IOSR-JAVS   Volume-12 ~ Issue-9 ~ SEP-2019

ABSTRACT: The study identifies the extent of soil loss and proposes a method for prioritization of micro-watershed in the Nun Nadi watershed. The study used the Sediment Yield Index (SYI) method, based on weighted overlays of soil, topography, rainfall erosivity and land use parameters in 10 micro watersheds. Accordingly, the values and thematic layers were integrated as per the SYI model, and minimum and maximum sediment yield values were calculated. The priority ranks as per the sediment yield values were assigned to all micro-watersheds. Then the values were classified into four priority zones according to their composite scores. Almost 11.33 percent area of one micro-watersheds (sw1) showed very high priority; approximately 32.11 percent of the study area (sw5, sw8, sw9) fell under the high priority zones. These areas require immediate attention. Conservation methods are suggested, and the locations of check dams are proposed after considering drainage, slope and soil loss.

Keywords: Check dam; Prioritization; Nun Nadi watershed; Soil loss; SYI.

[1]. Bhuyan SJ, Marjen LJ, Koelliker JK, Harrington JA and Barnes PL (2002) Assessment of runoff and sediment yield using remote sensing, GIS and AGNPS. J. Soil. Wat. Conser. Soil. Wat. Conser. Soc. USA, vol. 57, No. 6, pp 351-363.
[2]. Food and Agricultural Organisation (FAO) (1987) Soil and water Conservation in semi-arid areas.
[3]. Jain Manoj K Mishra Surendra K and Shah RB (2010) Estimation of sediment yield and areas vulnerable to soil erosion and deposition in Himalayan watershed using GIS. Cur. Sci. 98(2), 25.
[4]. Khan MA Gupta VP and Moharana PC (2001) Watershed prioritization using Remote Sensing and Geographical Information System: a case study from Guhiya, Ind. J. Ari. Environ. 49, 465-475.
[5]. Kothyari Umesh C and Jain Sanjay K (1997) Sediment yield estimation using GIS. Hydro. Sci.– J.Sci. Hydrologique. 42(6), 833-844.

ABSTRACT: This study aimed at exploring how selected factors of disease control, credit, market infrastructure, and skills development affect the development of the indigenous poultry production value chain in Kathiani Sub-County.The value chain approach embraces the full range of activities which are required to bring a product or service from conception, through the intermediary phases of production, delivery to final consumers, and final disposal after use. Traditionally extension agents have concentrated their efforts on innovation transfer that targeted production aspects of a poultry and ignored other factors of the value chain. Most farmers specialize in production and may be excluded from decision making about issues that affect them outside their farms. There exists a knowledge gap of what potential there is for income generation and employment creation in the indigenous poultry value chain. Despite their hard work,poultry farmers continue to have low incomes resulting into low living standards.........

Keywords: Indigenous Poultry Value Chain, Disease control, Credit accessibility, Market infrastructure and Skills development.

[1]. Adebayo, O. and Adeola, R. G. (2005). Socio-economic Factors Affecting Poultry Farmers in Ejigbo Area of Osun State. Journal of Human Ecology 18
[2]. Ahuja, V. and Sen, A. (2007). Scope and space for small scale poultry production in developing countries. http/www/vinodahuja.in2007-12-02Ahuja.pdf. (Accessed 10th Sept 2010))
[3]. Babbie, E. (1992). The Practice of Social Research (4th Ed.). California: Wad worth Publishing.
[4]. Branckaert, R.D.S., Gaviria, L., Jallade, J., and Seiders, R.W. (2000).Transfer of Technology in Poultry Production for Developing Countries: FAO
[5]. DAO (District Agricultural Officer), (2008). District annual report. Kathiani: Ministry of Agriculture.

ABSTRACT: Rain fed farming system being the mainstay of the farming communities and rainfall is a basic water resource. Soil and Water conservation measures as an In-situ water conservation practice is transformative to the effect that it addresses the root of the debacle/distress/exploitation in agriculture by providing autonomy and control with a timely availability of water. Soil and Water conservation works such are Farm ponds, deepening of Check dam, check dams, micro irrigation, water ways, settling tanks have led to a positive impact on a) area under cotton cultivation b) Productivity c) Farm Net Income d) Water Use Efficiency (Kgs /acre/cum) e) Crop intensity f) Crop diversification/crop rotation g) School attendance /reduced dropouts h) Land improvement I) Migration and Employment j) Participation in Agriculture k) Soil nutrient enhancement l) Water levels in the wells m) Vulnerability & Adaptation........

Keywords: Soil and water conservation measures (SCM),System Analysis, Vulnerability Adaptive capacity, Impact, Buffer, passive element, active element, Critical elements, Drip Irrigation (DI) Dugout ponds (DP): Farm bunds FB): Farm pond (FP), Check Dam (CD), Check Dam Deepening (CDD), Settled Tanks (ST), Water ways (WW), micro irrigation, Crop Yield, Cost, Gross return: Net return, Net profit margin, Motor or lever and Best practices.

[1]. The contribution of soil and water conservation to sustainable livelihoods in semi-arid areas of sub-Saharan Africa Edited by Charlotte Boyd and Cathryn Turton with N. Hatibu, H.F. Mahoo, E. Lazaro and F.B. Rwehumbiza,a P. Okubal and M. Makumbib/ ODI Network Paper 2000.
[2]. Kerr, J., 2002. Watershed development, environmental services and poverty alleviation in India. World Dev., 30: 1387-1400 & Muallem, T. and B. Yebo, 2015&Review on integrated soil fertility management for better crop production in Ethiopia. Sky J. Agric. Res., 4: 21-32.
[3]. Kebede Wolka 2014. Effect of Soil and Water Conservation Measures and Challenges for its Adoption: Ethiopia in Focus. Journal of Environmental Science and Technology, 7: 185-199).
[4]. Wolka, Kebede & Mulder, Jan & Biazin, Birhanu, 2018. "Effects of soil and water conservation techniques on crop yield, runoff and soil loss in Sub-Saharan Africa: A review," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 207(C), pages 67-79)
[5]. Dr NR Jagannath: Impact assessment report on soil and water conservation measures in select locations of Surendranagar-Morbi and Rajkot districts of Gujarat state - Action for Food Production (AFPRO)-New Delhi March 2007

ABSTRACT: Mobile telephony is one of the most significant developments ever since taken place in the telecommunications industry. The present study had focused on understanding the impact of mobile phones among the users. The purpose of the research was to study the personal and socio-economic profile of mobile phone users, their knowledge about different function of mobile phones, the utilization pattern of mobile phones used by respondents and the state of use of mobile for different contacts through mobile phones. The ex-post facto research design was used for the study. The study was conducted in the Varanasi district where in as per the objectives BHU was selected purposively as locale of study........

Keywords: Abuse, Awareness, Mobile telephony, Utilization, Use.

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ABSTRACT: Critical period of weed interference studies are indispensable in making weed control recommendations, as they indicates optimum time for implementing weed management. The experiments were conducted in 2016 raining seasons concurrently at Bayero University Kano (110 39'N;08"02E) and Audu Bako College of Agriculture Dambatta (12010' N, 8039' E ) Teaching and Research Farms both in Kano State within the Sudan savanna agro-ecological zone of Nigeria. The aim of the experiments were to determine the critical period of weed control and estimate the number of days that the crop should be kept weeds free inorder to attain a predetermined level of allowable yield loss in upland rice production. Weed competition either before or after these critical periods had negligible effects on the crop yield..........

Keywords: Critical, Emergence, Interference, Weed.

[1]. Akobondu C. and Agyakwa C. W. (1998) A Hand book of west African weeds, second Edition, INTEC printers Ibadan Nigeria. ISBN 938 131 129 0

[2]. Begum, M., Juraimi, A.S., Rajan,A. Omar, S. R. S. and Azmi, A. (2008)."Critical period competition between Fimbristylis miliacea (L.) Vahl and rice (MR 220)," Plant Protection Quarterly, 23(4):153–157
[3]. CBN. (1997). Annual Report and Statement of Accounts ended 31 Dec. 1997. Central Bank of Nigeria.
[4]. Ekeleme, E., Kamara, A.Y., Oikeh, S.O., Chikoye, D. and Omoigui, L.O. (2007). Effect of weed competition on upland rice production in north-eastern Nigeria. African Crop Science Conference Proceeding 8: 61–65
[5]. FAO, (2017). FAOSTAT database, 2017. FAO, Paris WWW.fao.org/economic/RMM