iosr-JDMS   Volume-18 ~ Issue-3 ~ March-2019

Abstract: This hospital based study was conducted to evaluate the functional and radiographic outcome after ORIF of displaced or depressed intra-articular calcaneal fractures treated only by K (Kirschner) wires with CC (Cannulated Cancellous) screw fixation and augmented with bone grafts. Outcome of patients as per American Orthopaedics Foot and Ankle Score (AOFAS) was observed post operatively and after 3 and 6 months. The difference in the AOFAS score of pre and post operative patients was statistically highly significant (p<0.00001). The difference between the participants in excellent category immediately post surgery and 6 months post surgery was statistically significant (X2=7.917, p=0.005). The lateral approach with K wire and CC screw fixation with bone graft is an effective option for management of displaced intra articular calcaneal fractures, resulting in good functional outcome.

Key words: Calcaneal Fracture, Open Reduction and Fixation, Bone Grafting

[1]. M. Mitchell, J. McKinley and C. Robinson, The epidemiology of calcaneal fractures, Foot (Edinb) 2009; 19(4):197–200.
[2]. D. Griffin, N. Parsons, E. Shaw, Y. Kulikov, C. Hutchinson, M. Thorogood and S. Lamb, Operative versus non-operative treatment for closed, displaced, intra-articular fractures of the calcaneus: randomised controlled trial. BMJ. 2014; 349: g4483.
[3]. T. Fitzgibbons, S. McMullen and M. Mormino, Fractures and dislocations of the calcaneus, Rockwoodand Green's Factures in adults. 5th ed. Vol.3. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2001, pp. 2133–79.
[4]. G. Murphy, Fractures and dislocations of foot, Campbell's operative Orthopaedics. 10th ed. Vol.4. Philadelphia: Mosby Inc; 2003. pp. 4231–83.
[5]. A. Pendse, R.Daveshwar, J. Bhatt and Shivkumar, Outcome after open reduction and internal fixation of intraarticular fractures of the calcaneum without the useof bone grafts, Indian J orthop. 2006;40:111–14.

Abstract: FNAC of salivary gland lesions has an established role in preoperative diagnosis and management of patients. Although clinical and radiological parameters help to narrow the differential diagnosis , cytological diagnosis is required to plan appropriate treatment. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the varied cytological spectrum of salivary gland lesions and correlate with age, gender, anatomical site and histopathology.

Key Words: fnac , salivary gland

[1]. Sandhu VK, Sharma U, Singh N, Puri A. Cytological spectrum of salivary gland lesions and their correlation with epidemiological parameters. J Oral Maxillofac Pathol 2017;21:203-10.
[2]. Kotwal M, Gaikwad S, Patil R, Munshi M, Bobhate S. FNAC of salivary gland – A useful tool in preoperative diagnosis or a cytopathologist's riddle?. Journal of Cytology 2007;24(2):85-88.
[3]. Singh Nanda KD, Mehta A, Nanda J. Fine needle aspiration cytology; A reliable tool in diagnosis of salivary gland lesions. J Oral Pathol Med 2012;41:106-12.
[4]. Rajwanshi A, Gupta K, Gupta N, Shukla R, Srinivasan R, Nijhawan R, et al. Fine needle aspiration cytology of salivary glands: Diagnostic pitfalls – Revisited. Diagn Cytopathol 2006;34:580-4.
[5]. Shetty A, Geethamani V. Role of fine needle aspiration cytology in the diagnosis of major salivary gland tumors: A study with histological and clinical correlation. J Oral Maxillofac Pathol 2016;20:224-9.

Abstract: Background: End Stage Renal Disease(ESRD) presents with an array of cutaneous manifestations. Newer changes are being described since the advent of hemodialysis, which prolongs the life expectancy, giving time for these changes to manifest. Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of dermatologic problems among patients with End Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) undergoing hemodialysis. Methods: One hundred patients with ESRD on hemodialysis were examined for cutaneous changes. Results: Eighty-two per cent patients complained of some dermatologic problem. However, on examination, all patients had atleast one skin lesion attributable to ESRD. The most prevalent finding was xerosis(79%), followed by pallor(60%), pruritus(53%) and skin pigmentation(43%).other dermatologic manifestations...........

Key Words: End Stage Renal Disease, Hemodialysis

[1]. Pico MR, Lugo-Somolinos A. Cutaneous alterations in patients with chronic renal failure. Int J Dermatol 1992; 31:860-3.
[2]. Bencini PL, Montagnino G, Citterio A, Graziani G, Crosti C, Ponticelli C. Cutaneous abnormalities in uremic patients. Nephron 1985;40:316-21.
[3]. Ponticelli C, Bencini PL. The skin in uremia.l In: Massry SG, Glassock RJ, editors. Massry's and Glassock's Textbook of Nephrology. 2nd ed. Williams and Wilkins: Baltimore; 1989. P. 1422-6.
[4]. Morton CA, Lafferty M, Hau C, Hendersofn I, Jones M, Lowe JG. Pruritus and skin hydration during dialysis. Nephron Dial Transplant 1996; 11:2031-6.
[5]. Tawade N, Gokhale BB. Dermatologic manifestation of chronic renal failure. Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol 1996;62:155-6.

Abstract: Background: The rejection by families or society or further away from home, their real selves are lost or submerged under the four wall of hospital settings and negligence the life of the destitute becomes really worse and miserable. Mental health is recognized globally as being of enormous social and public health importance. Mental health problems currently are said to constitute about eight percent of the global burden of disease. Aim & Objective: To assess the mental health status of the women destitute admitted in destitute ward of MHI (COE) at SCBMCH & To see the psychological wellbeing and distress of the above destitute women. Methodology: The study was descriptive in nature. The purposive sampling method was adopted and 20 respondents were the sample for the study. MMSE, Kessler Psychological Distress Scale, K-10 (Kessle ,2003) & Ryff's (1995) Scales of Psychological..........

Keywords: - Destitute, psychological wellbeing, distress & Mental Health Status

[1]. Acharya, Arpita; Biswas, Krishna. (2014) Destitute Women in Tripura: A Study on their Level of Depression, Hopelessness, and Self-Esteem. Indian Journal of Health and Wellbeing, p. 951-954

[2]. Alkire, S., Chatterjee, M., Conconi, A., Seth, S., & Vaz, A. (2014). Global multidimensional poverty index 2014.

[3]. Andrews, G., Slade, T (2001). Interpreting scores on the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (k10). Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health, 25, 494-497.

[4]. Chant, S. (1997). Women-headed households: Diversity and dynamics in the developing world. Springer.

[5]. Crystal, S. (1984). Homeless men and homeless women: The gender gap. Urban and social change review, 17(2), 2-6.

[6]. Dana R Ambler (2006) "Sexual Function in Elderly Women" A Review of Current Literature" Diamond, Louis publisher's, Delhi. (2006)

Abstract: Introduction:Ovarian tumours are heterogeneous neoplasms with varied clinical, morphological and histological features. Ovarian tumours account for 3% of cancers in females and is the 5th most common form of cancer related death in females.Epithelial tumors comprise about 60% of all ovarian neoplasms and more than 90% of malignant tumors. Tumors derived from the sex cords or ovarian mesenchyme constitute 5% to 12% of all ovarian neoplasms.Ovarian tumors are often difficult to detect until they are advanced in stage or size, as symptoms are vague and insidious and there is no definite screening programme for early detection. Aims & Objectives:To study the incidence, age distribution and diverse histomorphological spectrum of ovarian tumours..........

Keywords: Ovarian neoplasms, Epithelial tumour, germ cell tumour.

[1]. Garg N, Anand AS, Annigeri C. Study of histomorphological spectrum of ovarian tumours. Int. J. Med. Sci. 2017;3:12-20.
[2]. Fletcher CD.M. Diagnostic histopathology of tumours. 4th edition.Philadelphia: Elsevier, 2013;1:658-88.
[3]. Patil RK, Bhandari BJ, Kittur SK, Haravi RM, Aruna S, Jadhav MN. Histomorphological Study of Ovarian Tumors at a Tertiary Care Centre.Annals of pathology and Laboratory medicine.2017; 4(6).
[4]. Neetha GV, Divya P, Preethi CR, Rajasekhar KS, Soumya BM. Histopathological study of ovarian tumours. Indian journal of pathology and oncology,January-March,2018;5(1):25-8.
[5]. Krsihna M, Maurya G. Pattern of ovarian tumors and their age distribution in Kangra Valley Himachal Pradesh. Journal of Evolution of Medical and Dental Sciences. 2015; 4(61):10602-10608.

Abstract: The aim of Cleaning and Shaping is to debride the intra-radicular contents and render the space suitable for obturation. Postoperative pain is defined as pain of any degree that occurs after initiation of root canal therapy (Sathornet al. 2007).Clinical studies have shown varying degrees of postoperative pain, ranging from 25% to 40%.

[1]. Pak JG, White SN. Pain prevalence and severity before, during, and after root canal treatment: a systematic review. J Endod 2011;37:429–38.
[2]. Beurklein S, Scheafer E. Apically extruded debris with reciprocating single-file and full-sequence rotary instrumentation systems. J Endod 2012;38:850–2.
[3]. Ng YL, Glennon JP, Setchell DJ, et al. Prevalence of and factors affecting post-obturation pain in patients undergoing root canal treatment. IntEndod J 2004;37:381–91.
[4]. Tinaz AC, Alacam T, Uzun O, et al. The effect of disruption of apical constriction on periapical extrusion. J Endod 2005;31:533–5.
[5]. Tanalp J, Kaptan F, Sert S, et al. Quantitative evaluation of the amount of apically extruded debris using 3 different rotary instrumentation systems. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral RadiolEndod 2006;101:250–7.
[6]. Tinoco JM, De-Deus G, Tinoco EM, et al. Apical extrusion of bacteria when using reciprocating single-file and rotary multifile instrumentation systems. IntEndod J 2014;47:560–6.

Abstract: Objective: Increased comorbid diseases, pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamic changes in elderly causes drug side effects more common in the elderly. The aim of our study was to determine the prevalence of multiple drug use and inappropriate drug use in elderly patients. Materials and Methods: The study included 474 volunteer patients aged 65 years and older who applied to Eskişehir Osmangazi University Health Application and Research Hospital Neurology Clinic. According to the Beers 2015 and STOPP version 2 criteria, the suitability of the drugs used by the patients, the criteria which are not appropriate according to the criteria of inappropriate drugs and how many criteria violations are evaluated.............

Keywords: Elderly, Neurology, Polypharmacy

[1]. Rochon PA Drug prescribing for older adults. Section Editor: Schmader KE, Deputy Editor: Sokol HN. UpToDate. Last updated June, 2011

[2]. Green JL, Hawley JN, Rask KJ. Is the number of prescribing physicians an independent risk factor for adverse drug events in an elderly outpatient population? The American journal of geriatric pharmacotherapy 2007;5(1):31-9
[3]. Lindley CM , Tully MP, Paramsothy V, Tallis RC. Inappropriate medication is a major cause of adverse drug reactions in elderly patients. 1992 21(4):294-300

[4]. Akıcı A. Prescribing in elderly according to the principles of rational drug use and the dimentions of drug utilization in elderly in turkey. Turk J Geriatrics, 2006; Special issue:19-27.

Abstract: Background: Fractures at the distal end of radius accounts for around 18 to 20% of all skeletal fractures occurring in adults and around 19 % of all fractures in the postmenopausal females1. The risk factors in this age group are generalized osteoporosis due to hormonal changes,underlying systemic disease, long term steroid intake2 etc. Aim:The aim of the study is to provide a pain free wrist and early restoration of activities of daily living with distal radius fracture in postmenopausal femalesas a day care procedure. Materials & Methods:In a prospective study, 20 patients with distal radius fractures were treated with the percutaneous pinning and plaster from July 2014- Dec...............

Keywords: distal radius fracture, percutaneous pinning, osteoporosis

[1]. Rayhack JM. The history and evolution of percutaneous pinning of displaced distal radius fractures. OrthopClin North Am 1993 ; 24 : 287-300
[2]. Munson GO, Gainor BJ. Percutaneous pinning of distal radius fractures. J Trauma 1981;21: 1032-5.
[3]. Cummings SR, Kelsey JL, Nevitt MC, O'Dowd KJ. Epidemiology of osteoporosis and osteoporotic fractures. Epidemiology Rev. 1985;7:178–208.
[4]. Fernandez DL ,Jupiter JB, editors. Fractures of the distal radius; Apractical approach to management. New York. NY; Springer –Verlag;1996
[5]. Short WH, Palmer AK, Werner FW, et al: A biomechanical study of distal radial fractures, J Hand Surg [Am] 12:529-534, 1987

Abstract: Objectives: On completion of this article, the reader should be able to summarize the management of anorectal trauma. Accidental blunt and penetrating injuries to the anorectum are uncommon events. The relative protection offered by the rectum's position in the bony pelvis makes blunt injuries particularly uncommon. Excluding iatrogenic, sex-related, and foreign body injuries, the most common injury is a result of a bull gore injury occurring commonly during the month of January on the occasion of 'jallikattu' in this part of the country- a native animal game of ox taming.; Traumatic anal sphincter injury can be from impalement or other penetrating injury, or blunt trauma, including crush injury. High impact and high momentum injuries are often associated with pelvic fracture and urinary bladder injury . urethral injuries are also to be considered in cases of perineal injuries. The evaluation and management of anorecta and perineall trauma are reviewed here.

Keywords: Anal, Bladder, Impalement, Perineal,rectal

[1]. Thomas D D, Levison M A, Dykstra B J, Bender J S. Management of rectal injuries. Dogma versus practice. Am Surg. 1990;56(8):507–510. [PubMed]
[2]. Duncan A O, Phillips T F, Scalea T M, Maltz S B, Atweh N A, Sclafani S JA. Management of transpelvic gunshot wounds. J Trauma. 1989;29(10):1335–1340. [PubMed]
[3]. Burch J M Feliciano D V Mattox K L Colostomy and drainage for civilian rectal injuries: is that all? Ann Surg 19892095600–610., discussion 610–611 [PMC free article] [PubMed]
[4]. Porter J M, Ursic C M. Digital rectal examination for trauma: does every patient need one? Am Surg. 2001;67(5):438–441. [PubMed]
[5]. Esposito T J, Ingraham A, Luchette F A. et al. Reasons to omit digital rectal exam in trauma patients: no fingers, no rectum, no useful additional information. J Trauma. 2005;59(6):1314–1319. [PubMed]

Abstract: Gorlin-Goltz syndrome or basal cell nevus bifid rib syndrome is a genetic disorder characterized by the presence of multiple odontogenic keratocysts. Odontogenic keratocyst (OKC) is a developmental cyst of epithelial origin associated with high rate of recurrence. This case report elaborates a case of gorlin-goltz syndrome in 10 year old boy treated by enucleation with chemical cauterisation and stresses the need of systemic survey in all patients diagnosed with multiple OKC to rule out gorlin-goltz syndrome.

[1]. Jeyaraj, Priya & Naresh, Nitesh & Srinivas, V. (2013). Case report on multiple keratocystic odontogenic tumors of jaws: Comparison of a non-syndromic case versus a case of Gorlin Goltz Syndrome. Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Medicine, and Pathology. 26. 10.1016/j.ajoms.2013.06.012.
[2]. Gorlin RJ, Goltz RW. Multiple nevoid basal cell epithelioma, jaw cysts and bifidrib. N Engl J Med 1960;262:908–12.
[3]. McGrath CJ, Myall RW. Conservative management of recurrent keratocystsinbasal-cell naevus syndrome. Aust Dent J 1997;42:399–403
[4]. Keratocystic odontogenic tumors related toGorlin–Goltz syndrome: A clinicopathological study - Mohammed Israr Ul Khaliqa,*, Ajaz A. Shah, Irshad Ahmadc Shahid Hasanc, Sagar S. Jangamd, Farah, Anwar f
[5]. Kimonis V.E., Goldstein A.M., Pastakia B. Clinical manifestations in 105 persons with nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome. Am J Med Genet. 1997;69:299–308

Abstract: A.R boy aged 16 yrs was brought by brother to NMCH with complains of strong desire to be of other gender, preference for cooking & other household works, preference for wearing female dresses, thoughts of having surgery for gender change. There was no history of epilepsy, psychotic & mood disorders with no history of familial disorders. On further interview gave history of sexual contacts with male gender . No history of substance abuse. On investigation found HBsAg positive & examination of testis, penis & pubic hair revealed no abnormality. A diagnosis of transexualism was made & psychotherapy was suggested as treatment of choice.

[1]. American Psychiatric Association . Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. 5th ed. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Press; 2013.
[2]. World Health Organization . The ICD-10 Classification of Mental and Behavioral Disorders: Clinical Descriptions and Diagnostic Guidelines. Geneva: World Health Organization; 1992.
[3]. Drescher J, Cohen-Kettenis PT, Reed GM. Gender incongruence of childhood in the ICD-11: controversies, proposal, and rationale. Lancet Psychiatry. 2016;3(3):297–304.
[4]. Arcelus J, Bouman WP, Van Den Noortgate W, Claes L, Witcomb G, Fernandez-Aranda F. Systematic review and meta-analysis of prevalence studies in transsexualism. Eur Psychiatry. 2015;30(6)
[5]. Zucker KJ. Epidemiology of gender dysphoria and transgender identity. Sex Health. 2017;14(5):
[6]. Kuyper L, Wijsen C. Gender identities and gender dysphoria in the Netherlands. Arch Sex Behav.2014;43(2):377–385

Abstract: Objectives: To assess the efficacy of injection Histoglob in treatment of chronic urticaria. Materials and methods: Thirty five patients with chronic urticaria(CU) were enrolled into this prospective clinical study. Injection histaglob was given as a weekly dose of 1ml subcutaneously for 8 consecutive weeks.Tab Levocetrizine 5mg was permitted as and required not exceeding the recommended permitted dose. The efficacy of the drug was assessed using urticaria activity score(UAS) which has a maximum score of 6/day. The assessment was done at every weekly visit and at 24th week which was the final assessment. Results: Out of thirty five patients enrolled ,twenty six patients had completed the entire schedule of dosage of 8 weeks and final follow-up at 24th............

Keywords: Anti-histamines, chronic urticaria, injection histoglob, urticaria activity score.

[1]. Goh CL, Tan KT. Chronic autoimmune urticaria: Where we stand? Indian J Dermatol. 2009;54:269–74.

[2]. Yadav S, Upadhyay A, Bajaj AK. Chronic urticaria: An overview. Indian J Dermatol. 2006;51:171–7.

[3]. Powell RJ, Leech SC, Till S, Huber PA, Nasser SM, Clark AT. BSACI guideline for the management of chronic urticaria and angioedema. Clin Exp Allergy. 2015;45:547–65. [PubMed]

[4]. Godse KV.Urticaria meter.Indian J Dermatology,2012/57/5/410/100510.

[5]. Konstantinou GN, Asero R, Maurer M, Sabroe RA, Schmid-Grendelmeier P, Grattan CE. EAACI/GA (2) LEN task force consensus report: The autologous serum skin test in urticaria. Allergy. 2009;64:1256–68. [PubMed]

Abstract: Dental caries is the most common infectious diseases found in human beings.Controlling the frequency of intake of dietary sugar and use of alternative sugars in foods have therefore been recommended as the preventive strategy for public and private in dental caries management. For biofilm assessment Six 10% solutions containing xylitol, sucrose, honey, jaggery, palmsugar and stevia were prepared. MTT assay was used to evaluate microbiological counts in vitro.For enamel demineralization assessment, a total of 120 extracted premolars were immersed in six group of sugar solutions and 1.5 × 108 cells of Streptococcus mutans were inoculated into each group for 21 days.

[1]. Longbottom CL, Huysmans MC, Pitts NB, Fontana M: Glossary of key terms. Monogr Oral Sci 2009;21:209–16
[2]. Marsh PD. Microbial ecology of dental plaque and its significance in health and disease. Adv Dent Res 1994 Jul;8(2):263–71
[3]. Keyes P. The infectious and transmissible nature of ex- perimental caries. Arch Oral Biol 1960;1:304-20
[4]. Sheiham a., James WPT. Diet and Dental Caries: The Pivotal Role of Free Sugars Reemphasized. J Dent Res 2015;94(10):1341–7
[5]. Paes Leme AF, Koo H, Bellato CM, Bedi G, Cury JA; The role of sucrose in cariogenic dental biofilm formation--new insight. J Dent Res. 2006;85(10):878–87.

Abstract: The goals of endodontic treatment are the proper access cavity preparation, cleaning, and shaping, and filling the root canal system,to prevent the microbial reinfection. Thus any material placed in the root canal must be free of microbial contamination to avoid root canal recontamination.Currently, gutta-percha is the most commonly used root canal filling material.Guttapercha is supplied in a sterilised sealed package. Only few cones maybe used for a patient and then the box is used again for another patient. Once the seal is opened, the Guttapercha cones are exposed to the environment and eventually lose their sterility. The aim of this study was to assess the sterility of the guttapercha cones in a sealed manufacturer's supplied package.Two different sealed manufactures supplied package ofguttapercha cones namely, Dentsply and Coltene of 25sizewere opened under aseptic laboratory conditions.........

Keywords: Contamination of Guttapercha, sterile guttapercha, guttapercha disinfectants, guttapercha disinfection

[1]. Spångberg LSW. Essential Endodontology. In: Ørstavik D, Pitt Ford TR, editors. Endodontic treatment of teeth without apical periodontitis. Wiltshire: Blackwell Science; 2001. pp. 211–236.
[2]. Namazikhah MS, Sullivan DM, Trnavsky GL. Gutta-percha: a look at the need for sterilization. J Calif Dent Assoc. 2000; 28(6):427-32.
[3]. Marciano J, Michailesco P, Abadie MJ (1993). Stereochemical structure characterization of dental gutta-percha. J Endod; 19(1): 31-4.
[4]. Friedman CE, Sandrick JL, HeuerMA et al: Composition and physical properties of gutta-percha endodontic filling materials. J Endod 1977; 3(8): 304-8.

[5]. Moorer WR, Genet JM. Antibacterial activity of gutta-percha cones attributed to the zinc oxide component. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol. 1982;53:508–517.