IOSR-JAVS   Volume-11 ~ Issue-3 ~ MARCH-2018

ABSTRACT: The study was conducted to determine the productive performance and profitability of small scale broiler farming at rural households carried out with or without management intervention during rainy season . Twelve thousand six hundred day old chicks were procured from a commercial hatchery and distributed into 36 farms of which18 farmers in six treatment groups (100, 200, 300, 400, 500 and 600 birds) were allowed to manage their farms in their own way while the other 18 were in six treatment groups (100, 200, 300, 400, 500 and 600 birds) trained on the basic principles of broiler farm operation, management and procedure of record keeping. Six groups, each of the three farmers (18 farmers) were provided training whereas another six groups, each of three treatment groups.........

Keywords: cost and return; flock size; management intervention; small-scale

[1] A.Q. Mohsin, R. Riaz, S. Asad and A. Mushtaq, Profitability of broiler production in Rawalpindi district. Pakistan Journal of Agricultural Science, 45, 2008, 514-519.
[2] M.A. Ali, Performance and cost benefit analyses of commercial broilers. Bangladesh Agricultural University Research Progress, 14, 2004, 96-97.
[3] M.S. IslaM, S. Takashi and K.Q.N. Chabbi, Current scenario of the small scale broiler farming in Bangladesh: Potential for the future projection. International Journal of Poultry Science, 9, 2010, 440-445.
[4] J. Jaim, and M.N. Islam, Impact of technical intervention on profitability of village based medium scaled broiler enterprise in Bangladesh. Progressive Agriculture, 19, 2008, 143-153.
[5] M. Akteruzzaman, M.A.M., Miah, M.M. Hossain, Jebunahar, and K. Fattah, Impact of training on poultry farming for improving livelihood of the smallholders in rural Bangladesh. In: Proceedings of the 6th International Poultry Show and Seminar, World's Poultry Science Association, Bangladesh Branch, Dhaka, Bangladesh, 2009, 35-43..

ABSTRACT: The study was conducted to determine the productive performance and profitability of small-scale broiler farming at rural households carried out with or without management intervention during winter. Twelve thousand six hundred day old chicks were procured from a commercial hatchery and distributed into 36 farms of which18 farmers in six treatment groups (100, 200, 300, 400, 500 and 600 birds) were allowed to manage their farms in their own way while the other 18 were in six treatment groups (100, 200, 300, 400, 500 and 600 birds) trained on the basic principles of broiler farm operation, management and procedure of record keeping. Six groups, each of the three farmers (18 farmers) were provided training whereas another six groups, each of three treatment groups (18 farmers) were considered from non-trained section for comparison. Each and every trained farm owners took care of chicks...........

Keywords: cost and return; flock size; management intervention; small-scale;

[1] A.Q. Mohsin, R. Riaz, S. Asad and A. Mushtaq, Profitability of broiler production in Rawalpindi district. Pakistan Journal of Agricultural Science, 45, 2008, 514-519.
[2] M.A. Ali, Performance and cost benefit analyses of commercial broilers. Bangladesh Agricultural University Research Progress, 14, 2004, 96-97.
[3] M.S. IslaM, S. Takashi and K.Q.N. Chabbi, Current scenario of the small scale broiler farming in Bangladesh: Potential for the future projection. International Journal of Poultry Science, 9, 2010, 440-445.
[4] J. Jaim, and M.N. Islam, Impact of technical intervention on profitability of village based medium scaled broiler enterprise in Bangladesh. Progressive Agriculture, 19, 2008, 143-153.
[5] M. Akteruzzaman, M.A.M., Miah, M.M. Hossain, Jebunahar, and K. Fattah, Impact of training on poultry farming for improving livelihood of the smallholders in rural Bangladesh. In: Proceedings of the 6th International Poultry Show and Seminar, World's Poultry Science Association, Bangladesh Branch, Dhaka, Bangladesh, 2009, 35-43..

ABSTRACT: The most production constrain on Vanilla planifolia plantation recently has been caused by foot rot disease that later influence in decreasing the yield product. This disease is caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. vanillae (Fov). So far, the disease has not been successfully prohibited although some experiments had been conducted. The use of foot rot resistant cultivar has been introduced, which has high yield expected as one alternative method for controlling this disease. A resistant vanilla plantlet to Fov has been initiated by in vitro selection on medium containing fusaric acid (FA) on different concentration (90, 100, 110, and 120 ppm). In vivo, inoculation of Fov fungal isolates in vanilla mutants has been performed previously. The long-term goal in the overall study was to obtain Fov-resistant mutant seedlings. Specific targets to be achieved were characterization of V. planifolia mutant by in vivo............

Keywords: Vanilla planifolia Mutant; lignin thickness; the phenol content; Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. vanillae, in vivo

[1]. Abebe Z, Mengesha A, Teressa A, & Tefera W. 2009. Efficient In Vitro Multiplication Protocol for Vanilla planifolia Using Nodal Explants in Ethiopia. African Journal of Biotechnology 8 (24): 6817-6821.
[2]. Aberouman AA & Deokule SS. 2008. Comparison of Phenolic Compounds of Some Edible Plants of Iran and India. Pakistan Journal of Nutrition 7: 582-585.
[3]. Anandaraj M, Rema J, Sasikumar B, & Suseela-Bhai R. 2005. Vanilla (Extension Pamphlet). Printers Castle, Kochi. 11p.
[4]. Besse P, Da Silva D, Bory S, Grisoni M, Le Bellec F, & Duval MF. 2004. RAPD Genetic Diversity in Cultivated Vanilla: Vanilla planifolia, and Relationships with V. tahitensis and V. pompona. Plant Science 167: 379-385.
[5]. Boras O, Santos R, Matos A, Cabral P, & Arzola RS. 2001. A First Attempt to Use A Fusarium subglutinans Culture Filtrate For The Selection of Pineapple Cultivar to Fusariose Disease. Plant Breeding 120(5): 345-438..

ABSTRACT: Several enteropathogens are associated with diarrhoea in adult ruminants & newborn calves. Their relative prevalence varies geographically, but the most prevalent infections in most areas are Bacterial, Viral, Parasitic and Protozoal.Specific therapy and prevention are detailed under the individual headings. Out of all the combinations, Norfloxacin and Tinidazole is found to be most effective treatment in bacterial and protozoal diarrhoea. Also herbs like Aeglemarmelos (Belgiri), Acacia catechu (Kattha) and Zingiberofficinale (Sonth) showing significant results in the treatment of diarrhoea in ruminants.

Keywords: Diarrhoea, Aeglemarmelos (Belgiri), Acacia catechu (Kattha), Zingiberofficinale (Sonth)

[1]. Shahedur Rahman and RashidaParvin. 2014. Therapeutic potential of Aeglemarmelos (L.)-An overview. Asian Pac J Trop Dis. 2014 Feb; 4(1): 71–77.
[2]. Banji D, Banji OJF, Pavani B, Kranthi Kumar C, Annamalai AR. Zingerone regulates intestinal transit, attenuates behavioral and oxidative perturbations in irritable bowel disorder in rats, Phytomedicine. 2014; 21(4):423-429.
[3]. Vinothkumar R, Sudha M, Nalini N. Chemopreventive effect of zingerone against colon carcinogenesis induced by 1, 2-dimethylhydrazine in rats, European Journal of Cancer Prevention. 2014; 23(5):361-371.

[4]. Beidokhti MN, Prakash D. Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potential of selected medicinal plants of Lamiaceae family. Int J Pharm Pharm Sci. 2013; 5(Suppl 1):100–104.
[5]. Food and agricultural Organisation of United Nations: Economic and Social department: The statistical division. 2013

ABSTRACT: According to the national official data in Algeria, Djelfa province is the top red meat producer in the country, 44554 tons in 2014, representing 9.16% of the national production. It is produce the majority of sheep meat with about 14% of the relevant national production. 3242760 sheep heads are located in Djelfa representing 11.66% of the national sheep flock and more than 74% of sheep herders (finishers and breeders) This study focuses on the grazing areas in Algeria and aims to this study aims to investigate the reasons behind the herders' transhumance (transhumant pastoralist) between autumn 2014 and summer 2015. Based on survey data of 52 sheep herders, this study illustrated that the majority of the herders are transhumant and the transhumance production system is the prevailing system for sheep farming in the investigated region. This is mainly due to the ratio of own land and the size of sheep heads per herder. The transhumant herders move over the private and public pasture lands and crossing between 100 to 800 km (and sometimes more than 800 km) to seek the feeding of their flocks.

Keywords: Adaptation, steppe, sheep herders, transhumance, pastoralism

[1]. Belhouadjeb F.A., 2017. Stratégies des éleveurs ovins en milieu steppique et contraintes du marché. Thèse de Doctorat, Ecole
Nationale Supérieure Agronomique (ENSA). El-Harrach, Alger, 141P.
[2]. Belhouadjeb F.A. and Chehat F. 2013. Le coût de production et la compétitivité de la viande ovine algérienne : cas de l'agneau de
Djelfa. Les cahiers du CREAD, n°104.2013, 91-110. http://dspace.cread.dz:8080/bitstream/CREAD/181/1/4- Le%20cout%20de%20production.pdf
[3]. Belhouadjeb, F. A. and Chehat, F., 2011. La compétitivité de la filière viande ovine algérienne. Cas de la wilaya de Djelfa.
Rencontres autour des recherches sur les ruminants, n°18, 2011.p293. http://www.journees3r.fr/IMG/pdf/Texte4_economie_Belhouadjeb.pdf
[4]. Belhouadjeb F.A., 2009. Analyse de la compétitivité de la filière ovine algérienne : Cas des éleveurs de la wilaya de Djelfa. Thèse
de magister, Ecole Nationale Supérieure Agronomique (ENSA). El-Harrach, Alger, 86P. http://dspace.ensa.dz:8080/jspui/bitstream/123456789/315/1/belhouadjeb_f.pdf..

ABSTRACT: The buffaloes in different lactational and reproductive status were categorised in nine different groupscomprising 12 animals each. Blood and milk samples were collected and analysed for the levelof Zinc using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (Elico, SL-194). The zinc in blood and milk in different lactationaland reproductive states of Buffalo were within normal physiological limits. Level of Zn was higher in milk than that of in plasma. Plasma Zinc levels were influenced only by reproductive states. However, milk Zinc levels were were influenced by different lactational as well as reproductive state.

[1]. Underwood, E. J. Mineral Nutrition of livestock Commonwealth Agriculture Bureau, UK,1981.
[2]. McDowell, L. R. Nutrition of Grazing Ruminants in Warm Climates. Academic Press, New York, 1985, 443 PP.
[3]. Yokus, B. and D.U. Cakir..Seasonal and Physiological Variations in the Serum Chemistry and Mineral Concentrations in Cattle. Biol. Trace Element Res.2006; 109(2), 255–266.
[4]. Pankaj Kumar, Sharma, M. C., Chinmay Joshi and Saxena, N. Status of microminerals, hormone and vitamin profile in buffaloes (Bubalusbubalis)of Agra region of Uttar Pradesh. Indian Journal of Animal Sciences. 2005a;75 ( 8): 909-914
[5]. Pankaj Kumar, Sharma, M. C., Chinmay Joshi and Saxena, N. Deficiencies of micro-minerals in buffaloes and its effect on the serum vitamins A and E. Indian Vet. J. 2005b; 82: 964-966.

ABSTRACT: Bluetongue (BT) is a non-contagious, arthropod transmitted viral disease of domestic and wild ruminants caused by bluetongue virus (BTV), the prototype member of the genusOrbivirusin the family Reoviridae. In India, the disease was first reported in Maharashtra in 1964. In South India, bluetongue disease occurs annually while sporadic outbreaks occur elsewhere in India. The immunization of susceptible sheep is the most effective and practical control measure against BT. In the present study, 25 sheep and 25 goats of either sex aged more than 4 months which tested negative for BTV antibodies were enrolled. In each species, twenty animals were vaccinated subcutaneously each with bluetongue polyvalent vaccine and five animals acted as controls. Vaccine group animals were administered a booster dose of vaccine on 28th day, while the control group animals received normal saline. Animals were observed for local or systemic reactions after vaccination as well as during the study period. Blood samples were collected on 28th day and 60th day post-vaccination for antibody response. The results revealed that the bluetongue polyvalent vaccine is safe with good immune response in both sheep and goats.

Keywords: Immune response, Bluetongue polyvalent vaccine, cELISA, Serum Neutralization Test (SNT), sheep, goats

[1]. Peter Coetzee, Maria Stokstad, Estelle H Venter, Mette Myrmel, and Moritz Van Vuuren2012. Virol J 9:198 doi: 10.1186/1743-422X-9-198Virol J. 2012; 9: 198. Published online 2012 September 13. doi: 10.1186/1743-422X-9-198PMCID: PMC3492172
[2]. Sapre S N 1964 An outbreak of bluetongue in goats and sheep in Maharashtra State. Indian Vet.J. 41:1,560.
[3]. OIE, Office International des Epizooties manual of Diagnostic tests and vaccines for terrestrial animals from the chapter 2.1.3 named Bluetongue and Epizootic hemorrhagic diseases, Edition 2012.
[4]. Savini G, Ronchi G F, Leone A, Ciarelli A, Migliaccio P, Mercante M T and Pini A. 2007. An inactivated vaccine for the control of bluetongue virus serotype 16 infection in sheep in Italy. Vet microbiol. 124(1-2): 140-146
[5]. Hari Babu Y. 2005. Biologicals and Immunoprophylaxis. In: Veterinary immunology: Basic Concepts and Application. Edn. 1st, pp 193-194..

ABSTRACT: This study determines the adoption of Cowpea Production Technologies among farmers in Taraba State, Nigeria. The study described the socio-economic characteristics of the respondents; identified the cowpea production technologies available to the respondents and assess respondent extent of adoption of cowpea production technologies. The study also determined factors that influenced adoption of cowpea production technologies and identified the constraints experienced by the respondents in the adoption of cowpea production technologies. A multi-stage random sampling technique was used to select 150 respondents for the study. Descriptive statistics and logit regression were used to analyze the data. Result revealed that, 84% of the respondents were within a youthful age of 20-49 years. Majority 94.7% of the respondents were male and 92% were married, with 50% of them having acquired...........

Keywords: Adoption, Cowpea, Production, Technologies, Taraba.

[1] Abah, D. and Tor, I. E. (2012). Cost and Returns of Cowpea Enterprise in Lafia Local. Government of Nasarawa State, Nigeria. Patnsuk Journal Vol. 8 (2): 59-67.
[2] Agwu, A.E. (2004).Factors affecting adoption of improved cowpea production technologies in Nigeria. J. Int. Agric. Ext. Educ. 11(1):81-88.
[3] Ani, A.O (2013) Contemporary issues in programme planning, implementation, monitoring and evaluation in agricultural extension. Wright Integrated Publisher Limited Ibadan Nigeria. Pp 176.189
[4] Ani, A.O., Ogunbameru, B. O. and Undiandeye, U.C. (2008). Factors Affecting Adoption of Agricultural Technology: In Ogunbameru, B.O; Undiandeye, U.C.; and Ani, A.O. (eds) Agricultural Extension Methodologies. Loud Books Publishers, Ibadan, Nigeria
[5] Ayoade, A.R. (2010) Effectiveness of information sources on improved farm practices among cowpea farmers in Oyo State. Global Journal of Human Social Science. Vol. 1, 10. PP 39-45...

ABSTRACT: The current study emphasis on Socio- cultural life of Kharwar tribe , The term Kharwar means grass and it has been said that they never destroy grass. The Kharwar come from the family of Dravidians. Some Kharwar say they are from the Suryavansi, Rajputs. There are features that distinguish a Kharwar tribe from others. They have a normal physique but are different in complexion. They tend to keep to themselves and are introverts. They regulate their life by religious Institution. Most profound characteristics of Kharwar is Animism believe in Soul, they believe in malevolent, benevolent, protective and ancestral sprit, naturalism – believe in nature and believe in more than one God. Unlike most tribes, the Kharwar do not have a language of their own. Kharwar regulate their life by taboo, their social and cultural life is influenced by the religion and magic is also an integral part of their life. Kharwar prefer to live in joint family. Consanguineous form of marriage is allowed, bride price is prevalent among them. They have strong unity .each and every family of the village give their participation in every occasion.........

Keywords: Animism, Magic, Ancestral Sprit, Culture.

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[6] Thurston, Edgar and Rangchari, K.(1975). Castes and tribes of Southern India, Volume II – C to J, Cosmo Publications, Delhi, India

ABSTRACT: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of different levels of organic mixture on growth performance, carcass characteristics and meat quality of broiler chickens fed. For this purpose, three hundred, unsexed, one-day old, Ross 308 broiler chicks with 40 g average initial weight were used. After one week adaptation period, chicks were divided randomly to receive one of the four dietary treatments being, basal diet (A) or basal diet supplemented with organic acid mixture, Citrinal, at a level of 0.05% (B); 0.1% (C) and 0.2% (D). The results showed that feed intake/g, body weight/g, body weight gain/g/d, feed conversion ratio and meat chemical and physical characteristics were not affected at any level of supplementation. Dressed carcass weight/g was significantly higher...........

Keywords: Broiler diet, organic acid mixture, citrinal, meat quality, growth performance

[1] Abdel-Azeem, F., El-Hommosany, Y.M., Nematallah, Ali, G.M., 2000. Effect of citric acid in diets with different starch and fiber levels on productive performance and some physiological traits of growing rabbits. Egyptian Journal of Rabbit Science 10, 121-145.
[2] Abdel-Fattah, S.A., El-Sanhoury, M.H., El-Mednay, N.M., Abdel-Azeem, F., 2008. Thyroid Activity, Some Blood Constituents, Organs Morphology and Performance of Broiler Chicks Fed Supplemental Organic Acids. International Journal of Poultry Science 7, 215-222.
[3] Antongiovanni, M., Buccioni, A., Petacchi, F., Leeson, S., Minieri, S., Martini, A., Cecchi, R., 2007. Butyric acid glycerides in the diet of broiler chickens: effects on gut histology and carcass composition. Italian Journal of Animal Science 6, 19-25.
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ABSTRACT: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of different levels of iodine supplementation during the period extended approximately twelve months (three months before and nine months after parturition) on immunity and performance of calves, and milk yield, milk composition, some blood parameters and reproductive performance of lactating she-camels. Twenty pregnant Maghrebian she-camels (3-5 parities) with live body weight ranging between 430 and 450 kg were used in this study. Animals were divided into four similar groups (5 in each). Animals in the 1st group (G1) were fed a control diet, while those in G2, G3 and G4 were fed the control diet supplemented with 0.5, 0.8 and 1.0 mg potassium iodide/kg DM intake /h/d, respectively. Daily (DMY) and total (TMY) milk yield, and lactation period length were recorded. Milk composition and milk iodine were determined. Concentration of immunoglobulin's was determined only in colostrum, Pre-partum and post-partum blood samples were taken for determination of total protein, globulin, glucose, total cholesterol (CHO), triglycerides, progesterone (P4), estradiol-17ß (E2) and iodine concentrations in blood plasma. Post-partum placenta expulsion, uterine.........

Keywords: She-camel, iodine, immunoglobulin, milk production, blood parameters, reproduction.

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[4] Aghwan, Z. A., A. Q. Sazili, A. R. Alimon, Y. M. Goh, and M. A. Hilmi.( 2013). Blood haematology, serum thyroid hormones and glutathione peroxidase status in kacang goats fed inorganic iodine and selenium supplemented diets. Asian Australas. J. Anim. Sci. Vol. 26, No.11 : 1577-1582.
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