iosr-JDMS   Volume-21 ~ Issue-10 ~ Oct. 2022

Abstract: Background: the caecum is a blinded pouch, the part of the large intestine that begins caudally from the ileocecal valve in the right iliac fossa. Generally , the caecum is found intraperitoneally in the right iliac region of abdomen with a usual length of about 6 cm. It is mobile, without a mesentry and the appendix is attached posteromedially at the meeting point of all three taeniae coli . The variations in anatomical location of appendix can result in different clinical presentation in acute appendicitis and carcinoid tumour. The present study aims to determine the positional variations of appendix......

Key Word: caecum, appendix, appendicitis, appendicectomy, anatomical variations

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[2]. Setty snrs, katikireddi rs. Morphometric study of human cadaveric caecum and vermiform appendix. Int j health sci res. 2013;3(10):48-55.
[3]. Reshma m. Et al, morphological features and morphometric parameters of human fetal vermiform appendix at different gestational ages. Int j anat res 2013,02:18-25.
[4]. Uttam kumar paul. Position of vermiform appendix: a postmortem study .bangladesh j. Anat. 2009;7(1):34-36.
[5]. Arindom banerjee. Morphological variations in the anatomy of caecum and appendix – a cadaveric study. National journal of clinical anatomy. 2012;vol-1:30-35..

Abstract: Methylene-tetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) deficiency is a rare disorder affecting the metabolism of folate and sulfur-containing amino acids1. The deficiency of this enzyme results in a reduction in synthesis of 5- methyl-tetrahydrofolate (5MTHF). 5 methyl tetrahydrofolate is the biologically active form of folate, which acts as a cofactor for the re-methylation of homocysteine into methionine. Biochemical hallmarks of this disease are moderately low plasmatic folate levels, hyperhomocysteinemia, hypomethioninemia and absence of methyl malonic aciduria. The disease onset is usually in the neonatal period or childhood presenting with encephalopathy, psychomotor delay, gait disorder and epilepsy.....

[1]. Froese DS, Huemer M, Suormala T, Burda P, Coelho D, Gueant JL, et al. Mutation update and review of severe Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase deficiency. Hum Mutat. 2016;37(5):427–38.
[2]. Huemer M, Mulder-Bleile R, Burda P, Froese DS, Suormala T, Zeev BB, et al. Clinical pattern, mutations and in vitro residual activity in 33 patients with severe 5, 10 methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) deficiency. J Inherit Metab Dis. 2016;39(1):115–24
[3]. Goyette P, Frosst P, Rosenblatt DS, Rozen R. Seven novel mutations in the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase gene and genotype/phenotype correlations in severe methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase deficiency. Am J Hum Genet. 1995;56(5):1052–9.
[4]. Sibani S, Christensen B, O'Ferrall E, Saadi I, Hiou-Tim F, Rosenblatt DS, et al. Characterization of six novel mutations in the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene in patients with homocystinuria. Hum Mutat. 2000; 15(3):280–7.
[5]. Rosenblatt D, Fenton W. Inherited disorders of folate and cobalamin transport and metabolism. In: Scriver C, Beaudet AL, Sly WS, et al.The Metabolic and Molecular Bases of Inherited Disease. 8th edn. New York: McGraw-Hill, 2001: 3897–911

Abstract: OBJECTIVE: Periarthritis shoulder or adhesive capsulitis is a common health condition resulting in pain with progressive loss of movement and function hampering quality of life. Both intraarticular steroid and Suprascapular nerve block (SSNB) are simple and safe techniques for providing relief from shoulder pain and improving functional outcome. We hypothesize that addition of SSNB with intraarticular steroid will be more efficacious in providing analgesic relief and improving quality of life. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A randomized controlled study was carried out for a total of 147 cases of periarthritis shoulder, out of which (n=72) patients were given intraarticular depot steroid combined with suprascapular nerve block and (n=75) patients were given intraarticular depot steroid only. All the cases were followed up for a period of three months.....

KEY WORDS: Periarthritis shoulder; adhesive capsulitis; intraarticular steroid injection; suprascapular nerve block; SPADI score, VAS score, Range of movement of shoulder LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Level II : Randomized Controlled study

[1]. Buchbinder R, Green S. Effect of arthrographic shoulder joint distension with saline and corticosteroid for adhesive capsulitis. Br J Sports Med 2004;38:384-5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bjsm.2004.013532
[2]. Carette S, Moffet H, Tardif J, Bessette L, Morin F, Frémont P, Bykerk V, Thorne C, Bell M, Bensen W, Blanchette C. Intraarticular corticosteroids, supervised physiotherapy, or a combination of the two in the treatment of adhesive capsulitis of the shoulder: a placebo-controlled trial. Arthritis Rheum. 2003 Mar;48(3):829-38. https://doi.org/10.1002/art.10954
[3]. Chang KV, Hung CY, Wu WT, Han DS, Yang RS, Lin CP. Comparison of the Effectiveness of Suprascapular Nerve Block With Physical Therapy, Placebo, and Intra-Articular Injection in Management of Chronic Shoulder Pain: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2016 Aug;97(8):1366-80 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apmr.2015.11.00
[4]. Chung SW, Park JS, Kim SH, Shin SH, Oh JH. Quality of life after arthroscopic rotator cuff repair: evaluation using SF-36 and an analysis of affecting clinical factors. Am J Sports Med 2012;40:631-9.http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0363546511430309

Abstract: Background: Pneumonia is the leading cause of sepsis, which can progress to severe sepsis, septic shock & death. Timely and effective initial assessment, decisions on site of care, management are crucial to improving outcome (1). This condition imposes a heavy burden on the healthcare system in terms of its high cost both for diagnosing and treating the condition as well as for the hospital and ICU stay. Blood lactate is regarded as an effective biomarker of tissue hypoperfusion and organ dysfunction (2) (3) (4). To patients with sepsis, elevated lactate has given physicians a quantitative marker of abnormal physiology to support risk stratification and as a treatment end point in sepsis. Elevated lactate is independently associated with mortality rate in critically ill patients (5) (6). By adding lactate.....

Keywords: Lactate CURB-65, CURB-65, Mortality, ICU admission, Community Acquired Pneumonia

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[3]. Trzeciak S DRCMAR. Serum lactate as a predictor of mortality in patients with infection. Intensive Care medicine. 2007 june; 33(6).
[4]. Shaprio NI HMTD. Serum lactate as a predictor of mortality in emergency department patients with infection. Ann Emerg Med. 2005; 45(5): p. 524-528.
[5]. wacharasint P NTBJ. Normal range blood lactate concentration in septic shock is prognostic and predictive. SHOCK. 2012; 38(1): p. 4-11.

Abstract: Background: COPD is one of the top 3 causes of death worldwide according to gold 2022 report. Most of the death happens during an acute exacerbation.Though exacerbations are so common in COPD patients, there is no widely accepted prognostic scoring system to assess the severity of exacerbation and predicting the prognosis and outcome of the patient at presentation. In this study a prognostic scoring score called CAUDA 70 is used to assess and predict the outcomes of patients with COPD. Materials and Methods: In this hospital based prospective observational study, 93 patients of COPD who fulfilled the inclusion and exclusion criteria were studied over a period of 1year.Data including demographic profile and a detailed history of......

Key Word: CAUDA 70; COPDAE; Prognosis; Outcome; Mortality

[1]. GOLD-REPORT-2022-v1.1-22Nov2021_WMV.pdf.
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[5]. Dreibelbis JE, Józefowicz RF. Neurologic complications of respiratory disease. Neurologic clinics. 2010 Feb 1;28(1):37-43.0.

Abstract: Background. We performed prospective validation of the cancer ratio (serum LDH: pleural ADA ratio),and assessed the effect of combining it with "pleural lymphocyte count"i.ecancer ratio plus in diagnosing malignant pleural effusion (MPE). Methods. Prospective cohort study of patients hospitalized with lymphocyte predominant exudative pleural effusion in 2022. Results.59 patients, 42(71.18%) having MPE and 17 (28.8%) having tuberculous pleural effusion (TPE), were analysed. In multivariate logistic regression analysis, cancer ratio, serum LDH: pleural fluid lymphocyte count ratio, and "cancer ratio plus" (ratio of cancer ratio and pleural fluid lymphocyte count) correlated positively with MPE. The sensitivity and specificity.....

Key word: pleural effusion, cancer ratio, cancer ratioplus, pleural lymphocyte count

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Abstract: To correlate the findings of ovarian masses on gray scale imaging and colour Doppler study with the CA-125
 To study the role of gray scale imaging in characterization of ovarian masses.
 To study the role of colour Doppler in characterization of ovarian masses.

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[2]. Carter J, Saltzmann A , Hartenbach E, Fowler J, Carson L, Twigs LB.Flow characteristics in benign and malignant gynaecologic tumours using transvaginal colour flow Doppler. Obstet Gynecol. 1994;83:125-130.
[3]. Fleischer A, Peery C, Cullinan J. Serial assessment of pelvic masses with transvaginal colour Doppler ultrasonography. Ultrasound Med Biol.1995;306:756-767.
[4]. Buy JN, Ghossain M et al. Characterisation of Adnexal Masses: Combination of Colour Doppler and conventional sonography compared with Spectral Doppler analysis and conventional sonography alone. AJR. 1996; 166:385-93.
[5]. KB Taori,KR Mitra,NP Ghonge,SN Ghonge:Doppler determinants of ovarian malignancy:Experience with 60 patients.IJRI. 2002; 12(2): 245-249..

Abstract: Background: This study compares endoscopic and microscopic tympanoplasty for the treatment of chronic otitis media (COM) without cholesteatoma. Conventional Microscopic Ear Surgery (MES) using a post-auricular approach remains the most common tympanoplasty technique. However, the evolution of endoscopes and other instruments has made Endoscopic Ear Surgery (EES) far more powerful, particularly in the management of ear disease. Trans canal Endoscopic Ear Surgery (TEES) permits wide-angle vision at a high resolution while enabling magnification of the structures of the middle ear as well as the direct visualization of hidden areas, such as the hypotympanum....

Key Word: Chronic Otitis Media, Endoscopic tympanoplasty, Microscopic tympanoplasty

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[3]. Akyigit A, Sakallıoglu O, Karlidag T. Endoscopic tympanoplasty. J Otol. 2017 Jun;12(2):62-67. doi: 10.1016/j.joto.2017.04.004. Epub 2017 Apr 28. PMID: 29937839..
[4]. Huang TY, Ho KY, Wang LF, Chien CY, Wang HM. A Comparative Study of Endoscopic and Microscopic Approach Type 1 Tympanoplasty for Simple Chronic Otitis Media. J Int Adv Otol. 2016 Apr;12(1):28-31. doi: 10.5152/iao.2015.1011. PMID: 27340979.
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