iosr-JEEE   Volume-10 ~ Issue-4 ~ July-August 2015

Abstract: The proposed paper presents a simple methodology for active power loss minimization and it is carried through optimal placement and sizing of capacitor and Distributed Generation (DG).The placement of capacitor and DG is done through loss sensitivity factor which is one of the concepts in the field of distribution system and it is used to identify the potential nodes. In our proposed method we have considered a single capacitor and single DG for placement

[1]. T. Ackermann, G. Anderson, L. Söder, "Distributed Generation: a Definition", Electric Power System Research 57, 2001, pp.195-204.
[2]. P.A. Daly, J. Morrison, "Understanding the potential benefits of distributed generation on power delivery systems," Rural Electric Power Conference, 29 April – 1 May 2001, pp. A211– A213.
[3]. P. Chiradeja, R. Ramakumar, "An approach to quantify the technical benefits of distributed generation" IEEE Trans Energy Conversion,vol. 19, no. 4, pp. 764-773, 2004

[4]. P.P. Barker, R.W. de Mello, 2000. Determining the impact of distributed generation on power systems Part 1 - Radial distribution systems. IEEE PES Summer Meeting, 3: 1645-1656.

[5]. N. Hadjsaid, J. F. Canard and F. Dumas, "Dispersed Generation Impact on Distribution Networks," IEEE Computer Application in Power, Vol. 12, 1999, pp. 22-28. doi:10.1109/67.755642

Abstract: In this paper a compact planar ultra-wideband (UWB) antenna with notch characteristics is presented which excites multiple notches at different frequencies across the band of operation. Required notch frequencies are obtained with the help of T shaped slots and inverted L-shaped metallic filter element. The notch frequency is varied with the help of slot on patch and ground plane. The proposed antenna has overall dimensions of 22mm×23 mm ×1.6mm. The proposed antenna operates in the FCC defined UWB frequency range (3.1-10.6 GHz). The proposed geometry was designed and optimized with the help of ie3D software. The optimised (through ie3D) results of the geometry have been validated by a prototype and found nearly good results.

Index Terms: Ultra-wideband antenna, Microstrip Antenna, Notch Filter

[1]. First Report and Order, Revision of part 15 of the commission's rule regarding ultra-wideband transmission systems FCC 02-48, Federal Communications Commission, 2002.
[2]. C.C. Lin, P. Jin, and Richard W. "Single, dual, and tri-band-notched ultrawideband (uwb) antennas using capacitively loaded loop (CLL) Resonators," IEEE Trans. on Antennas and Propag., vol. 60, pp.102-109, Jan. 2012.
[3]. L. Lizzi, G. Oliveri, P. Rocca, and A. Massa, "Planar monopole UWB antenna withunii1/unii2 WLAN-band notched characteristics," Progress In Electromagnetics Research B, vol. 25, pp. 277-292, 2010.
[4]. Y. Sung" Triple Band-Notched UWB Planar Monopole Antenna Using a Modified H-Shaped Resonator," IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, vol. 61, no. 2, 2013.
[5]. M. T. Islam, R. Azim, and A. T. Mobashsher, "Triple band-notched planar uwb antenna using parasitic strips," Progress In Electromagnetics Research, vol. 129, pp. 161-179, 2012.
[6]. W. X. Liu and Y. Z. Yin, "Dual band-notched antenna with the parasitic strip for UWB," Progress in Electromagnetics Research Letters, vol. 25, pp. 21-30, 2011.

Abstract: In this paper a novel structure of metamaterial is proposed in order to miniaturize a rectangular microstrip patch antenna. The metamaterial is composed of two nested split octagons which are located on a 10 mmx10 mm Rogers RT/duroid 5880 with 0.7874 mm thickness and dielectric constant of 2.2. A 3X5 array of such metamaterials is placed on the patch antenna substrate. By using this metamaterial in the antenna structure, the dimension of this proposed antenna is reduced compared to a simple microstrip patch antenna. Simulation results for return loss and radiation pattern of both proposed and conventional antenna are shown and compared. Keywords: CSRR,frequencyMetamaterial,microstrip antenna ,Miniaturization

[1]. C.A. Balanis "Antenna Theory: Analysis and Design", 2nd Ed, United States of America, John Wiley and Sons, 0471592684, 1982.ch. 14.
[2]. J. Huang, "A review of antenna miniaturization techniques for wireless applications", Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, 2001.
[3]. R.B. Waterhouse, S. D. Targonski, D. M. Kokotoff, "Design and performance of small printed antennas", IEEE trans. Antennas, 1998.
[4]. Trippe, S. Bhattacharya, J. Papapolymerou, "Compact microstripantennas on a high relative dielectric constant substrate at 60 GHz,", IEEE Antennas and Propagation (APSURSI), Spokane, pp 519 - 520, July 2011
[5]. N. Engheta., "An idea for thin sub-wavelength cavity resonator using metamaterials with negative permittivity and permeability", IEEEAntennas Wireless Propag.Lett., vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 1013, 2002.

Abstract: Distribution Network (DN) unbalancing and their unfavorable effects such as energy losses is an important challenge in electrical engineering. The system unbalancing problem is highly regarded due to increasing energy costs in DN. In this paper, the use of SVC (Static Var Compensation) is to improve the unbalancing and reducing the energy losses in DN. To handle power flow procedure, a novel circuit solution is presented to modeling the DN unbalancing situations. Furthermore, the nominal active and reactive loads in different phases have been multiplied into a specified value which is defined by the Unbalancing Factor (UF). Intelligent optimization algorithms such as PSO (Particle Swarm Optimization), CSA (Cuckoo Search Algorithm) and FA (Firefly Algorithm) are used to optimal sitting and sizing of the SVC with a three terms objective function, including losses, Neutral Lines Current and SVC installation cost in the distribution networks.

[1]. Hussain S.M.S, Subbaramiah M, "An Analytical Approach for Optimal Location of DSTATCOM in Radial Distribution System," Energy Efficient Technologies for Sustainability (ICEETS), 2013 International Conference on.Trans. Roy. Soc. London, vol. A247, pp. 529–551, April 1955. (References)
[2]. Azah Mohamed, Hussain Shareef, Hadi Zayandehroodi, "Optimum D-STATCOM Placement Using Firefly Algorithm for Power Quality Enhancement," 2013 IEEE 7th International Power Engineering and Optimization Conference (PEOCO2013), Langkawi, Malaysia. 3-4 June 2013.
[3]. M. A. Talebi, A. Kazemi, A. Gholami, M. Rajabi, "optimal placement of static var compensators in distribution feeders for load balancing by genetic," Electricity Distribution, 2005. CIRED 2005 18th International Conference and Exhibition on.
[4]. M. A. Talebi, A. Kazemi, A. Gholami, M. Rajabi, "optimal placement of static var compensators in distribution feeders for load balancing by genetic algorithm," Electricity Distribution, 2005. CIRED 2005. 18th International Conference and Exhibition on.
[5]. Ya-Chin Chang, Rung-Fang Chang, "Maximization of Transmission System Loadability with Optimal FACTS Installation Strategy," J Electr Eng Technol Vol. 8, No. 5: 991-1001, 2013

Abstract: Persistence of vision technology has gained immense popularity in the field of electronics due to its wide range of applications and ease of usage. Persistence of vision (POV) refers to the phenomenon of the human eye in which an afterimage exists for a brief time. A POV display exploits this phenomenon by spinning a one dimensional row of LED's through a two dimensional space at such a high frequency that a three dimensional display is visible. The LED matrix is connected to the Raspberry Pi, which is fast & programmable credit card sized computer.

[1]. POV: Persistence of Vision: International Journal of Ethics in Engineering & Management Education
[2]. Persistence of Vision Control Using Arduino : Modern Education and Computer Science Press
[3]. Wireless Remote Controlled POV Display : International Journal of Computer Applications.

Abstract: In an interconnected area system for Automatic Generation Control (AGC) of power system various control aspects concerning the problems. The load on the power system is always varying with respect to time which results in the variation of frequency, thus leading to load frequency control problem (LFC).The variation in the frequency is highly undesirable and maximum acceptable variation in the frequency is ± 0.5Hz.The conventional controller such as PI, PID are slow and do not allow the controller designer to take into account possible changes in operating conditions and nonlinearities in the generator unit. In order to overcome these drawbacks a new intelligent controller such as fuzzy controller is presented in this paper to quench the deviations in the frequency and the tie line power due to different load disturbances. The effectiveness of the proposed controller is confirmed using MATLAB/SIMULINK software. The results shows that fuzzy controller provides fast response, very less undershoot and negligible peak overshoots with having small state transfer time to reach the final steady state.

[1]. H. Bevrani and T. Hiyama, "Load Intelligent Automatic Generation Control," Boca Raton, FL, USA: CRC press, 2011.
[2]. P. Kundur, Power System Stability and Control. New York, NY, USA: McGraw Hill, 1994
[3]. H. Shayeghi, H. A. Shayanfar, and A. Jalili, "Load frequency control strategies: A state-of-the-art survey for the researcher," Energy Convers. Manage vol. 50, pp. 344-353, 2009.
[4]. Ibraheem, P. Kumar, and D. P. Kothari, "Recent philosophies of automatic generation control strategies in power systems," IEEE Trans. Power Syst., vol. 20, No. 1, Feb.2005.
[5]. A. Khodabakhshian and M. Edrisi, "A new robust PID load frequency controller," Control Eng. Practice, vol. 16, pp. 1069-1080,2008 L.Dong, Y. Zhang, and Z.Gao,"A robust decentralized load frequency controller for interconnected power systems," ISA Trans., vol. 51, pp. 410-419, 2012.

Abstract: This paper focuses on the effects, energy and power storing strategy of Super Battery which is presented along with the theoretical calculations and proper justifications. Super Battery is such a device which can charge itself during a very short time, and with a long life discharging time.This battery is very crucial device in the present upgrading nanoelectronic industries. The most fundamental things of this device are charging, discharging cycle/time, energy and power has purely calculated with proper equations theoretically. Mainly concentrates on the power storage in different manners with proper analyses. This paper will contribute a very new information to the present nanotechnology science.

Keywords: Super battery, Nanocapacitor tray, Nanobattery device, High durable battery.

[1]. Li. Zhang, Jin-Yan Song, Ji-Yan Zou, Ning Wan, High Voltage Super-Capacitor for Energy Storage Devices Applications, proc. 14th Symposium on Electromagnetic Launch Technology, Victoria, BC, 2008. ISBN 978-1-4244-1832-9
[2]. Al-Janad, A. Omar, R. Rasheed, M. Amhed, Comparative study of super capacitor and battery as storage energy in three phase system, proc. IEEE Conference on Clean Energy and Technology (CEAT), Lankgkwi, 2013 ISBN 978-1-4799-3237-5
[3]. Bin Wu, Fang Jhuo, Fei Long, Weiwei Gu, A Management strategy for solar pannel- battery- super capaitor hybrid energy system solar car, proc. IEEE 8th Internationla Conference on Power Electronics and ECCE, Asia (ICPE & ECCE), 2011, ISBN 978-1-612884-956-0
[4]. Sathikumar , R. Kollimalla, S.K. Mishra, M.K, Dyanamic Energy management of micre grids using battery super capaitor combined storage, proc. Annula IEEE India Conference, INDICON, Kochi, 2012 ISBN 978-1-4673-2270-6

Abstract: This paper presents design & simulation of ultra wide band microstrip patch antenna with notched characteristics. The antenna was designed using FR-4 substrate with dielectric constant of 4.4 and thickness of 1.6 mm. The proposed antenna was analysed & simulated on electromagnetic (EM) simulation software. The total size of antenna structure is 15×14.5 mm2 and it is excited with 50 Ω microstrip feedline. With this design, the return loss is lower than -10 dB in frequency range of 3.3-12.8 GHz. It also shows the band-notch characteristic in the UWB band to avoid interference, caused by WLAN (5.15–5.825 GHz) and WiMAX (5.25–5.85 GHz) systems.

[1]. Balanis, C.A., Antenna Theory: Analysis and Design, John Wiley & Sons, Inc, 1997.
[2]. R. Garg, P. Bhartia, I. Bahl and A. Ittipiboon "Microstrip antenna design handbook", Artech House, Norwood, MA, USA, 2001.
[3]. Kumar, K. Gunasekaran, N. , "A new novel compact planar UWB antenna," Signal Processing, Communication, Computing and Networking Technologies (ICSCCN), 2011 International Conference on, vol., no., pp.41-45, 21-22 July 2011.
[4]. Panda, J.R. Kakumanu, P. Kshetrimayum, R.S. , "A wide-band monopole antenna in combination with a UWB microwave band-pass filter for application in UWB communication system," India Conference(INDICON), 2010 Annual IEEE, vol., no., pp.1-4, 17-19 Dec. 2010.
[5]. Nuurul Hudaa M. Sobli and Hany E. Abd-El-Raouf "Design of a Compact Band-Notched Antenna for Ultra wideband Communication" Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium, 2008. 5-11 July 2008, pp. 1 – 4.

Abstract: The electrical devices that we used in our daily live such as: microwave ovens, washing machines, fans, mobile phones and mobile base stations, generate electromagnetic radiations. Many people are unaware of the effect of these radiations on their bodies when the presubscribed levels are exceeded. In this paper, we will measure the electromagnetic radiations(power density) that emit from Global System for Mobile (GSM) and Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA) base stations in so many different areas in Sudan.

[1]. www.vodafone.com/content/index/about/sustainability/mpmh/how_work/base_stations.html

Abstract: The power quality is a more serious problem for consumers and power companies. In this paper to mitigate power quality problems such as voltage swell and voltage sag of unbalanced distribution system, a fuzzy controller based D-STATCOM is proposed. The performance of proposed fuzzy based D-STATCOM is tested on 13 bus IEEE test feeder, a D-STATCOM is introduced at bus no-632. The performance of proposed fuzzy based D-STATCOM is compared to D-STATCOM with PI control mechanism using MATLAB-simulink to address power quality issues.

[1]. Singh, Bhim , Adya, A , Mittal, A.P, Gupta, J.R.P "Power Quality Enhancement with DSTATCOM for Small Isolated Alternator feeding Distribution Sys-tem" Power Electronics and Drives Systems, 2005. PEDS 2005. International Conference on (Volume: 1), Page(s): 274 – 279.
[2]. Nair, D, Nambiar, A. Raveendran, M, Mohan, N.P "Mitigation of power quality issues using DSTAT-COM" Emerging Trends in Electrical Engineering and Energy Management (ICETEEEM), 2012 Inter- national Conference on13-15 Dec. 2012, Page(s):65 – 69.
[3]. Suvire, G.O, San Martin, Argentina , Mercado, P.E, "Improvement of power quality in wind energy appli-cations using a DSTATCOM coupled with a Fly-wheel Energy Storage System" Power Electronics Conference, 2009. COBEP '09. Brazilian, Page(s):58 64.
[4]. Zaveri, T, Bhavesh, B. Zaveri, N, "Control techniques for power quality improvement in delta connected load using DSTATCOM" International, Page(s):1397 – 1402.

Abstract: The optics in a substrate configuration (n-i-p) thin-film organic solar cell was investigated, where ZnPc:C60(1:1) blend organic photoactive material was sandwiched in between a wide band-gap hole transport layer (MeO-TPD) and an electron transport layer (C60) materials. The study was carried out for optical wave propagation simulation results of upper limit quantum efficiency and short circuit current based on the finite difference time domain method. At first, a smooth substrate solar cell was optimized by observing the influence of the variation of each layer thickness.

[1]. D. Gebeyehu, M. Pfeiffer, B. Maennig, J. Drechsel, A. Werner, and K. Leo, "Highly efficient p–i–n type organic photovoltaic
devices," Thin Solid Films, vol. 451–452, no. 0, pp. 29 – 32, 2004, proceedings of Symposium D on Thin Film and Nano-
Structured Materials for Photovoltaics, of the E-MRS 2003 Spring Conference.
[2]. T. J. Savenije, "Organic solar cells," Delft University of Technology, 2008.
[3]. "Single junction solar cell by konarka with an efficiency of 8.3% on an area of 1 square centimeter." Heindl Server GmbH.
[4]. P. W. M. B. L. J. A. Koster, V. D. Mihailetchi, "Ultimate efficiency of polymer/fullerene bulk heterojunction solar cells," Applied
Physics Letters, 2006.
[5]. C. Schünemann, D. Wynands, L. Wilde, M. P. Hein, S. Pfützner, C. Elschner, K.-J. Eichhorn, K. Leo, and M. Riede, "Phase
separation analysis of bulk heterojunctions in small-molecule organic solar cells using zinc-phthalocyanine and c60," Physical
Review B, vol. 85, no. 24, pp. 245 314–, 06 2012.

Abstract: The main concern in the global generation sector was the huge CO2 emissions from the conventional power generation. In Kenya, the sector prepares 20 year rolling least cost power development plan (LCPDP) for expanding the power system to meet the current and future power demands. The 2011-2031 LCPDP generation plan proposed a system expansion that would result in a 33% fossil fuel power generation posing a huge CO2 emission dilemma. However, renewable energy integration in the least-cost generation expansion planning (GEP) was considered key to energy security and emission reduction. During GEP, the screening curves are useful preliminary tool in selecting candidate generation options.

[1] IPCC. (2011). Renewable Energy Sources and Climate Change Mitigation; Summary for Policy Makers and Technical Summary. Online at:http://www.ipcc.ch/pdf/special-reports/srren/SRREN_FD_SPM_final.pdf

[2] IPCC. (2013). Working Group I Contribution to the IPCC Fifth Assessment Report, Climate Change 2013: Physical Science Basis, Summary for Policy Makers. Online at: http://www.ipcc.ch/

[3] Mejía Giraldo, Diego Adolfo, López Lezama, Jesús María, Gallego Pareja, Luis Alfonso. (2012). Power System Capacity Expansion Planning Model Considering Carbon Emissions Constraints; Revista Facultad de Ingeniería Universidad de Antioquia. Online at: http://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=43025115012 ISSN 0120-6230

[4] REN21. (2014). Renewables 2014 Global Status Report. Renewable Energy Policy Network for the 21st Century. Online at: http://www.ren21.net/Portals/o/documents/

[5] Kathib, H. (2003). Economic Evaluation of Projects in Electricity Supply Industry. The Institution of Electrical Engineers, London, UK.

Abstract: This paper deals with challenges faced in manufacturing and disposal of the solar panels. We see the solar energy as the green solution for the increased demand in energy, but at the same time we have to consider the problems that will occur after 20-30 years when solar panels will have to be disposed of. We cannot use these panels in bulk and make it to produce energy equivalent produced by thermal power plant till we have the skill to handle the waste produced by during the disposal of the panels. Some of the materials used in the solar panels are rare in nature and we cannot recover them later although they are used in small amount in the panels. Many of the compounds do not have the proper solution for its disposal so they are incinerated or landfilled which is very harmful for the environment.

[1]. End-of-life management and recycling of PV modules by Vasilis M. Fthenakis.
[2]. Methods and concerns for disposal of photovoltaic solar panels by Karen Ann Brouwer, Chhaya Gupta.
[3]. Vasilis Fthenakis. "National PV Environmental Research Center: Summary Review of SilaneIgnition Studies." Available at http://www.bnl.gov/pv/abs/abs_149.asp.
[4]. Fthenakis, V.M. (2003). Practical Handbook of Photovoltaics: Fundamentals and Applications: Overview of Potential Hazards. Available at http://www.bnl.gov/pv/files/pdf/art_170.pdf.
[5]. U.S. Dept. of Energy "Photovoltaic Basics." Accessed January 5, 2010 available at http://www1.eere.energy.gov/solar/pv_basics.html.

Abstract: In this paper we propose a multifaceted centralized voting system. The proposed system meets functional and non-functional requirements. The functional requirements are embedded design of well secured identification and authentication process through use of simple biometrics. The non-functional requirements are correctness, reliability and consistency of voters. Also centralized database helps candidates to cast their vote not only from respective booth but also from where they are present.

[1]. Introduction to Biometrics- By Anil K. Jain, Arun A. Ross, Karthik Nandakumar, foreword by James Wayman
[2]. A biometric-secure e-voting system for election processes; "Mechatronics and Its Applications" Publisher: IEEE; Date 27-29 May 2008
[3]. The research of Fingerprint Recognition Based EVM Publisher: International Journal of Engineering and Technical Research ISSN: 2321-0869
[4]. Tadayoshikohno Adamstubblefield Avield Rubidans.Wallach ―"Analysis of an Electronic Voting system", IEEE symposium on Security and Privacy 2004.\
[5]. Automated Fingerprint Identification Systems (AFIS) - By Peter Komarinski

Abstract: An ultrasound is a mechanical wave which has a frequency above audible range; that is above 20 kHz. In this research, tests were carried out to investigate the effectiveness of using ultrasound to repel rodents in a designed and constructed ultrasonic repeller. Three species of rodents (rat, mice and rabbit) were introduced in the room where this device was mounted and the reactions of the rodents on the generated ultrasound on them were observed from a distance. The results of the test showed that the constructed ultrasonic repeller generated ultrasonic frequencies which irritated and repelled these rodents at a frequency of 35 kHz, 38 kHz, 40 kHz and 50 kHz as the rodents were seen trying to find their way out from the room. When these rodents were caged and brought close to the repeller for a few minutes, it was also discovered that the ultrasound irritated and finally demobilized them. From the test, an ultrasound is an alternative means of repelling rodents rather than the conventional means of using trap or poison to kill them; which is not safe and convenient to where children and their pet live.

[1]. International Programme on Chemical Safety, IPCS (1982). Environmental Health Criteria for ultrasound: World Health Organization, Geneva.
[2]. Jacke, S. E. (1979). Ultrasonic in industry today. In: Proceedings ultrasonic international 1979, Graz, Austria, Guildford, UK, IPC science and Technology Press, 80-200.
[3]. Lavoie, G. K. and Galhan (1977). Ultrasound as a deterrent to rattus norvegicus, J Stored pond press 13: 23-28.
[4]. Lund, M. (1984). Ultrasonic pest control 16 (2): 82.
[5]. Mix, J. (1984). Researchers debunk controlling insect with ultrasound pest control 52(2): 26-28.
[6]. National Pest Management Association, PestChaser (2002). Health Canada under pest control product Act Reg. No.'s 21465, 21989.
[7]. National Coalition against the Misuse of Pesticides and You. Federal Trade Commission News Release (Australia), Volume 22, No. 2, 2002, P.2.

Abstract: An intensive effort has been made to articulate the strategies of eliminating or reducing harmonics in the output of an inverter circuit. An inverter is a circuit that converts direct current, dc to alternating current, ac which power most of domestic appliances. The output of this conversion is not free from harmonic distortion. Fourier series expression of the modulating output voltage waveform was analyzed. The amplitude of the fundamental frequency is controlled by adjusting 𝛼 and its harmonic content can be controlled by adjusting the 𝛼, which makes the cosine(s) term of the output voltage to be zero. The elimination is important as it helps to safe guide our electronics devices from failure or burnout.

[1]. Bowes I. S. R and Bullough R. I. (1987). Harmonics minimization in microcomputer controlled current fed PMW inverter drives. IEEE Proceeding , Vol 134 (1).
[2]. Tory K. J. and Rich Pope (1997). Eliminating Harmonics from the facility Power System. Power Transmission Design. Pp 43-46.
[3]. David Shipp (1979). Harmonics and Suppression for Electrical system supplying power converter and other non linear loads. IEEE trans, Vol. 14-15 (5)
[4]. Huang I. B. and Lin W. S. (1980). Harmonics Reduction by use of sinusoidal pulse width modulation. IEEE Transaction. Vol. IEC1-27 (3).
[5]. Dewan S. B. and Ziogas P.D. (1979). Optimum filter for a single phase solid state UPS system. IEEE Trasns. Vol. 1A-15 (6)

Abstract: This paper sets forth a technique to operate wound rotor induction motor in maximum torque region, using a feedback mechanism using rotor speed and slip.Static rotor resistance control has been used to vary the rotor resistance. The AC output voltage of motor is rectified by a diode bridge and is fed to a parallel combination of IGBT and external resistance. Effective value of rotor resistance is varied by varying the duty cycle of IGBT. Simulation models has been prepared in MATLAB in which a constant maximum torque is generated from standstill(s=1) to sTmax(=0.415) .

Keywords: Wound rotor induction motor,diode, IGBT, rotor speed, slip, MATLAB

[1] Gopal K. Dubey, "Fundamentals of Electrical Drives", Narosa Publishing House Pvt. Ltd., 2001

[2] PS Bimbra, "Electrical Machinery", Khanna Publishers, 2010

[3] Control of Wound Rotor Induction Motor Using Thyristors in the Secondary Circuits,IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INDUSTRY APPLICATIONS, VOL. 32, NO. 2, MARCWAPRIL 1996

[4] Comparative Study of Speed Control of Induction Motor Using PI and Fuzzy Logic Controller, Anmol Aggarwal, J. N. Rai, Maulik Kandpal, IOSR Journal of Electrical and Electronics Engineering (IOSR-JEEE) e-ISSN: 2278-1676,p-ISSN: 2320-3331, Volume 10, Issue 2 Ver. I (Mar – Apr. 2015), PP 43-52

Abstract: This paper presents a novel circuit topology of voltage source multi resonant ZCS interleaved boost DC-DC converter with auxiliary quasi-resonant lossless inductor snubbers and capacitor snubbers. It uses two feedback loops, similar to current mode control, one for slow outer loop and the other for faster inner PWM control loop. To improve the transient response of the 2-cell converter system, a coupled inductors of energy storage inductors is used. This integrated magnetic design structure reduces size and improves the converter performance, both steady-state and transient. The effectiveness of the proposed control scheme is demonstrated through PSIM simulations.

Keywords: Photovoltaic system, Interleaved boost converter, Ripple reduction, Coupled inductor

[1] Braga HAC, Barbi I, "A 3-kW unity-power-factor rectifier based on a two-cell boost converter using a new parallel connection technique", IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, 14:209–217, 1999.

[2] Ho CNM, Breuninger H, Pettersson S, Escobar G, Serpa L, Coccia A, "A practical implementation of an interleaved boost converter using SiC diodes for PV applications", 8th International Conference on Power Electronics-ECCE Asia, 372–379, 2011.

[3] Khairy Sayed, Mazen Abdel-salam, Adel Ahmed, Mahmoud Ahmed, "A New High Voltage Gain Dual Boost DC-DC Converter for PV Power Systems", Journal of Electrical Power Components and Systems, Vol. 40, No. 7, pp: 711–728, 2012.

[4] Veerachary M, Senjyu T, Uezato K, "Small-signal analysis of interleaved dual boost converter", International Journal of Circuit Theory and Applications, 29:575–589, 2001.

[5] Tseng SY, Shiang JZ, Chang HH, Jwo WS, Hsieh CT, "A novel turn-on/off snubber for interleaved boost converter", IEEE 38th Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference (PESC '07) 2718–2724, 2007.

[6] Veerachary M, Senjyu T, Uezato K, "Neural network based maximum power point tracking of coupled inductor interleaved boost converter supplied PV system using fuzzy controller", IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics 50:749–758, 2003.

Abstract: The existing power transmission capabilities can be flexibly controlled and enhanced with the help of new technology called Flexible AC Transmission System (FACTS). This power electronics based technology can be used individually or in coordination with other controllers. Static VAR Compensator (SVC) is a shunt connected FACTS device, used for voltage control and for reactive power compensation. In the existing system, the SVC uses a PI controller, which though simpler and cheaper, not suitable for non-linear characteristics. In order to overcome this, the hybrid controller is designed as a combination of both PI controller and Fuzzy Logic Controller, there by gaining the joint advantages of both types. The designed model has been tested in a 2 machine 3 bus test system using MATLAB software. The simulation results show that the new controller logic gives better and quick performance compared to the other types.

Keywords: FACTS; SVC; Fuzzy Logic; Voltage Control

[1]. G. Hingorani and L. Gyugyi, "Understanding FACTS, Concepts, and Technology of Flexible AC Transmission Systems", Piscataway, NJ:IEEE Press, 2000.
[2]. A.A Edris, R Aapa, M H Baker, L Bohman, K Clark, "Proposed terms and definitions for flexible ac transmission system (FACTS)", IEEE Trans. on Power Delivery, Vol. 12, No.4, 1997,pp.1848-1853
[3]. M. M. Farsangi, Y. H. Song, and K. Y. Lee, "Choice of FACTS device control inputs for damping interarea oscillations",IEEE Trans. On PowerSystems, vol. 19, no. 2, pp. 1135-1143, May 2004.
[4]. P. Kundur 1994, "Power system stability and control", McGraw Hill
[5]. M.H.Haque, "Application of energy function to assess the first swing stability of a power system with a SVC", IEE Proc. Gener. Transm. Distrib., Vol.152,No.6,Nov.2005, pp.806-812.
[6]. Ghadir Radman, Reshma S Raje, "Dynamic model for power systems with multiple FACTS controllers", Electric Power Systems Research , Vol. 78, 2008, pp.361-371.

Abstract:Asthma being an inflammatory disorder of the airways involves several inflammatory cells and
multiple mediators that result in characteristic pathophysicological change.
The immunological of development asthma is dependent on an IgE response controlled by T&B lymphocytes
and activated by the interaction of antigen with mast cell bound IgE molecule. Allergic asthma is frequently
seasonal and it is most often observed in children and adult.
Asthma is an extremely common disorder affecting men and women equally. Most cases of asthma being before
the age of 25, Asthma may being anytime throughoutlife.

[1] De Monchy JGR, Kauffman HF,venge P. Eosinophilia during allergen induced late asthmatic reactions. Am.Rev.Respir
Dis.1985;132 :373-379
[2] Aggarwal AN, Chaudhry K, Chhabra SK et al. Prevalence and risk factors for bronchial asthma in Indian adults: a multicenter
study. Indian J Chest Dis Allied Sci 2006; 48:3-22
[3] Brusselle G, Kips J, Joos G, Bluethman H, Pauwels R.Allergen-induced airway inflammation and bronchial responsiveness in wild
type and interleukin-4 deficient mice. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 1995; 12:254-9.
[4] Robinson DS. The role of the mast cell in asthma: induction of airway hyper- responsiveness by interaction with smooth muscle? J
Allergy Clin Immunol 2004; 114(1):58-65.
[5] Larche M, Robinson DS, Kay AB. The role of T lymphocytes in the pathogenesis of asthma. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2003;
111(3):450-63

Abstract:The exactness in the measurement estimation of three-dimensional power/second is important for the
assembling procedure, for satellite, and in military hardware. The motivation behind this examination is to plan a
multi-dimensional multi-point power/second (F/M) estimation MP-M dynamometer model dependent on three-pivot
piezoelectric sensors establishment. The FEM reproduction is performed utilizing ANSYS programming and
scientific examinations are completed utilizing determined conditions. The deliberate FEA results are predictable
with the applied standard power/minutes. The blunder distinction of FEM investigation is under 1%. The FEM
reproductions results are roughly 99-100% of the applied hub power, vertical power and pitch second individually.
The planned MP-M dynamometer model is able to gauge spatial power/second precisely and reenactment tests are
examined.

Key Word:Three-axis piezoelectric sensor, multi-dimensional measurement, SolidWorks design, and FEM simulation.

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system," Robot. Comput. Integr. Manuf., vol. 44, pp. 77–96, 2017.
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numerical shape-optimization technique," Meas.J. Int. Meas. Confed., vol. 126, no. February, pp. 342–355, 2018.
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Abstract:The Automotive business keeps on being a sprouting and developing industry wherein new and
creative thoughts and advancements find promising applications intermittently. This audit paper, as it were, will
investigate the importance of carbon nanotubes as an approach to improve the exhibition of "out and about"
cars in the field of fuel segment frameworks especially to show signs of improvement eco-friendliness. Further
the usage of Carbon Nanotubes will be managed top to bottom with an emphasis on car application. Besides,
CNTs have been found to have excellent morphological properties and thusly are promising as fortification
material in the composite structures alongside polymers for some car applications. This could likewise turn into
the reason for weight decrease. Obviously.......

Key Word: Carbon Nanotubes, Automobile, Fuel Efficiency, Nanotechnology.

[1]. Dr S Madhu, "Applications of carbon nano tubes (CNT) in automobiles," International Journal of Applied Engineering Research,
2015.
[2]. Moniruzzaman, Mohammad & Winey, Karen. (2006). Polymer Nanocomposites Containing Carbon Nanotubes. Macromolecules.
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D. L.Carroll,"Identification of Electron Donor States in N-doped Car on Nanotu es" American Chemical Society, 2001
[4]. Kuanping Gong, "Nitrogen-Doped Carbon Nanotube Arrays with High Electrocatalytic Activity for Oxygen education" Science
323 2009
[5]. Zhu Chen, Drew Higgins, Zhongwei Chen, "Nitrogen doped carbon nanotubes and their impact on the oxygen reduction reaction in
fuel cells" Composites Science and Technology, 2010.

Abstract:Present investigation is focuses on a thorough review of Nanofluid heat move component and thermophysical
properties. The Nanofluid arrangement procedures, heat move instrument and thermo-physical
properties are talked about in detail. Warmth move in Nanofluid is capacity of numerous parameters, as
Brownian movement of molecule, sub-atomic layering of the fluid particles interface and nanoparticle grouping
and so on and these parameters are talked about in detail. Likewise metal oxides nanoparticles had an
extraordinary impact in heat move upgrade of the nanofluid. The coolants have high warm conductivities at low
volume convergence of Nanofluid. Nanofluids' warm conductivity and thickness incredibly rely upon their size,
volume fixation, shape and material. Nanofluid consistency may increment or lessening relying on the material
of nanoparticle on bringing down the size. Thickness of nanofluid increments with increment in volume division
of nanoparticle.

Key Word:Anoparticles, Nanofluid, Thermal Conductivity, Viscosity, VolumeConcentration, Heat Transfer

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Journal of Heat transfer, 121(2), pp.280-289.
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[3]. Keblinski, P., Eastman, J.A. and Cahill, D.G., 2005. Nanofluids for thermal transport. Materials today, 8(6), pp.36-44.
[4]. Eastman, J.A., Choi, S.U.S., Li, S., Yu, W. and Thompson, L.J., 2001. Anomalously increased effective thermal conductivities of
ethylene glycol-based nanofluids containing copper nanoparticles. Applied physics letters, 78(6), pp.718-720.
[5]. Das, S.K., Putra, N. and Roetzel, W., 2003. Pool boiling characteristics of nano-fluids. International journal of heat and mass
transfer, 46(5), pp.851-862.