iosr-JMCE   International Conference on Advances in Engineering & Technology – 2014 (ICAET-2014)

Abstract: In this paper we design and study of the five different joint pipes with same dimensions with different angles and shape. The vibration of pipes is studied here using the Ansys software and modelling in Solid edge software. The vibrational response is described numerically with the Finite element method (FEM).The problem is how to reduced the vibration in the pipe with same dimensions with different angles. The first pipe we considered as 60 cm and second one as 20 cm with zero, 15 degree and 45 degree. We concluded as the pipe design joint is good with which angle and size of the pipe joints. The joint of pipe is very important factor in chemical and as well as oil industries for supply the liquid and gas with very less time and fast. Here in this paper we find out which joint will be the best for the fast supply with low vibration.

Nabeel K. Investigation into the Vibration Characteristics and Stability of a Welded Pipe Conveying Fluid. JJMIE, 378 – 387 June, 2010 Neimark Yu.I., Golumov V.I., Kogan M.M., "Mathematical models in natural science and engineering ", Springer, Berlin, 2003. Reddy J.N. and Wang C.M., "Dynamics of fluid-conveying beams ", Centre of offshore research and engineering, National University of Singapore, August, 2004.

Abstract:Boiler tube failure is the prime reason of forced Outages at coal fired thermal power plants. With ever increasing demand for electricity, it is very necessary for the power plants to generate electricity without forced outages. This paper illustrates cause & effect analysis of boiler tube failures. The data pertaining to boiler tube failures for one of Thermal Power Plant in Maharashtra State of last ten years is referred. Out of total 144 failures, 43 failures are observed in Economiser zone. Economizer is the main part of the boiler in the furnace second pass. It is the medium for transportation of the feed water to boiler drum. It helps to increase the boiler efficiency. Economizer is placed in the flue gas path, to absorb the heat from the flue gas and increase the temperature of the feed water.

Steam: Its Generation and Use, The Babcock and Wilcox Company, Edition 41 The Nalco Guide to Boiler Failure Analysis, Nalco Chemical Company, Authored by Robert D. Port Harvey M. Herro, McGraw-Hill, Inc "Use of Cold Air Velocity Test (CAVT) to Locate Erosion Prone Zones in Pulverized Coal Fired Utility Boiler, P R Dhamangaonkar, S R Kajale, M R Nandgaonkar, Abhishek Deshmukh, Aditya Deshmukh, Swaroop Thakur, Proceedings of the World Congress on Engineering 2011 Vol III WCE 2011, July 6 - 8, 2011, London, U.K. B- Tech dissertation reports submitted by Mr. Chandrakant D. Moudekar Rajasthan University in year 2010-2011. Failure Analysis And Investigation Methods For Boiler Tube Failures Mehrooz Zamanzadeh, Edward S. Larkin, and George T. Bayer Matco Associates, Inc4640 Campbells Run Road Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15205

Abstract:The present study investigates the effect of magnetic field on the performance of single cylinder four stroke compression ignition engine. The study concentrates on the effect of magnetic field the engine performance parameters such as fuel consumption, break thermal efficiency and exhaust emissions and on fuel properties like density and calorific value. The magnetic field is applied along the fuel line. The magnetic field is applied with the help of strong permanent magnets of strength 5000 gauss. The experiments are conducted at different engine loading conditions. The exhaust gas emissions such as co, co2, hc and nox are measured by using an exhaust gas analyzer.

P. Govindasamy and s. Dhandapani,"experimental investigation of cyclic variation of combustion parameters in catalytically activated and magnetically energized two-stroke si engine". Journal of scientific and industrial research vol.66, 2007;pp-457-463.

Abstract: From the moment we are born, and throughout our lifetime, we fight a constant battle against a downward compressive force of nature the force known as gravity. Some negative effects of gravity effects on spine due to compression which causes back pain and many other problems related to spine such as Herniation of disc, Sciatica, Scoliosis etc. to overcome these, Inversion therapy and Zero gravity position concept can be used. Inversion therapy performs gravity traction on spine to shoot back pain likewise Zero gravity position neutralize gravity pressure on spine it gives many health benefits.

[1]. K. S. Manjunath Prasad1, Barbara A. Gregson2, Gerard Hargreaves3, Tiernan Byrnes2, Philip Winburn2 & A. David Mendelow2 .Inversion therapy in patients with pure single level lumbar discogenic disease: a pilot randomized trial . Disability & Rehabilitation, 2012; 34(17): 1473–1480 © 2012 Informa UK, Ltd. ISSN 0963-8288

Abstract:Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) made up of a great number of small and inexpensive sensor nodes powered by small batteries. As each sensor node has limited energy, these sensor nodes are send in sleep mode to save energy, this helps to increase the network lifetime. There are two key approaches for sleep scheduling of sensor nodes that are randomized and synchronized. Any Sleep scheduling scheme we are using should be ensure that data can always be routed from nodes to sink. In this paper, we propose a novel approach for sleep scheduling of sensor nodes using a tree and an energy aware routing protocol which is integrated with the proposed sleep scheduling scheme. In tree sink node act as root node and the nodes with higher energy acts as branch node and node with low energy acts as leaf node. The leaf nodes are put to sleep and branch node remains awake and the leaf nodes are made to sleep.

[1] L. Wang and Y. Xiao, "A survey of energy-efficient scheduling mechanisms in sensor networks," Mob. Netw. Appl., vol. 11, no. 5, pp. 723–740, 2006. [2] X. Hou and D. Tipper, "Gossip-based sleep protocol (gsp) for energy efficient routing in wireless ad hoc networks," in Wireless Communications and Networking Conference, 2004. WCNC, 2004 IEEE, vol. 3, March 2004, pp. 1305–1310 Vol.3 [3] J. Al-Karaki and A. Kamal, "Routing techniques in wireless sensor networks: a survey," Wireless Communications, IEEE, vol. 11, no. 6, pp. 6–28, Dec. 2004. [4] K. Akkaya and M. F. Younis, "A survey on routing protocols for wireless sensor networks," Ad Hoc Networks, vol. 3, no. 3, pp. 325–349, 2005.

Abstract:In India, it was found that ginning factories do not operate efficiently with regard to the labour force employed and the amount of capital invested. In order to make a more concrete evaluation of the cotton ginning sector, it is necessary to determine the structural characteristics of the factories, costs and profitability, the level of technical efficiency, and the most important, potential for improvement in the industry. Irregular feeding of Seed Cotton to ginning machine decreases the production rate of seed and fiber. It also affects the quality of the fiber and seed.

[1] Jadhav S.B. 2000, The study of the effect of design modification on ginning out turn and lint quality in double roller ginned lint. Thesis submitted to Mumbai University for award of Ph. D. CIRCOT, Mumbai. [2] Agrawal J. F., and R. D. Askhedkar. 1990. System Improvement of cotton monopoly scheme. Thesis submitted to the University of Nagpur for the degree of Master of Technology in Production, YCCE, Nagpur. [3] M. K. Sharma, President, Bajaj Steel Industries Ltd., Nagpur, India, The First International Conference on Science, Industry and Trade of Cotton, October 2-4, 2012 Gorgan, Iran [4] ANSI B29.1M-1993, Precision Power Transmission Roller Chains, Attachments, and Sprockets, American Society of Mechanical Engineers, New York, 1993.

Abstract: Increasing global concern due to air pollution and to the limited oil reserves has generate much interest in the environmental friendly fuels alternative to petroleum based fuels, in particular for the transport sector in which the energy consumption depends almost exclusively on fossil fuels. Alcohols are an attractive alternate fuel because they can be obtained from number of sources, both natural and manufactured. Methanol and Ethanol are two kinds of alcohol can be obtained from many sources both fossil and renewable these include coal, petroleum, natural gas, biomass, wood and fills and even the ocean. In this work we prepared different alcohol petrol blends and find out optimum petrol blend for S.I. Engine. Then find different performance parameters like brake power, brake specific fuel consumption, torque, thermal efficiency for four stroke engine by using different blends. From that we find which is best possible blend that can be used in Four Stroke Spark Ignition Engine.

1] Ambarish Datta, Achin Kumar Chowdhuri, Bijan Kumar Mandal,,Experimental Study on the Performances of Spark Ignition Engine
with Alcohol-Gasoline Blends as Fuel, Vol. 2 No. 1, 2012
[2] Ibrahim Thamer Nazzal ,Experimental Study of Gasoline –Alcohol Blends on Performance of Internal Combustion Engine,, European
Journal of Scientific Research ,Vol.52 No.1 , 2011,.16-22
[3] M.V. Mallikarjun and Venkata Ramesh Mamilla , Experimental Study of Exhaust Emissions & Performance Analysis of Multi Cylinder
S.I.Engine when Methanol Used as an Additive,.International Journal of Electronic Engineering Research Volume 1 Number 3 ,2009. 201–
212
[4] Simona Silvia Merola,Cinzia Tornatore, Luca Marchitto, Gerardo Valentino and Felice Esposito Corcione Merola, Experimental
investigations of butanol-gasoline blends effects on the combustion process in a SI engine by et al. International Journal of Energy and
Environmental Engineering 2012

Abstract: This paper studies the solution methods of optimal synthesis of a Path Generator Linkage using Non – Conventional Approach. The method is defined by using Harmony Search Method and a common kind of goal function which is used to find the appropriate dimension and to minimize the error and find the best mechanism with accurate Solution. The possibility of extending is the advantage of this method. Unlike others we do not consider input angle as design variable, because in those cases when many precision points are available, computation will increase without having exact solution. So we divided the path to some section and find minimum error between desired points and design points. Using this method, we can easily decrease the path error and processing time.

Optimal Synthesis of Planar Mechanisms with PSO Algorithms Author: 1)S.Alinia 2)M.Ghadimi 3) H.D Kaliji Journal: World Applied sciences Journal18 (2):268-273, 2012 Objective: This Paper studies the solution methods of optimal synthesis of planer mechanism. The method defined by using PSO Technique and a common kind of goal function which is used to find the appropriate dimensions and to minimize the error and find the best mechanism with accurate solution.

Abstract: In this research paper, we are focusing on automobile thief evidence giving and recovery of stolen vehicles. The main purpose of this paper is to introduce new system i.e. automatic thief evidence giving system in automobile. In this system we are using IR (Infrared) pair. Transmitter of IR pair is placed at driver's seat and receiver is placed on speedometer in such a way that they will correspond to each other. Whenever person sits on driving seat and starts the car, power supply automatically will get to the circuit mounted inside the car and circuit gets started. As circuit is on, light emitted by transmitter will not be received by receiver mounted in circuit on speedometer, as the person is sitting on driving seat, therefore it creates barrier between transmitter and receiver.

[1]. B. Hillmer et al.," Aerodynamic and Structural Design of Multi MW Wind Turbine Blades beyond 5MW", Journal of Physics: Conference Series 75 (2007) 012002. [2]. Ragheb, M. "Vertical Axis Wind Turbines." University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. 1 Aug. (2011). Web. 7 Dec. 2011. [3]. Riegler, Hannes. "HAWT versus VAWT: Small VAWTs find a clear niche." July/August 2003. [4]. Eriksson, Sandra, Hans Bernhoff, and Mats Leijon. "Evaluation of different turbine concepts for wind power." Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 1224 May (2006). Science Direct. Web. 9 Dec. 2011. [5]. Islam, Mazharul, "Fixed Pitch Straight-Bladed Vertical Axis Wind Turbine: Design Challenges and Prospective Applications," Virginia Tech University, 2006, http://www.ari.vt.edu/wind-egypt/files [6]. Z.L. Mahri, M.S. Rouabah, "Calculation of dynamic stresses using finite element method and prediction of fatigue failure for wind turbine rotor" Wseas Transactions On Applied And Theoretical Mechanics, Issue 1, Volume 3, January 2008

Abstract: This paper describes the designing of an indigenously developed, extremely affordable prosthetic finger for index finger amputees. We discuss the simple mechanism that is used to attain functionality for the prosthetic finger (flexion & extension) which increases the efficiency of the design. This device can be used to perform basic functions such as grasping, holding and other vital day to day tasks. The device has been designed in accordance with the requirements arising in developing countries. We also show the results achieved using this device and discuss further improvising providing food for thought.

Erin Strait "Prosthetics in developing countries". Paper : Zhe Xu, Vikash Kumar, Yoky Matsuoka and Emanuel Todorov "Design of an Anthropomorphic Robotic Finger System with Anthropomorphic Joints" in Biomedical Robotics and Biomechatronics (BioRob), 2012 4th IEEE RAS & EMBS International Conference.

Abstract: This paper includes a design of MAV (Micro Aerial Vehicle) named, 'SARAS-THE CRAZY-M' which can be used for surveillance. With technologies for MAVs improving at a rapid rate, the interest in MAVs has grown significantly in recent years. It is of very small area having wing span about 450 mm with a cruise speed of 17 m/s flying with an endurance of about 30 min having attachable module structure. This report include a preliminary design process and complete analysis over a designed model by using design software such as CATIA,XFLR5& ANSYS along with analytical calculacation.

Przemyslaw Marek and Ladislav Smrcek , "Development of Dart Mav- fixed wing hover-capable micro aerial vehicle", http://prism2.mem.drexel.edu/~billgreen/Bibliography/marekAedc2006.pdf Hai Yang Chao, Yong Can Cao, and Yang Quan Chen," Autopilots for Small Unmanned Aerial Vehicles: A Survey",
http://www.springer.com/12555 McMichael, J. M., Francis, M. S., "MicroAir Vehicles – Towards a New Dimension in Flight",
http://www.fas.org/irp/program/collect/docs/mav_auvsi.htm
XFLR5 technical note: http://www.xflr5.com/xflr5.htm

Abstract: As researchers have begun to explore the various challenges related to building exoskeletons, which was once a science fiction, it has today progressed to be a part of the commercialized product family. In this review paper we touch upon the history of exoskeletons, their design and development, the future of exoskeletons and how they can become a part of our day to day life. This paper provides a brief overview on exoskeleton design, control mechanism and challenges, thereby bringing food for thought and throwing light on the future of exoskeletons.

Edward S. Ellis, The Steam Man of the Prairies (1868). R. A. Heinlein, Starship Troopers. New York: Putnam, 1959. N. Yagn, "Apparatus for facilitating walking, running, and jumping,"U.S. Patents 420 179 and 438 830, 1890 K. E. Gilbert and P. C. Callan, "Hardiman I prototype," General Electric Company, Schenectady, NY, GE Tech. Rep. S-68-1081, 1968. B. R. Fick and J. B. Makinson, "Hardiman I prototype for machine augmentation of human strength and endurance: Final report," General Electric Company, Schenectady, NY, GE Tech. Rep. S-71-1056, 1971. N. J. Mizen, "Powered exoskeletal apparatus for amplifying human strength in response to normal body movements," U.S. Patent 3 449 769, 1969.

Abstract: Automation is a step beyond mechanisation, to increase productivity and to improve the quality. Automated manufacturing systems operate in the factory on the physical product to perform operations such as processing, assembly, inspection, or material handling and sometimes accomplishing more than one of these operations in the same system. One of the strategies for the automation is combination of operations which involves, reducing the number of distinct production machines or workstations through which the part must be routed. This is accomplished by performing more than one operation at a given machine, thereby reducing the number of separate machines needed. Some of the combination of operations performed on one system like processing and assembly, processing and material handling, assembly and material handling, material handling and inspection is done in recent past. But very little work is done on combination of operations such as processing and inspection on same system. This paper addresses combination of operations like deburring and inspection on same system.

[1] Naoki Asakawaa, Kenji Todab, Yoshimi Takeuchic,"Automation Of Deburring by an Industrial Robot for the Case of Hole on a Free Curved Surface", Journal Of Robotics and Computer-Integrated Manufacturing, 379-385, 2002 [2] Prabhakar R. Pagilla, "Robotic Surface Finishing Processes: Modeling, Control, and Experiments", Journal of Dynamic Systems, Measurement, and Control,Vol.123,NO-23,MARCH 2001. [3] Naoki Asakawa, Hidetake Tanaka, "High-Accuracy and Low-Cost Deburring System By a Material-Handling Robot", International Journal of Automation Technology,Vol.3, No.4, 2009. [4] Nirosh Jayaweera, Phill Webb," Measurement Assisted Automated Robotic Edge Deburring of Complex Components", Journal on Recent Advances in Signal Processing Robotics and Automation. [5] H. Kazerooni, J.J. Bausch, B.M. Kramer, "An Approach to Automated Deburring By Robot Manipulators", Journal of dynamic system measurement and control, vol.108-1986. [6] H. Kazerooni, "Robitic Deburring of Two-dimensional Parts with Unknown Geometry". [7] Feng-Yi Hsu and Li-chen Fu, "Intelligent Robot Deburring Using Adaptive Fuzzy Hybrid Position/Force Control", Journal of robotics and automation, 2000.

Abstract: Compact heat exchanger i.e. round tube plate heat exchangers are commonly employed in vapour compression refrigeration system to exchange heat between refrigerant to environment. A well designed, highly effective air cooled condenser can help to save energy and material cost. Now days, material cost is one of the important issues that should be consider during condenser design. The analytical study was carried out on air cooled condenser of a chiller by using R134a. This paper presents the improvement and development of heat transfer that occurs in the condenser by changing the coil material and also predicts the thermal performance of the condenser. Aluminum is chosen as our material due to cheap, corrosion resistant and good machinability.

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Abstract: Productivity may be defined as the ratio of the output produced to the input resources utilized in the production. It can be defined in another way "total productivity is the ratio of the aggregate output to the aggregate input. Basic objectives behind the productivity measurement are - (A) To study the performance of a system overtime (B) To attain the relative comparison of different systems for a given level (C) To compare the actual productivity of a system with its planned productivity, 1.1Purpose of increasing productivity – (A) For Management-

Productivity may be defined as the ratio of the output produced to the input resources utilized in the production. It can be defined in another way "total productivity is the ratio of the aggregate output to the aggregate input. Basic objectives behind the productivity measurement are - (A) To study the performance of a system overtime (B) To attain the relative comparison of different systems for a given level (C) To compare the actual productivity of a system with its planned productivity, 1.1Purpose of increasing productivity – (A) For Management-