IOSR-JAVS   Volume-13 ~ Issue-9 ~ Sep. 2020

ABSTRACT: Due to progressive reduction in genetic gains by traditional layer traits, a study was conducted to evaluate the genetic gains expected from oviposition and clutch traits as direct and correlated response in Egg number (EN-1). Five single trait Osborne indices were prepared using EN-1, EN-2, MOT40, MOI40 and ACL as primary trait. Six layer traits (EW40, EN-1, EN-2, MOT40, MOI40 and ACL) in all possible combinations were used as selection criterion to construct two types of multi-trait selection index (type A and B). The indices were evaluated on the basis ΔH, RIH, expected genetic gain in EN-1and EW40. These indices were compared with the Osborne indices for their efficiency by comparing the responses in individual traits......

Keywords: Multi-trait selection Index, Oviposition Time, Oviposition Interval, Clutch length

[1]. Ahmad, M. and Singh, H. (2001). Selection indices for improving commercial strain of white leghorn. Indian Journal of Poultry Science, 36: 9-11.
[2]. Ahmad, M., Singh H., Sharma, RK. and Singh, B. (2000). Selection indices for improving commercial strain of white leghorn. Souvenir, IPSACON-2000: 43
[3]. Cunninhgam, E.P., Oen, R.A. and Gjedrem, T. (1970). Restriction of election indexes. Biometrics, 26: 67-74. https://doi.org/10.2307/2529045 PMid:5437364
[4]. Chatterjee, R.N., Misra, B.S. and Singh, H.N. (1998). Selection indices for genetic improvement in a closed flock of white leghorn. Indian Journal of Poultry Science, 33: 317-321.
[5]. Dhankhar, K. Bais, R.K.S., Prasad, R.B. and Kumar, A. (2004). Evaluation of multi-trait selection indices for improving egg production in white leghorn. Indian Journal of Animal Science, 74: 959-964.

ABSTRACT: Zoonotic disease is an infectious illness causes by a pathogen that is moved from an animal body to humans. SARS-CoV-19 is believed to be of zoonotic origin. The virus were detected from throat or rectal swabs of five domestic cats, one of which had antibodies reactive with SARS CoV. SARS-CoV and MERS are not well adapted to human, SARS-CoV2 is believed to have evolved from those viruses. These data are consistent with SARS animal transmission studies which revealed that the respiratory tract of both mice and cats can be experimentally infected with SARS CoV, although infections in both species remained sub-clinical. SARS-CoV-2 shares 96.2% nucleotide homology with a bat CoV isolated from Rhinolophusaffinisbats. About to 75% of emerging infectious diseases are found to be zoonotic in nature.........

Keywords: Zoonosis, SARS-CoV, SARS-CoV-2, MERS

[1]. WHO. "Zoonoses". Archived from the original on 3 January 2015. Retrieved 18 December 2014. [2]. Taylor LH, Latham SM, Woolhouse ME (2001). "Risk factors for human disease emergence". Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences. 356 (1411):98989. doi:10.1098/rstb.2001.0888. PMC 1088493. PMID 11516376. [3]. Marx PA, Apetrei C, Drucker E (October 2004). "AIDS as a zoonosis? Confusion over the origin of the virus and the origin of the epidemics". Journal of Medical Primatology. 33 (5–6): 220–6. doi:10.1111/j.1600-0684.2004.00078.x. PMID 15525322 [4]. Hui DS, I Azhar E, Madani TA, Ntoumi F, Kock R, Dar O, et al. (February 2020). "The continuing 2019-nCoV epidemic threat of novel coronaviruses to global health - The latest 2019 novel coronavirus outbreak in Wuhan, China". International Journal of Infectious Diseases. 91: 264–266. doi:10.1016/j.ijid.2020.01.009. PMC 7128332. PMID 31953166.

ABSTRACT: The population dynamics of Planiliza abu, P. klunzengeri and P. subviridis in the Shatt Al-Arab River, Iraq were investigated using FiSAT II software.A total of 456 specimens of P. abu, 500 of P. klunzengeri and 600 of P. subviridiswere collected for length-frequency analysisfrom November 2015 to October 2016.The asymptotic length (L∞) was computed as 21.2, 27.0 and 29.3 cm for P. abu, P. klunzengeri and P. subviridis, respectively. The growth coefficient (K) was estimated as 0.44, 0.49 and 0.40 for P. abu, P. klunzengeri and P. subviridis, respectively. The values of the growth performance index (Ø) obtained for the three species were 2.296, 2.624 and 2.536, respectively.Therates of total mortality (Z), fishing (F) and natural (M) for P. abuwere2.52, 1.08 and 1.44, respectively, forP. klunzengeri were......

Keywords: Mullets, growth, mortality, yield-per-recruit, Shatt Al-Arab River

[1]. Al-Daham, N.K. and Wahab, N.K. 2006. Age, growth and reproduction of the greenback mullet, Liza subviridis (Valenciennes), in an estuary in Southern Iraq. Journal of Fish Biology 38(1): 81-88.
[2]. Ali, T.S., Mohamed, A.R.M. and Hussain, N.A. 1998. The Status of Iraqi Marine Fisheries during 1990-1994. Marina Mesopotamica, 13(1): 129-147.
[3]. Al-Ramadhanm, B.M. andPastour, M. 1987. Tidal characteristics of Shatt Al-Arab River. Marina Mesopotamica, 2(1): 15-28.
[4]. Beverton, R.J.H. and Holt, S.J. 1966. Manual of methods for fish stock assessment. Part II. Fish. Biol. Tech. Pap. 38: 10-67.
[5]. Birecikligil, S., Seҫer, B., Kelleci, M., Aras, E. and Çiҫek, E. 2017. Determination of some population dynamical parameters of Planiliza abu (Heckel, 1843) from Ceyhan River basin. SüleymanDemirelÜniversitesiEğirdir Su ÜrünleriFakültesiDergisi, 13(1): 58-65.

ABSTRACT: Background : In the past, Aceh Barat Daya farmers were familiar with various types of rice varieties of local varieties which in general had been lost, there were some remaining varieties such as Sigupai varieties. Sigupai varieties can be planted in rice fields and dry land. Rice planting in dry land is one way out of the problem of agricultural land is decreasing from year to year. However, the use of dry land needs to be balanced with the use of organic material that can be sourced from manure. In addition to the use of manure, the cropping system or planting distance can also affect the growth and yield of rice in dry land. Based on the description, the research on the growth and quality of Sigupai Abdya's Local Rice yields due to the treatment of the cropping system and manure on dry land needs to be done. This study aims to determine the effect of the cropping system and manure as well as the interaction of these two factors on the growth and seeds quality of local Sigupai Abdya rice on dry land.......

Keywords: local rice, manure, cropping systems, seed quality

[1]. Afiat R, Indradewa D, Kastono D. Response of Local Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Melati Menoreh on Semi Organic Cultivation Systems with Different Plant Spacing in Kalibanwang, Kulon Progo. Vegelatika. 2017; 6(2) : 40-54.
[2]. Atman, Bakrie B, Indrasti R. Effect of Cow Manure Dosages as Organic Fertilizer on the Productivity of Organic Rice West Sumatra, Indonesia. International Journal of Environment, Agriculture and Biotechnology (IJEAB) 2018; 3(2)
[3]. Azalika RP, Sumardi, Sukanto. Growth and Yield of Sirantau Rice on the Administration of Various Kind and Doses of Manure. Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Pertanian. 2018; 20(1) : 26-32.
[4]. Barus J. Effect of Manure and Planting System on Yield of Upland Rice Varieties on Dry Acid Land in Lampung. Jurnal Lahan Suboptimal. 2012; 1(1) : 102-106.
[5]. Hermawati. Growth and Yield Six Lowland Rice Varieties at Different Planting Spacing. Program Studi Agroekoteknologi, Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Jambi. 2012; 1(2) : 108-116.

ABSTRACT: This research wasconducted to compare between effects of the organic agricultural system (OAS) and the conventional agricultural system (CAS) practiced at Al-Jouf region, north eastern Saudi Arabia, on soil physical and chemical characteristics under peach (Prunus persica) tree fields. Three peach fields (9, 17, 27 years old) under organic fertilization, and similar three peach fields under conventional fertilization system were chosen for soil study. The results showed that soil pH in both systems is alkaline. There were significant differences between the two systems in soil electric conductivity (EC), cation exchange capacity (CEC), total nitrogen (TN), P, K and Mn andall these parameters were high under OAS except P and Mn which were high under CAS. There were no significant differences between the two systems regarding......

Keywords: organic agricultural system, conventional agricultural system.

[1]. Andrews, S. S., et al. On-farm Comparison of organic v. conventional agriculture 685 assessment of soil quality in California's Central Valley. Agronomy Journal,2002, 94, 12–23
[2]. BERRY, P. M., et al. Is the productivity of organic farms restricted by the supply of available nitrogen?. Soil Use and Management, 2002, 18: 248-255.
[3]. BOSATTA, Ernesto; ÅGREN, Göran I. Theoretical analysis of microbial biomass dynamics in soils. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 1994, 26.1: 143-148.
[4]. Bremner, J. M., and Mulvaney. C. S. (1982). Nitrogen Total. p. 595 – 624. In A. L. Page (ed.), Methods of Soil Analysis. Agron. No. 9, Part 2: Chemical and Microbiological Properties, 2nd ed., Am. Soc. Agron., Madison, WI, USA.
[5]. Daif, M. A; et al. Chemical and biological indicators of soil quality in organic and conventional farming systems. J. Soil Sci. and Agric. Eng., Mansoura Univ., 2013, 4: 1273 – 1288..

ABSTRACT: Rapidly evolving Technology has led to the introduction of several chemical substances for improved agricultural yields and protection from pests. Over the years the use of the pesticides has been limited due to lethality,accumulation in environmental organisms and persistence in the environment. In this work the effect of endosulfan a commonly used insecticide on the oxidative stress parameters of Catfish is studied. The sub lethal dose effect of endosulfan - pesticide (0.19, 0.48 and 0.95 mg/L) on the lipid peroxidation, superoxide dismutase, catalase,glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase and glutathione S transferase activity were investigated over a period of 21 days exposure in three replicates. The colorimetric analysis of the samples collected on day 1,7,14 and 21 for lipid peroxidation, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase, glutathione S transferase,catalase and superoxide dismutase showed significant increase in a time and concentration dependent manner. The Lipid peroxidation......

Keywords: Toxicity; endosulfan; Clarias gariepinus; Oxidative stress

[1]. WHO/UNICEF(2010). Joint Monitoring Programme (JMP) for Water Supply and Sanitation Progress on Sanitation and Drinking-Water.
[2]. PAN)/(IPEN), Pesticide Action Network / International POPs Elimination Network (2009). POPs Pesticides Working Group, Endosulfan in west Africa: Adverse Effects, its Banning, and Alternatives.
[3]. Patočka,J., Wu, Q., França, T.C.C., Ramalho, T.C., Pita, R., Kuča,K (2016).Clinical Aspects of the Poisoning by the Pesticide Endosulfan. Química.Nova. 39(8):987-994
[4]. ATSDR (Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry) (2015). Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Public Health Statement forEndosulfan.
[5]. PAN (Pesticide Action Network) International (2008). Information for the consideration of Endosulfan, Provision of information to the Stockholm Convention Secretariat for use by the POPs Review Committee (POPRC).

ABSTRACT: Root knot nematodes (Meloidogyne species) are devastating pestsin the tropics and are known to infect a wide variety of crops causing economic damage to these crops.Field experiments were carried out to generate the materials used in this laboratory experiment to investigate the effects of water extracts (50% fresh weight of plant part: water volume solution) of the African marigold Tagetes erecta on the egg hatch and juvenile survival of the root knot nematode. The research design used for the study was the Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with five treatments(leaf, stem, root, flower extracts and control), and five replications per treatment making a total of 25 treatments The set up was observed for five conservative days with data obtained squared root transformed and subjected to analysis of variance. Although some studies have shown a nematicidal action in the root of the African marigold.....

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[4]. Caswell, E. P, Tang, C. S, Defrank, J., Apt, W. J. (1991b). The influence of root exudate of Chlorisgyana and Tagetepatula on Rotylenchusremiformis. Reve de Nematologie 14: 581-587.
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