IOSR-JAVS   Volume-12 ~ Issue-9 ~ SEP-2019

ABSTRACT: Soil plays significant roles in the earth's life-support system through the provision of a multitude of essential ecosystem services to humans and the environment. But due to severity of soil erosion this ecosystem services are no longer felt at a greater extent in the study area. While farmers' perception of soil and water conservation technologies plays a key role in their decision making on land use and management practices, different farmers may have different attitudes towards soil conservation. Although adoption of agricultural technologies is rigorously............

Keywords: Farm Characteristics, Technology Characteristics, Farmers' Perception and Water Conservation Technologies

[1]. Alufah, S., Shisanya, C. A., &Obando, J. A. (2012).Analysis of factors influencing adoption of soil and water conservation technologies in Ngaciuma sub-catchment, Kenya. African Journal of Basic & Applied Sciences, 4(5), 172-185.

[2]. Baveye, P. C., Baveye, J., &Gowdy, J. (2016). Soil "ecosystem" services and natural capital: Critical appraisal of research on uncertain ground. Frontiers in Environmental Science, 4, 41.

[3]. Dimtsu, G. Y. (2018). Technical evaluation of soil and water conservation measures in Maego Watershed, North Ethiopia. African Journal of Environmental Science and Technology, 12(5), 177-185.

[4]. Farhan, Y., Zreqat, D., &Nawaysa, S. (2014). Assessing the influence of physical factors on spatial soil erosion risk in northern Jordan. Journal of American Science, 10(7).

[5]. Grimm, M., &Klasen, S. (2015). Migration pressure, tenure security, and agricultural intensification: Evidence from Indonesia. Land economics, 91(3), 411-434..

ABSTRACT: A line x tester analysis was undertaken using 4 lines (TVu3629, TVu1509, TVu14019 and TVu15687) and 1 tester (TVu1) resulting in 4 hybrids of cowpea with a view to study genotypic and phenotypic coefficient of variation (GCV and PCV), heritability and genetic advance in four crosses of cowpea made. The pot experiment was laid out in completely randomized design with six replications at Research plot, Department of Agricultural Technology, Federal College of Forestry, Ibadan, Nigeria during rainy season 2018. Data collection and analysis were conducted on days to flowering, pod length, number of seeds per pod, 100-seed weight and seed yield per plant to estimate broadsense heritability and genetic advance. The high phenotypic and genotypic coefficient of variation was observed for days to flowering.......

Keywords: Heritability, Genetic Advance, Genotypic Variation, Phenotypic Variation, LinexTester, Improvement

[1]. Apte, U.B.; Chavan, S.A. and Jadhav, B.B. 1987. Genetic variability and heritability in Cowpea. Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences. 57: 596-598.
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ABSTRACT: A longitudinal study was carried out in Nakasongola District located in Central Uganda to determine a suitable organic bait for subterranean termites. A random block experiment comprising three baits: maize cob, sugarcane bagasse and pine saw dust, each with 5 replicates was carried out for a period of five weeks as follows:Termite bait stations were placed around 5 randomly selected active Macrotermes bellicosus termitaria found within the same hectare. Each mound was surrounded by four 2.5 dm3 bait stations placed in a circle, 1m from the center of the mound. As bait, the three stations comprised maize cobs, sugarcane bagasse and pine saw dust respectively.......

[1]. Bowen C J and KardB Termite Aerial Colony Elimination Using Lufenuron Bait (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae), Journal of the Kansas Entomological Society, Kansas Entomological Society, Kansas, doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.2317/0022-8567-85.4.273, 2012;85(4):273-284.
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ABSTRACT: The study evaluated the effect of different SL (100%, 80% & 60%) on the growth and survival of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) under continuous illumination using indoor recirculating system. Statistical analysis showed no significant difference (ANOVA, p>0.05) existed on growth and survival of the fish after the experiment. Apparently, growth performance indicators (FABW, WG, SGR) of the fish slightly improved as the SL or FI increases. However, the survival of the fish was negatively affected because as the SL increases, the survival of the fish declines, and mortality rates increases. Results indicated that the insignificant growth of the fish is a consequence of increased physical activity under continuous illumination and the higher the SL, the more prone the fish to stress thereby negatively affecting fish survival. In conclusion, slightly improved growth could be obtained using higher SL (100%) but greater survival could be attained using low SL (60%) under continuous illumination.

Keywords: Photoperiod, vision, aggressive behaviour, social stress, fish welfare

[1]. Boeuf G., Le Bail P. Y., 1999 Does light have an influence on fish growth? Aquaculture 177: 129–152.
[2]. Purchase C. F., Boyce D. L., Brown J. A., 2000 Growth and survival of juvenile flounder Pleuronectes ferrugineus (Storer) under different photoperiods. Aquaculture Research 31: 547–552.
[3]. Reddy P. K., Leatherland J. F., 2003 Influences of photoperiod and alternate days of feeding on plasma growth hormone and thyroid hormone levels in juvenile rainbow trout. Journal of Fish Biology 63: 197–212.
[4]. Davis K. E., McEntire M., 2006 Effect of photoperiod on feeding, intraperitoneal fat, and insulin-like growth factor-I in sunshine bass. Journal of the World Aquaculture Society 37: 431–436.
[5]. Saunders R. L., Henderson E. B., Harmon P. R., 1985 Effects of photoperiod on juvenile growth and smolting of Atlantic salmon and subsequent survival and growth in sea cages. Aquaculture 45: 55–66.

ABSTRACT: The andiroba (Carapaguianensis Aubl.) oil (AO) antifungal effect was evaluated in strains of Fusarium, Aspergillus and Penicillium isolated from naturally contaminated maize (Zea mays L.). They were exposed to AO (10 to 40%), incubated and the antifungal effectiveness evaluated. AO had the best effectiveness at 40% for Fusarium and Penicillium (inhibition: 83.8 and 89.3%, respectively) genera, being Aspergillus not as efficient (6.2%) under the condition. Regarding new colonies formation, AO inhibited 100 and 75% of Aspergillus and Penicillium at its highest concentration. Further studies will be carried out in order to check sensory possible alterations.

Keywords: Amazon region, andiroba oil, food security, fungi, maize grains

[1]. APHA, American Public Health Association (2015). Compendium of Methods for the Microbiological Examination of Foods. 5ª ed. Ed: Salfinger e Tortorello.
[2]. MAPA, Ministry of Agriculture, Livistock and Supply (2007). Decree No. 6,268, of November 22, 2007, of the Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Supply. Regulates Law No. 9,972 of May 25, 2000, which institutes the classification of plant products, their by-products and wastes of economic value, and other measures. Official Diary of the Union

[3]. Bullerman, LB, &Bianchini, A (2009). Food safety issues and the microbiology of cereals and cereal products. Microbiologically Safe Foods, 315.

[4]. Christ, D, Savi, GD, &Scussel, VM (2016). Effectiveness of ozone gas in raw and processed food for fungi and mycotoxin decontamination–a review. Journal of Chemical, Biological and Physical Sciences, 6, 326-348.

[5]. Di Domenico, AS, Danner, MA., Busso, C, Christ, D, & Coelho, SRM (2015). Análise de trilha da contaminação por aflatoxinas em grãos de milho armazenados. Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira, 50(6), 441-449.

ABSTRACT: Broiler farmers at costal area at Salalah and Batinah Regions of Sultanate of Oman breed and produce poultry at their farms and feed them with ready-made concentrates and sold the live poultry birds at local market and generate low profit. The high temperature and relative humidity increase heat stress to broiler and increase mortality and reduce growth, daily weight gain and feed intake and reduce farm net return. The study use (SERF) techniques to investigate broiler production systems risk efficiency and risk management sustainability at different risk aversion level. The result indicated the effectiveness of short time breed duration practices to NR economic viability and improve farm net return stability at downside risk area and mitigate heat stress risk at hot climate farm location. The........

Key words: Stochastic Efficiency with Respect to a Function (SERF), broiler production system, risk efficient, simulation model, heat stress, net return, economic sustainability

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[5]. Danilo Simões, João Paulo Ribeiro, Pedro Rodrigo Gouveia, Josiane Corrêa dos Santos (2014) " Economic and financial analysis of aviaries for the integration of broilers under conditions of risk" Ciênc. agrotec. vol.39 no.3 Lavras May/June 2015,http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S1413-70542015000300005. Print version ISSN 1413-7054On-line version ISSN 1981-1829.

ABSTRACT: Mycobacterium bovis is a vigorous virulent microorganism that causes bovine tuberculosis a global infectious disease of cattle result in great economic losses. The high public health significance of the organism is attributed to its zoonotic importance as it can infect human population. The rapid and accurate diagnosis of M. bovis is essential to early control and avoiding the enormous bad consequences of the disease. The study was conducted to assess the effectiveness........

Key words: ELISA,Gamma interferon assay,Mycobacterium bovis, PCR.

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[2]. R. Firdessa, R. Tschopp, A. Wubete, M. Sombo, E. Hailu, G. Erenso, T. Kiros, L. Yamuah, M. Vordermeier, RG. Hewinson, D. Young, SV. Gordon, M. Sahile, A. Aseffa and S. Berg. High prevalence of bovine tuberculosis in dairy cattle in central ethiopia: implications for the dairy industry and public health. PLoS One. 2012; 7(12):e52851.

[3]. J. Kemal, B. Sibhat, A. Abraham, Y. Terefe, KT. Tulu, K. Welay and N. Getahun. Bovine tuberculosis in eastern Ethiopia: prevalence, risk factors and its public health importance. BMC Infect Dis. 2019; 19(1):39.

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[5]. MF. Abakar, AH. Yahyaoui, P. Justus Bless, L. Crump, P. Lohmann, M. Laager, N. Chitnis and J. Zinsstag. Transmission dynamics and elimination potential of zoonotic tuberculosis in morocco. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2017; 11(2):e0005214.

ABSTRACT: Credit is an important tool to enable farmers to increase agricultural production and productivity, and contribute to poverty alleviation in order to keep populations growing in developing countries. Although the volume of agricultural credit presents a growing trend in nominal terms in Mozambique in recent years, studies have shown that organizations and academics have not adopted appropriate strategies to estimate a composite indicator to overcome restrictions on credit financing in order to improve the quality of their products and services. Determinants of access to agricultural credit, such as amortization period, interest rate, lack of guarantee, distance from loan sources and the amount granted can be analysed to find out if they are relevant indicators in directing the Loans........

Key words: Loans and repayment, farmers, metrics, Goal Question Metric, indicators

[1]. Adu C. A., Owualah I. S., Babajide A. A. Microfinance Banks' Lending Rate And Repayment Capability of Borrowers In Some Selected Microfinance Banks In Oyo State, Nigeria.Strategic Journal of Business and Social Science (SJBSS) Volume 3. Issue 2 March, 2019.
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ABSTRACT: The purpose of research to know the aquaponic alternative recirculation system by utilizing several types of media planting and feces of fish against the growth and production of tomato plants. This research was conducted in the research conducted in the village of Menteng VII, Kecamatan Medan Denai, City of Medan, province of North Sumatra. This research uses a complete random draft (RAL) with two factors. Test advanced using multiple Duncan distance tests. The results showed that the planting media application was very real impact on the observed parameters. Based on the results of the printing analysis can be said that the media tanks (M3) are the best medium for the parameters of the number of fruit Bunis, fruit count and weight compared with the media cocopeat, Hydroton, and gravel. While the Cantina varieties are the best varieties for the parameters of fruit count and weight of the fruits in the aquaponic system.

Key words: Aquaponic, Planting Media, Tomatoes

[1]. Afandi F. N, Siswanto B. dan Nuraini Y. 2015. Pengaruh Pemberian Bahan Organik terhadap sifat kimia Tanah pada Pertumbuhan dan Produksi Tanaman Ubi Jalar di Entisol. Universita Brahwijaya. Malang
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ABSTRACT: Farmers have two fundamental selling decisions for their agricultural production (red chili), namely selling in the farm (farmgate) or in the market center (traveling to market). Any decision taken will be charged a transaction fee. The objectives of this study are to identify transaction costs in red chili farming, analyze the factors that influence the selling decisions of red chili and the impact of transaction costs on red chili farming. The respondents of this study were farmer households who grew red chili commodities in Garut Regency. This study used multiple regression analysis, logit analysis and Propensity Score Matching (PSM). The results showed that there were four variables that significantly affected............

Key words: transaction cost, selling decision,red chili, farm's performance

[1]. Abu BM, Osei Asare YB, Wayo S. (2014). Market Participation of Smallholder Maize Farmers in the Upper West Region of Ghana. Afr J Agric Res 9(31):2427-2435.
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ABSTRACT: This study was aimed at determining the prevalence and influence of gender, age, and breed on the occurrence of pneumonia in goats in Gwagwalada. Two thousand two hundred and one lungs of different breeds of goats (Sokoto Red were 1102, West African Dwarfs were 720 and Sahel were 279); between the ages of 6- 24 months were used in this study. The frequency of occurrence of pneumonia as a percentage of the total lung volume was determined by clinical, gross and histopathological examinations. Eighty seven (87) were pneumonic (3.95% prevalence). Out of the 87 goats found to be infected, 73 were males and 14 were females which are 84% and 16% respectively. The total number of goats between the ages of 6 months to 1 year old with lung infections were 9 which is about 11% while 17 were between the ages of 1-2 years which is about 19% and those that were 2 years were 61 which is about 70%..............

Key words: Prevalence, gender, pneumonia, goats, Gwagwalada, Frequency

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