IOSR-JHSS   Volume-19 ~ Issue-12 ~ Dec-2014

Abstract: The gist of this study was to investigate the impact of sand harvesting on education of pupils in public primary schools in Kathiani Division, Machakos County, Kenya. The study was premised on Horace Mann Classical Liberal Theory of Equal Opportunity which asserts that each person is born with a given amount of capacity, which to a large extent is inherited and cannot be substantially changed. A survey research design was adopted. Stratified sampling technique was applied to select 10 headteachers, 10 class teachers, 80 pupils, 2 local administration officers and 2 education officers, yielding a sample size of 104 subjects to participate in the study.

[1]. Admassie A (2002). Explaining the High Incidence of Child Labor in Sub-Saharan Africa. Afr. Dev. Rev., 14(2): 251-275.
[2]. Akabayashi, H. and G. Psacharopoulos, (1999). "The trade-off between child labour and human capital formation: A Tanzanian case study", Journal of Development Studies, Vol. 35, No. 5, pp.120-140.
[3]. Amma, H, Baghdellah, J, Kiondo, E, Madhi, M, Mwandayi, E; and Soko, P (2000). The Nature and Extent of Child Labour in Tanzania: A Baseline Study, ILO-IPEC, March.
[4]. Baker, R (with Hinton, R and Crawford, S) (2001). The Sexual Exploitation of Working Children: Guidelines for Action to Eliminate the Worst Forms of Child Labour. London: DFID Social Development.
[5]. Bass LE (2004). Child Labor in sub-Saharan Africa. Boulder: Lynne Rienner Publishers.
[6]. Carron, G and Chau, T N (1996). The Quality of Primary Schools in Different Development Contexts, UNESCO Publishing: International Institute for Educational Planning.

Abstract: The thrust of this study was to examine the main explanatory variables for the rapid teachers' turn over in public secondary schools in Mbeere South Sub-County, Embu County Kenya. The study was premised on in investment Human Capital Theory, proposed by Becker (1993). The objectives of the study were threefold, namely to: analyse school management policies, the attitude of teachers, and personal characteristics of teachers on rate of turnover among teachers in public secondary schools in Mbeere sub- county, Embu County. A descriptive survey research design was adopted. Combinations of purposive and random sampling techniques were used to select 29 principals and 120 teachers yielding a total sample size of 149 participants. A questionnaire, piloted prior to data collection to determine its validity and reliability, was used as the main research instrument.

1]. Barrs, J. (2005). Factors contributed by community organizations to the motivation of teachers in rural Punjab, Pakistan, and implications for the quality of teaching, International Journal of Educational Development, Vol. 25, 333-48. BBC News Online (18 January 2001). http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/low/education//1124 643.stm
[2]. Becker, G. S. (1993). Human Capital: a Theoretical and Empirical Analysis, with Special Reference to Education. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press.
[3]. Borg, R., W. & Gall, J. P. (1989).Educational Research. An Introduction (6th Ed), New York: Longman Publishers.
[4]. Croasmum J., Hampton D. & Herrman S. (2002). Teacher attrition: Is time running out? [Online] Available url: Retrieved June 24, 2011, from
[5]. Colbourne, J. (1998). Teacher turnover. June. Northern News Services. [Online] Available at: http://www.nnsl.com/frames/newspapers/1998-06/ jun8_98te ach.html.
[6]. Creswell,J,W.(2003). Research Designs: Qualitative, quantitative, and Mixed Methods Approaches, 2nd Edition, Thousand Oarks, CA, Sage.

Abstract: Human migration is a process of permanent or semi permanent change in usual residence of an individual or a group of people from one geographical area to another. Assam, a land with fertile soil and rich natural resources, attracts a large volume of migrants from both within and outside the country throughout the ages. The process and volume of internal migration, interstate migration and immigration contribute significant change of demographic structure of the state.

[1]. Gosal, G.S., International Migration in India- A Regional Analysis, Indian Geographical Journal, 36, 1961, 106-121.
[2]. Devi, M., Economic History of Nepali Migration and Settlement in Assam, Economic and Political Weekly, 42(29), (Jul. 21-27, 2007), 3005-3007.
[3]. Rele, J. R., Trends and Significance of Internal Migration in India, Sankhyā: The Indian Journal of Statistics, Series B (1960-2002), 31(3/4), 1969, 501-508.
[4]. Renshaw, E., Birth, Death and Migration Processes, Biometrika, 59, (1), (Apr., 1972), 49-60.
[5]. De Jong Gordon F., Chamratrithirong, A. and Tran, Quynh-Giang. For Better, for Worse: Life Satisfaction Consequences of Migration, International Migration Review, 36,( 3) 2002, 838-863.
[6]. Dass, Susanta Krishna., Immigration and Demographic Transformation of Assam, Economic and Political Weekly, 15, (19), (May 10, 1980), 850-859.

Abstract: Gold occupies a pivotal role in the social and economic life of poor and rich alike. In India, besides the economic and strong social considerations, individuals are highly sentimental about the gold in their possession, as the gold ornaments are passed on from one generation to another. Acquisition of gold is considered auspicious and necessary for making family ornaments to get a sense of wellbeing in our country. Gold is increasingly considered as an investment that appreciates over years and provides a hedge against inflation and also medium that can be pledged easily during difficult times for securing financial accommodation.

Key words: GVA (Gross value added), GDP (Gross domestic product), (ETFs) Exchange Trades Funds.

[1]. Preethi Singh (2006), Investment Management, Himalaya Publishing House, Mumbai.
[2]. Gupta .S.P. (2008), Statistical Methods, Sultan Chand & Sons Company Ltd., New Delhi.
[3]. Kothari.C.R.(2009), Research Methodology Methods and Techniques, Wishwaprakashan, New Delhi.
[4]. Schiffman, G Leon., Kanuk, Lazar Leslie., Consumer Behavior, 9th edition., New Delhi: Pearson Education., 2009
[5]. Malhotra, K Naresh., Marketing Research, 5th edition.,New Delhi: Pearson Education., 2009.

Abstract: Education is a fundamental human right which is essential for the empowerment and development of an individual and the society as a whole. It is important for the exercise of all other human rights. It strengthens personal integrity and shapes the society in which we live. Education makes man civilized by making mankind literate in ethics and moral values. If we have a well nurtured and balanced education system, then half the task of the country‟s development is done. It promotes individual freedom and empowerment and yields important development and progress in the society. It is also an important instrument to reduce poverty.

[1]. Nelson Mandela, July 16th. 2003 University of Witwatersrand, Johannesburg,, South .Africa.
[2]. APJ Kalam (2006) Indomitable Spirit, Rajpal and Sons, N Delhi.
[3]. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Right_to_education Accessed on 14/11/14
[4]. H.M. Seervai. Constitution of India. 4th edition. vol 2, Universal Book Traders, Delhi (1999). [5]. Ibid. P.1309 [6]. Preamble to the Constitution of India.
[7]. http://www.merinews.com/article/right-to-education-myth-or-reality/15866268.shtml#sthash.AGpFaQuH.dpuf [8]. Mohini Jain vs. State of Karnataka,1992 AIR 1858

Abstract: All human societies, except perhaps, the Hobbesian state of nature, are preserved through a complex network of laws, ethics and the enforcement of justice. Whether couched in unwritten customs and traditions by which primeval peoples organized their lives, or in standardized penal codes of 'civilized' cultures, laws and their enforcement are expedient for meaningful interrelationships, social order, peaceful co-existence and economic growth of any society. By sifting out the distinctive imports of ethics, law and justice system in the ordering of pre-colonial Igbo (African) society, exemplified in the life of Umuofia, the author sought to illumine the readerson the wits of Achebe's Things Fall Apart in presenting a well-ordered society, as against Western criticisms.

[1]. Achebe, C. (1958). Things Fall Apart. New Hampshire: Heinemann Ltd.
[2]. Aquinas, T. (1954).Summa Theologica. 1a2ae, 90.4.Trans. by J. G. Dawson. Oxford: Basil Blackwell.
[3]. Aristotle. Nicomachean Ethics. Bk.V, CH.6, 1134b.
[4]. Bentham, J. (1789).An Introduction to the Principles of Morals and Legislation. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
[5]. Campbell, T. D. "The Contribution of Legal Studies", in R. E. Goodin and P. Pettit (Eds.). (1995). A Companion to Contemporary Political Philosophy.NJ.: Wiley-Blackwell.

Abstract: The paper examines the current status of management education in India and the quality of such education. It looks at the concept of management education, benchmarking, and growth of MBA courses in India. It suggests methodology for benchmarking to improve the quality of the institutions and effectiveness of students coming out of the B-Schools. The paper also captures recommendations that would help to improve the quality of management education in India. It reviews the data from Indian Regulatory Authority, All India Council for Technical Education (AICTE), and the principles of the US accrediting body, Association to Advance Collegiate Schools of Business (AACSB)

Key Words: Management education, Benchmarking, MBA, AICTE, AACSB,

[1]. Dayal, I. (2003), Development of Management Education in India, Journal of Management Research, 2(2), 98-113
[2]. Jha,S., & Kumar,M. (2012), Revitalising Management Education in India – A Strategic Approach, Journal of Management and Public Policy, 3(2), 5-11
[3]. Kalpana, S. (2013), Quality Parameters of Management Education in India, Srusti Management Review, 6(1)

Abstract: Ecoology of a region plays important role in determining socio-cultural life of an individual or a community. Though influence of ecology on society was not given importance by the pioneer sociologists and social anthropologists but while conducting community study in India and abroad many ecologists and sociologists find close proximity between ecology and society. Linkage of society or community with ecology is found inseparable in a recent study conducted on Muslim fishermen in Barak Valley region of Assam. The present research article highlights how socio-economic life of Muslim fishermen community is influenced by the habitat they live in.

Keywords: Ecology, economy, fishermen community, inequality, marginalisation, caste heirarchy and Social status.

[1]. Guha Ramchandra, (2008), Social Ecology,Oxford University Press, New Delhi.
[2]. Choudhury, M.A. (1997), "Sylheter Rajnaitik Itihas: Prachinkal Theke 1857" (in Bengali) in M. Abdul Aziz, M. Habibur Rahman et.al. (ed.), Brihattar Syleter Itihas (in Bengali) (History of Greater Sylhet), Brihattar Sylhet Itihas Pranayan Parishad, Sylhet, Bangladesh, pp-29-71.
[3]. Allen, B. C. (1905), Assam District Gazetteers, Vol I, Cachar, Baptist Mission Press, Calcutta.
[4]. Bhattacharjee, Amalendu. (1995), "Surma-Barak Upatayakar Naukapuja" (in Bengali) in A. K. Dutta (ed), Sribhumi Srihatta (in Bengali), Durgapur Srihatta Sammilani, Durgapur, pp-184-211.
[5]. Bhattacharjee, J.B, (1991), Social and Polity Formations in Pre-colonial North East India: The Barak Valley Experience, Haranad Publication and Vikas, New Delhi.
[6]. Haque, Anwarul (1985) "Mahimal"; The Muslim Fishermen Community of Barak Valley, Assam, Nikhil Cachar and Karimganj Muslim Fishermen Federation, Karimganj.

Abstract: Drought and conflicts in Al Goz locality have made life more difficult for almost everyone living person there but women and girls are in a unique position. An attempt was made in this paper to look into some important trends of women participation in livelihood activities in a period of ten years of crises (drought and conflicts from 2000 to 2010). Primary data was collected by random sampling (75 women) from ten villages in Al Goz locality using structured interviewing technique as well as semi-structured interviews carried out with eight (8) women (household headed family, key informants and/or active women in the village. Furthermore six discussion groups covering 36 female participants were also conducted. The study concluded that the crises; drought and conflicts forced young women and their children (as productive members in families to migrate and look for jobs and new source of income. This migration made women subject to exploitation, hard labour, family break ups with very little earnings at the end.

Key words: Drought and conflicts, livelihood activities, coping strategies.

[1]. Abdurrahman Alsheref, the locality Commissioner (2012) an interview account.
[2]. Bogdan, R and Biklen, K (1982), Qualitative Research for Education: An Introduction to Theory and Method. By Allan and Baccon, Inc., 470 Atlantic Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02210. USA
[3]. FAO, (1994) Women, Agriculture and Rural Development: A Synthesis Report of the Africa Region, Rome.
[4]. Galtung John, (1996): Peace by Peaceful means, by London, SACE. UK
[5]. Karim Hussein and John Nelson, Sustainable livelihoods and Livelihood Diversification, IDS working paper 69. , 2004
[6]. http://ponce.sdsu.edu/three_issues_droughtfacts02.html, Drought Facts, the Ojos Negro Research Group.

Abstract: The importance of providing a means of livelihood for employees who have spent their precious time serving in either public or private sector can never be overemphasized. It was in the light of the above that the Nigerian Government under President Olusegun Obasanjo promulgated the 2004 Pension Reform Act led to adoption of pension system that is Contributory and fully funded in nature.

[1]. Ajiboye, O.E. (2011). The Pension Reform Act 2004 and the Wellbeing of Nigerian Retirees: A Sociological Evaluation of Its Provision. International Humanities and Social Science,1,316-323. http://www.ijhssnet.com/journals/Vol_1_No_21_Special_Issue_December_2011/32.pdf
[2]. Ayegba, O., James, I., Odoh, L. (2013). An Evaluation of Pension Administration in Nigeria. British Journal of Arts and Social Sciences, 15, 98-99. http://www.bjournal.co.uk/paper/BJASS_15_2/BJASS_15_02_01.pdf
[3]. Biafarin, J.O., Alimi, T., Baruwa, O.I., &Ajewole, O.C. (2010). Determinant of Technical, Allocative and Economic Efficiencies in the Plantain (Musa spp.)Production Industry, Ondo State, Nigeria. url: http://banana2008.com/cms/details/acta/879_18.pdf
[4]. BGL Pension Report (2010). Situating Nigeria in the Global Pension Industry. url: www.bglplc.com
[5]. Center for the Study of Social Policy (2007). Improving Quality and Access to Services And Supports in Vulnerable neighborhoods. url: http://www.cssp.org/publications/constituents-co-invested-in-change/customer-satisfaction/customer-satisfaction-what-research-tells-us.pdf

Abstract:This paper is concerned with a review and evaluation of the efforts and strategies adopted in India for bringing out administrative development for good governance and points out same directions of reforms, which are needed in Public Administrative system. Over the period of more than sixty years, while evolving a consensual framework of a democratic government, the leadership in India has also from time to time attempted to devise strategies for good governance, which is associated with an efficient and effective development-oriented, citizen friendly and responsive administration committed to improvement in quality of life of the people.

[1]. Lijphart, Arendt, "The Puzzle of Indian Democracy" A consociational interpretation: in American Political Science Review, Vol 90 No.2-June 1996-PP-258-68
[2]. Jain R.B, "Globalisation, Market Economy and human security: The Indian ExperienceIn Indian Journal of Public Administration, vol 42, No.-3, -July, Sept-1996-PP-309-20
[3]. See, Govt. of India, Ministry of Personnel, Public Grievances and Pensions, Annuyal Report-1997-98 New Delhi-PP-1-VII
[4]. Maheshwari, S.R., Administrative Reforms in India New Delhi, Jawahar Publishers 1993-PP-149-50

Abstract: Dropout from school hinders development as it makes human potentialities unexplored. This creates all round backwardness. Muslim communities are more backward particularly in Malda district, W.B., where the dropout rate is high. Parental decision to dropout their wards from primary education does not depend upon gender, but depend upon their economic status. Poverty influences the parents to withdraw their wards from school.

Key wards: backwardness, dropout, economic condition, gender, Muslim communities, primary education,.

[1] Anonymous, (2007), United Nations Development Program, UNESCO Report, 2009 , 171, retrieved on 19th Sept. 2011, from http://www.wikipedia,thefreeencyclopedia.mht
[2] Anonymous, Selected educational statistics 2005-06, MHRD, IMaCS Analysis; retrieved on 10th Sept. 2011, from http://www.nsdcindia.org/pdf/education-skill-development.pdf. [3] D Kasente, Gender and education in Uganda, A Case Study for EFA Monitoring Repor, 2003. [4] Musisi, et.al., Attendance pattern and causes of dropout in primary schools in Uganda: A Case Study of 16 Schools, A Research Report by Makerefe University; Institute of Social Research, 2003, 7-10.
[5] Anonymous, Bangladesh: High rate of school dropout, IRIN humanitarian news and analysis, 2007, retrieved on 5th Oct. 2011, from http://www.irinnews.org/report/75937/www.irinnews.org/asia.xml
[6] R Sabates, et.al., School dropout: patterns, causes, changes and policies, Background paper prepared for the Education for All Global Monitoring Report 2011, retrieved on 5th Nov. 2014 from http://www.academia.edu/580175/School_Drop_out_Patterns_Causes_Changes_and_Policies

Abstract: The current study aimed to investigate gender differences in perceived social support and clinical anger among depressed patients. It was hypothesized that there would be significant difference between female and male adult depressed patients in perceived social support and clinical anger. The sample of seventy diagnosed patients was selected from different psychiatry departments of hospitals of Lahore. Multidimensional perceived social support scale and Clinical Anger Scale was used to assess perceived social support and clinical anger in depressed patients respectively.

[1]. World Health Organization. Gender and women's mental health. Gender disparities and mental health: The Facts. (2014a). Retrieved on April, 2014 from http://www.who.int/mental_health/prevention/genderwomen/en/
[2]. American Psychological Association. Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders,5 (Arlington, VA: American Psychiatric Association, 2013).
[3]. World Health Organization. Mental Health: Depression. (2014b). Retrieved on April,2014 from http://www.who.int/mental-health/management/depression/definition/en/
[4]. D.A. Holmes, Abnormal, clinical & forensic psychology. (Harlow: Pearson, 2010).
[5]. A. A. M.Gadit, and G. Mugford, (2007). Prevalence of depression among households in three capital cities of Pakistan: Need to revise the mental health policy. PLoS ONE, 2(2),2007, e209.
[6]. O. S. Dalgard, C. Dowrick, V. Lehtinen, J. L. Vazquez-Barquero, P. Casey, G. Wilkinson, J. L. Ayuso-Mateos, H. Page, G. Dunn, and ODIN Group, Negative life events, social support and gender difference in depression: a multinational community survey with data from the ODIN study. Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology, 41(6), 2006, 444-51.

Abstract: The criminal administration of justice is one of the important components of the State. It has the dual responsibility of protection as well as detection of crime in society. The criminal administration of justice in India assumes that the State as a prosecution using its investigating resources and employing competent prosecutors will try its best to prove the case while on the other hand accused will hire the equally competent services of a counsel to defend himself and challenge the accusations leveled against him.

[1]. Human Rights, Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy,
[2]. The United Nations, Office of the High Commissioner of Human Rights, What are human rights?, Retrieved September 14, 2014 from http://www.ohchr.org/en/issues/pages/whatarehumanrights.aspx
[3]. Dalbir Bharti, The Constitution and Criminal Justice Administration, 42(APH Pub. Delhi, 2002)
[4]. Alakh Niranjan Singh and Prabhakar Singh, "What Can International Law Learn from Indian Mythology, Hinduism and History?" 2 JEAIL 246 (2009)

Abstract: India is highly susceptible to both natural and human-induced disasters due to its vast geography and dense population. Natural disasters such as earthquakes, floods, cyclones, and droughts frequently affect different regions. The Himalayan belt is prone to earthquakes, while coastal areas face cyclones and tsunamis. Floods often occur in the northern plains due to monsoon rains, whereas droughts impact central and western regions, threatening agriculture and water supplies. Human-induced disasters, including industrial accidents, deforestation, and pollution, also pose significant risks.........

Keywords: Natural Disasters, Tsunami, Uttarakhand Floods, Gujarat Earthquake, Human-Induced Disasters, Bhopal Gas Tragedy, Dhanbad Coal Mine Incident, Mumbai Serial Bomb Blast

[1]. Chari, P. R. (2010). India and Natural Disasters. In Global Warming and Climate Change: Prospects and Policies in Asia and Europe (pp. 145-158). London: Palgrave Macmillan UK. [2]. Dar, R. R. Problems and Challenges of Disaster Management in India. Management, Information Technology & Social Science, 247. [3]. Ganguli, S. K., Urmil, A. C., & Somaiya, P. A. (1993). NATURAL DISASTERS: AN OVERVIEW IN THE INDIAN CONTEXT. Indian Journal of Community Medicine, 18(3), 110-115. [4]. Guha-Sapir, D., & Hoyois, P. (2012). Disasters in India: Policy Overview of Vulnerability, Risks and Human Impact. In Recovering from Earthquakes (pp. 14-38). Routledge India. [5]. Kumar, K. A., Walia, A., & Chaturvedi, S. (2012). India disaster report. National Institute of Disaster Management, IIPA Campus, New Delhi.

Abstract: African American writers experimented with "the novel of social realism" (Tradition, 340) because of their distinctive black social and cultural experience. The earliest fictions were "freedom of the romances" (340) with an appeal for their culture but at the level of realism, this kind of fiction was silent on the upcoming moral and political issues of the day like racism, classism and sexism. The identity of African Americans in the pre- and post- emancipated decades has been shaped by different circumstances. Toni Morrison considered fiction as an indispensable medium........

Keywords: African American, Social Realism, Culture, Identity, Black, Race

[1]. A Companion to American Cultural History. Ed. Karen Halthunen. "USA. UK. Australia": Blackwell, 2008. Print.
[2]. African American Writers. Ed. Valerie Smith, Lea Baechler and A. Walton Litz. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, 1991. Print.
[3]. Afro-American History: Primary Sources. Ed. Thomas R. Fragier and John Morton Blum. USA: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, Inc., 1971. Print.
[4]. Ahad, Abdul. Novels of Toni Morrison (Man-Woman Relationships). New Delhi: Satyam, 2008. Print.
[5]. Alice Walker and Zora Neale Hurston: The Common Bond. Ed. Lillie P. Howard. Connecticut: London: Green Wood Press, 1993. Print.