Volume-10 ~ Issue-1 ~ January-2017

Abstract: The objective of this study was to evaluate the physico-chemical quality of the Aghien lagoon in view of its consomptions as drinking water. The physico-chemical parameters were measured and water sampling were carried out monthly from June 2014 to May 2015 in eleven (11) sites well defined around Aghien lagoon. The parameters were determined using standard methods as defined by the French Association of Standardization (AFNOR). The Seasonal values of temperature, pH, turbidity, electrical conductivity, percentage dissolved oxygen and TSS in Water,falls to the following 26.31-29.76 °C; 6.95-8.03; 16.74-41.05 NTU; 63.15-109.11 μS/Cm; 63.91-100.21% and 8-31.18 mg/L respectively...........
Keywords: Physico-chemical parameters, Typology, Water resources, Aghien Lagoon,

[1]. Berton Y.O: L'approvisionnement en eau des populations rurales au Congo-Brazzaville Cahier d'Outre-Mer p. 7-30. 2010.
[2]. Dufour J: L'eau douce se raréfie : Un bilan hydrique mondial. Conflits ou coopération?http://www.mondialisation.ca/leau-douce-se-rarefie-un-bilan-hydrique-mondial-conflits-ou-cooperation/5448276?print=1 consulté le 9 01 2017.2015.
[3]. OMS: La santé et les services d'approvisionnement en eau de boisson salubre et d'assainissementde base, http://www.who.int/water_sanitation_health/mdg1/fr/. Consulté le 17 janvier 2015. p 1. 2015.
[4]. WWAP(Programme mondial pour l'évaluation des ressources en eau): Rapport mondial des Nations Unies.2016
[5]. Bertola M: Ressources : la Terre va-t-elle manquer d'eau douce? Science actualité.fr consulté le 9 01 2017.www.cite-sciences.fr/archives/science-actualites. le 02/10/2003

Abstract: This paper presents the feasibility of removal of Basic dye (Congo Red) from aqueous solutions by using a low cost PAC-MnO2-NC. Batch adsorption experiments were carried out as a function of pH, contact time, initial concentration of the adsorbate, adsorbent dosage and temperature. Pseudo first order, Pseudo second order, intra-particle diffusion model and Elovich kinetic models were studied. Thermodynamic parameters such as ΔH ̊, ΔS ̊, and ΔG ̊ were also calculated.
Keywords: Congo Red, PAC-MnO2-NC, Kinetics.

[1]. W.C., Tincher, Enhanced Rates of photocatalytic Degradation of an Azo Dye using SnO2/ Ti O2 Coupled semiconductor Thin flims. Text Chem color. 21, 1989, 33.
[2]. M.T.,Yagub, T.K.,Sen, H.M.,Ang, Equilibirium, kinetics and thermodynamics of methylene blue adsorption by Pine tree leaves. Water, Air, Soil Pollution, 223, 2012, 5267-5282.
[3]. V.,Gupta, V.,Suhas, Application of low-cost adsorbent for dye removal: a review. J.Environ.Manage. 90, 2009, 2313-2342.
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Abstract: Cellulose nanofibers were separated from banana peel by pretreatment, chemical treatment, mechanical treatment and disintegration methods like sonication, cryo crushing and dissolution. Further, cellulose nanofibers were treated with acetic acid and acetic anhydride in presence of pyridine. The obtained cellulose fibers was characterized by Fourier Transformation Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR) and confirm the presence of OH, C-H bond and C-O-C groups in the synthesized Banana Peel Cellulose Nanofibers (BCNF) and presence of OH, C-H, C-O-C and CH3CO in the Acetylated Banana Peel Cellulose Nanofibers (Acetylated BCNF)............
Keywords: Banana Peel, BCNF, Acetylated BCNF, FT-IR, FESEM,TEM, XRD and AFM.

[1]. R.J. Moon, A. Martini, J. Nairn, J. Simonsen, J. Youngblood, Cellulose nanomaterials review: structure: properties and nanocomposites, Chemical Society Reviews, 40, 3941 (2011).
[2]. Y. Habibi, L.A. Lucia, O.J. Rojas, Cellulose nanocrystals: chemistry, self-assembly, and applications, Chemical Reviews 3479, (2010).
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[4]. S.R. Forrest, Nature, 428, 911 (2004).
[5]. R .H. Reuss, , B. R. Chalamala, A. Moussessian, , M. G. Kane, A. Kumar, D. C. Zhang, J. A. Rogers, M. Hatalis, D. Temple, G.Moddel, B. J. Eliasson, M. J. Estes, J. Kunze ,E. S. Handy, E. S. Harmon, D. B. Sa lzman J. M.Woodall, M. A. Alam, J. Y. Murthy, S. C. Jacobsen, M. Olivier, D. Markus P. M. Campbell and E. Snow, Proc.IEEE. 93, 1239 (2005).

Abstract: Oxidation of L-isoleucine and L-valine by PCC was studied in the presence of perchloric acid in DMF- H2O medium at 40⁰C. The kinetics of the reaction was followed spectrophotometrically at λ max = 354 nm. The reaction is unit dependence on each of PCC, [H+] and [substrate]. Michaelis-Menten type kinetics was observed with different amino acid. The reactions were studied at different temperature [25, 30, 35, 40, 45,50⁰C] and activation parameters were computed. The effect of dielectric constant of the medium on the rate was studied. A mechanism consistent with the observed results has been proposed.
Keywords: Oxidation of L-isoleucine, L-valine, PCC, Michaelis-Menten, Spectrophotometrically.

[1]. B.S. Berlett and E.R. Stadtman, J. Biol. Chem., 272, 20313(1997).
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Abstract: A rapid, simple and selective spectrophotometric method was developed for the determination of mercury (II) by using reagent, Pyridine-2-carboxaldehyde 2-hydroxybenzoylhydrazone (PAHB). The reagent is highly selective and sensitive and it forms yellow coloured complex with mercury (II) having composition 1:2 (M:L) in alkaline pH range. Absorption of coloured complex in toluene is measured with reagent as blank at ƛmax 385 nm. The beers law is obeyed in concentration range from 0.5-5.8 ppm for mercury (II)- Pyridine-2-carboxaldehyde 2-hydroxybenzoylhydrazone complex and it was evaluated from Ringboms plot. Molar absorptivity and Sandells.........
Keywords: Mercury, solvent extraction, Pyridine-2-carboxaldehyde 2-hydroxybenzoylhydrazone, Pharmaceuticals, Ayurvedic sample analysis

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Abstract: The quality of drinking water in some of the northern suburb communities of Khartoum North, Sudan was investigated with respect to electrical conductivity (EC), total dissolved salts (TDS), pH, major ions (Ca+2, Mg+2, Na+, K+, SO4-2, NO3-,HCO3-, Cl-) and total iron, beside coliform bacteria (E.coli and streptococci) as an indicators of fecal contamination. The results obtained revealed that 20% of the samples were above the maximum limit of both 1.6dSm-1 and 1000mgl-1set by SSMO and WHO for EC and TDS, respectively. About 25% of the samples exceeded the maximum limit..........
Keywords: Water quality, contamination, major ions, coliform, standards.

[1]. Abdellah A.M., (2011). Assessment of the Drinking Water Quality in Some Wells in Al-Butana Region of Sudan, PhD thesis, Department of Soil and Environment Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Khartoum, Sudan.
[2]. Abdellah A.M., Abdel-Magid H.M and Yahia N.A. (2012a). Assessment of Groundwater Quality in the Al-Butana Region of Sudan. Journal of Applied Sciences, 12(1): 64 -70, 2012.
[3]. Abdellah A.M., Abdel-Magid H.M and Yahia N.A.(2012b). Assessment of Drinking Water Microbial Contamination in the Al-Butana Region of Sudan. Journal of Applied Sciences, 12(9): 856-862, 2012.
[4]. Abdellah A.M., Abdel-Magid H.M and Yahia N.A. (2013). Previous and Current Status of Groundwater Salinity in East of Blue Nile Communities of Sudan. Greener Journal of Environment Management and Public Safety, 2(1): 40-50.
[5]. Abdellah A.M., Abdel-Magid H.M., El-Tingari M.M.B. and Adam F.A. (2014). Assessment of drinking water quality in Grand Khartoum City, Khartoum State, Sudan. J. Atoms and Molecules, 4(1): 645-655.

Abstract: This work reports the concentrations of heavy metals ( Zn, Cu, Pb, Cd, Fe and Ni) in the head, muscle and tail of two species of fish; Clarias gariepinus (catfish) and Oreochromis niloticus (Tilapia fish) obtained from Kwalkwalawa River along Dundaye village, Sokoto State. The analysis was done using Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS). The results of this analysis reported that there were high level of the analyzed metals (Zn; 71.60 mg/kg, Cu; 21.10 mg/kg, Pb; 24.10 mg/kg, Cd; 1.50 mg/kg, Fe; 46.60 mg/kg and Ni; 2.60 mg/kg) in Clarias gariepinus and (Zn; 58.80 mg/kg, Pb; 16.40 mg/kg, Cu; 17.40 mg/kg, Fe; 39.60 mg/kg, Cd; 1.30 mg/kg and Ni; 1.50 mg/kg) in Oreochromis niloticus sample compared to the World Health Organization (WHO) standard. Hence, the fish obtained from this river may therefore be not safe for consumption.
Keywords: Clarias gariepinus, Oreochromis niloticus, Kwalkwalawa River, Heavy metals.

[1]. Abida, B., HariKrishna S. and Irfanulla K. (2009), Analysis of heavy metals in water and Sediments samples of Madivala Lakes of Bangalore, Karnataka International Journal of ChemTech Research, 1(2): 245-249.
[2]. Adewumi, D. F., Daniyan I. A., Adeodu A. O., (2014). Determination of heavy metals in water, fish and soil samples from Antau River in Keffi, Nasarawa State, Nigeria. J. Chem Soc. Nigeria Vol. 18 pp 57-60.
[3]. Eneji, I.S., Rufus, S., Annune, P.A. (2011). Bioaccumulation of heavy metals in fish (Tilapia Zilli and Claria gariepinus) organs from River Benue. Pak. J. Anal. Environ. Chem. 12(1) 25-31.
[4]. Enkeleda, Luljeta D, Jetmira A, Muhamet Z, Imer H, Dariana B, Fatgzim L.C., Heavy metals in fish for public consumption an consumer protection, Natura Montenegrina, Podogorica. 9(3): 843-851. Accessed 7 July 2013 Available: http://www.pmcg.come/nm9/Ozun,%20et%20a%20ISEM4.pdf
[5]. Indrajit Sen, Ajayi Shandil and V. S. Shriastava, (2011). Study of Determination of Heavy metals in fish species of the River Yamuna (Delhi) by inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES). Advances in Applied Science research, 161-166

Abstract: The novel carbazole based diol monomer has been synthesized by the reaction of N-ethyl carbazole-3, 6-dicarboxylic acid with propene oxide in the solvent medium of DMF. The novel polyurethane has been synthesized by the reaction of diol monomer with toluene diisocyanate in toluene. The monomer and the polymer have been characterized by IR, UV and NMR spectroscopy. The novel polyurethane has good photoconducting properties. The polymer can be doped with TNF or crystal violet and can be studied dark conductivity and photoconductivity under illumination of different voltages and different intensities. Moveover the polymer can be used to prepare polyurethane foam.
Keywords: 3, 6-diacetyl-N-ethyl carbazole, N-ethyl carbazole- 3, 6-dicarboxylic acid, Diol monomer, polyurethane, polyaddition reaction.

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Abstract: Up-regulation of bilirubin and lactate dehydrogenase in blood serum due to lead poisoning has been correlated to many adverse health impacts. Traffic policemen and petrol station workers are more likely affected by air lead pollution. This study was conducted to determine blood lead, bilirubin and lactate dehydrogenase levels in traffic policemen and petrol station workers, beside determination of some medical complications due to lead toxicity. A total of 150 subjects were randomly selected from different cities of Sudan, in which 100 samples taken as exposed group and 50 as un-exposed (control). Blood lead concentration was determined by using atomic absorption spectrometer.............
Keywords: Traffic policemen, lead pollution, traffic police, bilirubin, lactate dehydrogenase

[1]. Agha, F., Sadaruddin, A. and, Naz Khatoon. (2005). Effect of Environmental lead pollution on Blood Lead Levels in Traffic Police Constables in Islamabad, Pakistan J Pak Med Assoc, 55(10): 410-413.

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[4]. Bravo Y, Quiroz Y, Ferrebuz A, Vaziri N D, Rodriguez- Iturbe B (2007). Mycophenolate mofetil administration reduces renal inflammation, oxidative stress, and arterial pressure in rats with lead induced hypertension. Am. J. Renal. Physiol.; 293 (2): 616-23.

[5]. Cairney, S., Maruff, P., Burns, C.B., Currie, J., Currie, B.J. (2004). Neurological cerebellum of newborn rats. Food Chem Toxicol. (7):2303-10.

Abstract: The paper here describes the source from which materials used in this investigation have been procured. The details of preparation and characterisation of certain starting materials commercially not available to the author are given. A brief description of various physiochemical methods employed for the characterisation and determination of the structure of the synthesized compound is presented as follows.

Keywords: propyl and butyl alcohol, stock solutions, chelates

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