IOSR-JHSS   Volume-21 ~ Issue-11 ~ November-2016

Abstract: Customer is the one who pays to consume goods and services produced for his/her personal use.Consumer pay a vital role in economy. Consumer creates demand so producer produces. The consumer also form of the chain of distribution.Now a day because of the internet,consumer are shifting more and more toward becoming prosumers (en.m.wikipedia.org). Direct Selling is a marketing method defined as "face-to-face selling away from fixed retail location" (May 1979; Peterson & Wotruba 1996; Brodie et al 2002). Direct Selling typically includes home selling situations as door-to-door solicitations, appointments, referrals and product parties, as well as catalogues and the Internet to disseminate information (Alturas 2003). Direct selling or Network marketing is a very familiar shopping

[1] Biggart Nicole Woolsey 1989."Charismatic Capitalism: Direct selling Organisations in America" Chicago:University of Chicago press.
[2] Michael A .Belch George E,(2006) . "Belch Advertising and Promotion: An Integrated Marketing Communications prospective",7/e,McGrawHill/Iwin,.
[3] .Misner, R. Ivan and Morgan, Don.(2009) :"Master of Networking," Embassy Book Distributors,120,Great Western Building, Mumbai.
[4] Quain, Bill.(2000): "Prosumer Power" Britt Worldwide India Pvt, Ltd. Vardhaman Chambers, Sector 17,Vashi,Navi Mumbai.
[5] Xardel Dominique.(1994): "The Direct Selling Revolution",Blackwell Publicating, U.S.A.

Abstract: This study was undertaken to examine the effective implementation of the complete ban on sales of smokeless tobacco products in the State of Manipur, India. Methods: Nature of the study being qualitative, the methods of data collection were chiefly observation and interview. Interviews were conducted on 100 ndividuals of students who were in their 11th and 12th standard belonging to the age group of 15-20 years. The analysis of data was done through grounded theory approachResult: The implementation of the banhas not been effective in controlling tobacco use. It has given rise to price rise and increased black marketing, affecting greatly on the financially poor tobacco users.Conclusion: Any effort to ban tobacco products without effective implementation does not necessarily help users to quit, nor does it prevent new users from the uptake. Therefore, any futureattempt isadvised to have proper and systematic plans along with other intervention strategies

Keywords: Smokeless tobacco, complete ban, black market, price rise, intervention.

[1] World Health Organization, WHO report on the global tobacco epidemic, 2008: the MPOWER Package, World Health Organization, Geneva, 2008.
[2] World Health Organization, WHO, Framework Convention on Tobacco Control. World Health Organization, Geneva, 2003.
[3] Ministry of Health and Family Welfare (MoHFW), The Cigarettes and Other Tobacco Products (Prohibition of Advertisement and Regulation of Trade and Commerce, Production, Supply and Distribution) Act, (2003) and Related Rules & Regulations, 2003. Retrieved from http://mohfw.nic.in/National %20Programme%20for%20Tobacco%20 Control.htm.
[4] Sarma I, Sarma PS, Thankappan KR, Awareness, attitude and perceived barriers regarding implementation of the cigarettes and other tobacco products Act in Assam, India, Indian J of Cancer, 47(1), 2010, 63-68.
[5] Jayakrishnan R, Geetha S, Binukumar B, Sreekumar L, Self-reported tobacco use, knowledge on tobacco legislation and tobacco hazards among adolescents in rural Kerala State, Indian J of Dentl Res, 22(2), 2011, 195-1999.

Abstract: Thanks to the rapidly developing technologies, internet has entered to an indispensable part of our lives. Web 2.0 technologies, being one of the most advanced tools of the internet, offers a wide range of usage features to the users of all ages. The goal of this study is, to determine the Web 2.0 technologies usage goals of the students studying Bureau Management and Executive Assistanship program at the Luleburgaz Vocational Collage of the Kirklareli University and to determine if there is a discrepancy according to their sociodemographic factors...........

Keywords: Web 2.0 technologies, vocational college, bureau management and executive assistantship program

[1] Akçay, A. ve Arslan, A. (2010). The using of blogs in Turkish education. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 2(2), 1195-119.
[2] Akgündüz, D. (2013). Fen eğitiminde harmanlanmıĢ öğrenme ve sosyal medya destekli öğrenmenin öğrencilerin baĢarı, motivasyon, tutum ve kendi kendine öğrenme becerilerine etkisi. YayınlanmamıĢ Doktora Tezi. Marmara Üniversitesi Eğitim Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Ġstanbul.
[3] Alazcıoğlu, H. (2016). Öğretmen adaylarının TPAB yeterlik düzeyleri ile web 2.0 araçlarını kullanım durumları arasındaki iliĢkinin incelenmesi. YayımlanmamıĢ Yüksek Lisans Tezi. Mevlana Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Konya.
[4] Aslan, B. (2007). Web 2.0, teknikleri ve uygulamaları. XII. "Türkiye'de Ġnternet" Konferansında sunulmuĢ bildiri.
[5] Ata, F. (2011). Üniversite öğrencilerinin web 2.0 teknolojilerini kullanım durumları ile bilgi okuryazarlığı öz-yeterlik algıları arasındaki iliĢkinin incelenmesi. YayımlanmamıĢ Yüksek Lisans Tezi. Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Eğitim Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Ġzmir

Abstract: We know the global climate is changing. This study presents study findings on the evidence of Climate Change and the perceived changes by smallholder farmers in GombeState,Nigeria. The objectives are to empirically examine changes in temperature, and the trends of change in rainfall totals, the number of rain days and rainfall normality; to determine the awareness of changes in climate by smallholder farmers in the state and to elucidate smallholder farmers' observed changes in temperature, rainfall, the onset and cessation of rainfall, and number of rain days. Both primary and secondary data were used.........

Keywords: Climate Change, Temperature, Rainfall, Perceived impact, Gombe State

[1] AMCEN, (2011): addressing Climate Change Challenges in Africa; A Practical Guide Towards Sustainable Development
[2] Bello, O. B.; Ganiyu, O. T.; Wahab, M. K. A.; Afolabi, M. S.; Oluleye, F.' Ig, S. A.; Mahmud, J.; Azeez, M. A. and Abdulmaliq, S. Y. (2012).Evidence of Climate Change Impacts on Agriculture and Food Security in Nigeria International Journal of Agriculture and Forestry 2012, 2(2): 49-55 DOI: 10.5923/j.ijaf.20120202.08

[3] Building Nigeria's Response to Climate Change, BNRCC, (2011). Climate change Scenarios for Nigeria: Understanding Biophysical Impacts; Climate system Analysis Group University of Cape Town Rondebosch, South Africa.
[4] Howard, B. C. (2014). New Climate Change Report Warns of Dire Consequences. National Geographic. March 31 2014. http://new.nationalgeographic.com/new/2014/03/140331-ipcc-report-global-warming-climate-change-science/
[5] Hughes, L and Fenwick, J (2015) The Burning Issue: Climate Change and the Australian Bushfire Threat. Climate Council of Australia Ltd 2015

Abstract: This study aimed to report the Prevalence of violence against women in Irbid Governorate (north of Jordan) and outlines the nature of violence against women. It also discusses the demographic characteristics, prevalence, forms of violence against women. For the purpose of this study, (Babu&Kar, 2009) version of Domestic violence against women scales were used. A stratified random sampling was used to identify Potential participants. The sample consisted of (711) women and (563) men who were recruited using a stratified random sampling for homes and working places from the northern Jordanian city of Irbid. The findings show that both females and males reported some degree of violence against women in northern Jordan..........

Keywords: violence against women, Northern Jordanian society.

[1] Al–Badayneh, D., (2004).National plan for protection of the Jordanian family from violence. Unpublished manuscript.: The national council for family Affairs,Amman, Jordan

[2] Al–Badayneh,D.,(2005,a).National framework for the protection from family violence, Amman, Jordan: The national council for family Affairs(NCFA).

[3] Al–Badayneh,D.,(2005b).Violence in Jordan from home to the road. Violence in Universities Seminar ,Mu'tah University , Jordan .
[4] Al– Badayneh,D.,(2012).Violence against women in Jordan ,Journal of family violence, Vol. 27,(5), 369-379
[5] Al–Badayneh,D., & Al-Shgour,M.( 2009).Relationship between marital satisfaction and violence against wife in Al-Karak ,Jordan. Mu'tah Journal for studies and Research, Vol.20,No. (6), pp 37-80.

Abstract: This qualitative-hemeneutics phenomenology studyaimed to determine the traumatic experiences of teachers in the war zone. The participants were former and present teachers at Simone Elementary School in the Municipality of Kabacan. A focus group discussion (FGD) was conducted among five teacher- participants. Results revealed that war brought total chaos, fear and confusion since they were not informed by their immediate supervisor on the real condition of the place where they were teaching. It did not only displace women and children but teachers as well who were caught in the midst of fighting. There were stress debriefing conducted by UNICEF which helped them cope with their traumatic experiences. They suggested and recommended that preparedness plans may be formulated for the newly-hired teachers.

Keywords: traumatic experience, teachers, war zone, coping mechanism

[1] Annells, M. (1996). Hermeneutic phenomenology: Philosophical perspectives and currentuse in nursing research. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 23, 705-713.
[2] Bacongo, K. (2011, February 11). Mendoza keeps hands-off policy on MNLF-MILFConflct in Kabacab. Mindanews. Retrieved from http://www.mindanews.com
[3] Bonanno, G. A. (2004). Loss, trauma, and human resilience: have we underestimated the human capacity to thrive after extremely aversive events?. American Psychologist, 59(1), 20.
[4] Cohn, I., & Goodwin-Gill, G. S. (1994). Child soldiers: The role of children in armedconflict. Oxford University Press, USA.
[5] Daud, A., Skoglund, E., & Rydelius, P. A. (2005). Children in families of torture victims:Transgenerational transmission of parents' traumatic experiences to their children. International Journal of Social Welfare, 14(1), 23-32.

Abstract: A healthy work environment is the most important assets of individuals, communities and countries. Occupational health is a disciplinary matter concerned with health and safety of workers at their place of employment. Though the organizations have been found more productive where good health and safety mechanism exist. Mining is the one of the most important industry around the world with economic as well as risk prospect. Safe and Efficient Extraction and Processing must be the one of the major goal of a mining companies. Workplace health and safety hazards may turn out to be costly but they are preventable if taken right precautions.

Keywords: Early detection of Occupational Diseases, Remedies of Occupational Diseases, Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) in Mining.

[1] A Community Guide to Environmental Health (2012) "21 Mining and Health", Health Guides. www.hesperian.org. [2] Badri Adel, Nadeau Sylvie, Gbodossou Andre (2011) "Integration of OHS into Risk Management in an Open-Pit Mining Project in Quebec (Canada)", Minerals 2011, 1, 3-29; doi: 10.3390/min1010003. ISSN 2075-163X. www.mdpi.com/journal/minerals/Article. [3] Elgstrand Kaj, Vingard Eva (2013) "Occupational Safety and Health in Mining", University of Gothenburg. ISSN: 978-91-85971-43-5, ISSN: 0346-7821, NR 2013; 47(2).
[4] Stephens Carolyn, Ahern Mike (2001) "Worker and Community Health Impacts Related to Mining Operations Internationally, A Rapid Review of Literature", Mining, Minerals and Sustainable Development (MMSD), November2001, No. 25, International Institute of Environment and Development (IIED) and World Business Council for Sustainable Development (WBCSD). Reg. No. 2188452, VAT Reg. No. GB 440 4948 50. Registered Charity No. 800066. [5] World Health Organization Regional Office for the Eastern Mediterranean, Cairo (2001) "Occupational health- A manual for primary health care workers", WHO-EM/OCH/85/E/L. Distribution: Limited. © World Health Organization 2001.