iosr-JDMS   Volume-24 ~ Issue-4 ~ April 2025

Abstract: Bilateral nephroblastoma accounts for 4-8% of all Wilms tumors (WT). Nephroblastomatosis (NB) is characterized by the presence of numerous or diffuse nephrogenic rests (NRs). These lesions are always present in bilateral nephroblastoma and can be better recognized using computed tomography (CT). Treatment is a comprehensive strategy that includes chemotherapy, surgery, and radiotherapy. Bilateral nephroblastoma accompanied with NB is uncommon, leading to inconsistent treatment options and a lack of standard methods and facilities in our region.......

Keywords: Bilateral nephroblastoma, 4 year old boy, Nephroblastomatosis

[1] Jouini, R., Maazoun, K., Chelly, S., Mekki, M., Belgnith, M., & Nouri, A. (2003). Nephroblastoma And Wilms Tumor: Report Of 2 Cases [Article In French]. Progrès En Urologie, 13(2), 273–276.
[2] Charlton, J., Irtan, S., Bergeron, C., & Pritchard-Jones, K. (2017). Bilateral Wilms Tumour: A Review Of Clinical And Molecular Features. Expert Review Of Molecular Medicine, 19, E8. Https://Doi.Org/10.1017/Erm.2017.9
[3] Shamberger, R. C., Haase, G. M., Argani, P., Et Al. (2006). Bilateral Wilms' Tumors With Progressive Or Nonresponsive Disease. Journal Of Pediatric Surgery, 41(4), 652–657. Https://Doi.Org/10.1016/J.Jpedsurg.2005.11.063
[4] Perlman, E., & Boccon-Gibod, L. (2004). Kidney Tumors In Childhood [Article In French]. Annales De Pathologie, 24(6), 516–535.
[5] Dumba, M., Jawad, N., & Mchugh, K. (2015). Neuroblastoma And Nephroblastoma: A Radiological Review. Cancer Imaging, 15(1), 5.

Abstract: Summary : Acute ischemia is a vascular emergency that can jeopardize both life and function. Treatment can be surgical or endovascular. This case concerns a 57-year-old patient with acute upper limb ischemia treated with a left carotid-subclavian bypass using a prosthetic graft.

Keywords : Ischemia, Surgery, Bypass

[1] R.Denguir, Chirurgie De L'artériopathie Du Membre Supérieur Secondaire À Des Lésions De L'artère Sous Clavière, Université Tunis El Manar.
[2] Bergqvist D, Ericsson BF, Konrad Md, Bergentz SE. Arterial Surgery Of The Upper Extremity. World J Surg 1983; 7:786- 91.
[3] Spinelli F, Benedetto F, Passari G Et Al. Bypass Surgery For The Treatment Of Upper Limb Chronic Ischaemia. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg 2010; 39:165-70.
[4] Iscovisi X, Fabiani Jn, Renoudin Jn Et Al. Prevertebral Lesions Of Subclavian Artery:Long Term Results Of Reconstructive Surgery And Percutaneous Angioplasty. J Vasc Surg 1985; 10:138-8.
[5] Battisti G, Stio F, Brescia A Et Al. Il Furtodella Succlavia: Note Di Fisiopatologia A Nostra Asperienza Neltrattemento Con Il By-Bass Intersucclavia. Ann Ital Chir 1986; 58:183- 203.

Abstract: The prevertebral space is a potential space between the prevertebral fascia and the underlying vertebral bodies and deep cervical musculature. It extends down the entire length of the vertebral column to the coccyx. However, dense fibrous attachments between the prevertebral fascia and deep cervical muscles tend to contain prevertebral infections and help prevent longitudinal spread.(1) Diseases of these spaces are uncommon but can result in significant morbidity.......

[1] Vieira, F., Allen, S. M., Stocks, R. M. S., & Thompson, J. W. (2008). Deep Neck Infection. Otolaryngologic Clinics Of North America, 41(3), 459–483.
[2] Wong YK, Novotny GM. Retropharyngeal Space - A Review Of Anatomy, Pathology, And Clinical Presentation. J Otolaryngol. 1978;7(6):528–36 [3] Arshia A, Qasem S. Deep Fibrous Histiocytoma. Pathologyoutlines.Com Website. Https://Www.Pathologyoutlines.Com/Topic/Skintumornonmelanocyticdeepbfh.Html. Accessed April 1st, 2025. [4] Liu S, Zhou X, Song A, Et Al. Management Of Giant Benign Fibrous Histiocytoma In The Spinal Region With Pleural Involvement: A Case Report. Medicine (Baltimore). 2019;98(39):E17144. [5] Gleason BC, Fletcher CD. Deep "Benign" Fibrous Histiocytoma: Clinicopathologic Analysis Of 69 Cases Of A Rare Tumor Indicating Occasional Metastatic Potential. Am J Surg Pathol. 2008 Mar;32(3):354-62..

Abstract: Background: Klebsiella pneumoniae is a Gram-negative bacilli, non-motile, facultative anaerobe and capsulated producing characteristic lactose fermenting mucoid colonies on Mac Conkey agar. It is associated with both community-acquired as well as hospital-acquired infections, and is a known etiological agent of pneumonia, urinary tract infection, septicemia and various pyogenic infections. It is intrinsically resistant to ampicillin and ticarcillin and over the.......

Keywords: Klebsiella pneumoniae, multi-drug-resistant, Gram-negative bacilli

[1]. Ashurst JV, Dawson A. Klebsiella Pneumonia. In: Statpearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): Statpearls Publishing; 2023 Jan-. Available From: Https://Www.Ncbi.Nlm.Nih.Gov/Books/NBK519004/
[2]. Amandeep Kaur Saini, Amandeep Kaur. Antibiogram Of Klebsiella Pneumoniae Isolated From Urine Samples In A Tertiary Care Hospital Of Western Punjab. SSRG Int. J. Med. Sci. 2020;7(9):7- 11.
[3]. Hafiz Shoaib Ali, Muhammad Sharaz, Umaira Ahsan. Prevalence And Antibiogram Of Klebsiella Species From Urine And Tracheal Samples From ICU Patients Of Sheikh Zayed Medical College/Hospital, Rahim Yar Khan. Pak J Med Health Sci 2018;12(3):881-4
[4]. Jalal NA, Al-Ghamdi AM, Momenah AM, Ashgar SS, Bantun F, Bahwerth FS, Hariri SH, Johargy AK, Barhameen AA, Al-Said HM, Faidah H. Prevalence And Antibiogram Pattern Of Klebsiella Pneumoniae In A Tertiary Care Hospital In Makkah, Saudi Arabia: An 11-Year Experience. Antibiotics. 2023; 12(1):164.
[5]. Collee JG, Duguid JP, Fraser AG, Marmion BP, Simmons A. 14. Laboratory Strategy In The Diagnosis Of Infective Syndromes. In: Collee JG, Fraser AG, Marmion BP, Simmons A, Editors. Mackie & Mccartney Practical Medical Microbiology, 14th Ed. New York: Churchill Livingstone; 1999;84-90

Abstract: Background: Surgical site infections (SSIs) represent a significant challenge in clinical settings, being among the most prevalent healthcare-associated infections. These infections not only exacerbate patient morbidity but also increase the duration of hospital stays and overall healthcare costs. Understanding the microbial landscape and efficacy of.....

Keywords: Surgical site infections, antimicrobial agents, antibiotics, antimicrobial susceptibility and healthcare- associated infections.

[1]. Ching, P. R. (2024). Care Bundles In Surgical Site Infection Prevention: A Narrative Review. Current Infectious Disease Reports, 26(6), 163-172.
[2]. Kubo, A., Fujita, K., Tanaka, S., Kimura, Y., & Wada, N. (2025). The Impact Of Perioperative Oral Care On Postoperative Infection In Patients With Esophageal Cancer: A Retrospective Cohort Study Before And During COVID-19. Surgery Today, 1-9.
[3]. Kolasiński, W. (2019). Surgical Site Infections–Review Of Current Knowledge, Methods Of Prevention. Polish Journal Of Surgery, 91(4), 41-47.
[4]. Krizek, T. J., & Robson, M. C. (1976). Evolution Of Quantitative Bacteriology In Wound Management. Journal Of Trauma And Acute Care Surgery, 16(4), 327.

Abstract: The pairing of an Intrauterine pregnancy and an ectopically located pregnancy is rare, and the most common dyad is an Intrauterine pregnancy and an ampullary tubal pregnancy. The natural incidence of heterotopic pregnancies is approximately 1 in 30,000 pregnancies. However, with Assisted Reproductive Technologies the incidence rate is higher 9 in 10,000 pregnancies. Rates of rupture are higher in heterotopic pregnancies as Intrauterine pregnancies are seen on ultrasonography and an ectopic may not be visualized. In this case, a 32-year-old patient came.....

Keywords: Heterotopic Pregnancy, Exploratory Laparotomy, Tubal Ectopic, Term Gestation, C-section

[1] Dubbewar A, Srivastava A, Hiremath RN, Ghodke S, Chourey N, Sreenivas A. A Rare Case Of Spontaneous Heterotopic Pregnancy With Intrauterine Gestational Trophoblastic Neoplasia And Tubal Ectopic Pregnancy At A Remote Secondary Care Hospital. J Family Med Prim Care. 2022 Jul;11(7):3996-3998. Doi: 10.4103/Jfmpc.Jfmpc_2448_21. Epub 2022 Jul 22. PMID: 36387733; PMCID: PMC9648282.
[2] Elsayed S, Farah N, Anglim M. Heterotopic Pregnancy: Case Series And Review Of Diagnosis And Management. Case Rep Obstet Gynecol. 2023 May 5;2023:2124191. Doi: 10.1155/2023/2124191. PMID: 37187915; PMCID: PMC10181901.
[3] Vaishnav V. A Very Rare Case Of Heterotopic Pregnancy In Natural Conception With Ectopic Pregnancy As Partial Mole! J Obstet Gynaecol India. 2014 Dec;64(6):433-5. Doi: 10.1007/S13224-013-0426-Y. Epub 2013 Aug 30. PMID: 25489149; PMCID: PMC4257919.
[4] Flmban MM, Mohammed RH, Alshehri HM, Aljuhani SA, Baamer RF, Alsahafi NA, Aljedani AM. Spontaneous Heterotopic Pregnancy: A Case Report Of A Rare And Critical Obstetric Condition. Cureus. 2025 Jan 6;17(1):E77020. Doi: 10.7759/Cureus.77020. PMID: 39764480; PMCID: PMC11703543.
[5] Nguyen KP, Hudspeth M, Milestone H. Spontaneous Heterotopic Pregnancy: Diagnosis And Management. Case Rep Obstet Gynecol. 2022 Jul 26;2022:2994808. Doi: 10.1155/2022/2994808. PMID: 35928785; PMCID: PMC9345693..

Abstract: Background: Magnesium is an essential ion in the body, playing a crucial role in various physiological processes, including enzyme function, blood pressure regulation, and neuromuscular conduction. Disruptions in magnesium balance, such as hypomagnesaemia and hypermagnesaemia, are frequently encountered in clinical practice and can complicate patient management. However, magnesium.....

Keywords: Magnesium, Hypomagnesaemia, Hypermagnesaemia, Paediatrics,

[1] Al Alawi MA, Majoni SW, Falhamma H. Magnesium And Human Health: Perspectives And Research Directions. International Journal Of Endocrinology. 2018;9041694:1-18
[2] Ashique S, Kumar S, Hussain A, Mishra N, Garg A, Gowda BHJ, Et Al. A Narrative Review On The Role Of Magnesium In Immune Regulation, Inflammation, Infectious Diseases, And Cancer. J Health Popul Nutr. 2023;42:74.
[3] Salinas M, Flores E, López-Garrigós M, Puche C, Leiva-Salinas C. Automatic Laboratory Interventions To Unmask And Treat Hypomagnesemia In The Emergency Department, Clinical Biochemistry. 2020;75:48-52.
[4] Dinicolantonio JJ, O'Keefe JH, Wilson W. Subclinical Magnesium Deficiency: A Principal Driver Of Cardiovascular Disease And A Public Health Crisis. Open Heart. 2018 Jan 13;5(1):E000668.
[5] Odusan OO, Familoni OB, Odewabi AO, Idowu AO, Adekolade AS. Patterns And Correlates Of Serum Magnesium Levels In Subsets Of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients In Nigeria. Indian J Endocrinol Metab. 2017 May-Jun;21(3):439-442.

Abstract: An infected diabetic foot ulcer is the common cause of morbidity in diabetic patients leading to the complications like gangrene and amputation. Illuminate, A Device that helps in the identification and type of bacteria (Gram positive or negative) and In point of care settings by Multispectral autofluorescence imaging is considered simple, affordable,and non-time consuming and initiates appropriate antibiotics without any delay. The device excites the bacterial organisms with ultraviolet....

[1] Ottolino‐Perry K, Chamma E, Blackmore KM, Lindvere‐Teene L, Starr D, Tapang K, Rosen CF, Pitcher B, Panzarella T, Linden R, Dacosta RS. Improved Detection Of Clinically Relevant Wound Bacteria Using Autofluorescence Image‐Guided Sampling In Diabetic Foot Ulcers. International Wound Journal. 2017 Oct;14(5):833-41.[2] Viswanathan V, Govindan S, Selvaraj B, Rupert S, Kumar R. A Clinical Study To Evaluate Autofluorescence Imaging Of Diabetic Foot Ulcers Using A Novel Artificial Intelligence Enabled Noninvasive Device. The International Journal Of Lower Extremity Wounds. 2021 Oct 7:15347346211047098.
[3] Parekh JN, Soni P, Meena MK, Tandel CK, Radhakrishanan G. A New Device And Technology For Detecting Bacterial Infection And Its Gram Type In Diabetic Foot Ulcer. Indian Journal Of Surgery. 2022 Jan 4:1-6.
[4] Bansal E, Garg A, Bhatia S, Attri AK, Chander J. Spectrum Of Microbial Flora In Diabetic Foot Ulcers. Indian Journal Of Pathology And Microbiology. 2008 Apr 1;51(2):204.
[5] Fraiwan L, Alkhodari M, Ninan J, Mustafa B, Saleh A, Ghazal M. Diabetic Foot Ulcer Mobile Detection System Using Smartphone Thermal Camera: A Feasibility Study. Biomedical Engineering Online. 2017 Dec;16(1):1-9..

Abstract: Acute appendicitis is still a major surgical emergency in India. The risk of appendicular perforation increases when an appendectomy is delayed and may lead to sepsis. In an attempt to enhance diagnostic accuracy and decrease negative appendectomy rates, many of scoring systems are used. Alvarado scoring system which is commonly used is less accurate and hence RIPASA scoring system is now being used in diagnosis of acute appendicitis. In our study we....

Keywords: Appendicitis, RIPASA, ALVARADO..

[1] Gilmore OJ, Browett JP, Griffin PH, Et Al(1975) Appendicitis And Mimicking Conditions. A Prospective Study. Lancet. ;2(7932):421-4.
[2] Andersson RE, Hugander A, Thulin AJ(1992)Diagnostic Accuracy And Perforation Rate In Appendicitis: Association With Age And Sex Of The Patient And With Appendicectomy Rate. Eur J Surg;158(1):3741.
[3] Hoffmann J, Rasmussen OO(1989) Aids In The Diagnosis Of Acute Appendicitis. Br J Surg;76(8):774-9.
[4] Kanumba ES, Mabula JB, Rambau Petal.(2011) Modified Alvarado Scoring System As A Diagnostic Tool For Acute Appendicitis At Bugando Medical Centre, Mwanza, Tanzania. BMC Surg;11:4.
[5] Alvarado A(1986). A Practical Score For The Early Diagnosis Of Acute Appendicitis. Ann Emerg Med;15:557-64..

Abstract: Background Hearing is one of the most vital senses, and its restoration remains a primary concern for ENT surgeons.This comparative study aims to evaluate and enhance our understanding of different graft materials used in Type I tympanoplasty, focusing on graft uptake and audiological outcomes in young patients. Materials and Methods This study was conducted.........

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Abstract: The search for minimally invasive procedures for rejuvenation and improvement of flaccidity in the genital region has grown significantly in recent years. Among the emerging technologies, the use of endolaser with a wavelength of 980 nm has stood out as an innovative approach to the treatment of sagging outer lips. This technique uses laser energy to promote collagen contraction, stimulate neocollagenesis, and improve tissue firmness, offering an effective and safe alternative for patients who want natural and long-lasting results.
The region of the outer lips....

Keywords: Endolaser, intimate harmonization, 980 nm, gynecology, vulva sagging, skin sagging.

[1] Goldstein, A. T.; Pukall, C. F.; Simpson, R. C. Vulvovaginal Disorders: Diagnosis And Management. Cambridge University Press, 2020.
[2] Moleiro, D;; Leite, Mpf; Ruiz-Silva, Kr; Ruiz-Silva, C; Neto, Jp; Montagner-Moura, Je.; Sobral, J. Use Of Endolaser For Female Intimate Harmonization. Reduction Of Localized Fat In The Pubic Symphysis. Iosr Journal Of Dental And Medical Sciences (Iosr-Jdms) E-Issn: 2279-0853, P-Issn: 2279-0861.Volume 24, Issue 2 Ser. 1 (February. 2025), Pp 56-64
[3] Donders Ggg, Bellen G, Ruban Ks. Abnormal Vaginal Microbioma Is Associated With Severity Of Localized Provoked Vulvodynia. Role Of Aerobic Vaginitis And Candida In The Pathogenesis Of Vulvodynia. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 2018 Sep;37(9):1679-1685. Doi: 10.1007/S10096-018-3299-2. Epub 2018 Jun 22. Pmid: 29934834.
[4] Bergeron S, Reed Bd, Wesselmann U, Bohm-Starke N. Vulvodynia. Nat Rev Dis Primers. 2020 Apr 30;6(1):36. Doi: 10.1038/S41572-020-0164-2. Pmid: 32355269.
[5] Dhepe, V. Niteen. Anestesia Local Para Procedimentos Cosméticos. 2012. Doi: 10.5772/30944 Disponível Em: Http://Dx.Doi.Org/10.5772/30944. Acesso Em: 20 Mar. 2025.

Abstract: This research seeks to understand the function of zinc transporter and SLC30A8 gene alleles polymorphisms in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) by using a large database containing 100,000 people genotypes. In order to assess the complexity of genetics and its implication in the development of T2DM, age, BMI, blood glucose levels as well as genetic predisposition were taken into consideration during examination. The SLC30A8 gene mutations was the association, revealed by the data analysis, with T2DM; this means that personalized risk assessment can be based on the patient's....

Keywords: type 2 diabetes mellitus, zinc transporter, SLC30A8 gene polymorphisms, machine learning, economic analysis

[1] Pipal, K.V., Mamtani, M., Patel, A.A., Jaiswal, S.G., Jaisinghani, M.T. And Kulkarni, H., 2022. Susceptibility Loci For Type 2 Diabetes In The Ethnically Endogamous Indian Sindhi Population: A Pooled Blood Genome-Wide Association Study. Genes, 13(8), Pp. 1298.
[2] Alkudmani, Z.S., Aminah, A.A., Aburisheh, K.H., Alshammary, A.F. And Imran, A.K., 2023. Toll-Like Receptor 9 Gene In The Development Of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus In The Saudi Arabian Population. Biology, 12(11), Pp. 1439.
[3] Barranco-Altirriba, M., Alonso, N., Weber, R.J.M., Lloyd, G.R., Hernandez, M., Yanes, O., Capellades, J., Jankevics, A., Winder, C., Falguera, M., Franch-Nadal, J., Dunn, W.B., Perera-Lluna, A., Castelblanco, E. And Mauricio, D., 2024. Lipidome Characterisation And Sex-Specific Differences In Type 1 And Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Cardiovascular Diabetology, 23, Pp. 1-13.
[4] Bezerra, K.M.G., De Oliveira Tito Borba, Anna Karla, De Oliveira Marques, Ana Paula, Da Silva Carvalho, Queliane Gomes, Da Silva Santos, Alessandro Henrique And Da Silva Cavalcanti, Belvania,Ramos Ventura, 2023. Knowledge And Self-Efficacy In Individuals With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Enfermería Global, 22(3), Pp. 97-109.
[5] Chatzakis, C., Eleftheriades, M., Demertzidou, E., Eleftheriades, A., Koletsos, N., Lavasidis, L., Zikopoulos, A., Dinas, K. And Sotiriadis, A., 2023. Uterine Arteries Resistance In Pregnant Women With Gestational Diabetes Mellitus, Diabetes Mellitus Type 1, Diabetes Mellitus Type 2, And Uncomplicated Pregnancies. Biomedicines, 11(12), Pp. 3106.

Abstract: Background: Nasal polyps are benign growths that obstruct nasal passages, leading to chronic nasal obstruction and significant sleep disturbances, including snoring, daytime sleepiness, and impaired sleep quality. Endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) has been shown to improve these symptoms, but the impact on objective sleep metrics remains unclear.....

Keywords: Nasal polyps, chronic nasal obstruction, sleep disturbances, endoscopic sinus surgery, snoring, daytime sleepiness.

[1]. Hopkins C. Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps. New England Journal of Medicine. 2019 Jul 4;381(1):55-63.
[2]. Fokkens WJ, Lund VJ, Hopkins C, Hellings PW, Kern R, Reitsma S, Toppila-Salmi S, Bernal-Sprekelsen M, Mullol J, Alobid I, Anselmo-Lima WT. European position paper on rhinosinusitis and nasal polyps 2020. Rhinology: official organ of the International rhinologic society. 2020 Feb 20;58(Suppl 29):1-464.
[3]. Ferri S, Montagna C, Casini M, Malvezzi L, Pirola F, Russo E, Racca F, Messina MR, Puggioni F, Nappi E, Costanzo G. Sleep quality burden in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps and its modulation by dupilumab. Annals of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology. 2024 Jan 1;132(1):69-75.
[4]. Migueis DP, Lacerda GC, Lopes MC, Azevedo-Soster LM, Thuler LC, Lemes LN, Araujo-Melo MH. Obstructive sleep apnea in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps: a cross-sectional study. Sleep Medicine. 2019 Dec 1;64:43-7.
[5]. Storms W. Allergic rhinitis-induced nasal congestion: its impact on sleep quality. Primary care respiratory journal. 2008 Mar;17(1):18-2.