IOSR-JAVS VOLUME-15 ~ ISSUE-9 ~ Sept. 2022

ABSTRACT: Background: Antimicrobial resistance is the most urgent threat to human and animal health. Escherichia coli (E. coli) is one of the normal inhabitants of the gastrointestinal tract of both humans and animals but few strains of E. coli have become highly adapted to cause diarrhea and a range of extra-intestinal diseases. Therefore, the present study was conducted to determine the susceptibility and resistance patterns of E. coli to colistin isolated from chicken at Sylhet division of Bangladesh........

Key Word: E. coli, Antibiotic resistant, Colistin, Chickens, Bangladesh.

[1]. Johnson JR, Kuskowski MA, Smith K, et al. Antimicrobial-resistant and extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli in retail foods. The Journal of infectious diseases. 2005;191(7):1040-1049.
[2]. Azad MARA, Rahman MM, Amin R, Begum MIA, Fries R, Husna A, Khairalla AS, et al. Susceptibility and Multidrug Resistance Patterns of Escherichia coli Isolated from Cloacal Swabs of Live Broiler Chickens in Bangladesh. Pathogens. 2019;8(3):118.
[3]. Levine MM. Escherichia coli that cause diarrhea: enterotoxigenic, enteropathogenic, enteroinvasive, enterohemorrhagic, and enteroadherent. Journal of infectious Diseases. 1987;155(3):377-389.
[4] Barnes HJ, Gross, WB. Colibacillosis diseases of poultry. Iowa State University Press. 1991:38-144
[5] Daini OA, Ogbolu OD, Ogunledun A . Quinolones Resistance and R-plasmids of some gram negative enteric Bacilli. African Journal of clinical and experimental microbiology. 2005;6(1):14-20.

ABSTRACT: Sweetpotato is an important food, feed and vegetable crop in most tropical developing countries. The decision to adopt a new cultivar is complexly related to field and yield performance as well as consumer taste acceptability. The objective of this study was toidentify sweetpotato management system andconstraints to farmers, traders and consumers in Niger and Nigeria. The study was carried out for both Focus Group Discussion (FGD) and Semi-Structured Questionnaire (SSQ) in Niger and Nigeria. Data was collected using established Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA) tools and was analysed using "R" software version 3.1.5. The results revealedthat in Niger, sweetpotato is men crop, while it is women crop in Nigeria mostly in South-East part. The main top five production........

Key Word: sweetpotato, constraint, end used, Niger, Nigeria.

[1]. Amadou, H, I., Ali, Douma. & Mariama, T.B. (2015). Inventaire des variétés, des méthodes locales de stockage et de protection contre les ravageurs de la patate douce ([Ipomoea batatas(L.) Lam] dans la bande Ouest du Niger. Int. J. Biol. Chem. Sci. 9(4): 1962-1971
[2]. Ateka, E. M., Njeru, R. W., Kibaru, A. G., Kimenju, J. W., Barg, E., Gibson, R. W., &Vetten, H. J. (2004). Identification and distribution of viruses infecting sweetpotato in Kenya. Annals of Applied Biology.144, 371-379.
[3]. Ceccarelli S., &Grando, S. (2019). Participatory plant breeding: Who did it, who does it and where? Cambridge University press. Experimental agriculture, 1-11. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0014479719000127
[4]. Doumma A, Haougui A, Toufique BM, Adamou I. 2008. Rapport du projet «connaissances et maitrise des problèmes parasitaires de la patate douce au Niger ».30 p.
[5]. El Sheikha AF, Ray RC. Potential impacts of bioprocessing of sweet potato: Review. Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition. 2015;57(3):455-471

ABSTRACT: In order to develop the harvesting equipment of ophiopogon japonicus, the planting system of ophiopogon japonicus was investigated to explore the possibility of mechanization. Through field investigation and experimental research, the mechanical properties related to the measurement of plant property parameters of Ophiopogon japonicus in the harvest period were studied, and the planting plant spacing, plant shape parameters in the harvest period, and the shear and compression properties of Ophiopogon japonicus plant were obtained. At the same time, the planting soil of Ophiopogon japonicus was analyzed and studied, and the data such as water content and soil solidity of the planting soil were obtained, which laid a foundation for the development of harvesting machinery of Ophiopogon japonicus

Key Word : Ophiopogon japonicus; Mechanical properties; Shear properties; Soil firmness. Key project at central government level：The ability establishment of sustainable use for valuable Chinese medicine resources（2060302）

[1]. State Pharmacopoeia Commission Pharmacopoeia of the People's Republic of China [M] China Pharmaceutical Science and Technology Press, 2020
[2]. Huang Luqi Compilation of authentic medicinal materials standards [M] Beijing Science and Technology Press, 2020
[3]. Mianyang Municipal Party Committee and Mianyang Municipal People's Government [EB/OL] [2021-12-28]. http://www.my.gov.cn/.
[4]. Xu Yuan, Zhang Fengwei, Li Baoliang, et al Design and simulation test of digging device of rhizome traditional Chinese medicine harvester [J] China Agricultural Machinery Chemistry News, 2021, 42 (10): 42-49
[5]. Shen Tu, Liu Fang, Sun Xingzhao Research and development of harvester for stalk crops in medium clay soil [J] Research on Agricultural Mechanization, 2003, 000 (004): 54-55

ABSTRACT: Postharvest apple rot disease is a serious problem in Indonesia, especially in Bali, considering that religious ceremonies always use fruit as offerings for ceremonial purposes. Fruit rot was first discovered in Bali caused by the fungus Fusarium decemcellulare as a result of DNA sequencing analysis with 100% homology from the genebank. Visualization of the amplified F.decemcellulare DNA showed 650 bp DNA fragments. Exophytic and endophytic microbial diversity indexes were 1.2491 and 2.7930, respectively, with exophytic and endophytic microbial dominance indexes being 0.8958 and 0.7390, respectively. The results of the in vitro inhibition test of exophytic and endophytic fungi against the highest pathogenic F. decemcellulare were A. niger and Rhizopus sp. each of 83.33±00% and the endophytic microbe is the fungus Rhizopus sp. of 81.48±9.21%. The results of the in vivo inhibition of exophytic and endophytic microbes against pathogens were obtained in treatment C (Rhizopus sp.) with a percentage of damage of 6±2.24% and significantly different from the control (given the pathogen).

Key words: Fusarium decemcellulare, diversityand dominance index, inhibition ability, exophytic and endophytic

[1]. Barnett, H.L. and B.B. Hunter. 1998. Illustrated Genera of Imperfect Fungi. APS Press. The American Phytopathological Sociey. St Paul, Minnesota.
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[3]. Del Castillo D.S., D. Parra, C. Noceda, S. Pérez-Martínez. 2016. Co-occurrence of pathogenic and non-pathogenic Fusarium decemcellulare and Lasiodiplodia theobromae isolates in cushion galls disease of cacao (Theobroma cacao L.). Journal of Plant Protection Research 56 (2): 129-138.
[4]. Dolar, F.S. 2001. Antagonistic effect of Aspergillus melleus Yukawa on soilborne pathogens of Chickpea. Tarim Bilimleri Dergisi, 8(2): 167-170.
[5]. Doyle, J.J. and J.L. Doyle. 1987. A rapid DNA isolation procedure for small quantities of fresh leaf tissue. Phytochemical Bulletin, 19: 11-15.

ABSTRACT: The study entitled, "Productive performance of female Tenyivo pigs under field condition" was undertaken to characterize swine production systems, breed features, productive performance, breeding practice, breed selection criteria and herd replacement in Nagaland, carried out at Phugwi village of Sekruzu Block of Phek district, Nagaland. A total of ten families rearing Tenyivo females kept for breeding were selected, with five breeders from each Mutsuba and Cepiba khel. Selection criteria were based on the skills, knowledge and experience in rearing more than two female Tenyivo for last six to eight years. The average age at first mating and first farrowing recorded......

Key Words: Productive, reproductive, Tenyivo pig, weight at birth, weaning, litter size, Standard Error.

[1]. Beyga, K and Rekiel, A. 2010. The effect of the body condition of late pregnant sows on fat reserves at farrowing and weaning and on litter performance. Archives of Animal Breeding. 53: 50-64.
[2]. Borkotoky,D.,Perumal, P. and Singh, R. K. 2014. Morpho metric attributes of Naga local pigs. Veterinary Research International. 2: 08-11.
[3]. Boro, P., Patel, B.H.M., Naha, B.C., Sahoo, N.R., Gaur, G.K., Dutt, T., Singh, M. And Madkar, A. 2016. Productive and reproductive performances of desi pigs: A review. Agricultural Reviews. 37 (3): 228-233.
[4]. Boro, P., Patel, B.H.M., Naha, B.C., Sahoo, N.R., Gaur, G.K., Dutt, T., Singh, M.,Upadhyay, D., Madkar, A. and Naha, B.C. 2016.Productive and Reproductive Performances of Local pigs of Bareilly District Under Scavenging System. Journal of Animal Research. 6 (6): 1019-1023.
[5]. Chusi, Z., Savino, N., Dhali, A. and Perumal, P. 2016. Reproductive attributes of Local pig (Votho) of Nagaland, India. Indian Journal of Animal Research.50 (6): 862-866.

ABSTRACT: This study evaluated the determinants of job performance of agricultural development programme (ADP) extension agents in Ebonyi State, Nigeria. Data were collected from a sample of thirty-six (36) ADP extension agents and one hundred and eighty (180) contact farmers using purposive and multi-stage sampling techniques. In the first stage, the three (3) zones. Secondly. four (4) ADP extension blocks were randomly selected from the eight (8) blocks that make up each zone to sum up to twelve (12) extension blocks. In the third stage, three (3) circles were selected from each of the twelve (12) extension blocks to sum up to thirty-six (36) respondents. Additionally, the fourth stage involved the selection of five (5) contact farmers from each of the thirty-six circles to sum up to one hundred and eighty contact farmers. Moreover, Focused Group Discussion (FGD) was conducted in each of the three zones..........

Key words: determinants, job performance, ADP, extension agents, farmers

[1]. Adeola, R. G. andAyoade, A. R. (2011). Extension Agents' Perception of the Information Needs ofWomen Farmers in Oyo State, Nigeria. Global Journal of Human Social Science, 11(10), 32-36.
[2]. Adeola. R.G. (2005) The Impact of Training and Visit System on Professionalization of Extension Agents in Oyo State Agricultural Development Programme. Journal of Social Sciences, 11(3).
[3]. Akinsorotan, A. O., Adesiji, G. B. (2001). Analysis of Motivational Factors on Job Performanceof Village Extension Agents in Oyo State, Nigeria. Journal of Advanced Studies inEducational Management, 1(1), 135-141.
[4]. Akubuilo, C.J.C (2001) Strategies for Promoting Sustainable Agriculture and Rural Development in Nigeria. In: E.C Okoli (ed). Journal of science of Agriculture, food Technology and environment. Enugu, Mekanad Ventures Limited. Pp 35-38.
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