IOSR-JAVS   Volume-11 ~ Issue-3 ~ MARCH-2018

ABSTRACT: This paper evaluates the potentials and vulnerability of the Sombreiro Warri Deltaic Plain soils using physical properties. A total of 52 genetic horizon soil samples were studied in twelve soil profiles located in Akabuka, Obite, Obagi, Omoku, Okwuzi, Aggah and Umuoru-Ndoni areas. The soils have predominantly Loamy sand and sandy loam textures on the surface (about 80% of all the studied locations). Sand content had a range of 220 – 850g/kg with a mean of 515g/kg. Clay content in the area varied from 140 – 580g/kg, with a very gradual increase with depth in few pedons. The highest clay content was observed in the Umuoru / Ndoni 2 profile where clay had a range of 470 - 580g/kg followed by Umuoru/Ndoni 1 profile with a range of 210 – 270g/kg and a mean of 245g/kg. The range in particle density for the soils was 2.10 – 2.66gcm-3. The highest profile mean particle densities.........

Keywords: Soil permeability, macro-porosity, Water stable aggregates, Water holding capacity, Soil Vulnerability

[1] Ahmed (2002) Arocena, J. A. & Sanborn, P. (1999). Mineralogy and genesis of selected soils and their implication for forestry management in central and north eastern British Columbia. Canadian Journal of Soil Science. 79:571 – 592
[2] Arshad et al. (1996) Arvidson, J. (2001). Subsoil compaction caused by heavy sugar beet harvest in southern Sweden 1. Soil physical properties and crop yield in six field experiments. Soil and Tillage Research 60: 67-78.
[3] Baver, L. D. (1956). Mechanical composition in soil physics – John Wiley and sons, Inc. New York 3rd Edition. 57 – 58.
[4] Brady, N. C. & Weil, R. (2002). The nature and properties of soils. 13th edition, Singapore, Pearson Education. 976.
[5] Black, G.R and Hartge, K.H. (1986). Bulk density. In: klute , A (ed0. Methods of Soil Analysis. Part I.Physical and Mineralogical Methods. Agron. Monogr. 9. 2nd ed. ASA and SSSA. Madison..

ABSTRACT: The study was carried out in the lath house of the Department of Horticulture ,College of Agriculture , University of Baghdad, The objective of the study was to know the effect of GA3 and Benzyladenin in vegetative and floral growth ofpansy (viola tricolor) plant, pansy cats cultivar, the seeds were planted in 20 cm diameter plastic pots, the plants were sprayed with GA3 and Benzyladenin concentrations twice, the first spraying conducted after a month of planting, the GA3 concentrations 0, 25, 50 and 100 mg.L-1 were used, while Benzyladenin concentrations were 0, 15, 30, 45 mg.L-1. Tecnophyt PH was used with solutions to reduce the surface tension of the water and to ensure the complete wetness of the plant leaves, while control treatment plants were sprayed with distilled water only.........

Keywords: Plant Hormones ,Foliar Application,Violaceae.

[1]. AL- Chalabi, S. K. and N. K. AL- Khayat .2013. The ornamental Plants in Iraq . University house for printing, publishing and translating/University of Baghdad/ the ministry of higher education and scientific research.
[2]. Alsahaf, F. H. R. 1994. Effect of how much treatment of feeding solution (Alnahrain) in growth and product of potatoes. Magazine of agriculture scince of Iraq. Volume 25 issue 1 pages 91-105.
[3]. Galeme, J. T. 1997. Suggestion proof to speciy kind of irrigation water in Iraq. Phd thesis. Agriculture college. Basrah university.
[4]. Emami , H. ; M. Saeidnin , A. Hatamzadeh ; D. Bakhshi and E. Ghorbani 2011 . The effect of GA3 and BA in growth and flowering of Lilium longiflorum . Advance in Enviromental Biology 5(7) : 160- 166 .
[5]. Heldet , H. W. 1997 . Plant biochemistry and Molecular biology . Oxford Univ . Pres , London

ABSTRACT: This study was to evaluate the effect of boron and nano-boron on growth performance of broiler chicks. A total of two hundred and fourty broiler chicks at one day old were used and randomly distributed to eight equal groups. Experimental groups were exposed to boron and nano-boron throughout of the experiment as follows: group B10 was received boron 10 mg/L of drinking water, group B20 was received boron 20 mg/L, group B40 was received boron 40 mg/L, group NB10 was receivednano-boron 10 mg/L, group NB20 was receivednano-boron 20 mg/L, group NB40 was receivednano-boron 40 mg/L, either control groups: group C+ was vaccinated only, group C- not.......

Keywords: boron,nano-boron,Elisa test, vaccines.

[1] Hunt, C.D. and Idso, J.P. (1999). Dietary Boron as a physiological regulator of the normal inflammatory response: a review and current research progress. Journal Trace Elements Experimental Medicine, 12:221-233.
[2] Hunt, C.D. (2012). Dietary boron: progress in establishing essential roles in human physiology. Journal Trace Elem Med Bio, 26: 157-160.
[3] Nielsen, F.H. (1992): Fact and fallacies about boron. Nutrition Today, May/June, pp. 6±12.
[4] Wilson, J.H. and Ruszler, L. (1997). Effects of boron on growing pullets. Biological Trace Element Research, 56: 287-294.
[5] WHO (1998). International program on chemical safety, Environmental health criteria 204, Boron, Ohio, USA. pp. 1-20.

ABSTRACT: Flood is the most frequent among natural disasters in East Coast Malaysia. It causes loss of lives destruction of farm crops, livestock and properties. These affect productivity, income and livelihood. For flood impact to be reduced, disaster risk reduction measures are highly imperative. Disaster risk reduction measures are divided in to post-disaster and pre-disaster. Despite the fact that the latter proved to be more effective, government and individuals emphasized less on it. Farmers mostly rely on government for rehabilitations after disasters.Although disaster cannot be prevented but its effect could be reduced through preparedness. Preparedness decisions are based on past experience in the area which often fail. Attitude and behavior towards preparedness is low. How could this this be.........

Keywords: Social marketing, flood preparedness, behavior, smallholder farmer, Malaysia.

[1]. Bonye SZ, Alfred BK, Jasaw GS. Promoting Community-Based Extension Agents as an Alternative Approach to Formal Agricultural Extension Service Delivery in Northern Ghana. Asian J Agric Rural Dev. 2012;2(1):76–95.
[2]. International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies. Focus on forced migration and displacement. World Disasters Report. 2012.
[3]. Allen KM. Community-based disaster preparedness and climate adaptation: Local capacity-building in the Philippines. Disasters. 2006;30(1):81–101.
[4]. Alam, M., Siwar, C., Murad, M. W., & Toriman MI. Farm level assessment of climate change, agriculture and food security issues in malaysia. World Applied Sciences Journal. 2011. p. 431–42.
[5]. Md. Mahmudul Alam, Chamhuri Siwar MWM and mohd E bin T. farm level assesment of climate change agriculture and food security issues in malaysia. 2011.

ABSTRACT: Parasitic Gastroenteritis Is A Major Constraint In Livestock Production Nationwide. There Is Paucity Of Information On These Infections In The Study Area. Thus, The Prevalence Of Gastrointestinal Parasites Occurring In Goats In The Bauchi Area Of Bauchi State Nigeria Was Studied. Faecal Samples Collected From A Total Of 451 Animals Were Assayed For Parasitic Ova/Oocyst. Eggs Of Parasites Encountered Were Identified By Reference To Egg Morphology As Described By JANSSENPHARMACEUTICA (1974) And Soulsby (1982). 252 (55.9%) Of The Samples Were Infected With One Or More Parasites. Altogether, Six Parasite Species Were Recovered Including Eimeriapallidatricho strong ylus colubriformes, Haemonchuscontrortus, Oesophagustomum.......

Keywords: Gastrointestinal Parasites, Goats, Semi-Arid Zone, Nigeria.

[1]. Akerejola OO, Schidlhorn van Veen TW and Njoku OO. Ovine and caprine diseases in Nigeria: A review of economic losses. Bulletin of Animal Health and Production in Africa.1979; 27: 65 – 70.
[2]. Fabiyi JP.An Investigation into the Incidence of Goat Helminth Parasite in Zaria Area of Nigeria. Bulletin of Epizootic Disease in Africa.1970;18(1): 29 – 34.
[3]. Schillhorn van Veen, TW. Small Ruminant Health Problems in Northern Nigeria with Emphasis on the Helminthiasis. Nigerian Veterinary Journal. 1973;2: 26 – 31.
[4]. Osakwe II. andAnyigor SI. Prevalence of Gastrointestinal Healminths in West African Dwarf (WAD) Goats in an Agrarian Agro Ecosystem. Animal Research International.2007; 4: (3) 728 – 732.
[5]. Biu AA., Maimunatu A., Salamatu AF. andAgbadu ET.Faecal Survey of Gastrointestinal Parasites of Ruminants on the University of Maiduguri Research Farm. International Journal of Biomedical and Health Sciences. 2009;5(4): 175-179

ABSTRACT: Food security of smallholder farmers especially those living in the coastal areas and floodplains is becoming increasingly threatened by disaster occurrence globally, since majority of them depends on agriculture as their sole source of food and income. However, flood disaster effect on smallholder farmers was paid little attention in the literature. Hence, understanding flood disaster effect on small-scale farmers' food security is critical for planning and flood disaster management. The aim of this study is to determine the potential effects of 2014/2015 flood disaster on smallholder farmer's food security in the Kelantan state of Malaysia. Data from a sample of 344 affected smallholder farmers was collected and analyzed using ordered logistic regression analysis.......

[1]. Abd. Rashid, S.K., W. Ibrahim, W. Zainuddin &Mohd, W., 2007. Flood Hazard Mapping in Malaysia,
[2]. Afshin, A., 2015. The Impact of Climate Change on Canadian Agriculture: A Ricardian Approach. University Of Saskatchewan.
[3]. Alam, M.M. et al., 2010. Socioeconomic Impacts of Climatic Change on Paddy Cultivation: An Empirical Investigation in Malaysia. Journal Of Knowledge Globalization, 3(2), Pp.71–84.
[4]. Ali, S. et al., 2017. Climate Change and its Impact on the Yield of Major Food Crops: Evidence from Pakistan. Foods, 6(6), P.39. Available At: Http://Www.Mdpi.Com/2304-8158/6/6/39.
[5]. Babatunde, R., Omotesho, O. &Sholotan, O., 2007. Socio-Econmic Characteristics and Food Security Status of Farming Households in Kwara State, North-Central Nigeria. Pakistan Journal Of Nutrition, 6(1), Pp.49–58.

ABSTRACT: The study examined the resource use efficiency in groundnut production in Gassol Local Government Area of Taraba State. The specific objectives were to describe the socio-economic characteristics of the respondents, analyze the resource-used efficiency of groundnut farmers, determine the profitability of groundnut production and identify the constraints to groundnut production in the study area. Sixty (60) structured questionnaires were randomly administered to selected respondents from six wards participating in groundnut production in the study area. Data collected were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The study revealed that majority of the respondents (79.31%) are male while (20.69%) are female and have one form of education or the other. The study further.......

Keywords: Resource, use, efficiency, Groundnut, Production, Gassol

[1]. Adebayo, E.F and Onu, J.I. (1999). Economics of Rice Production in Yola-North and South Local Government Areas of Adamawa State. Nigeria Journal of Tropical Agriculture. Vol. 1 Pg. 15-20.
[2]. Adinya, I,B., Enun., E.E. and Ijoma, J.U (2010). Exploring profitability potentials in Groundnut (ArachisHypogea) Production through agroforestry practices: A case study in Nigeria. The Journal of Animal and Plant Sciences. 20(2), Pg: 123-131. ISSN: 1018-7081.
[3]. Ahmed, S., Rafay, A., Singh, R.K. & Verma, U.K. (2010). Response of groundnut varieties to spacing. Indian Journal of Agronomy, 31(3):248-251
[4]. Ani D.P; Umeh J. C and Weye, E.A; (2013) profitability and economic efficiency of groundnut production in Benue state, Nigeria. African journals of food, Agriculture, Nutrition and Development. 13(4) 8091- 8105
[5]. Awolola, M.D. (1995). Education and Farmers Motivation: A case study of five villages in Zaria Area of Kaduna State. Journal of Rural People and Administration. Vol. 2(2) PP. 1-12..

ABSTRACT: This study aimed at evaluating the potential anti-fertility amelioration of Lycopene co-administered with Cypermethrin(CYP) in female Sprague-Dawley rats. Twenty eight sexually matured female rats were divided into seven groups (A-G). Group A-control, B given CYP only, C and D, given CYP+5,000 and 10,000mg/kg/bw/day of processed S. lycopersicum, E and F, CYP+ 5,000 and 10,000mg/kg/bw/day of Fresh S. lycopersicum, while G were given 10mg/kg/bw/day of pure Lycopene(LYP) for 70days. Each exposed female was introduced to unexposed male for mating. Body weight of female rats recorded throughout this period while upon delivery, other fertility indices were recorded.......

Keywords:, antioxidant, birth weight, fertility, litter size,pyrethroids.

[1]. Tiemann U. (2008). In vivo and in vitro effects of the organochlorine pesticides DDT, TCPM, methoxychlor, and lindane on the female reproductive tract of mammals: A review" Reprod Toxicol. 25:316–26.

[2]. Joshi, S.C., Bansal, B., Jasuja, N.D. (2011). Evaluation of reproductive and developmental toxicity of cypermethrin in male male albino rats. Part B. Vol. 3. Toxicol Environ Chem. 93:593–602.

[3]. Sangha, G.K., Kaur, K., Khera, K., Singh, B.(2011). Toxicological effects of Cypermethrin on female rats.Toxicol.Int.18(1).5-8.

[4]. Orlu, E.E. (2014).Deltamethrin-induced Alterations in Sperm Morphology and Spermatogenesis Impairment in Adult Sprague-Dawley Rats.Res. J. App. Sci. Eng. Technol., 7(11): 2324-2331.

[5]. Madhubabu, G., Yenugu, S. (2017). Allethrin toxicity causes reproductive dysfunction in male rats. Environ. Toxicol. 32(6): 1701-1710..

ABSTRACT: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the clinical, hematological, blood coagulation indices as well as some biochemical parameter changes in naturally infected cattle with bovine viral diarrhea disease. Multiplex reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction RT-PCR was used for detection of the disease. From January 2017 to August 2017, A total of 494 cattle ear notches (112 cows, 30 young calves and 352 beef lot calves) was sampled. Fifteen milliliter(15) of blood samples was collected from the jugular vein of cattle using for hematological analysis, estimated blood coagulation indices and serum biochemical analysis. The clinical examination card was used to record the clinical finding of all cattle through complete clinical examinations. The overall prevalence of BVDV (BVDV-1 and BVDV-2) in Nineveh province was 13.96%. Infected cattle suffering from an acute form of disease as anorexia, emaciation, erosive and ulcerative lesions in the oral cavity and on muzzle, profuse watery, mucoied.......

Key words: BVD, Multiplex RT-PCR, Clinical pathology changes, Nineveh-Iraq

[1]. Ahmed, W.M. and Kawther S. Z. (2008). A Field Contribution on the Relation Between Reproductive Disorders and Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus Infection in Buffalo-Cows. American-Eurasian. J. Agric. Environ. Sci., 3(5): 736-742.
[2]. Akalın, P. P., Ataseven, V. S., Fırat, D., Erg¨un, Y., Bas¸ pınar, N. and Ozcan, O. (2015).Selected biochemical and oxidative stress parameters and ceruloplasmin as acute phase protein associated with bovine leukemia virus infection in dairy cows. Bull. Vet. Inst. Pulawy., 59(3: 327–330.
[3]. Al-Ajeeli, K. S. A. and Hasan, A. S. h.( 2011). Detection of Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus by Conventional RT-PCR: A comparative Study. Al-Anbar J. Vet. Sci., 4 (2):121-128.
[4]. Alsaad, K. M., Al-Obaidi, Q. T. and Hassan ,S. D.(2012). Clinical, haematological and coagulation studies of bovine viral diarrhoea in local Iraqi calves. Bulg.J. Vet. Med.,15( 1):44−50.
[5]. Brock, K.V. (2004). The many faces of bovine viral diarrhea virus. Vet. Clin. North Am. Food Anim. Prac.,20:1-3..

ABSTRACT: The in vitro gas production parameters and gas production characteristics of six silage types (T1 – T6) from chopped green maize stover (CGMS) and Chopped dry maize stover (CDMS) ensiled with or without ground dried cassava peels GCP) or dried poultry litter DPL) were assessed using the gas production technique. The chemical composition of the silages was also analyzed. Crude protein (CP) was highest (11.94%) in T3 (CGMS + 36% w/w DPL) and lowest (5.06%) in T5 (5.06%). Nitrogen free extract (NFE) ranged from 52.02% in T3 (CGMS + 36% w/w DPL) to 63.78% in T5 (CDMS + 5% w/w GCP). In vitro gas production volume (IVGP), organic matter digestibility (OMD %), metabolizable energy (ME), methane (CH4) and short chain fatty acid (SCFA) were not significantly.......

Keywords: in vitro, gas production characteristics

[1]. Thornton, P.K.. (2010). Livestock Production: Recent Trends, Future Prospects, In: Charles, H., Godfray, J., John, R.B., Crute, I.R., Haddad, L., Lawrence, D., Muir, J.P., Robinson, S. and Toulmin, C. (Eds), (2010) "Food Security: Feeding the World in 2050" Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, B series, Biological Sciences. 365 (1554): 2853–2867 doi: 10.1098/rstb.2010.0134

[2]. Waje, S.H., Singh, S.K. and Vishal M. (2010) Effect of using forest grass based complete rations on growth and nutrient utilization in growing crossbred calves. Animal Nutrition and Feed Technology, 10: 229-234
[3]. Dhuria, R.K, Sharma, T. and Purohit, G.R. (2011) Effect of densification of gram straw based complete feed on rumen and haemato-biochemical parameters in Magra lambs. Animal Nutrition and Feed Technology 11: 133-141
[4]. Jordaan, J.D. (2004). The Influence of Bedding Material and Collection Period on the Feeding Value of Broiler and Layer Litter, M.Sc. Thesis, University of Free State, South Africa. 84pp.
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ABSTRACT: NOne of the most important pieces of robotic fruit harvest is Gripper, which made the last cutting action.Other parts are robotic arm, image processing and image processing software. In this study, image processing was carried out for fruit harvesting with the robotic system.The position of the fruit on the branch was determined and the cutting operation was performed. Two-dimensional and real-time images were transferred to digital media with a 2D camera. The images of the fruit transferred to the digital medium were processed in real-time image based on shape feature with the help of camera program. The movement of the robotic system is provided by finding the coordinates of the X and Y coordinates on the branches of the fruits according to the received and processed data. The designed Pneumatic shear system and step motorized shear cutter were individually mounted on the end of the robotic arm. 100 pieces of kiwifruit were placed differently on the branch and designs were tried separately. As.....

Keywords: Robotics Harvest, Cutting, Gripper, kiwi

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