iosr-JDMS   Volume-24 ~ Issue-4 ~ April 2025

Abstract: Tuberculosis is known to have impacted people since thousands of years. 1 India has a significantly high burden of TB which has been greatly affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. 2 While tuberculosis can affect any organ, it most commonly involves the lung parenchyma. Only 10%–14% of all cases of tuberculosis are reported to be extrapulmonary. 3 Additionally, skeletal infections make up a proportion of about 1 to 5% within the spectrum of tuberculosis. The primary locations affected are often the vertebral column.......

[1] Hershkovitz I, Donoghue HD, Minnikin DE, May H, Lee OY, Feldman M, Galili E, Spigelman M, Rothschild BM, Bar-Gal GK. Tuberculosis Origin: The Neolithic Scenario. Tuberculosis (Edinb). 2015 Jun;95 Suppl 1:S122-6.
[2] Prasad S, Wakhlu A, Misra R, Aggarwal A, Lawrence A, Gupta RK. Features Of Extra-Spinal Musculoskeletal Tuberculosis: A Retrospective Study From An North Indian Tertiary Care Institute. Indian J Rheumatol. 2017;12:146–151.
[3] Held MFG, Hoppe S, Laubscher M, Mears S, Dix-Peek S, Zar HJ. Epidemiology Of Musculoskeletal Tuberculosis In An Area With High Disease Prevalence. Asian Spine J. 2017;11:405–411. [4] Sharma S, Juneja M, Garg A. Primary Tubercular Osteomyelitis Of The Sternum. Indian J Pediatr. 2005;72:709–10. [5] Allali N, Dafiri R. Tuberculosis Of The Sternum. J Radiol. 2005;86:655–6.

Abstract: Background: Early detection of Coronary artery disease (CAD) in asymptomatic aircrew with abnormal ECG during annual medical evaluation may identify the individual at risk. If remain unaddressed, it may result in sudden in-flight incapacitation, wherein aggressive risk management with preventive measures would be beneficial. Decision for return to flying duty in a military aircrew with double vessel coronary artery ectasia warranted evidence based approach.......

Keywords: Coronary Artery Ectasia, Aeromedical Decision.

[1]. Devabhaktuni S, Mercedes A, Diep J, Ahsan C. Coronary Artery Ectasia-A Review Of Current Literature. Curr Cardiol Rev. 2016;12(4):318-23.
[2]. Berman DS, Hachamovitch R, Kiat H, Cohen I, Cabico JA, Wang FP, Et Al. Incremental Value Of Prognostic Testing In Patients With Known Or Suspected Ischemic Heart Disease: A Basis For Optimal Utilization Of Exercise Technetium-99m Sestamibi Myocardial Per-Fusion Single-Photon Emission Computed Tomography. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1995; 26:639–47.
[3]. Hachamovitch R, Berman DS, Kiat H, Cohen I, Cabico JA, Friedman J, Et Al. Exercise Myocardial Perfusion SPECT In Patients Without Known Coronary Artery Disease: Incremental Prognostic Value And Use In Risk Stratification. Circulation. 1996; 93:905–14.
[4]. Navathe P, Drane M, Preitner C. Aeromedical Decision Making: From Principles To Practice. Aviat Space Environ Med 2014; 85:576 – 80.

Abstract: Background: Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by motor symptoms such as bradykinesia, rigidity, and postural instability. Balance impairment in PD increases fall risk and reduces quality of life. Tai Chi for Arthritis and Fall Prevention (TCA), developed by Dr.Paul Lam, is a form of Tai Chi designed to improve strength, flexibility, and balance. Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of TCA in improving balance in patients with PD........

Keywords: Parkinson's disease, Tai Chi, Balance, Fall prevention, Mini-BESTest.

[1] Jacob L, Smith L, Koyanagi A, Et Al. Association Between Osteoarthritis And Parkinson's Disease. Clin Park Relat Disord. 2021;5:100120.
[2] Massano J, Bhatia KP. Clinical Approach To Parkinson's Disease: Diagnosis And Management. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Med. 2012;2(6):A008870.
[3] Poewe W, Seppi K, Tanner CM, Et Al. Parkinson Disease. Nat Rev Dis Prim. 2017;3(1):17013.
[4] Liu HH, Yeh NC, Wu YF, Et Al. Effects Of Tai Chi On Balance In PD: A Meta-Analysis. Parkinsons Dis. 2019;2019:8248940.
[5] Li F, Harmer P, Fitzgerald K, Et Al. Tai Chi And Postural Stability In PD. N Engl J Med. 2012;366(6):511-9.

Abstract: Background: Digital media has revolutionized the way information is disseminated and consumed, particularly in medical and dental education. With the increasing reliance on online platforms for academic learning, it is crucial to assess how effectively digital media contributes to the awareness of oral diseases among dental students. This study aims to evaluate the extent to which digital media influences knowledge, perception, and attitudes toward oral disease awareness among dental students in Bengaluru, India........

Keywords: Questionnaire, Digital media, Bengaluru, Dental students, Oral diseases.

[1] World Health Organization. "Oral Health." World Health Organization, November 28, 2023. Https://Www.Who.Int/News-Room/Fact-Sheets/Detail/Oral-Health.
[2] Kakde, S., Bedi, R., & Verma, M. (2013). Oral Health Inequalities: A Call For Action To Improve Oral Health In India. International Dental Journal, 63(6), 324–328. Https://Doi.Org/10.1111/Idj.12048
[3] Srivardhini Shanmugham, Anusha, D., & Kengadaran, S. (2024). Knowledge And Practice Of Oral Hygiene Maintenance Among Dental Students: Original Article. International Journal Of Social Rehabilitation, 9(1), 19–25. Https://Doi.Org/10.56501/Intjsocrehab.V9i1.1116
[4] Abid Haleem, Mohd Javaid, Mohd Asim Qadri, Rajiv Suman, Understanding The Role Of Digital Technologies In Education: A Review, Sustainable Operations And Computers, Volume 3, 2022, Pages 275-285, Issn 2666-4127, Https://Doi.Org/10.1016/J.Susoc.2022.05.004.
[5] Brame C. J. (2016). Effective Educational Videos: Principles And Guidelines For Maximizing Student Learning From Video Content. Cbe Life Sciences Education, 15(4), Es6. Https://Doi.Org/10.1187/Cbe.16-03-0125

Abstract: Ankyloblepheron filiforme adnatum(AFA) is a rare congenital anomaly of the eyelids which is usually isolated but can be associated with other systemic abnormalities. Timely separation of the lids is important to prevent amblyopia. We report a case of a 7 years old boy with bilateral AFA with no systemic associations from North Eastern India which was surgically corrected.

Keywords: Ankyloblepheron filiforme adnatum, congenital anomaly.

[1] Von Hasner. Ankyloblepharon Filiforme Adnatum. Z Heilkd.1881; 2:429.
[2] Mann I. Development Of The Human Eye, 3rd Edition. Australia: Grune & Stratton; 1964. Pp. 259-69.
[3] Judge H, Mott W, Gabriels J. Ankyloblepharon Filiforme Adnatum. Arch Ophthalmol 1929; 2: 702-8. [4] Rosenman Y, Ronen S, Eidelman AI, Et Al Ankyloblepharon Filiforme Adnatum: Congenital Eyelid-Band Syndromes. Am J Dis Child 1980;134:751
[5] Straten, Cornelia Van; Butow, Kurt-W. Gene P63: In Ectrodactyly-Ectodermal Dysplasia Clefting, Ankyloblepharon-Ectodermal Dysplasia, Rapp-Hodgkin Syndrome. Annals Of Maxillofacial Surgery 3(1):P 58-61, Jan–Jun 2013. | DOI: 10.4103/2231-0746.110085.

Abstract: In India, Cow is considered auspicious and is worshipped as the "Mother of all Gods". Cow-dung has spiritual significance and used as a cleansing agent due to its germicidal properties, mosquito repellent and as a bio-gas. Due to unavailability of natural cow dung due to modernization, synthetic cow dung powder is being prepared which is known as "Saani powder" in southern parts of India. Being a highly toxic compound it is known to cause multi-organ failure and death eventually. It has become a common cause of suicidal poisoning among rural people as it is easily available......

[1] Sherfudeen KM, Kaliannan SK, Dammalapati PK. Cow Dung Powder Poisoning. Indian Journal Of Critical Care Medicine: Peer-Reviewed, Official Publication Of Indian Society Of Critical Care Medicine. 2015 Nov;19(11):684.
[2] Md H, Vijayakumar A, Rajesh N, Sivakumar MN. Auramine-O And Malachite Green Poisoning: Rare And Fatal. Indian Journal Of Pharmacy Practice. 2013;6(4).
[3] Senthilkumaran S, Menezes R, Benita F, Thirumalaikolundusubramanian P. Synthetic Cow Dung Powder Poisoning: Therapeutic Aspects. Indian Journal Of Critical Care Medicine. 2016 Feb 1;20(2).
[4] Krishnamoorthy A, Subramanian R, Dhanaselvi P, Prabhu RS, Jayanthi V. Clinical Presentation Of Cow Dung Powder Poison–A Preliminary Communication. J Assoc Physicians India. 2001;49.

Abstract: Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a common cause of sudden cardiac arrest, and heart failure often complicates the prognosis in survivors. Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) has improved survival and quality of life in patients with CAD & HF. However, the decision to perform CABG in an arrest survival patient remains a complex clinical challenge due to the underlying myocardial damage and altered hemodynamics. Our patient, a 50-year-old cardiac arrest survival normotensive, nondiabetic lady with a positive family history of ischemic heart disease (IHD) with the diagnosis......

Keywords: Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting, Cardiac arrest, Heart Failure, Ejection Fraction

[1] Libby P, Theroux P. Pathophysiology Of Coronary Artery Disease Circulation. 2005;111:3481–8
[2] Bruschke AVG, Proudfit WL, Sones FM. Progress Study Of 590 Consecutive Nonsurgical Cases Of Coronary Disease Followed 5–9 Years. Circulation. 1973;47:1144–1163.
[3] Scott SM, Deupree RH, Sharma GVRK, Et Al. VA Study Of Unstable Angina. 10-Year Results Show Duration Of Surgical Advantage For Patients With Impaired Ejection Fraction. Circulation. 1994;90(Suppl 2):120–3.
[4] Ling Y, Liu X, Chen Y, Chen S, Jin X, Dong S, Et Al One Center Experience In China Int J Clin Exp Med. 2015;8:21477–81
[5] Shapira I, Isakov A, Yakirevich V, Topilsky M. Long-Term Results Of Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery In Patients With Severely Depressed Left Ventricular Function. Chest. 1995 Dec 1;108(6):1546-50.

Abstract: Introduction: Injectable drug users are one of the most vulnerable groups to getting HIV/AIDS and STI. Injectable drug users of Dhaka City have been hailed from all over Bangladesh. This study investigates the risk behaviors for HIV infection among injectable drug users in Dhaka, focusing on factors such as demographics, knowledge of HIV/AIDS transmission, prevention methods, and STI awareness. Methods: This descriptive.......

Keywords: Risk Behaviors, HIV Infection, STI, Injectable Drug Users, Dhaka

[1] Unaids. Report On Global Aids Epidemic: 2008. Unaids; 2008.
[2] Chan Pa, Khan Oa. Risk Factors For Hiv Infection In Males Who Have Sex With Males (Msm) In Bangladesh. Bmc Public Health. 2007;7:153. Doi: 10.1186/1471-2458-7-153.
[3] National Hiv Serological Surveillance, Bangladesh: Sixth Round Technical Report. Dhaka: Government Of The People's Republic Of Bangladesh; 2004.
[4] National Hiv Serological And Behavioural Surveillance, Bangladesh: Fifth Round Technical Report. Dhaka: Government Of The People's Republic Of Bangladesh; 2003.
[5] National Hiv Serological And Behavioural Surveillance, Bangladesh: Fourth Round Technical Report. Dhaka: Government Of The People's Republic Of Bangladesh; 2002.

Abstract: Objective: The main objective of this study is to compare the degree of cure of composite cured under two different aligner attachment templates. Materials and Methods Composite pellets were fabricated to fit into the Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometer. Putty material was used to form pellets measuring 7 mm in diameter and 3 mm in thickness, which were then thermoformed using Erkolen and Erkodur-al to create..........

Keywords: Degree of cure of composite, Aligner attachments, Thermoformed material, Erkodur-al, Erkolen

[1] Gioka C, Bourauel C, Hiskia A, Kletsas D, Eliades T, Eliades G. Light-Cured Or Chemically Cured Orthodontic Adhesive Resins? A Selection Based On The Degree Of Cure, Monomer Leaching, And Cytotoxicity. American Journal Of Orthodontics And Dentofacial Orthopedics. 2005 Apr 1;127(4):413-9.
[2] Gazzani F, Bellisario D, Quadrini F, Danesi C, Alberti A, Cozza P, Pavoni C. Light-Curing Process For Clear Aligners' Attachment Reproduction: Comparison Between Two Nanocomposites Cured By The Auxiliary Of A New Tool. BMC Oral Health. 2022 Sep 5;22(1):376.9
[3] Shimada Y, Yoshida Y, Isogai R, Maki K. Visualization Of Orthodontic Forces Generated By Aligner-Type Appliances. Dental Materials Journal. 2022 Jul 25;41(4):608-15.
[4] Eliades T, Elidades G, Bradley TG, Watts DC. Degree Of Cure Of Orthodontic Adhesives With Various Polymerization Initiation Modes. The European Journal Of Orthodontics. 2000 Aug 1;22(4):395-9.
[5] Weir T. Clear Aligners In Orthodontic Treatment. Australian Dental Journal. 2017 Mar; 62:58-62.