iosr-JDMS   Volume-21 ~ Issue-7 ~ July 2022

Abstract: Aim of the study: The aim of the study was to conduct a randomized clinical trial to compare the effect of Motor Relearning Programme versus Bobath Approach on Functional Mobility in Hemiplegic Patients. Methodology: 30 hemiplegic patients both male and female with recovery stage 2 were included in the study on the basis of inclusion and exclusion criteria. The patients were divided into two groups by random number table. Group A (n=15) received Motor Relearning Programme and Group B (n=15) received Bobath Approach. Treatment was given for 6 days/ week for 6 weeks. The outcomes were assessed with the help of Motor Assessment Scale (MAS), Barthel index (BI) and Functional Independence Measure (FIM). Result: The result showed that there was significant improvement in BI, MAS and FIM in both the groups after 6 weeks of the treatment. But when compared between group A & B; group A showed significant improvement (p<0.001) as compared to group B......

Keywords: Bobath Approach; Functional Mobility; Hemiplegia; Motor Relearning Programme.

[1]. Kannabiran B, Cathrine S, Nagarani R, Senthil R.K, Sahayarah S.M. A Study on Efficacy of Bobath Technique and Motor Relearning Programme on Functional Activities in Hemiplegic Patients. International Journal of Neurorehabilitation. 2016; 3(6):1-5.
[2]. Kanase SB. A study on Effect of Motor Relearning Programme and Conventional Training on Functional Mobility in Post Stroke Patients. Indian Journal of Public Health Research & Development. 5.2020; 11(5).496-501.
[3]. Truelsen T, Begg S, Mathers C. Cerebrovascular Disease. The Global Burden of Disease. 2000; 1-67.
[4]. Saini V, Guada L, Yavagal DR. Global Epidemiology of Stroke and Access to Acute Ischemic Stroke Interventions. Neurology 2021; 97:S6-S16. [5]. GBD 2019 Stroke Collaborators. Global, regional, and national burden of stroke and its risk factors, 1990–2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. The Lancet Neurology. 2021;20(10):795-820. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1474-4422(21)00252-0.

Abstract: Background: Morphological methods for age estimation from teeth have been developed and applied to samples without taking the postmortem interval into consideration. Dental color, translucency, length, attrition, cementum apposition and secondary dentin showed higher values from human skeletal remains than in fresh extracted teeth .Gustafson suggested the uss of six retrogressive changes and ranked them accordinr to degree of the change.. . Due to error in this morphometric method several modification were done in subsequent studies but nothing stood the test of time. Objective: The objective of this study is to determine dental age using OPG in Bihar population by Gustafsons method........

Keywords: OPG, Gustafsons Method,Dental Age

[1]. Hoppa RD, Vaupal JW. Paleodomography Age Distributions from Skeletal Samples, Cambridge Studies in Biological and Evolutionary Anthropology: Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2002 (31).
[2]. Buikstra JE, Ubelaker DH. Standards for Data Collection from Human Skeletal Remains. Research Series Fayetteville: Arkansas Archeological Survey, 1994 (44).
[3]. Jackes M. Building the basis for Paleodomographic Analysis: Adult Age Determination. In : Katzenberg MA, Saunders SR, Editors. Biological Anthropology of the Human Skeleton. New York: John Wiley and Sons, Inc. 2001, pp. 417-466.
[4]. Kemkes - Grottenthaler A. Aging through the ages: Historical perspectives on age indicator methods: In Hoopa RD, Vahpel JW. Editors: Paleodemography. Age distributions from skeletal samples. Cambridge Studies in Biological and Evolutionary Anthropology. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press (31), 2002, pp. 48-72.
[5]. Gustafson G. Age determination on teeth. Journal of the American Dental Association 1950 (41), pp. 45-54.

Abstract: In today's era of digital dentistry, dental photography plays a major role as an "informative tool" in diagnosis and treatment planning, documentation of cases, to communicate with lab technician and other specialist for a multidisciplinary approach. These all can be achieved only by an ideal photograph which have proper amount of exposure, sharpness and color-contrast. The lack of knowledge on the equipment, technique and advancements has restricted its appropriate usage. This article stresses on dental photography and different practical aspects which are required to understand photography in the field of dentistry.

Key Word:Digital dental photography,Innovative technique,clinical photography,documentation

[1]. Galante DL. History and current use of clinical photography in orthodontics. J Calif Dent Assoc. 2009;37(3):173–174.
[2]. Curtin, DP. A short course books. The textbook of digital photography. 3rd ed. Massachusetts: Short Courses Com; 2011. 44 p
[3]. American Academy of Cosmetic Dentistry. Photographic documentation and evaluation in cosmetic dentistry: a guide to accreditation photography. Madison, USA. 2009:16.
[4]. Bengel W. Mastering Digital Dental Photography. 1st ed. New Maiden, Surry (UK): Quintessence Publishers; 2006.
[5]. Yoo A. 10 reasons why dental photography should be an essential part of your practice. Dent Econ 2014; 104:1-7
[6]. Hegde MN, Sodvadiya UB. Photography in dentistry: A perspective. J Otolaryngol ENT Res. 2020;12(5):161‒165. DOI: 10.15406/joentr.2020.12.00476.

Abstract: Background:Renal stone disease is a common health problem. Removal of ureteric stones has been revolutionized by the introduction of ureteroscopes and intracorporeal lithotripsy using Holmium laser.Ureteroscopic lithotripsies are commonly performed under general or regional anesthesia and few studies have explored the feasibility of URSL using Holmium laser under local anesthesia. Our study was undertaken to assess the success rate, pain perception, tolerability and complications of URSL with Holmium laser under local anesthesia for ureteric stones....

Keywords: ureteral stones, ureteroscopic lithotripsy, local anesthesia

[1]. Du J, Johnston R, Rice M. Temporal trends of acute nephrolithiasis in Auckland, New Zealand. N Z Med J 2009; 24; 13–20
[2]. Long LO, Park S. Update on nephrolithiasis management. Minerva Urol Nefrol 2007; 59: 317–25
[3]. Coe FL, Worcester EM. Calcium kidney stones. N Engl J Med 2010; 363: 954–63
[4]. Yalcinkaya F, Topaloglu H, Ozmen E, Unal S. Is general anesthesia necessary for URS in women? Int Urol Nephro 1 996; 28:153-6.
[5]. Abdel-Razzak O, Bagley DH. The 6.9 Frsemirigidureteroscope in clinical use. Urology 1993; 41:45-8.

Abstract: Background: Calcium circulates in the blood in 3 forms.Approximately 50% circulates as ionizedCa+2.Most of the laboratories measure total calcium (TCa) and adjust it for albumin concentration if < 4 gm/dl to predict the true calcium status. However, this albumin-adjusted Ca(Adj-Ca)is less reliable predictor of true calcium in the patients of CKD. So,the present study was planned to compare the results of TCa and Adj-Ca with ionizedCa+2in control & CRF patients and assess whether Adj-Ca is a reliable indicator of true Ca+2in patients of CKD or not? Materials and Methods: This study was carried out in SSG Hospital,Vadodaraon patients attending medicine OPD having normal.......

Key Words: Total calcium,Albumin adjusted calcium,Ionized Ca+2 ,chronic kidney disease (CKD).

[1]. Hill Gallant KM, Spiegel DM. Calcium Balance in Chronic Kidney Disease. Curr Osteoporos Rep. 2017 Jun;15(3):214-221. doi: 10.1007/s11914-017-0368-x. PMID: 28474258; PMCID: PMC5442193. [2]. Fraser SD, Blakeman T. Chronic kidney disease: identification and management in primary care. Pragmat Obs Res. 2016 Aug 17;7:21-32. doi: 10.2147/POR.S97310. PMID: 27822135; PMCID: PMC5087766.
[3]. Smith JD, Wilson S, Schneider HG. Misclassification of Calcium Status Based on Albumin-Adjusted Calcium: Studies in a Tertiary Hospital Setting. Clin Chem. 2018 Dec;64(12):1713-1722. doi: 10.1373/clinchem.2018.291377. Epub 2018 Oct 23. PMID: 30352866.
[4]. Devi C S, Ramya R, Suma H R, Naidu J N, Naidu M P, A study of comparison between ionized calcium and albumin corrected calcium in patients with chronic kidney disease. Int J Clin Biochem Res 2018;5(2):284-287
[5]. Mir, Altaf Ahmad et al. "Comparison Between Measured and Calculated Free Calcium Values at Different Serum Albumin Concentrations." Journal of laboratory physicians vol. 8,2 (2016): 71-6. doi:10.4103/0974-2727.180785

Abstract: Infertility is a disease of male or female reproductive system defined by the failure to achieve a pregnancy after 12 months of unprotected sexual intercourse. Globally, around 15% of couplein reproductive are affected by infertility.Semenanalysis is a gold standard technique in identifying the male factor. Men should accept their responsibility and move forward for infertility testing. Amidst social, physical and economical set back infertility causes psychological distress among couple.Environmental and lifestyle factors such as smoking, excessive alcohol intake, obesity and exposure to environmental pollutants have been associated with lower fertility rates. This study evaluates the prevalence of abnormal semen parameters (33.5%) and impact of alcohol on malefertility (1.8 times greater risk).

Keywords: Male Infertility, Alcohol intake, Semen parameters, Reproductive potential, Lifestyle Modifications

[1]. World Health Organization. Reproductive Health and Research. Reproductive health indicators: guidelines for their generation, interpretation and analysis for globalmonitoring. World Health Organization; 2006. at https://www.who.int/reproductivehealth/publications/monitoring/924156315x/en/,accessed 7/7/2022. [2]. Mishra, P., Negi, M.P.S., Srivastava, M. et al. Decline in seminal quality in Indian men over the last 37 years. Reproductive Biology Endocrinology 16, 103 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12958-018-0425-z .
[3]. NeenaViswabharan, MuruganManavalan. Sperm Abnormalities: In the Male Partners of Infertile Couples from Kanyakumari District. January 2021. International Journal of Infertility and Fetal Medicine 11(1):16-19.
[4]. WHO laboratory manual for the Examination and processing of human semen. WHO Manual. 5th ed. Geneva: WHO; 2010.
[5]. Bhaduri N, Sarkar AP, Dewasi N, Ghosh TK. Abnormalities in semen analysis among male partners of infertile couples: a study in a tertiary care level hospital of West Bengal, India. Int J ReprodContraceptObstet Gynecol. 2015; 4:100-2

Abstract: This was a prospective study done on 25 patients with total absence of capsular bag & history of trauma leading to traumatic cataract, dislocated lens or complicated cataract surgery causing aphakia were included in the study which was conducted at Ophthalmology department of R.N.T Medical College, M.B Hospital, Udaipur from May 2019 to December 2020. These patients were assessed for visual outcome and complications after implantation of scleral- fixated intraocular lens (SFIOL).A detailed ocular examination was done for all patients . SFIOL implantation showed goodvisual outcome in absence of any complication.

Keywords: SFIOL, Ab-Externo, Aphakia, BCVA

[1]. Por YM, Lavin MJ, Technique of Intraocular lens suspension in absence of capsular/zonular support. Ophthalmology 2005;429-62.
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[5]. intraocular lens fixation. J Cataract Refract Surg 2007;33:1851–1854.
[6]. Gelman RA, Garg S. Novel yamane technique modification for haptic exposureafter glued intrascleral haptic fixation. Am J Ophthalmol Case Rep 2019; 14:101–104.

Abstract: The occurrence of cancer and pregnancy is relatively rare, occuring in about 1 in 1000 pregnancies1. The most common tumors diagnosed during pregnancy are breast and cervical cancer followed by melanoma, leukemia and lymphoma. Acute leukemia is uncommon during pregnancy. It affects approximately 1 in 75,000 pregnancies. A Total of 28% of leukemia cases diagnosed during pregnancy are ALL while AML and CML represent the remainder. The management of a pregnant patient with malignancy is very challenging and requires a multidisciplinary approach........

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Abstract: Endodontics is the study of pulp and periapical tissue disorder. Many facets of the supporting mechanisms are addressed in periodontal rehabilitation, including the prevention and recovery of gingival sulcus lesions. The removal of all disease mechanisms, whether they occur independently or as a combination lesion, is critical to the effectiveness of endodontic therapy and periodontal therapy. For several years, the link between endodontic and periodontal disorder has been a source of debate. The aim of this article is to provide a concise overview of various aspects of endo-perio lesions.

Keywords: Endo-perio lesions, classification, diagnosis, treatment

[1]. Dr. Syed WaliPeeran et al. Endo-Perio Lesions International Journal of Scientific & Technology Research Volume 2, Issue 5, May 2013
[2]. Dako T, Lazar AP, Bica Cl, Lazar L. Endo-perio lesions: diagnosis and interdisciplinary treatment. Acta StomatologicaMarisiensis 2020;3(1)257-261
[3]. Parolia, et al. Endo-perio lesion: A dilemma from 19th until 21st century Journal of Interdisciplinary Dentistry, Jan-Apr 2013, Vol-3, Issue-1
[4]. Khaled Y, Pahuja BK. Condition requiring endodontic treatment to maintain the integrity of periodontium. J Dent Maxillofacial Res. (2019);2(3):54-58.
[5]. Sharma R, Gupta A, Gupta KK, Jameel S, Kapoor R, Khan MA. Revisit to endo-perio lesion a review. IP International Journal of Periodontology and Implantology 2020;5(2):48–52.

Abstract: Crossed testicular ectopia is a rare anomaly of testicular descent, in which both testis lie on the same side .it is usually associated with other genitourinary anomalies. We report a case of crossed testicular ectopia in an 8yr old boy who presented left inguinal hernia. Diagnosis was made on USG and MRI which was surgically confirmed.

Keywords: ectopic , inguinal hernia

[1]. Salah, Sami E.E.; Elhaj, Khalid I.; Awadelseed, Yasir O.M.; Mohammed, Sami G.E.E. Crossed testicular ectopia, Annals of Pediatric Surgery: October 2016 - Volume 12 - Issue 4 - p 170-172
[2]. Kimura T. TRANSVERSE ECTOPY OF THE TESTIS WITH MASCULINE UTERUS. Ann Surg. 1918 Oct;68(4):420-5.
[3]. doi: 10.1097/00000658-191810000-00009. PMID: 17864003; PMCID: PMC1426888.
[4]. Berg AA. VIII. Transverse Ectopy of the Testis. Ann Surg. 1904 Aug;40(2):223-4.
[5]. PMID: 17861500; PMCID: PMC1425736..

Abstract: One to three percent of all cerebral tumours are benign tumours called craniopharyngiomas, which come in two varieties: the childhood type, which affects children between the ages of 5 and 10, and the adult form, which affects patients between the ages of 50 and 60. The initial symptoms include visual, endocrine, hypothalamic, neurological, and neurophysiological manifestations, and they progress over time. The preferred course of action is surgery. Adjuvant therapies include included intra tumoral injection of chemotherapy medicines, gamma knife, and postoperative radiotherapy.In this study, we evaluated the role of endoscopy in assisting microscopic surgical removal of craniopharyngioma. Eleven patients underwent surgery. Using the subfrontal technique and a microscope.......

Keywords: Craniopharyngiomas, Endoscopy, Microscopy, Surgery

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