iosr-JMCE   Volume-13 ~ Issue-1 ~ Jan-Feb 2016

Abstract: The present paper investigates the role of modifying bearing raceway curvatures to elliptical geometry from conventional circular geometry and its subsequent effect on performance characteristics of a deep Groove ball bearing. A continuum solid modeling based FEM approach has been used to analyze the performance characteristics of a Deep Groove ball bearing DGBB 6312 having raceway curvatures with elliptical geometry.

[1] Tedric A. Harris, Michael N. Kotzalas , Essential Concepts of Bearing Technology, Rolling bearing Analysis ( Taylor & Francis, Fifth edition 2007).
[2] F.Hirano, Motion of a ball in angular-contact ball bearing (ASLE Trans. 1965) pp 425-434
[3] Hans Flander, Radial, Radial Angular-Contact, And Axial Angular-Contact Ball Bearing, United States Patent, Patent No. - 4,565,457, Date of patent. Jan.01,1986
[4] Ishiguro, Fusasuke Gotoh, Toshihisa hata, Single Row deep Groove Radial Ball bearing, United States Patent, Patent No.: US 6,554,480 B2, S006554480B2, Date of Patent: Apr. 29, 2003
[5] Ling Wang, Xiaohua Liu, Dichen Li, Feng Liu, Zhongmin Ji , Contact mechanics studies of an ellipsoidal contact bearing surface of metal-on-metal hip prostheses under micro-lateralization, Medical Engineering & Physics 36 (2014) 419–424

Abstract: In this paper high speed milling spindle design of 16000rpm with minimum static deflection has been determined by varying bearing stiffness, span length between bearings and front bearing inner diameter. In present work intially we design different diameter spindles like 55, 60, 65 and differnet bearing stiffness of respective diamenter by keeping 150contact angle . Further we evaluate the deflection of the spindle nose, static analysis and optimum bearing span length by theoretical analysis and compaire with ANSYS results. The result shows that the span length and bearing siffness has significant effect on spindle deflection.

Keywords: High speed spindle, Static deflection, Bearing stiffness,Ansys software .

[1]. ANSYS Basic Analysis Procedures Guide, 002184, Aug2005, www.ansys.com.Book of Spindles, www.dynospindles.com.
[2]. CMTI Hand Book, Machine Tool Design Hand Book Tata McGraw-Hill Company Limited, 1983,421-588
[3]. Daniel P. Soroka, Hardinge Inc. One Hardinge Dr.Elmira,NY 14902 Hard Turning and the Machine Tool.
[4]. dsoroka@hardinge.com
[5]. Dr.Sinan Badrawy, Dynamic Modeling and Analysis ofMotorized Milling Spindles, Moore Nanotechnology Systems,LLC, 2003.
[6]. FAG Spindle Bearings Catalogue, AC 41 130/7 EA ·March 2008, www.fag.com.

Abstract: This paper presents the results of an experimental study on the tension stiffening response of fusion bonded epoxy coated bars embedded in self compacting concrete (SCC). 18 numbers of direct tension specimens recommended by RILEM standards are used with modified specimen lengths of 40 and 50 times the diameter of the bar. From the study it is concluded that fusion bonded epoxy coating on bars has a negative effect on the tension stiffening of SCC. The reduction ranges from 9.4 % to 32% .The tension stiffening effect improves to an extent of 20-30 % as bar diameter is reduced from 12 mm to 10 mm. Spacing of cracks is 7-18% more if fusion bonded epoxy coated bars are used in SCC.
Keyword: Self compacting Concrete, Fusion bonded Epoxy coated bars, Tension stiffening effect(TSE) , Direct tension test, Corrosion, Packing density, cracking

[1]. Lennart Elfgren and Keiven Noghabai(2001)"Bond properties of the reinforcement bars embedded in concrete element ties" , a
research report of Division of structural Engineering.
[2]. Hamed Salem, Bernhard Hauke, Koichi Maekawa, "Fracture of Concrete Cover-its effect on tension stiffening", JSCE V42, pp.
295-307.
[3]. Makhlouf, H., Malhas, F.A., "The effect of Thick Concrete Cover on the Maximum Flexural crack width under service load", ACI
Structural Journal, Vol. 93, No.3, 1996, pp. 257-265.
[4]. Sooriyaarachchi H, Pilakoutas K, Byars E., "Tension stiffening behavior of GFRP- Reinforced concrete", SP 230-55.
[5]. Gregor Fischer and Victor C. Li, "Influence of Matrix Ductility on Tension-Stiffening Behavior of Steel Reinforced Engineered
Cementitious Composites (ECC)", ACI Structural Journal, 99-S12
[6]. Hamed Salem, Bernhard Hauke, Koichi Maekawa, "Fracture of Concrete Cover-its effect on tension stiffening", JSCE V42, pp.
295-307

Abstract: An egg carton also referred to as egg paper crate is a carton designed for carrying and transporting whole eggs. These cartons have a dimpled form in which each dimple accommodates an individual egg and isolate that egg from eggs in adjacent dimples. In line with paper recycling, waste carton papers were used for the manual production of paper egg crates in this research work. From the research design, a permanent mould that was casted with aluminum was designed and manufactured.

[1]. Arthur W. (2005). "The sculpture reference illustrated: contemporary techniques, terms, tools, materials, and sculpture", Sculpture
Books. p. 40.
[2]. Biermann, C. J. (1993), "Essentials of Pulping and Papermaking", San Diego: Academic Press, Inc. ISBN 0-12-097360-X.
[3]. Bystrom, S. & Lonnstedt, L. (1997). "Paper recycling: environmental and economic impact. Resources", Conservation and
Recycling 21, 1997, pp. 109-127, ISSN 0921-3449.
[4]. Cleary, P; Parkash, M.; Nguyen, T. (2010), "SPH: A new way of modeling the high pressure die casting", Third International
Conference on CFD in the Minerals and Process Industries. pp: 421-426.
[5]. De Bever, J.J.M.; Wolbert, P.M.M.; Tjoeng, B.T.F.; Van Rooij, J.J.M.R (1996), "Design and evaluation of moulded fibre cushions;
proposals for design rules and supplier evaluation procedure".
[6]. Drain, K.F., Murphy, W.R. and Otterburn, M.S. (1982). "Polymer Waste – Resource Recovery - Conservation & Recycling", p.
201-218.

Abstract: There is an increased attention towards the development of Gear-less two-wheeler automobiles [scooters] which have automatic-transmission systems, using centrifugal-clutch systems. These clutch systems have high wear and tear and hence the present research work is taken up to replace the said clutch system with a fluid coupling which may be more effective in wear-free transmission and it will provide a smooth& controlled acceleration with effective damping of shocks, load fluctuations and torsional vibrations. The
attention is therefore laid on developing a highly-efficient fluid coupling. This fluid coupling would capture the mechanical power from the main source, namely the I.C. engine and then transmits it to the rear wheels via an automatic gear box. The fluid coupling has an advantage over the mechanical coupling in the following areas. Effective dampening of shocks, load fluctuations and torsional vibrations. Smooth and controlled acceleration without jerks in transmission of the vehicle.

[1]. Syed Danish Mehdi, Dr. Mohd Mohinoddin, Dr.Syed Nawazish Mehdi, ―Investigations On The Fluid Coupling Of Gearless Two
Wheeler‖, International Journal of Scientific Engineering and Applied Science (IJSEAS) - Volume-1, Issue-7,October 2015 ISSN:
2395-3470, PP: 220-234
[2]. Hydraulic Analysis of a Reversible Fluid Coupling Charles N. McKinnon California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA
[3]. Navier-Stokes analysis of the pump flow field of an automotive torque, converter, ASME J. Fluids Eng., 117, pp. 116–122. By,
R.R., Kunz, R. and Lakshminarayana, B., 1995
[4]. Inverse Design of Impeller Blade of Centrifugal Pump with a Singularity Method- Wen-Guang LI,2011
[5]. Mathematical modelling of partially filled fluid coupling behaviour,A.M.Maqableh,2011.

Abstract: The present work aims to investigate the influence of process parameters such as peak current, pulse on time and pulse off time on material removal rate (MRR) in electrical discharge machining (EDM) of Stainless Steel 304 material. Optimal combination of process parameters to get maximum MRR was achieved using Taguchi method. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) has been performed to find the significant effect of parameters on MRR and results revealed that process parameters such as Peak current, pulse on time and pulse off time are having significant affect on MRR. Further regression analysis has been performed and developed second order full quadratic mathematical model to establish relationship between MRR and process parameters.

[1]. A.Aravindan, S.Rajendra "Optimization of Machining Parameters in EDM process by using Robust Design" International Journal
of Advanced Scientific and Technical Research, Issue 3 vol. 2, March-April (2013)
[2]. Ho, K.H, Newman, S.T. State of the art electrical discharge machining (EDM) International Journal of Machine Tools and
Manufacture, 43(13): 1287–1300 (2003).
[3]. M.Janardhan "Multi-Response Optimization of Process Parameters in Electrical Discharge Machining Using Grey Relational Analysis and Taguchi
Method" International Journal of Research in Mechanical engineering & technology,Vol.4, pp2249-5770, (2014)
[4]. Meenu Gupta and Surinder Kumar "Multi-objective optimization of cutting parameters in turning using grey relational analysis"
International Journal of Industrial Engineering Computations 4 (2013) 547–558.
[5]. Raghuraman S, Thiruppathi K, PanneerselvamT
,SantoshS "Optimization of EDM parameters using Taguchi method and Grey
Relational Analysis for mild steel is 2026" International Journal of Innovative Research in Science, Engineering and Technology
Vol.2, Issue 7,July2013.

Abstract: The purposes of this paper is to examine and overview the issue of workspace for efficient and safe working environment, also enhance the awareness of the ergonomics venture circumstances in relation of human and their nature of work which may occur in the power loom industry and to make recommendations for quality criteria in ergonomic interventions research. To avoid ambiguity in terminology a list of definitions of the ergonomic is highlighted. Based on the literature, the most significant ergonomics risk aspects are awkward posture in handling job task, force and repetition of specific movement including vibration and noise.

[1]. Yelin,E.H.,Trupin, L.S, and Sebesta, D.S.,(1999), Transitions in employment, morbidity and disable among persons aged 51 to 61 with musculosketal and non-musculosketal conditions in U.S., 1992-1994, Arthitis and Rheumatism, 42, 769-779
[2]. Praemer,A.,Furner,S.,and Rice,D.P.,1999, Musculosketal Conditions in the United States (Rosemont,IL: American Academy of Orthopedic Surgeons)
[3]. Te-Hsin, P & Kleiner, B.H. (2001). New developments concerning the occupational safety and health act. Journal of Managerial Law. Volume 43, No.1/2,138-146.
[4]. Tayyari, F & Smith, J.L. (1997).Occupational Ergonomics: Principles and applications. London: Chapman & Hall. (Chapter 1&19).
[5]. Lee K.S. Ergonomics in total quality management: How can we sell ergonomics to management? Journal of Ergonomics, Volume 48, No.5, 547-558.

Abstract: This study is an attempt to investigate the suitability of quarry dust as a partial replacement of coarse aggregates in concrete making. Samples of concrete cubes were made with varying proportions of quarry dust replacing the coarse aggregate. It was foreseen that the utilization of quarry dusts as partial replacement of coarse aggregates in concrete will be more beneficial due to the relative ease of inclusion that will be achieved as opposed to batching them separately as fine aggregates. Since they are produced from the production of coarse aggregates, they could, therefore, be better included, transported, and batched as coarse aggregates.This promises to be a more sustainable option, preserving the global natural resource base as well as save construction costs significantly.

[1]. Agbode, U.N. and Joel, G.K. (2001) Quarry Dust Concrete. Engineering Science and Technology: An International Journal (ESTIJ), Vol.2, No.8; pp 67-71
[2]. Akeem, A.R., Aliu, A.S., Emenike, A.J.(2013)Effect of Curing Methods on Density and Compressive Strength of Concrete. International Journal of Applied Science and Technology, Vol. 3 No. 4; pp 55-64
[3]. BS 1377; Part 2:1990. Methods for Test of Soils for Civil Engineering Purposes. British Standard Institute London, United Kingdom.
[4]. BS 1881; Part 3:1992. Methods for Determination of Density of Partially Compacted Semi-dry Fresh Concrete. British Standard Institute London, United Kingdom.
[5]. BS 8110; Part 1:1985. Methods of Curing, British Standard Institute London, United Kingdom.

Abstract: This work considered the height to span ratio (h/L) ratios that would give the most economical design for portal frames under different static loads. The equations for minimum depth for each section of the portal frame were first developed. These were used to formulate the equation for the volume of the frame. The volume of the frame was taken to be proportional to the cost of the portal frame. The usefulness or benefit of the frame was computed as the ratio of the frame's cross-sectional area to its perimeter. The economical height to span ratio (h/L) for any kind of load were the ratios that gave the least cost/benefit value. These values were found to depend on the ratio of the load to the grade of portal frame material w/σ and the thickness b of the portal frame.

Keywords: portal frames, frame cost.

[1]. Hibbeler, R. C. Structural Analysis. 6th ed. New Jersey: Pearson Prentice Hall; 2006
[2]. Raju K. , Advanced Reinforced Concrete Design, Delhi: CBS Publishers and Distributors Shahdara; 1990
[3]. Graham R, Alan P. Single Storey Buildings. In: Steel Designer's Manual 6th Ed. United Kingdom: Blackwell Science Ltd; 2007, p. 1-41
[4]. British Standards Institution Structural use of steelwork in building. Part 1: Code of practice for design in simple and continuous construction. BS 5959, London : BSI, 2000

Abstract: Rust preventive oils (RPO) plays vital role in rust protection of finished and in process products storage. Type of carriers used in the RPOs will have great impact on rust prevention period. The temporary rust protection oils isolate the metallic surfaces from the aggressive media such as moisture, salts and acids. In the present study, different types of RPOs and their behavior on rust protection of rolling bearings and its components is analyzed. Commercially available RPOs are compared based on type of carrier and its impact on rust protection duration in simulated lab conditions.

[1]. A. Ghanbarzadeh ∗, E. Akbarinezhad ‗Sulfonation of base oils as corrosion inhibitor for temporary protection of steel in atmospheric environment' Progress in Organic Coatings 56 (2006) 39–45
[2]. J. H. W. de Wi, D. H. van der Weijde, G. Ferrari ― Organic coating‖ 683 – 729 ―Corrosion Mechanisms in Theory and Practice‖ Second Edition, by Philippe Marcus
[3]. Giles J.P. Becket ―Corrosion: Causes and Cures‖ Jerry P. Byers ―Metalworking Fluids, Second Edition‖ 175 – 194.
[4]. A. Ghanbarzadeh ∗, E. Akbarinezhad ‗Sulfonation of base oils as corrosion inhibitor for temporary protection of steel in atmospheric environment' Progress in Organic Coatings 56 (2006) 39–45
[5]. Mayne, J. E. O., in Corrosion, Shreir, L. L., Ed., Butterworth, Boston, 1976, Vol. 2, pp. 15:24–15:37

Abstract: In this study, Canadian Seismic Screening Method for the evaluation of existing buildings was carried out in Ahlat located in Lake Van Basin which is seismically quite active. A fast and simple seismic risk assessment procedure is proposed for vulnerable urban building stocks. The main objective in the determination of building's earthquake safety is to enable giving the correct decisions on the existing building stock by conducting the necessary inspections and calculations on existing buildings in advance of a possible earthquake. There are rapid evaluation methods for this purpose. In this study, thirty-seven buildings have evaluated by Canadian Seismic Screening Method which are in Bitlis, Ahlat. Evaluation calculations have been done by taking examples from each street consisting urban building stocks of Ahlat.

[1]. Işık, E., Kaya, C., and T. Tapancı (2015). "Effects of Material Strength on Structural Performance for the Irregularity Structure", International Journal of Novel Research in Civil Structural and Earth Sciences, 2(2), p.23-28 [2]. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User:Cednel/Medieval_Muslim_cemetery_of_Ahlat
[3]. Işık, E. (2015). "Investigation of an Existing RC Building with Different Rapid Assessment Methods", Bitlis Eren University Journal of Science and Technology, 5(2), 71-74.
[4]. Foo, S., N. Naumoski, and M. Cheung. 2002. "Seismic Risk Reduction of Existing Buildings." Accessed July 2015. ftp://199.246.24.198/pub/SEISMIC/canada_taiwan_2002.pdf
[5]. NRRC ( National Research Council of Canada). 1993. Manual for Screening of Buildings for Seismic Investigation. Canadian Standard. Ottowa: National Research Council of Canada