IOSR-JAVS   Volume-7 ~ Issue-4 ~ APRIL-2014

Paper Type	:	Research Paper
Title	:	Utilization of Databases in State Agricultural Universities of Jammu and Kashmir (India)
Country	:	India
Authors	:	Leela Dhar Mangi
	:	10.9790/2380-07430108

ABSTRACT: The aim of this paper is to examine the impact and use of e-databases in State Agricultural Universities (SAUs) of Jammu & Kashmir because a huge amount is invested for the subscription, growth, and management of e-databases. The main purpose is to determine the objective of use of e-databases; and to find out their level of application, level of satisfaction, problems, and guidance/instructions in accessing of e-databases. To collect research data, questionnaire was administered randomly among 150 faculty members/scientists/Subject Matter Specialists (SMSs) available in two state agricultural universities i.e SKUAST of Jammu, SKUAST of Kashmir and 103 filled in questionnaires were returned.

[1]. Bennett, S. (2003), "Libraries designed for learning", Washington D.C., Council on Library and Information Resources, available at: http://clir.org/pubs/reports/pub122/pub122web.pdf
[2]. Toner, L. (2008), "Non-use of Library Services by Students in a UK Academic Library," Evidence Based Library and Information Practice, Vol. 3 No. 3, available at: http://ejournals.library.ualberta.ca/index.php/EBLIP/article/view/1330/1241.
2a.Chhotey Lal (1998). Growth of Agricultural Libraries in India in the Post- Independence Era. DESIDOC Bulletin of information Technology. New Delhi 18(2), 13-20.
[3]. Annual Report (2012-13), "SKUAST Jammu".
[4]. Annual Report (2012-13), "SKUAST Kashmir".

Paper Type	:	Research Paper
Title	:	Potato Virus Y (PVY) Purification and Antiserum Preparation
Country	:	Iraq
Authors	:	Zulaykha A. A. Nerway, Nabeel A. Kassim
	:	10.9790/2380-07430912

ABSTRACT: This study included identification, purificationand antiserum preparation of potato virus Y (PVY). Positive reaction of PVY diagnosis using DAS-ELISA was characterized by yellow color. The results of spectrometrical tests indicated the good purification of the virus using differential centrifugation, precipitation and filtration techniques. The purity of PVY was 0.483 mg per gram of fresh plant tissue.A260/A280 value of PVY purity was1.116. Antiserum preparation was done by immunization albino New Zealand male rabbit through four injections of purified PVY at interval of one week, intravenously and intramuscularly. The results of agar double diffusion and chloroplast agglutination tests indicated the successful preparation of the virus antiserum.

Keywords: PVY, DAS-ELISA, Purification, Antiserum.

[1]. Al-ani, Rakib A., Mustafa A. Adhab, Samir A. H. Hamad and Saber N. H. Diwan (2011). Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV), identification, virus vector relationship, strains characterization and a suggestion for its control with plant extracts in Iraq. African Journal of Agricultural Research, 6(22): 5149-5155.
[2]. Albrechtsen, S. E. (2006). Testing methods for seed-transmitted viruses: Principles and Protocols. CABI Publishing. Oxford shire, UK. Pp. 47-81.
[3]. Al-Sameae, M. S. (2000). Identification of ordinary strain of potato virus Y (PVYO) and effect of some treatments in its inhibition in potato tissue culture. Ph.D. Thesis. College of Agriculture, Baghdad University. (In Arabic).
[4]. Biswas, M. K; B. K. De and P. S. Nath (2005). Rate of spread of PVX, PVY and PLRV diseases to potato varieties. Ann. Pl. Protect. Sci., 13:165-178.
[5]. Clark, M. F. and A. N. Adams (1977) Characterization of the microplate method of the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the detection of plant virus. J. Gen. Virol., 34:475-483.

Paper Type	:	Research Paper
Title	:	Carcass Characteristics of Brahman Crossbred Cattle in Indonesian Feedlot
Country	:	Indonesia
Authors	:	Kuswati, Kusmartono, T.Susilawati, D. Rosyidi, A. Agus
	:	10.9790/2380-07431924

ABSTRACT: Carcass traits are important measures in beef cattle production, expressing economic efficiency and meat quality. For those reasons, carcass traits of Brahman crossbred cattle in Indonesian feedlot of different fattening period were assessed. Thirty-three Brahman crossbred steers and thirty-three Brahman crossbred heifers with initial body weight of 399 – 463 kg were fed same diet and reared for fattening in different period as treatment, i.e. 1 month, 2 months and 2.5 months for slaughter.

[1] Aberle, DE, J.C. Forrest, D.E. Gerrard, and E.W. Mills. 2001. Principles of Meat Science. Fourth Edition. W.H. Freeman and Company. San Francisco, United States of America.
[2] Bartoň L., D. Řehák, V. Teslík, D. Bureš, and R. Zahrádková. 2006. Effect of breed on growth performance and carcass composition of Aberdeen Angus, Charolais, Hereford and Simmental bulls. Czech J. Anim. Sci., 51, 2006 (2): 47–53.
[3] Behrends, S.M., R.K. Miller., F.M. Rouquette, Jr., R.D. Randel., B.G. Warrington., T.D.A. Forbes., T.H. Welsh., Lippke;, J.M. Behrends., G.E. Cartens and J.W. Holloway. 2009. Relationship of Temperament, Growth, Carcass Characteristics and Tenderness in Beef Steer..J. Meat Sci 81: 433-438.
[4] Chambaz, A., M.R.L. Scheeder., M. Kreuzer and P.A. Dufey. 2003. Meat Quality of Angus, Simmental, Charolais and Limousin Steers Compared at the Same Intramuscular Fat Content. J. Meat Sc. 63: 491–500.

Paper Type	:	Research Paper
Title	:	Effect Of Organic And Inorganic Fertilizers On Okra (Abelmoschus Esculentus L. Moench) Production And Incidence Of Insect Pests In The Humid Tropics
Country	:	Nigeria
Authors	:	Sylvester R. Atijegbe1, Babatunde O. Nuga, Ndowa E. S. Lale, and Ruth N. Osayi
	:	10.9790/2380-07432530

ABSTRACT: A field experiment was conducted at the University of Port Harcourt Teaching and Research Farm, Choba, Nigeria to compare the effects of NPK 15: 15: 15 and poultry manure on the yield of okra and incidence of insect pests on the crop. Performance of okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L. Moench) was assessed using inorganic and organic fertilizer. The treatments were fitted in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) replicated thrice. Application of poultry manure (PM) at the rate of 10tha-1 had the highest yield and reduced number of insect pests, although mean plant height and mean leaf number were highest with 500kgha-1 NPK treatment at 10 WAP, mean leaf number followed a similar pattern.

[1]. E.I. Abou-Magel, , M.A. El-Bassiony and Z.F. Fawzy, Effect of organic manure with or without chemical fertilizer on growth, yield and quality of some varieties of Broccoli plants. J. of Applied Science Res., 2(10), 2006,791-798.
[2]. A. Adilakshmi, D.M. Korat and P.R. Vaishnau, Effect of organic and inorganic fertilizers on insect pests infesting okra. Karnataka J. Agric. Sci., 21(2), 2007, 287-289.
[3]. MO.. Akande, J.A. Adediran, and F.I. Oluwatoyinbo, Effects of rock phosphate amended with poultry manure and soil available phosphate. and yield of maize and cowpea, Afri. J. Biotech, 4, 2005, 444-448.
[4]. M.O. Akande, F.I. Oluwatoyinbo, E.A. Makinde, A.S. Adepoju and I.S. Adepoju, Response of okra to organic and inorganic fertilization, Nature and Science. 8(11), 2010, 261-266.
[5]. K.O. Alasiri and O.O. Ogunkeye, Effect of different levels of poultry manure in seed yield of okra. Proceedings of the 25th Annual conference of the soil science society of Nigeria, 21st-25th November, Benin, Nigeria, 1999.

Paper Type	:	Research Paper
Title	:	Prevalence of end parasites of pig at Mymensingh, Bangladesh
Country	:	Bangladesh
Authors	:	Taposhi Rani Dey, Anita Rani Dey*, Nurjahan Begum, Sonia Akther and Bikash Chandro Barmon
	:	10.9790/2380-07433138

ABSTRACT:We examined faecal samples (110) and viscera (20) of pig to investigate the prevalence of endoparasites from different areas of Mymensingh from January to May, 2013 by using Stoll's ova counting technique. In faecal samples examination, 96.4% animals were infected with 12 types of endoparasites, namely Ascaris suum (50.9%), Strongyloides sp.(29.1%), Oesophagostomum sp.(12.7%), Trichuris suis (9.1%), Ancylostoma sp. (3.6%), Hyostrongylus rubidus (1.8%), Fasciolopsis buski (14.6%), Dicrocoelium sp. (8.2%), Schistosoma suis (7.3%), Eimeria spp. (56.4%),

[1] P. Nansen and A. Roepstorff, Parasitic helminths of the pig: factors influencing transmission and infection levels. International Journal of Parasitology, 29, 1999, 877–891
[2] S.M. Githigia, K. Murekefu and R.O. Otieno, Prevalence of porcine cysticercosis and Risk factors for Taenia solium taeniosis in Funyula Division of Busia District, Kenya. Kenya Veterinarian, 29, 2005, 37- 39.
[3] J.M. Kagira, S.M. Githigia, J.C. Nganga, P.W.N. Kanyari, N. Maingi and J.M. Gachohi, Prevalence of gastrointestinal protozoa and association with risk factors in free-range pigs in Kenya. Journal of Protozoology Research, 20, 2010, 1-9.
[4]. J. Boes, A.L. Willingham, S. Fuhui, H. Xuguang, L. Eriksen, P. Nansen and T.B. Stewart, Prevalence and distribution of pig helminths in the Dongting Lake Region (Hunan Province) of the People's Republic of China. Journal of Helminthology, 74, 2000, 45-52.
[5] A. Joachim and A. Daugschies, Endoparasites in swine in different age groups and management systems. Berl Munch Tierarztl Wochenschr, 113, 2000, 129-33.

Paper Type	:	Research Paper
Title	:	Accumulation of Cu at different concentration in tea plant (Camellia sinensis(L.)O.Kuntze).
Country	:	India
Authors	:	SarmishtaDey , P.B.Mazumder , S.B. Paul
	:	10.9790/2380-07433943

ABSTRACT: Tea is the most popular beverage in the world. Tea is considered a beneficial drink as it contains many essential nutrients. But the intake of heavy metals even in a small amount causes adverse action in human health along with the plants. The heavy metals are present in the nutrient media itself which are required for plant growth, other important sources are pesticides and fertilizers used in the field for better production. In the present study the tea cultivars (S3A3) were collected from the Rosekandy tea estate, Silchar, Assam and were analyzed for the accumulation of Cu at different level on the different organs of the plants.

[1] T.W Lane, F.M.M Morel , A biological function for cadmium in marine diatoms, Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 97, 2000, 4627–4631. [2] G.V. Stagg, and D.J.Millin, The nutritional and therapeutic value of tea. A review Journal of Science for the Food and Agriculture 28, 1975, 1439-1459.
[3] A.Marcos, G. Fisher, G. Ree, and S.J. Hill, Preliminary study using trace element concentrations and a chemometrics approach to determine the geological origin of tea. Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectroscopy. 113, 1998, 521-525.
[4] B. Dell, Copper nutrition of Euclyptus maculate Hook Seedlings requirements for growth, distribution of Copper and the diagnosis of Copper deficiency, Plant soil 167, 1994, 181-187.
[5] C.R.A. Turnbull, C.L. Beedle, P.W. West, and R.N. Cromer, Copper deficiency a probable cause of stem deformity in fertilized Eucalyptus nitens. Can.J.Forest Res.24, 1994, 1434-1439.

Paper Type	:	Research Paper
Title	:	Effect of flower production and time of flowering on pod yield of peanut (Arachis hypogaea L) genotypes
Country	:	Italy
Authors	:	James Seutra Kaba, F. K. Kumaga, Kwadwo Ofori
	:	10.9790/2380-07434449

ABSTRACT: Field experiments was conducted to determine the role of flower production and flowering pattern on mature pod yield of three groundnut genotypes, and assess relationships among their yield components. The genotypes were harvested over seven weeks. A split-plot design with four replications was used. Five plants were harvested from a plot. Data taken were; 30 days flower count, weekly flower count, matured pods, number of pegs, days to first and 50% flowering. There was significant difference (P < 0.05) in the flower production pattern among the genotypes from first to fourth week.

[1]. Ashri, A. (1974). Plant breeding review. John Wiley &Son. inc., Hoboken, New Jersey. Vol 30.
[2]. Awal, M.A. and Ikeda, T. (2003). Controlling canopy formation, flowering, and yield in field-grown stands of peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) with ambient and regulated soil temperature. Field Crops Res. 81: 121-132.
[3]. Bell, M.J., Shorter, R. and Mayer, R. (1991). Cultivar and environmental effect on growth and development of peanuts (Arachis hypogaea L). In Reproductive development. Field Crops Res. 27: 35-49.
[4]. Bailey, W. K. and J. E. Bear (1973). Components of earliness of maturity in peanuts, Arachis hypogaea. L. Journal of American Peanut Research and Education Association 5(1):32-39.
[5]. Cahaner , A and Ashri .A (1974). Vegetative and reproductive development of Virginia type peanut varieties in different stand densities. Crop Science 14: 412-6.

Paper Type	:	Research Paper
Title	:	Proteomics in Animal Health and Production
Country	:	India
Authors	:	K. Jayasri, K. Padmaja, P. Eswar Prasad
	:	10.9790/2380-07435056

ABSTRACT: Proteomics is a powerful tool for the identification of proteins and study their localisation, functions, modifications and possible interactions or complexes they can form. This review presents an overview of proteome studies of various tissues and biological fluids in different farm animals. Proteomics is the key tool to understand the molecular mechanisms behind meat quality in different genetic back grounds or processing technologies. Several studies carried out on the liver proteome of many species either to mapping the proteins or for comparing them in various conditions.

[1]. R Soares, C. Franco, E. Pires et al., Mass spectrometry and animal science: Protein identification strategies and particularities of farm animal species, Journal of proteomics, 75(14), 201, 4190-4206.
[2]. A.M. Mullen, P.C. Stapleton, D.Corcoran, R.M. Hamill, and A. White, Understanding meat quality through the application of genomic and proteomic approaches, Meat Science, 74, 2006, 3-16.
[3]. T.C. Hunter, N.L. Andon, A. Koller, J.R. Yates III, and P.A.Haynes, The functional proteomics toolsbox: methods ad applications, J Chromatography B, 782, 2002,165-181.
[4]. M. Mann, and O.N. Jensen, Proteomic analysis of post-translational modifications, Nat. Biotechnol, 77, 2003, 255-61.
[5]. J. Klose, Protein mapping by combined isoelectric focusing and electrophoresis of mouse tissues. A novel approach to testing for induced point mutations in mammals, HUMANGENETIK, 26(3), 1975, 231-243.
[6]. B. Bzellqvist, K.Ek, P. Giorgio Righetti P, et al., Isoelectric focusing in immobilized pH gradients: Principle, methodology and some applications, Journal of Biochemical and Biophysical Methods, 6(4), 1982, 317-339.
[7]. T.S. Meyer, and B.L. Lamberts, Use of coomassie brilliant blue R250 for the electrophotesis of microgram quantities of parotid saliva proteins ofn acrylamide-gel strips, Biochimica et Biophysica Acta, 107(1), 1965, 144-145.

Paper Type	:	Research Paper
Title	:	Automatic Irrigation Of Drip Irrigation System & Monitoring Of Soil By Wireless
Country	:	India
Authors	:	Aniket H. Hade, Dr. M.K. Sengupta
	:	10.9790/2380-07435761

ABSTRACT: In past couple of decades, there is immediate growth in field of agricultural technology. Utilization of proper method of irrigation by drip is very reasonable and proficient. A various drip irrigation methods have been proposed, but they have been found to be very luxurious and dense to use. The farmer has to maintain watch on irrigation schedule in the conventional drip irrigation system, which is different for different types of crops. In remotely monitored embedded system for irrigation purposes have become a new essential for farmer to accumulate his energy, time and money and will take place only when there will be requirement of water. In this approach, the soil test for chemical constituents, water content, and salinity and fertilizer requirement data collected by wireless and processed for better drip irrigation plan.

[1]. Abreu VM, Pereira LS (2002). Sprinkler irrigation systems design using ISAMim. p. 022254.
[2]. Baggio A (2005). Wireless sensor networks in precision agriculture. In: On-line Proc, of the Workshop on Real-World Wireless Sensor Networks, pp. 50-51.
[3]. Balendonck J, Hemming J, Van Tuijl BAJ, Pardossi A, Incrocci L, Marzialetti P (2008). Sensors and Wireless Sensor Networks for Irrigation Management under Deficit Conditions (FLOW-AID). International Conference on Agricultural Engineering (AgEng2008). Conf. Proc. p.19.
[4]. Camilli A, Cugnasca CE, Saraiva AM, Hirakawa AR, Corrêa LP (2007). From wireless sensor to field mapping: Anatomy of an application for precision agriculture. Comput. Electron. Agric., 58: 25-36
[5]. Coates RW, Delwiche M, Brown P (2005). Precision Irrigation in Orchards: Development of a Spatially Variable Micro sprinkler System. Information and Technology for Sustainable Fruit and Vegetable Production (FRUTIC). pp. 611-624.

Paper Type	:	Research Paper
Title	:	Free Seed Aid Distribution in South Sudan and its Effect on Local Varieties of Sorghum and Maize
Country	:	USA
Authors	:	Samuel D. Maguet, Dr. Louise Sperling, Prof. Patricia B. Mutch
	:	10.9790/2380-07436274

ABSTRACT: The staple food crops grown in South Sudan are sorghum and maize constituting 80% and 15% of production respectively. The purpose of this study is to explore effects of free sorghum and maize seed distributions to farmers in Jonglei state and to assess how these distributions affect farmer seed use of local varieties of these two crops.

[1]. Almekinders, C., et al (2000). Local Seed Systems and their Importance for an Improved Seed Supply in Developing Countries. Euphytica 78:207-216.
[2]. Adventist Development and Relief Agency, South Sudand. (2011). Seed Delivery Records, 2007-2010. Bor, Jonglei State, South Sudan.
[3]. Cooperation for Assistance and Relief Everywhere, South Sudan. (2007) Seed Delivery Records 2005-2007. Bor, Jonglei State, South Sudan
[4]. Food and Agriculture Organization, South Sudan. (2012). Seed Delivery Records 2006-2011. Bor, Jonglei, South Sudan FAO, Seed Delivery Records 2006-2011
[5]. Jones, R., et al (2002). Disasters, the Need to Look Beyond the Production and Provision of Relief Seed. Experiences from Southern Sudan. Published by Blackwell Publishing Oxford Ox4 1JF, UK and Malden, MA 02148, USA

Paper Type	:	Research Paper
Title	:	Advance Research on Monitoring Of Soil & Remote Sensing of Vegetation by Various Techniques for Proper Drip Irrigation
Country	:	India
Authors	:	Aniket H. Hade, M.K. Sengupta
	:	10.9790/2380-07437583

ABSTRACT: Vegetation is the key element which provides a vital foundation for all living things. An implementation of specific irrigation process by drip is very reasonable and capable. It is found that the various drip irrigation methods have been proposed are luxurious and dense to utilize. The remotely monitored embedded based irrigation system has become a new fundamental thing for a farmer which accumulates his energy, time and money and will reduce requirement of water.

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[2] Baggio A (2005). Wireless sensor networks in precision agriculture. In: On-line Proc, of the Workshop on Real-World Wireless Sensor Networks, pp. 50-51.
[3] Balendonck J, Hemming J, Van Tuijl BAJ, Pardossi A, Incrocci L, Marzialetti P (2008). Sensors and Wireless Sensor Networks for Irrigation Management under Deficit Conditions (FLOW-AID). International Conference on Agricultural Engineering (AgEng2008). Conf. Proc. p.19.
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[5] Camilli A, Cugnasca CE, Saraiva AM, Hirakawa AR, Corrêa LP (2007). From wireless sensor to field mapping: Anatomy of an application for precision agriculture. Comput. Electron. Agric., 58: 25-36

Paper Type	:	Research Paper
Title	:	Economics of cowpea production under small-scale cowpea enterprise in Agricultural Zone I of Niger State, Nigeria.
Country	:	Nigeria
Authors	:	A.Abdullahi, M. Tsowa
	:	10.9790/2380-07438494

ABSTRACT: This paper analyses the economics of small-scale cowpea farmers in agricultural zone 1of Niger State. A sample of 158 farm households selected using simple random sampling technique were used to generate primary data. Results show that most (87%) of the farmers were male and within the active age of 20 and above. About 47% of them had no formal education, while 53% have one form of education or the other. The average farm size was 2.8ha while the average yield was 5,041.47 kg/ha. The average variable cost, average fixed cost and average net farm income per hectare were N28,839.30, N3,160.45 and N30,463.10, respectively. The results of production function analysis revealed that, farm size

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