. 11th World Congr. Intell. Transp. Syst., Oct. 2004, pp. 1–26.
[4]. J. Jansson and F. Gustafsson, ―A framework and automotive application of collision avoidance decision making,‖ Automatica, vol. 44, no. 9,pp. 2347–2351,Sep. 2008.
[5]. M. Goodrich and E. Boer, ―Designing human-centered automation: Tradeoffs in collision avoidance system design,‖ IEEE Trans. Intell. Transp.Syst. vol. 1, no.1, pp. 40–54, Mar. 2000.

Abstract: This paper presents a new scheme based on cuckoo search algorithm (CSA) for enhancing the performance of interline power flow controller (IPFC) under multiline transmission for reducing the transmission line congestion to a great extent. Optimal placement of IPFC is done by subtracting line utilization factor (SLUF) and CSA-based optimal tuning. The multi objective function consists of active power loss, security margin, bus voltage limit violation and capacity of installed IPFC. The multi objective function is tuned by CSA and the optimal location for minimizing the congestion in transmission lines is obtained..............

Index Terms: Congestion management; cuckoo search algorithm; Interline power flow controller (IPFC); optimal location; power system; subtracting line utilization factor

[1] Masoud Mohammadalizadeh-Shabestary, Hamed Hashemi-Dezaki, Shahed Mortazavian, Hossein Askarian-Abyaneh, and Gevork Gharehpetian, A general approach for optimal allocation of FACTS devices using equivalent impedance models of VSCs, International Transactions on Electrical Energy Systems, 25(7), 2014, 307-1203.
[2] Masahide Hojo, Yasunori Mitani, Toshifumi Ise, and Kiichiro Tsuji, Quantitative evaluation of generator power control effect of FACTS controllers for power system stabilization, Electrical engineering in Japan,138, 2002, 43-51.
[3] Kalyan K. Sen, Analysis of facts controllers and their transient modelling techniques, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd 2015.
[4] Wei Xuan, Chow Joe H, Fardanesh Behruz, Edris Abdel-Aty, A common modeling framework of voltage-sourced converters for load flow, sensitivity, and dispatch analysis, IEEE Transactions on Power System, 19(2), 2004, 934–941.
[5] Valentin Azbe, and Mihalic, The Control Strategy for an IPFC Based on the Energy Function, IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, 23(4), 2008, 1662-1669.

Abstract: In this paper, a new topology for 25-level cascaded inverter (H-bridge type) is proposed. In comparison to the 15-level cascaded inverter, which uses multiple DC sources for each basic unit and a total of 12 switches for the overall topology, the proposed topology for the H-bridge type 25-level inverter has a single DC source and the switches reduced to 10 (8 unidirectional and 2 bidirectional). Lossless transformers of specific turns ratios 1:1 and 1:5 are employed to obtain proper voltage levels on the output side.......

Index Terms: Cascaded inverter, lossless transformers, Total Harmonic Distortion (THD)

[1]. M. Calais and V. G. Agelidis, ―Multilevel converters for single-phase grid connected photovoltaic systems—An overview,‖ in Proc. IEEE Int. Symp.Ind. Electron., 1998, vol. 1, pp. 224–229.
[2]. S. B. Kjaer, J. K. Pedersen, and F. Blaabjerg, ―A review of single-phase grid connected inverters for photovoltaic modules,‖ IEEE Trans. Ind. Appl., vol. 41, no. 5, pp. 1292–1306, Sep./Oct. 2005.
[3]. P. K. Hinga, T. Ohnishi, and T. Suzuki, ―A new PWM inverter for photovoltaic power generation system,‖ in Conf. Rec. IEEE Power Electron. Spec. Conf., 1994, pp. 391–395.
[4]. Y. Cheng, C. Qian, M. L. Crow, S. Pekarek, and S. Atcitty, ―A comparison of diode-clamped and cascaded multilevel converters for a STATCOM with energy storage,‖ IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron., vol. 53, no. 5, pp. 1512– 1521, Oct. 2006.

Abstract: In order to improve the strapping efficiency of express box for Taobao sellers, a new automatic strapping machine of express box is designed in this paper. First, the mechanical structure of the strapping machine is designed and produced according to the strapping demand; then, the electrical structure of the strapping machine is designed and the machine is controlled based on the programmable logic controller (PLC) using the Ladder. Finally, an experiment is carried out. The experimental test results show that the designed machine includes features such as transmission, strapping and tightening for express box, and meets the needs of Taobao sellers.

Index Terms: Taobao seller; Express box; Strapping machine; Programmable logic controller

[1]. Y.G. Xie, X.W. Bai, G.C. Gao, Design of the wire binding machine about large bar, Metallurgical Equipment, 6, 2011, 21-24.
[2]. R.Z. Wei, S.J. Wang, Structural design of the vermicelli curling machine, Journal of Tianjin University of Technology, 29(2), 2013, 20-22.
[3]. S.J. Wang, R.Z. Wei, Structural design of the vermicelli strapping machine, Applied Mechanics & Materials, 215, 2012, 217-220.
[4]. T.J. Cui, J.F. Liu, J.P. Li, X.J. Feng, Design of fruit tree seedings strapping machine, Journal of Agricultural Mechanization Research, 6,2014,101-104..
[5]. F.C. Wang, X.H. He, G.H. Liu, L. Wei, Design of sugarcane automatic binding machine based on UG software, 5, 2015,159-162.

Abstract: Modern technology has widely increased the utility of power, which causes the extension of conventional energy sources. So to meet the needs extracting energy from renewable energy sources has become popular in now-a-days. Modeling and simulation of solar panel integrated to grid using multilevel inverter is proposed in this paper. This design is aimed for obtaining the voltage with less harmonic distortion. Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) control for Photo-Voltaic (PV) system is concerned here to attaining.......

Index Terms: PV cell operation; modeling equations; MPPT algorithm; diode clamped converter; POD modulation.

[1] Sandhu, M., & Thakur, T. (2014). Multilevel Inverters : Literature Survey – Topologies, Control Techniques and application of Renewable Energy Sources - Grid Integration. Int. Journal of Engineering Research and Applications, 4(3), 644–652.
[2] Gupta, K., Ranjan, A., Bhatnagar, P., Sahu, L. K., & Jain, S. (2015). Multilevel Inverter Topologies With Reduced Device Count: a Review. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, 8993(c), 1–1.
[3] Basavaraja D.S., Kulkarni, A. D., & Ananthapadmanabha, T. (2015). A Modular Single-phase Multistring Multilevel Inverter Topology for Distributed Energy Resources. Procedia Technology, 21, 569–574. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.protcy.2015.10.057

Abstract: In my paper an attempt is made to improve the various parameters of a transmission system that will affect the power quality of the system. This is done by applying synchronous condensers in the system. In this thesis, we will consider an IEEE 14- bus data system for our simulation and work is done to find an optimum place to place our synchronous condenser to get the best results for reactive power, power factor and voltage drop. Simulation will be done to find various parameters by placing synchronous condenser at different buses and a comparison will be made by using ETAP PowerStation.

Index Terms: Reactive power, Transmission Efficiency, Voltage Regulation, Power Quality, Transmission Losses, Natural Load.

[1]. Thongkeaw, S., Boonthienthong, M. (2013), ―Technique for Voltage Control in Distribution System‖. International Journal of Electrical, Computer, Energetic, Electronic and Communication Engineering Vol.7, No.10, pp.844-847.
[2]. Tembhurnika, G., Chaudhari, A. (2014) ―A Review on Reactive Power Compensation Techniques‖. Vol.4, Issue.1, ISSN: 2250-0758.
[3]. Khaing, M.K.T.(2014)―Power Factor Correction with Synchronous Condenser for Power Quality Improvement in Industrial Load‖. International Journal of Science and Engineering Applications Vol.3 Issue.3, ISSN: 2319-7560.
[4]. Kothari P.,Nagrath,I J. ―Reactive Power Control in Electrical Systems‖
[5]. Sekhar, G.A., Reddy, M.P., and Suresh, MCV. (2015)―Ideal Implementation of Device in Shunt for Series Compensated Transmission Line‖. International Journal of Engineering Trends in Engineering Research, Vol.3, No.6, ISSN: 2250-0758, pp.477-482.

Abstract: This paper presents a relaying algorithm based on Artificial Neural Network (ANN) technique for the detection and classification of faults on series compensated transmission lines. A 400 kV, 100 km, 50 Hz transmission line was simulated in PSCAD/EMTDC for generating signals for the training and testing of the ANN. Ten types of fault were created at middle of the line and at the remote end.............

Index Terms: ANN, Back propogation algorithm, MATLAB, PSCAD/EMTDC, Series compensation, Transmission line.

[1]. Bogdan Kasztenny, "Distance Protection of Series Compensated Lines-Problems and Solutions", GE Power Management, Spokane, 2001.
[2]. Clint T. Summers, "Distance Protection Aspects of Transmission Lines Equipped with Series Compensation Capacitors", Master of Science in Electrical Engineering Thesis, Virginia Plytechnic Institute and State University, September 29,1999 Blacksburg, VA.
[3]. Bhargav Vyas, Rudra Prakash Maheshwari, BiswarupDas, "Protection of series compensated transmission line: Issues and state of art", Electric Power Systems Research, vol. 107, 2014, pp.93-108.
[4]. Coury, D.V. and Jorge, D.C., "Artificial Neural Network Approach to Distance Protection of Transmission Lines", IEEE International Conference on Neural Networks, Electric Power Systems Research vol. 107, 2014, PP. 93– 108.
[5]. P. Kundur, "Power system Stability and Control", New York: Mc-Graw Hill, 1994

Abstract: This paper presents a Short-term load forecast using Artificial Neural Network (ANN) method and applied it to Secretariat's 33KV feeder in Port Harcourt Metropolis electric power system. This predicts future load one hour in advance for 24 hours using past load readings data over the years , obtained from Port Harcourt Electricity Distribution Company (PHEDC) zonal office for the month of March and June 2015.The main stages include pre-processing of past data sets, network training and forecasting. The proposed Artificial neural network is composed of 3 layers: an............

Index Terms: Artificial neural network, Load Forecasting, Load demand, Multi-layer perceptron, Mean Squared Error.

[1]. Idoniboyeobu D. C., & Newman M.A., (2014) "Electric load prediction technique using multiple regression method ; case study of Port Harcourt metropolis" European journal of scientific Research, vol. 118, no1, pp. 61-74
[2]. Rafal W. (2006) "modeling and forecasting electricity loads: a Statistical Approach". John Willey & Sons Ltd.
[3]. (3) George, G., & Francisco, D. (1987) "short- term forecasting" IEEE Transaction on power system, vol. 75, no. 12, December pp. 1558-15734.
[4]. Schlabbach, J. & Kari-Heinz, R. (2008) "Power System Engineering".Wiley &Verley Co.
[5]. Kothari D.P., &Nagrath, I.J. (2003) "Modeling and forecasting electricity loads" Tata McGraw Hill.

Abstract: Improvement of power system performance in terms of increased voltage profile and decreased transmission loss is becoming one of the challenging tasks to the system operators under open access environment. Apart from traditional power flow controlling devices, use of Flexible AC Transmission System (FACTS) devices can give an attractive solution for the operation and control of deregulated power system. The type, size, location and number of FACTS devices are to be optimized appropriately in order to get the targeted benefits. In this paper, two FACTS devices, TCPST and IPFC are selected to obtain the required performance.............

Keywords: Deregulated power system, open access, TCPST, IPFC, PSO-GSA

[1] Gerbex, S., R. Cherkaoui, and A. J. Germond. "Optimal location of FACTS devices to enhance power system security." Power Tech Conference Proceedings, 2003 IEEE Bologna. Vol. 3. IEEE, 2003.
[2] Ongsakul, Weerakorn, and Peerapol Jirapong. "Optimal allocation of FACTS devices to enhance total transfer capability using evolutionary programming." Circuits and Systems, 2005. ISCAS 2005. IEEE International Symposium on. IEEE, 2005.
[3] Zhang, Jun, and Akihiko Yokoyama. "Application of interline power flow controller to ATC enhancement by optimal power flow control." Power Tech, 2007 IEEE Lausanne. IEEE, 2007.
[4] Hammad, A. E. "Analysis of power system stability enhancement by static VAR compensators." Power Systems, IEEE Transactions on 1.4 (1986): 222-227.
[5] Mohanty, Alok Kumar, and Amar Kumar Barik. "Power System Stability Improvement Using FACTS Devices." International Journal of Modern Engineering Research (IJMER) 1.2 (2011): 666-672.

Abstract: Dynamic comparators are used widely in lots of circuits and systems. They have a high speed performance with positive feedback structure. Analog to digital convertors, regulator switches, memories and processors can be mentioned as their applications.Important parameters that are considerable in dynamic comparators are offset voltage, lag time and the speed of comparator.In this article the offset voltage, the compare speed and the lag time of two popular comparator, Strong Arm and Double Thiel.............

Keywords: offset voltage, kickback noise voltage, lag time, velocity

[1]. Tony Chan Carusone, David A. Johns, Kenneth W. Martin, ANALOG INTEGRATED CIRCUIT DESIGN, Second Edition

[2]. Yongfu Li, Wei Mao, Zhe Zhang, Yong Lian , 17-20 Nov. 2014 , An Ultra-Low Voltage Comparator with Improved Comparison Time and Reduced Offset Voltage, Circuits and Systems (APCCAS), 2014 IEEE Asia Pacific Conference on ,pp 407 – 410.

[3]. Halim, I.S.A. ; Fac. of Electr. Eng., Univ. Teknol. Mara, Shah Alam, Malaysia ; Abidin, N.A.N.B.Z. ; Rahim, A.A.A. , 28-30 Sept. 2011 , Low power CMOS charge sharing dynamic latch comparator using 0.18μm technology , Micro and Nanoelectronics (RSM), 2011 IEEE Regional Symposium on , pp156 – 160

[4]. Choi, R.Y.-K. ; Dept. of Electron. & Comput. Eng., Hong Kong Univ. of Sci. & Technol., Hong Kong, China ; Chi-ying Tsui , 5-8 Aug. 2012 , A novel offset cancellation technique for dynamic comparator latch , Circuits and Systems (MWSCAS), 2012 IEEE 55th International Midwest Symposium on , pp614 – 617.

[5]. Wicht, B. ; Mixed-Signal Power & Control, Texas Instruments Deutschland GmbH, Freising, Germany ; Nirschl, T. ; Schmitt-Landsiedel, D. , July 2004 , Yield and speed optimization of a latch-type voltage sense amplifier , Solid-State Circuits, IEEE Journal of (Volume:39 , Issue: 7 ) , pp1148 – 1158

Abstract: Control of an industrial robot consist of nonlinear terms that causes the uncertainty and external turmoil and must be considered in control law designing. In this study, a control strategy will be presented for the robot arms, based on fuzzy logic control connection and sliding mode control (SMC). The using motivation of SMC in robotic is mainly the admirable features of it such as design simplicity and resistivity. However, the chattering effect could be destructive especially in typical SMC..............

Keywords: Fuzzy control, Robot, Sliding mode control, Uncertainty

[1]. Ahmed F. Amera, Elsayed A. Sallamb, Wael M. Elawady, Department of Electrical and Control Engineering, Arab Academy for
Science and Technology, Egypt, Tanta University, Egypt,(2011).
[2]. H. Yau, C. Chen, Chattering-free fuzzy sliding-mode control strategy for uncertain cha otic systems, Chaos Solitions Frast. 30
(2006) 709–718.
[3]. J.Soltani,MM.Rezaei, Robust control of an islanded multi- bus microgrid based on input-output feedback line arisation and sliding
mode control , IET Generation Transmission & Distribution - Institution of Electrical Engineers,(2015).
[4]. I˙. Eker, Sliding mode control with PID sliding surface and experimental application to an electromechanical plant ,ISA Trans. 45
(January (1)) (2006) 109–118.
[5]. N.kherici, Y. Mohamed Ben ali, AliComputer Sciences Department, LRI, Badji Mokhtar-Annaba University, P.O. Box 12, 23000
Annaba, Algeriaa, Journal of Computational Science,(2015).

Abstract: The problem of output tracing for nonlinear, non-minimum phase systemswill be surveyed in this article. A cascade form control structure will be presented, for the desirable output tracing during the stabilization of inner dynamics in a limited time that conjugates the first and second times of sliding mode methods together.This method is converged under the complete asymptotically feedback.............

Keywords: output tracing, nonlinear non-minimum systems, sliding mode.

[1]. A.Aboei, M.R. jahedmotlagh, and Z.Rahmanicharati,"A chaotic system new light with an equilibrium and stabilization using linear
feedback"control journal, volume3, No 1,pp 37-46,spring 2009.
[2]. Alessandro Pisano, Simon Baev, Domenico Salimbeni, Yuri Shtessel and Elio Usai,A new approach to causal output tracking for
non-minimum phasenonlinear systems via combined first/second order sliding mode control,European Control Conference (ECC)
July 17-19, 2013, Zürich, Switzerland,2013.
[3]. A.Karamimolaei,N.periz,M.H.Modirshanechi," Sliding mode control of nonlinear systems with adaptive swiching comparative"
The control group ferdowsi university of mashhad, control journal, scientific information database,volume4,winter 2009.
[4]. L. Yan, L. Hsu, R. R. Costa and F. Lizarralde, "Variable StructurModel Reference Adaptive Control for Systems with Unknown
HighFrequency Gain", 2003 Conference on Decision and Control, Hawaii,pp. 3525–3530, 2003.
[5]. T. Gao, G. Chen, Z. Chen, and S. Chen, "The generation and circuitimplementation of a new hyperchaos uponLorenz system,"
PhysicsLetters A, vol. 361, no. 1, pp. 78-86, Jan. 2007.

Abstract: During the previous years the urban development and growth along with the urban resident increasing, has complicated the planning, designing and utilization of urban facilities. Urban facilities frazzle especially the urban water and wastewater networks and lots of flaws in that network is one of the problems caused the groundwater pollution and serious biometric flaws. Considering the increasing complexity, the classic methods can't satisfied the nowadays urban demands............

Keywords: Geographic Information System (GIS), urban facilities, Wastewater, Accident, Prediction, Utilization.

[1]. Qadirian P. 1375. "GIS application in the urban networks", water and wastewater journal, 33:27-36 (in Persian).
[2]. Jafari H. 1388. "The model of water distribution event management using the GIS", water and wastewater journal, 2:2-16 (in Persian).
[3]. Al-E- Sheikh E. 1388." Wastewater network designing, using the ArcGIS and the calculation software", Environment Science and Technology, issue 11, volume 1, (in Persian).
[4]. Dawie Crawford.2008." implementing a utility Geographic information system for water sewer and electric:Case study of city of Cahoun,Georgia".pp.14-16.
[5]. Rosemary H.2011.GISP Jordan,"Using GIS to increase the value of a Sanitarysewer preventative Maintenance and inspection program", PP.3-5.

Abstract: In this Project, we analyzed a switched resonant power converter for solar power applications.This circuit topology integrates a switched resonant Converter with zero-voltage switching (ZVS).Resonant converters are extensively utilized in the application of solar power generation systems.The basic requirements of resonant converters are their small size and high efficiency.A high switching frequency is required to achieve small size.To solve the problems due to the switching losses, some soft-switching approaches must be used at high switching frequencies such as Zero- voltage switching (ZVS).High frequency switching reduces the transformer size and filter size. But increase the switching losses. Soft switching is used to reduce the switching losses with help of LC component.............

Keywords: DC–DC-conversion, Soft Switching, modular multilevel converters (MMCs), resonant converter, Solar energy.

[1]. The paper titled ‗A Half-Bridge LLC Resonant Converter Adopting Boost PWM Control Scheme for Hold-Up State Operation'. In-Ho Cho, Student Member, IEEE, Young-Do Kim, Student Member, IEEE,and Gun-Woo Moon, Member, IEEE. International journal of scientific and research publications, Volume :3,ISS :5,FEB 2014.
[2]. The paper titled ‗A Half-Bridge LLC Resonant Converter Adopting Boost PWM Control Scheme Of Hold-Up State Operation' by In-Ho Cho, Young-Do Kim, and Gun-Woo Moon, Members, IEEE, in the IEEE transactions on power electronics, vol. 29, no. 2, February 2014.
[3]. The paper titled ‗A Bidirectional-Switch-Based Wide-Input Range High-Efficiency Isolated Resonant Converter for Photovoltaic Applications' by Thomas La Bella, Wensong Yu, Jih-Sheng (Jason) Lai, Fellow, Matthew Sneaky and David Anderson, Members, IEEE, in the IEEE transactions on power electronics, vol. 29, no. 7, July 2014.
[4]. The paper titled ‗A New LLC Series Resonant Converter with a Narrow Switching Frequency Variation and Reduced Conduction Losses' by Jong-Woo Kim, and Gun-Woo Moon, Members, IEEE, in the IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, Vol. 29, No. 8, August 2014.

Abstract: This study is aimed at using modern methods in beam forming in cognitive radio networks. The beam shaper has an important role in wireless communication by interferences reduction and system capacity improvement. Utilizing this method, the signal of every user is sent as much as feasible by base stations toward the receiver and interferences in the system are effectively reduced. It is worth mentioning that for implementing this method, it is needed to have enough information for forming sender antennas in the best way in order to reach the minimum interference and maximum cognitive radio link efficiency. This information is received in the sender in various ways...........

Keywords: Cognitive radio, beam forming, adaptive structure, interference

[1]. www.isuppli.com/mobile-and -wireless-communications.
[2]. I.F. Akyildiz, W.Y. Lee, M.C. Vuran, S.Mohanty "NeXt generation/dynamic spectrum access/cognitive radio wireless networks: A survey" ELSEVIER Computer Networks 50,p2127–2159, May 2006.
[3]. Bhimo Wikan Hantoro '' Distributed Beamforming for Cognitive Radio Networks'', MSc Thesis,Delft University of Technology, August 2011.
[4]. A. B. Gershman, N. D. Sidiropoulos, S. Shahbazpanahi, M. Bengtsson, and B. Ottersten,"Convex optimization-based beamforming: From receive to transmit and network designs," IEEE Signal Processing Magazine, vol. 27, no. 3, pp. 62–75, May 2010.
[5]. F. R. Farrokhi, L. Tassiulas, and K. J. R. Liu, "Joint optimal power control and beamforming in wireless networks using antenna arrays," IEEE Transactions on Communications, vol. 46, no. 10, pp. 1313–1324, Cct. 1998.

Abstract: In electricity transmission systems by the laser radiation, the GaAs photovoltaic converters with more than 50% efficiency are used. Recently the VMJ also has been studied for the monochromatic light conversion into the electricity. Here, these technologies and their application in electricity transmission systems, have been studied and evaluated. The processing method, structure and conversion efficiency have been compared. Results prove that VMJ silicon solar cells along with concentrator have the high conversion efficiency equal to 43% for the monochromatic light with 975 nm wavelength. Although the GaAs cells along with concentratorhave the 58.3% conversion efficiency..............

Keywords: Optical Power Transmission, GaAs, Vertical Multijunction, Diode Laser

[1]. Smets, Arno. et al. (2016). Solar Energy: The Physics and Engineerings of Photovoltaic Conversion Technologies and Systems. UIT Cambridge Ltd. ISBN-13. 978-1906806325
[2]. E. Oliva, F. Dimroth, GaAs converters for high power densities of laser illumination, Prog. Photovolt.: Res. Appl. 16 (2008) 289–295
[3]. Shan, Tiqiang and Qi, Xinglin. (2015). Design and optimization of GaAs photovoltaic converter for laser power Beaming. Infrared Physics & Technology 71 (2015) 144–150
[4]. Helmers, Henning et al. (2014). Photovoltaic Cells for Optical Power and Data Transmission. European Telemetry and Test Conference, Nurnbergm Fraunhofer ISE, June 3, 2014.
[5]. Mukherjee, J et al. (2013). Efficiency limits of laser power converters for optical power transfer applications. J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys. 46 (2013) 264006 (6pp)

Abstract: The world's interest in underwater applications of unmanned vehicles has experienced a significant increase in recent years. The hazardous and erratic conditions of underwater missions along with their cost and the environmentally hazardous effects of manned underwater vehicles, contribute to the desire to use smaller, more energy efficient, relatively cheap and environmentally friendly AUVs. This paper presents a novel differential thrust control method of an AUV that attempts to broaden their applicability through design for complete Automation in addition to development of a three dimensional path generation tool which provides the trajectory data............

Keywords: autonomous underwater vehicles, differential thrust, Thruster control method, trajectory generating GUI

[1]. J. Kim; K. Kim; Choi, H.S; WoojaeSeong; Kyu-Yeul Lee, "Estimation of hydrodynamic coefficients for an AUV using nonlinear observers", IEEE Journal of Oceanic Engineering, ISSN 0364-9059, 10/2002, Volume 27, Issue 4, pp. 830 – 840
[2]. J.W Choi, R.E. Curry, G.H Elkaim, "Continuous Curvature Path Generation Based on Bezier Curves for Autonomous Vehicles", IAENG International Journal of Applied Mathematics,
[3]. X. Jin, C. kestell, S. grainger, "Agile Motion of a Differential Thrust Autonomous Underwater Vehicle", IEEEnternational Conference on MX. Technology, Melbourne, 2011.

[4]. M.E Rentschler, F.S Hover, C. Chryssostomidis, "System Identification of Open-Loop Maneuvers Leads to Improved AUV Flight Performance", IEEE Journal of Oceanic Engineering, ISSN 0364-9059, 2006, Volume 31, Issue 1, pp. 200 – 208
[5]. S. Sharma, "Trajectory Generation and Path Planning for Autonomous Aerobots", IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation, Roma, Italy, April 10-14, 2007

Abstract: Medical Instrumentation amplifiers are one of the most important parts in biologic signal recording systems which have various application in medicine. The main challenges in these circuits designing come from the nature of biologic signals. The amplifying circuit should work in low power to prevent the tissues heating and doesn't disturb the tissue cells. In this paper an amplifier in CMOS 0.18 μm has been designed for the power consumption reduction and prevention of patient skin disturbing that only uses 7 μw. Also the amplifier should use low level of silicon to reduce the amount of implantable medical sensor. For the chip size reduction in designing the MOSFET transistors has been utilized instead of passive resistances............

Keywords: Electrocardiogram, Analog Integrated Circuit, Biological signal amplifier, heart signal measurement, Medical amplifier with low power consumption

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