iosr-JDMS   Volume-18 ~ Issue-5 ~ May-2019

Abstract: Background: Respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) is a frequent cause of concern in neonates, more so if the baby is born premature. Evidence suggests that INSURE strategy (INtubate-SURfactant administration and Extubate to nasal continuous positive airway pressure or NCPAP) is superior to mechanical ventilation (MV) with rescue surfactant for the management of RDS in very low birth weight (VLBW) neonates. There is limited evidence, however, to assess whether INSURE is superior to NCPAP alone. We aimed to compare these two strategies regarding early and late outcomes. Methodology: We randomized 40.......

Keywords :Bronchopulmonary dysplasia, respiratory distress syndrome, nasal continuous positive airway pressure, INSURE therapy, Surfactant, Mechanical ventilator, Neonatal intensive care unit

[1]. Jobe AH. Lung maturation: the survival miracle of very low birth weight infants. Pediatr Neonatol. 2010;51(1):7-13. [2]. Stoelhorst GM, Rijken M, Martens SE, Brand R, den Ouden AL, Wit JM, Veen S. Leiden Follow-Up Project on Prematurity. Changes in neonatology: comparison of two cohorts of very preterm infants (gestational age <32 weeks): the Project On Preterm and Small for Gestational Age Infants 1983 and the Leiden Follow-Up Project on Prematurity 1996-1997. Pediatrics. 2005;115:396–405.
[3]. Avery ME, Tooley WH, Keller JB, Hurd SS, Bryan MH, Cotton RB, et al. Is chronic lung disease in low birth weight infants preventable? A survey of eight centers. Pediatr;79(1):26-30
[4]. Polin RA, Carlo WA. Committee on Fetus and Newborn; American Academy of Pediatrics. Surfactant replacement therapy for preterm and term neonates with respiratory distress. Pediatrics. 2014;133(1):156-63
[5]. Reininger A, Khalak R, Kendig JW, Ryan RM, Stevens TP, Reubens L, et al. Surfactant administration by transient intubation in infants of 29 to 35 weeks' gestation with respiratory distress syndrome decreases the likelihood of later mechanical ventilation: a randomized controlled trial. J Perinatol. 2005;25:703-8.

Abstract: Objective:This study aimed to assess the findings of high resolution ultrasound with color Doppler in detecting malignant cervical lymphadenopathy and correlation with cytology and the efficacy of high resolution ultrasound in detecting malignant cervical lymphadenopathy. Materials and Methods:We evaluated 93 cases of malignant cervical lymphadenopathy, referred for USG and color doppler evaluation of the neck. All of USG and color doppler findings were correlated with cytopathological / histopathological findings. Results:In our study, 58 % (54/93) of malignant nodes were unilateral. Short axis >10 mm was seen in 92% of malignant lymph nodes........

Keywords: Cervical lymphadenopathy, Ultrasound, color Doppler, Malignant nodes.

[1]. Ahuja AT, Ying M, Ho SY, Antonio G, Lee YP, King AD, et al. Ultrasound of malignant cervical lymph node. Cancer Imaging 2008;8:48-56.
[2]. Ghafoori M, Azizian A, Pourrajabi Z, Vaseghi H.Sonographic Evaluation of Cervical Lymphadenopathy; Comparison of Metastatic and Reactive Lymph Nodes in Patients With Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma Using Gray Scale and Doppler Techniques. Iran J Radiol2015;12: e11044.
[3]. Benjamin J. Ludwig, Jimmy Wang, Rohini N. Nadgir, Naoko Saito, Ilse Castro-Aragon and Osamu Sakai.Imaging of Cervical Lymphadenopathy in Children and Young Adults.Ajr 2012;199:1105-1113.
[4]. Brnic Z, Hebrang A. Usefulness of Doppler waveform analysis indifferential diagnosis of cervical lymphdenopathy. Eur Radiol 2003;13:175-180.
[5]. Ahuja AT, Ying M, Ho SSY, Metreweli C. Distribution of intranodal vessels in differentiating benign from metastatic neck nodes. Clin Radiol 2001;56:197-201.

Abstract: Background and objectives:Peptic perforation is one of the common complications of peptic ulcer disease. H. pylori and NSAIDs accounts for most of them. This complication of peptic ulcer disease represents a surgical emergency. Eradication of H. pylori in patients with peptic ulcer disease is associated with reduced incidence of complication and recurrence of disease. This study aims to find out a relation in the study population between perforation peritonitis and H. pylori. Methods: A total of 50 cases of perforation peritonitis were taken for study during period Mar. 2016 to Sept. 2017. The relation of perforated peptic ulcer with age, sex, H. pylori infection, h/o peptic ulcer symptoms, NSAIDs intake, alcohol and smoking..........

Key Words: Peptic ulcer, Perforation, Peritonitis, NSAIDs

[1]. Teitelbaum EN, Hungness ES, Mahvi DM. Stomach. In:Townsend CM, Beauchamp RD, EversBM, Mattox KL (editors). Sabiston Textbook of Surgery.1st south asia ed. India: Elsevier; 2017. pp 1197-1211.
[2]. Singh V, Trikha B, Nain CK, Singh K, Vaiphei K. Epidemiology of Helicobacter pylori and peptic ulcer in India. J GastroenterolHepatol. 2002Jun;17(6):659-65. [3]. Campylobacter and Helicobacter. In: Parija SC (editor).Textbook of Microbiology & Immunology.2nd ed. India: Elsevier;2012.pp 308-11.
[4]. Ng EK, Lam YH, Sung JJ, Yung MY, To KF, Chan AC, Lee DW, Law BK, Lau JY, Ling TK, Lau WY, Chung SC. Eradication of Helicobacter pylori prevents recurrence of ulcer after simple closure of duodenal ulcer perforation: randomized controlled trial. Ann Surg. 2000 Feb;231(2):153-8.
[5]. Ford A, Delaney B, Forman D, Moayyedi P. Eradication therapy for peptic ulcer disease in Helicobacter pylori positive patients. Cochrane Database Syst Rev.2004 Oct 18;(4):CD003840

Abstract: Hepatocellular adenoma (HCA) is a rare benign proliferation of hepatocytes, predominantly affecting young women. It is often associated with long term OCP use. It usually presents with abdominal pain may be due to hemorrhage or local compressive symptoms. The tumor markers are usually normal. We report a case of 22-year old female who presented with large upper abdominal lump with malignant hypertension and secondary amenorrhea. CECT abdomen showed well circumscribed enhancing mass in left lobe of liver. Resection of segment 2& 3 of liver was done. After resection, malignant hypertension was also controlled without medication. Patient also resumed normal regular menstruation. Secondary hypertension in HCA is not reported till date though some reports hypertension as paraneoplastic syndrome in hepatocellular carcinoma.

Keywords: Hepatocellular adenoma, hepatocellular carcinoma, secondary hypertension

[1]. Huurman VA, Schaapherder AF. Management of ruptured hepatocellular adenoma. DigSurg2010;27:56–60.
[2]. Dhingra S, Fiel MI. Update on the new classification of hepatic adenomas: Clinical, molecular, and pathologic characteristics. Arch Pathol Lab Med2014;138: 1090-1097.
[3]. Zucman-Rossi J, Jeannot E, Nhieu JT, et al. Genotype- phenotype correlation in 111111111hepatocellular adenoma: New classification and relationship with HCC. Hepatology2006;43:515-524.
[4]. Rebouissou S, Bioulac-Sage P, Zucman-Rossi J. Molecular pathogenesis of focal nodular hyperplasia and hepatocellular adenoma. J Hepatol2008;48:163–170.
[5]. Assy N, Nasser G, Djibre A, et al. Characteristics of common solid liver lesions and recommendations for diagnostic workup. World J Gastroenterol2009;15:3217–3227..

Abstract: Background and objectives: Azygos system of veins with its wide range of communications and tributaries, definitely have an effect on the disease process of congenital and pathological origins. This study has thereafter been taken in population of Jharkhand so as to study the Azygos System of veins and their anatomic variations and its influence on congenital and pathological diseases. Methods: The present study was conducted on 50 cadavers. After complete removal of thoracic viscera, the posterior thoracic wall was carefully dissected out preserving the tributaries of azygos vein. The pattern of azygos vein along with its tributaries were noted. The pattern of ascending lumbar, subcostal, accessory hemiazygos, and hemiazygoswere........

Key Word: Azygos vein, Hemiazygos vein, Accessory hemiazygos vein

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Abstract: Primary non hodgkin lymphoma of the ovary is an extremely rare disease. This entity must be differentiated from other ovarian neoplasms as its management is significantly different from them. A 44-year-old woman presented with signs and symptoms suggestive of an advanced ovarian cancer. Ultrasonography and CT scan showed an enlarged left ovary mass revealed bilateral abdominal tumors, each measuring 10 cm in diameter associated with a uterine but no enlarged lymph nodes. she underwent an a total abdominal hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy. The histopthological examination along with immunochemistry confirmed the..........

Key Words: Primary ovarian lymphoma , Ovarian tumor.

[1]. Sun J, Zhang J, Ling Q et al. Primary diffuse large B-cell lymphoma of the ovary is of a germinal centre B-cell-like phenotype. Virchows Archiv. 2015; 466: 93-100.
[2]. Yadav BS, George P, Sharma SC et al. Primary non-Hodgkin lymphoma of the ovary. In Seminars in oncology. Elsevier. 2014; e19-e30.
[3]. Yamada T, Iwao N, Kasamatsu H, Mori H. A case of malignant lymphoma of the ovary manifesting like an advanced ovarian cancer. Gynecol Oncol. 2003; 90: 215-219.
[4]. Senol T, Doger E, Kahramanoglu I et al. Five cases of non-hodgkin B-cell lymphoma of the ovary. Case reports in obstetrics and gynecology. 2014; 2014.
[5]. Ambulkar I, Nair R. Primary ovarian lymphoma: report of cases and review of literature. Leukemia & lymphoma. 2003; 44: 825-827..

Abstract: Clubfoot, or talipes equinovarus, is a congenital deformity consisting of cavus, forefoot adduction, heel varus, ankle equinus and internal tibial torsion. The overall prevalence of clubfoot was 1.29 per 1000 livebirths; 1.38 among non-Hispanic whites, 1.30 among Hispanics, and 1.14 among non-Hispanic blacks or African Americans.1 Unilateral clubfoot is somewhat more common than bilateral clubfoot and may occur as an isolated defect or in association with other disorders (eg, chromosomal aberrations, cerebral palsy, spina bifida, arthrogryposis). Our study aim was to evaluate Ponseti Method for the treatment of congenital idiopathic clubfoot. This was a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted in the dept. of Orthopaedics, Jashore Medical College Hospital during the.........

Keywords: Clubfoot, Ponseti Method, Foot Deformities, Congenital

[1]. Birth Defects Res A Clin Mol Teratol. 2009 Nov; 85 (11):897-904. doi: 10.1002/bdra.20625.Multistate study of the epidemiology of clubfoot.
[2]. Ponseti. Ponseti IV. Treatment of congenital clubfoot. J Bone Joint Surg. 1992; 74A:448.
[3]. Pirani, Pirani S, Outerbridge H, Moran M, et al. A method of evaluating the virgin clubfoot with substantial interobserver reliability. Presented at the annual meeting of the Pediatric Orthopaedic Society of North America, Miami, Fla, 1995.
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Abstract: Introduction: Acute pancreatitis (AP) is a common gastro intestinal emergency with an increasing incidence in India during the past decades. Because of its severity ranging from mild to severe or even fatal, or with systemic inflammatory conditions, AP continues to arouse the interest of clinical researchers. Materials and Methods: Study was conducted from January 2018 to December 2018, 32 patients of HTG pancreatitis AP and 27 cases of biliary pancreatitis were enrolled into our hospital (Department of Gastroenterology, Kurnool Medical College and Govt General Hospital, Kurnool). The patients were identified using primary diagnosis..........

Key Words: Acute pancreatitis, multiple organ dysfunction syndrome, Diabetes mellitus

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[3]. A. V. Kyriakidis, P. Karydakis, N. Neofytou et al., "Plasmapheresis in the management of acute severe hyperlipidemic pancreatitis: report of 5 cases," Pancreatology, vol. 5, no. 2-3, pp. 201–204, 2005.
[4]. J. C. Marshall, D. J. Cook, N. V. Christou, G. R. Bernard, C. L. Sprung, and W. J. Sibbald, "Multiple organ dysfunction score: a reliable descriptor of a complex clinical outcome," Critical Care Medicine, vol. 23, no. 10, pp. 1638–1652, 1995.
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Abstract: Introduction: Cirrhosis of liver is a condition that has a variety of manifestation and complications, some of which can be life threatening (e.g. variceal bleeding). However it has become apparent that when the underlying insult (e.g. Chronic hepatitis C, hemochromatosis) has been removed, reversal of fibrosis also seen. Portal hypertension is a significant complication of cirrhosis and is responsible for development of esophageal varices. Materials and Methods: This prospective observational study was performed between March 2017 and August 2018 at Department of Gastroenterology, Kurnool Medical College and Govt General Hospital, Kurnool. All patients with cirrhosis of liver presenting to the Department of Gastroenterology and General Medicine, who did not undergo endoscopy previously.........

Key Words: Cirrhosis, endoscopy, endoscopic sclerotherapy, Chronic hepatitis C

[1]. Merli M, , Nicolini G, , Angeloni S, , et al. . Incidence and natural history of small esophageal varices in cirrhotic patients. J Hepatol 2003;38(3):266–272.
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Abstract: Introduction: Pharmacovigilance (PV or PhV), also known as drug safety, is the pharmacological science and activities relating to the collection, detection, assessment, monitoring, and prevention of adverse effects with pharmaceutical products. The dark history in 1961 by use of the drug thalidomide in pregnancy causing the birth of thousands of congenitally deformed babies led to the initiation of first organized international efforts to address drug safety issues. Materials and Methods: This is a study in which a self developed pre-tested questionnaire was designed to assess the knowledge of pharmacovigilance among medical students. Study population consists of 180 students, which include final year medical students and interns. A brief description on the nature of the study and procedure to complete the questionnaire was explained........

Key Words: Pharmacovigilance, questionnaire, ADR

[1]. Palaian S, Ibrahim MI, Mishra P. Health professionals‟ knowledge, attitude and practices towards pharmacovigilance in Nepal. Pharm Pract (Granada) 2011;9:228-35.
[2]. Meher BR, Joshua N, Asha B, Mukherji D. A questionnaire based study to assess knowledge, attitude and practice of pharmacovigilance among undergraduate medical students in a Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital of South India. Perspect Clin Res. 2015;6:217-21.
[3]. Parthiban G, Nileshraj G, Mangaiarkkarasi A, Meher Ali R. A survey on knowledge, attitude and awareness of pharma covigilance among medical students in a teaching hospital, Puducherry. Indian Journal of Basic and Applied Medical Research. December 2015;5(1):198-203.
[4]. Hema NG, Bhuvana KB, Sangeetha. Pharmacovigilance: The extend of awareness among the final year students, interns and postgraduates in a government teaching hospital. J Clin Diagn Res. 2012;6(7):1248-53.
[5]. Datta S, Sengupta S. An evaluation of knowledge, attitude and practice of adverse drug reaction reporting in a tertiary care teaching hospital of Sikkim. Perspect Clin Res. 2015;6(4):200-6..

Abstract: Aims and objective: To find out the pattern of sexual problem in female patients attending psychiatry OPD and to determine clinical correlation with various psychiatric disorder. Material and Method :- Study population consisted of 100 subjects which were assessed by using ICD 10 criteria ,specially designed Performa was applied on subjects, Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale( HAM –A), Hamilton Depression Rating Scale( HDRS ) for assessing anxiety and depression , Arizona Sexual Experience Scale ( ASEX) for assessing the sexual dysfunctions respectively........

Key Words:Female sexual dysfunction , Anxiety and Depression

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Abstract: Background: Suicide being the most important emergency in Psychiatry and has to be understood from many perspectives. It has been studied by many researchers but there is little research comparing the
gender differences in clinical characteristics, personality and coping methods among those who attempt suicide. Aims and objectives: To estimate the gender differences of clinical characteristics, personality and coping
strategies among those who have attempted suicide. Materials and methods: The study was conducted in tertiary referral psychiatry department after obtaining
institutional ethics committee approval......

Key Words: Suicide, Gender difference, Personality, Coping strategies.

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[5]. Narang RL, Mishra BP, Mohan, Nitesh Attempted suicide in Ludhiana. Indian J Psychiatry. 2000;42:83–7..