IOSR-JAP   Volume-8 ~ Issue-5 ~ Sep-Oct 2016

ABSTRACT: There is one common point on which each astrophysicist believe strongly that most of the contained of our universe is dark and non baryonic. In cultivating recent results it is believe that promising candidates by whom the dark matter is made up are Weakly Interacting Massive Particles (supersymmetric candidate Neutralino) and Axions. A new model is proposed in which Planckian Interacting Massive Particles (PIDMs) are proposed to be the promising dark matter candidates [1]. In this paper we are analyzing the PIDMs with WIMPs to get relic abundance by both of models.

Keyword: Dark Matter, Gravitational Interaction.

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ABSTRACT: In this work, Maxwell equations used to find the effect of polarity and conductivity effect probability of electromagnetic wave when passing the matter. The wavelength and intensity of the incident electromagnetic wave decrease in side the matter due to polarity and conductivity of the matter. We find that, part of the intensity loss as electric current inside the matter. In addition, lasing can be done due to electric oscillate between electrons and nuclei in an atoms when, the electromagnetic wave passing the matter. In this research also, the conditions of occurrence of the emission of a laser requires that depends on the wavelength and the permeability and conductivity was found.

Keywords: Maxwell equations, wavelength, photons, lasing, pointing vector.

[1]. U. Vogt, R. Frueke, T. Wilhein, H. Stollberg, P. A. C. Jansson, H. M. Hertz, Appl. Phys. B 78, 53-58, 2004.High-resolution Spatial
Characterization of Laser Produced Plasmas at Soft X-ray Wavelength.
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Wave Driven by Radiation Transport in a Short-Pulse Laser-Produced Plasma
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ABSTRACT: This short paper is to point out the flawed conclusion drawn on the clocks experiment, performed at the NIST Lab in USA, with rather far reaching implications of toppling Einstein's General Theory of Relativity.

Keywords:Clocks, Einstein, Experiment, Labs , Nist.

[1]. Einstein's General Relativity Einstein, Albert (1916). "The Foundation of the General Theory of Relativity" (PDF).
Annalen der Physik 354 (7): 769. Bibcode:1916AnP...354..769E.doi:10.1002/andp.19163540702
[2]. Nist Lab Experiment : https://www.nist.gov/news-events/news/2010/09/nist-pair-aluminum- atomic-clocks-reveal-einsteins-relativity-personal-scale

ABSTRACT: Sulfide based phosphors....................

Keywords: phosphors; sulfide..........

[1].VinayKumar, ShreyasS.Pitale,,VarunnMishra, I.M.Nagpure,M.M.Biggs, O.M.Ntwaeaborwa, H..C..Swartt .J..Alloys Compd. 492 (2010) L008

ABSTRACT: The Nanopowders of Zn, Ni, and Mn doped CoFe2O4 nanopowders via sol-gel method processing at pH of 10.3. The synthesized nanopowders are annealed at 700°C for 2 hrs. The average crystallite size was investigated by using Debye-Scherrer's formula and it was found in the values of 48.35 and 20.93 nm, 45.77 and 8.51 nm and 49.45 and 43.74 nm from the XRD patterns of Zn, Ni and Mn (1 % and 10 %) doped CoFe2O4 nanoparticles respectively. SEM measurements have revealed that the nanoparticles exhibit large grain structures having different morphology with soft agglomerations.........

Keywords: Nanoparticles, Magnetic Properties, Vibrating Sample Magnetometer, FT-IR, Sol-gel.

[1]. Sugimoto, M., "The, past present and future of ferrites", J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 82 (1999) 269-80.
[2]. Giri, A. K., Kirkpatrick, E. M., Moongkhamklang, P., Majetich, S. A., "Photo magnetism and structure in cobalt ferrite nanoparticles", Appl. Phys. Lett. 80 (2002) 2341.
[3]. Mathew, T., Shylesh, S., Devassy, B. M., Vijayaraj, M., Satyanarayana, C. V. V., Rao, B. S., Gopinath, C. S., "selective production of orthoalkyl phenols on Cu0.5Co0.5Fe2O4 a study of catalysis and characterization", Appl. Catal. A-Gen. 35 (2004) 273.

ABSTRACT: Electromagnetic waves consist of electric and magnetic fields, which travel / propagate through vacuum. Radio waves are a type of electromagnetic radiation that travel at the speed of light. They carry signals for television and cellular phones. Albino mice were exposed to short wave radiofrequencies around a global satellite mobile (GSM) communication system base station at 0, 25 and 50 m in residential quarters in Ilishan-Remo for five weeks. This is with the objective of determining the effects of radiofrequencies on the haematological parameters of the mice...........

Keywords: Electromagnetic, Radiation, Radiofrequencies, Haematological parameters, Blood cells (WRC & RBC)

[1]. Bain, B. J., Bates, I., Laffan, M. A. & Lewis, M. S. (2011),Dacie& Lewis Practical Hematology, 11thed, Churchill Livingstone, Elsevier Limited, Edinburg, pp. 326-328. ISBN-13: 9780702034084
[2]. Bain, B. J., Bates, I., & Laffan, M. A.(2016), Dacie& Lewis Practical Hematology, 12thed, Churchill Livingstone, Elsevier Limited, Edinburg, pp. 438-440.
[3]. Cole, P. H. (2010),Electromagnetic Theory – A simple introduction, McGraw - Hill companies, Inc. U. S. A., pp. 55 - 65
[4]. Douglas C. Giancoli (2015),Physics: Principles with Application, 6th ed. Pearson Publishers, 839 – 843, ISBN-13: 9781292057125
[5]. Eugene, B., Stephen, L., Anthony, S., Dan, L., Dennis, K. Lorry, J. (2015), Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine. 19th edition McGraw - Hill companies, Inc. U. S. A. Vol. 2. P. 2585 - 2589.

ABSTRACT: The paper presents a theoretical model for terahertz (THz) radiation generation at the difference frequency of two waves namely x-mode laser and upper hybrid wave (UHW). By considering relativistic nonlinearity, filamentation (self focusing) of x-mode laser propagating perpendicular to the direction of ambient magnetic field in plasma is first investigated. This resulting localized beam interacts with the UHW to produce a nonlinear current at the THz frequency range...........

Keywords: THz radiation; Self-focusing, relativistic nonlinearity; Plasma waves; magnetized plasma

[1] B Ferguson and X. C. Zhang, Nat. Mater., 1, 26 (2002).
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[3] H. Zheng, A. Redo-Sanchez, and X. C. Zhang, Opt. Express 14, 9130 (2006).
[4] W. P. Leemans, J. van Tilborg, J. Faure, C. G. R. Geddes, C Toth., C. B. Schroeder, E. Esarey and G. Fubiani, Phys. Plasmas, 11,
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ABSTRACT: In this work, CdO - doped TiO2 thin films with different concentrations (0.0%,0.1% , 0.3%, 0.5% and 1%) have been prepared by pulse laser deposition method on glass substrates and annealed in air at 500º K. The effects of CdO-doping on the optical properties of the TiO2 thin films were studied by UV–visible spectroscopy. The prepared films were characterized by X-ray diffraction. The XRD pattern of the films show a polycrystalline film, with tetragonal structure for TiO2...........

Keywords: Optical properties; CdO thin films; PLD, XRD analysis, doped thin films

[1] H. M. Christen, G. Eres, J. Phys.: Condens. Matter 20 (2008) 264
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ABSTRACT: In this work, Silver Ag doped nanocrystalline titanium dioxide TiO2 films deposited with different concentration of (TiO2)1-x(Ag)x of x= (0, 0.01, 0.02, 0.03, 0.04 and 0.05) Wt. on glass substrates were prepared by pulsed laser deposition (PLD) method, using pulsed Nd-YAG laser with wavelength (λ=1064 nm) and duration (9ns) and energy (700 mJ).The research has been including the study of optical properties through measuring the specters of absorbance and transmittance of the wavelength range (320-1100)nm. The results have been showed that the films have high transmittance for..........

Keywords: Optical properties, silver, titanium dioxide films, PLD.

[1] N. T. Nolan, D. W. Synnott, M. K. Seery, S. J. Hinder, A. V. Wassenhoven, S. C. Pillai, Effect of N-doping on the photocatalytic activity of sol-gel TiO2, Journal of Hazardous Materials, Vol. [211-212], (2011), 88-94.
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[3] A. Abazarpoor, M. Halali, M. Maarefvand, H. Khatibnczhad, Application of Response Surface Methodology and Central Composite Rotatable Design for Modeling and Optimization of Sulfuric Leaching of Rutile Containing Slag and Ilmenite, Russian Journal of Non-Ferrous Metals, Vol. [54], 5, (2013), 388-397.
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[5] HediyehKhatibnezhad, Mohammad Ali FaghihiSani and YaldaNamkhah, Effect of N-doping on the optical properties of Titanium dioxide thin film, Journal of The Australian Ceramic Society Volume 52[1], 2016, 112 – 117.

ABSTRACT: The solar radiation is the fundamental source of energy that drives the Earth's climate and sustains life. The variability of this output certainly affects our planet. In the last two decades an enormous advance in the understanding of the variability of the solar irradiance has been achieved. Due to high need of solar power generation and inadequate solar radiation data, the prediction of the incoming solar energy is receiving more attention. Measured solar irradiances are sourced from six different locations through the Centre for Atmospheric Research, National Space Research............

[1] Akinbode, F. (1992). Solar Radiation in Minna: Correlation with Meteorological Data. Nigerian Journal of Renewable Energy, 3(1), 9–17.
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[3] Chiemeka, I. U. (2008). Estimation of solar radiation at Uturu , Nigeria. International Journal of Physical Sciences, 3(5), 126–130.
[4] Huang J., Troccoli A., and Coppin P. (2014). An analytical comparison of four approaches to modelling the daily variability of solar irradiance using meteorological records. Renewable Energy, 72, 195–202. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2014.07.015
[5] Ibeh G.F, Agbo G. A. and Rabia S. (2012). Application of artificial neural network and Angstom-Prescot tmodels in prediction of global radiation of Uyo, Nigeria, with atmospheric parameters. Advances in Applied Science Research, 3(1), 619–624.

ABSTRACT: Zinc Sulfide nanostructure was successfully deposited on glass substrates by spray pyrolysis method. The films were grown at substrate temperatures in 300°C. The structural and optical properties were studied. The XRD profiles showed that the films are polycrystalline with cubic structure grown preferentially along the (111) axis. Atomic force microscopy shows that the grain size for film was 38.78 nm. The optical studies exhibit direct allowed transition. Energy band gap was 4.0 eV. The refractive index was estimated within the visible wavelength at 500 nm, it was 1.238. The photoluminescence spectra of the powder showed two peaks centered on 360 nm and 485 nm.

Keywords: ZnS films, Spray pyrolysis, Substrate temperature, XRD, and Optical properties

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ABSTRACT: In this project, poly vinyl alcohol (PVA) polymer is used to prepare CdS/PVA nanocomposites via chemical deposition method. The samples were prepared using cadmium chloride CdCl2 as cadmium ions source while thiourea was used as a sulphur ions source and the yellow obtained precipitations too, which form PVA capped CdS nanoparticles.. CdS/PVA nanocomposites samples were prepared by changing the molar concentration of thiourea of (5, 10, 15 mmolar).............

Keywords: CdS, PVA, Chemical Path Deposition, XRD , AFM

[1] Koo, H.J. (2006) Polymer nanocomposites processing characterization and applications. USA: In: McGraw Hill.
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ABSTRACT: The Co/TiO2 multilayer thin films were prepared by e-beam evaporation on glass substrate. Each film was consisting of three alternative bi-layer of Co and TiO2 and the top layer of the films were TiO2. Films were annealed in open air at different temperatures. Temperature dependence of conductivity was measured for all the samples. It was observed that conductivity was found to increase with temperature. The conductivity of as-deposited film was higher than the conductivity of annealed film. Thickness dependence of conductivity was also studied............

Keywords - Transparent magnetic oxides, Diluted magnetic semiconductor, Co, TiO2, Interdiffusion.

[1] M.BaghaieYazdi, M.-L. Goyallon,T.Bitsch, A. Kastner, M. Schlott, L. Alff, Thin Solid Films, 519, 2531 (2011).
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ABSTRACT: Polypyrrole and polypyrrole/copper zinc iron oxide (CuZnFe2O4) nanocomposites are synthesized by in-situ polymerisation in different weight percentages using oxidation method. Dielectric and conductivity behaviours of Polymer nanocomposites of various composition were investigated using impedance spectroscopy at different temperatures and frequencies (100 Hz–5 MHz). The dielectric properties of host polymer matrix have been improved by the addition of nanoparticles and are found to be highly temperature dependent. Both Dielectric constant and Dielectric loss decreased with increase in frequency for all composites, indicating a normal behaviour of dielectrics.............

Keywords: Polypyrrole, copper zinc iron oxide, nanocomposite, dielectric constant, conductivity, frequency

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[3] Lina Mikoliunaite, Reda Kubiliute, Anton Popov, Jaroslav Voronovi, Simas Sakirzanovas, Almira Ramanaviciene, Arunas Ramanavicius, Development of Gold nanoparticles. chemija. vol. 25. No. 2 ,P.63–69. (2014)
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ABSTRACT: In this paper, a symmetric three-layer slab waveguide is investigated. The guiding layer and the surrounding medium are assumed to be left-handed materials of negative permittivity and permeability. The dispersion equations are derived for both TE and TM polarizations. The properties of the waveguide structure are investigated for different mode orders and for different parameters of the left-handed materials. The field profiles of the guided modes are presented in order to understand these properties.

Keywords - Slab waveguide, field profile, left-handed materials.

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ABSTRACT: A model of crystal is suggested, in which atoms are bonded by the Spinning Magnetic Force (𝐹𝑆) created by the Nucleus Spinning Magnetic Field (NSMF); thus the passing of x-rays through the crystal lattice, having smaller width compared to x-ray wavelength, polarized the x-rays, which is part of Electromagnetic Radiation (EM-R) spectrum, by removing it's electric field component and transformed the residual magnetic part into Polarized Wave (PW), or what is known as Conical Diffraction (CD) beam; hence the emergence of PW from crystal is synonymous to the passing of Circular Magnetic Field............

Keywords - Circular Magnetic Field; Conical Diffraction Beam; Polarized Wave; Crystal structure; Kikuchi lines; Rings and Patches; Nucleus Spinning Magnetic Field (NSMF); Spinning Magnetic Force (SMFs or 𝐹𝑆); Davisson and Germer experiment; Thomson experiment

[1]. M E Yousif, The Double Slit Experiment Re-Explained. IOSR J. of Appl Phys (IOSR-JAP), e-ISSN: 2278-4861.Volume 8, Issue 4 Ver. III, PP86-98, DOI: 10.9790/4861-0804038698, 2016.
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ABSTRACT: The aim of this work, to estimate the External exposure, ingestion Exposure and inhalation exposure dose rate from gamma ray released from Natural Radionuclides in cultivated, uncultivated and phosphate soil samples in the area surrounding EL-Naser Factory for phosphate in El-Mahamid, Idfu, Aswan, Upper Egyp by using modeling, this model studied the exposure gamma radiation from different natural radionuclides226Ra, and 228Ra, in samples, and also using conversion factors for all radionuclides for different ages according to ICRP 90. The activity concentration ranged for 226Ra was 13.2 ±0.5 – 34.3±1.3 and for 228Ra was 12.2±0.5-24.4±0.9, for 226Ra was 5.5±0.3 - 41.8 ±1.5 and for 228Ra was 4.0±0.2-22.0±0.8 and for 226Ra 20.7±0.7 - 590.9±19.2 and for 228Ra was 125.1±42 – 277.4±1.5 for cultivated, uncultivated and phosphate soil samples respectively.

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