IOSR-JHSS   Volume-22 ~ Issue-2 ~ February-2017

Abstract: The internet usage by adolescents was studied using a questionnaire. Sample consisted of students from different professional and non professional courses. The study revealed that the adolescents were using internet in medium range. And majority of the sample was using mobile phone to access internet. Students said that they prefer spending much more time online at home compared to college. Adolescents were having accounts in atleast two social networking websites

[1] Boyd, d., & Ellison, N. (2007). Social network sites: Definition, history, and scholarship. Journal of ComputerMediated Communication 13, 210‐230.
[2] Erdoğan, Y. (2008). Exploring the Relationships among Internet Usage, Internet Attitudes and Loneliness of Turkish Adolescents. Cyberpsychology: Journal of Psychosocial Research on Cyberspace, 2(2), article 1.
[3] Lenhart, A., Madden, M and Hitlin, P. 2005. Teens and technology: you are leading the transition to a fully wired and mobile nation. fromwww.pew Internet.org.
[4] Mesch, G. S. 2003. The family and the internet: The Israeli case. Social science Quarterly, 84, 1039 -1050.

Abstract: The study investigated the effect of security equipment on policing in Central Senatorial District of Cross River State, Nigeria. The specific objectives of the study includes: to determine how functional patrol vehicles, the availability of walkie-talkie affects policing, and whether arms and ammunition are adequate and effectively used in policing. Three null hypotheses were formulated based on the identified sub-independent variables namely: patrol vehicles, walkie-talkie, arms and ammunition and the independent variable policing. Survey design was adopted in this study.............

Keywords: Security equipment, patrol vehicles, walkie-talkie, arms and ammunition, policing

[1] Ajayi, F. (2013). Crime control in Nigeria: the odds against the police. The International Journal Research of Social Sciences and Management, 3(5), 15-19
[2] Alemika, E. E. O. & Chukwuma, I. C. (2004). Crime and policing in Nigeria: challenges and options network on police reform in Nigeria Lagos: Cleen Foundation.
[3] Alemika, E. E. O. & Chukwuma, I. C. (2006).Criminal victimization, safety and policing in Nigeria. Monograph series, No 6. Cleen Foundation Lagos.
[4] Babangida, M. (2012). The search for National Security in Nigeria: challenges and prospects. A paper presented at a public lecture at Obafemi Awofowo Institute of Government Mushin-Lagos.
[5] Balogun, T. (1999). Police welfarism and state police agitation: 2nd national workshop on security of life and property in Nigeria. The Dawn, 3(5), 7-9.

Abstract: The present study aims to investigate whether the self-efficacy level of college students of working mothers differ significantly from college students of non-working mothers. The study further compared the self-efficacy of college students on the basis of gender. An attempt was made to examine whether there exists any difference between male and female students. The total sample for the study was comprised of 162 students selected randomly from undergraduate level of different colleges of Guwahati, Assam. General Self-Efficacy Scale developed by Jerusalem and Schwarzer was administered to the selected sample to assess their self-efficacy...............

KEY WORDS: Self-Efficacy, Working mothers, Non-working mothers, Gender.

[1] Anuradha,S. (1999). Women and Work: Human Resource Management Perspective. New Delhi: Pyan Publishing House.
[2] ASL Sowmya, Dr. E. Manjuvani(2011), A Comparative Study on Achievement Motivation of Children of Employed and Non-Employed Mothers.

Abstract: Vijay Dhondopant Tendulkar (7th January 1928 – 19th May 2008) was a leading Indian playwright, movie and television writer, literary essayist, political journalist and social commentator primarily in Marathi. His plays have been translated and performed in many Indian languages. By providing insight into major social events and political upheavals during his life, he has become one of the strongest radical political voices in Indian literature in recent times. His early struggle for survival and living for some time in chawls in Mumbai provided him first-hand experience about the life of urban lower middle-class. Many of his plays derived inspiration from real life incidents or social upheavals, which provides clear light on harsh realities of the Indian society.

Keywords: - Concern, Middle-class, Radical, Realities, Social, Upheavals

Abstract: There were some places in independent India, where country‟s independence defined its people differently, resulting in creation of a separate class of "stateless people‟ within Democratic India and Republic of Bangladesh. Enclaves in India and in Bangladesh were created for a variety of historical, political and geographical reasons. These were the consequence of the historical partition of India in 1947. These imminent territories within these two countries had created an inhuman situation for the people of these enclaves and enclaves‟ people were sustaining their existence under an inhuman situation of statelessness without support of the state aids and machineries from either country...................

Key words :- Exclave, Adverse Possession, 119th Constitutional Amendment, Land Boundary Agreement (LBA), Enclaves Settlement Camps, Tin Bigha Corridor, Coochbehar District, Exchange of Enclaves.

[1] Press Release by Ministry of External Affairs, Govt. of India (2015), "Exchange of Enclaves between India and Bangladesh".
[2] Public Diplomacy Division, Ministry of External Affairs, Govt. of India (2015), "India Bangladesh Land Boundary Agreement‟.
[3] "Bangladesh India Land Boundary Agreement‟ (2011).
[4] "Bangladesh India Land Boundary Agreement‟ (1974).
[5] "PROTOCOL TO THE AGREEMENT BETWEEN THE GOVERNMENT OF THE REPUBLIC OF INDIA AND THE GOVERNMENT OF THE PEOPLE‟s REPUBLIC OF BANGLADESH CONCERNING THE DEMARCATION OF THE LAND BOUNDARY BETWEEN INDIA AND BANGLADESH AND RELATED MATTERS‟ (2011).

Abstract: This study aims at examining the linkage among self esteem, general self-efficacy and competences of individuals. Attracting competent and motivated people into the organisation is challenging real concerns that make policy makers and researchers think from a diverse range of countries, such as the United States, the Netherlands, Germany, the United Kingdom, Australia and India. Therefore, it is not surprising to observe that a growing body of research examines the underlying reasons for motivating individuals to become effective performers. This study proposes a conceptual model to identify relationship among the variables self-esteem, general self-efficacy and competences.

Keywords: Competence, performance, self-esteem and general self-efficacy.

[1] Wood, R., & Bandura, A. (1989). (1989). Impact of conceptions of ability on self-regulatory mechanisms and complex decision making. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 56(3), 407., 56(3), 407.
[2] Bandura, A. (1997). (1997b). Self-efficacy: The exercise of control.
[3] Gist, M. E., & Mitchell, T. R. (1992). Self-efficacy: A theoretical analysis of its determinants and malleability. Academy of Management Review, 17(2), 183–211.
[4] Saks, A. M. (1995). Longitudinal field investigation of the moderating and mediating effects of self-efficacy on the relationship between training and newcomer adjustment. Journal of Applied Psychology, 80(2), 211., 80(2), 211.
[5] Martocchio, Joseph J., and T. A. J. (1997). Relationship between conscientiousness and learning in employee training: mediating influences of self-deception and self-efficacy. " Journal of Applied Psychology, 82(5), 764.

Abstract: An eminent Hindi News paper "Amar Ujala‟ has published a news in Faizabad edition of 14th January 2017 that U.S. based international agency QS has published rankings of the institutions of higher education. Indian institutions have failed again to get rank among top 100 institutions of the world. Almost all of them have slipped down. It proves that quality of education has declined and declining further. Science institutions like IIS, Bangluru has slipped from 147th to 151st position in one year. The institutions of Arts and Social Sciences have much worse reputation...........

Keywords: Bias in Higher Education in India, Colonial India, Brahmanism, UGC in India, Definition of Education, Regulations 2010.

[1] Efforts to establish that has been started much earlier, Navdurga festival (23rd June 1757 AD. In eastern region), Ganpati Festival (though Ganapati was Kuladevta of Peshwas it was converted in to public festival by the efforts of Tilak in Maharashtra region from 1892 to 1894 AD.) has been introduced and celebrated in fashion if they had been celebrated by all sections of society. Wudeyars were reinstated in Mysore, to show their gratitude, they started Dusshera and Durgapuja on larger scale. The festival was converted in to a mass festival.
[2] Instituting the culture reflected in literature written in Sanskrit language among the different sections of the society of the subcontinent.
[3] Brihatkatha is the original work which was written in Paisachi Prakrit by Gunadhya. It is interesting that the original work is extinct. But Sanskrit version "Brihatkathamanjari‟ is available for the researchers.
[4] Gross Enrolment Ratio- percentage of potential students enrolled in educational institutions in a given year.
[5] Higher Institutions of India failed to get place in top 100 list of the world. Most them slipped and are lagging behind. A survey of U.S. based agency Q.S. As published in "Amar Ujala‟ dated 14 January 2017, Faizabad edition.

Abstract: The present paper aimed was to study paternalparenting styles and its relationship with antisocial behaviours among adolescents. The research was carried out on the sample of 339 males' adolescents' age between 15 to 18 years of Government Science and Technical College and Government Science Secondary School of Geidam Metropolis area of Yobe State in North Eastern Nigeria. Parental Styles Questionnaire (PAQ) of Buri (1991) was administered on adolescents to rate the behaviours of their parents. While, self-youth report questionnaire of Achenbach (1991) was assessed the adolescents antisocial and externalizing behaviours. The results of the study showed that there is a significant positive relationship...........

Keywords: Paternal authoritative, authoritarian, permissive parenting styles, antisocial behaviours and adolescents.

[1] Achenbach, T.M. (1991). Child behaviour check-list 14-18 Burlington. University of Vermont.
[2] Ary, D.V., T.E. Duncan, A. Bigian, C.W. Metzler, J.W. Noell and K. Smolkowsky, (1999). Developmentof adolescent problem behaviours. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychol., 27: 141-150I.
[3] Akhter, N., Hanif, R., Tariq, N., & Atta, M. (2011). Parenting styles as predictors of externalizing and internalizing behavior problems among children. Pakistan Journal of Psychological Research, 26(1), 23-41.
[4] Alizadeh, S., Talib, M. B. A., Abdullah, R., & Mansor, M. (2011). Relationship between parenting style and children's behavior problems. Asian Social Science, 7(12), 195.
[5] Ary, D. V., Duncan, T. E., Biglan, A., Metzler, C. W., Noell, J. W., & Smolkowski, K. (1999). Development of adolescent problem behavior. Journal of abnormal child psychology, 27(2), 141-150.

Abstract: Security is a subject which is very vital and lack of it would be very dangerous.humans and all other creatures due to their instincts are always looking for security. However society would cease to make progress if any individual struggles to preserve security by themselves. Therefore forstabilizing security humans rely on a institute such as government so that they would be able to progress in a specific way in order to bloom economic thinking .yetsecurity in a society is different with environmental security.Environmental security which is built based on Ideology will cause to create a unipolar society.Fascismin Italy, Nazi in Germany (right-wing totalitarianism) and or Istalin's Communist soviet union(left-wing totalitarianism) are the examples.

Keywords: Freedom, sphere of politics, environmental security.

[1] The political poverty,Abbasali amid zanjani, Amir kabir publications,347,2004.

[2] History of civilization Will Durant scientific publishing, translated by Ziyaaldintabatabay,489,2001.

[3] Power elites, C wright mills, translated by cultural foundation research,2004.

[4] Hossein, reason in politic,453,2002.

Abstract: In the last few decades, the rising levels of industrialization, urbanization, climbing: population and changes in lifestyle have increased the threat of global warming and climate changes. The Kyoto protocol of 1997 had the objective of reducing greenhouse gasses (GHG) emissions to 5.2 percent lower than the levels of 1990 during the period 2008-2012. The rise in greenhouse gasses emissions has been the major ongoing concern for both developed and developing countries. With the recent economic growth of the BRICS countries, emissions are expected to increase as BRICS countries..........

[1] Bozkurt Cuma and Yusuf Akan (2014), "Economic Growth, CO2 Emissions and Energy Consumption: The Turkish Case", International journal of energy economics and policy, vol 4, no.3, pp. 484 - 494.
[2] Cowan Wendy N, Tsang Yao Chang, Roula Inglesi-Lotz and Rangam Gupta (2014), "The nexus of electricity consumption, economic growth, and CO2 emissions in the BRICS countries", Energy Policy (66), pp.359-368.
[3] Goldman Sachs (2003), "Dreaming with BRICs: The Path to 2050", Global Economics Paper no. 99.
[4] "Green Energy Choices: The Benegits, Risks, and Trade- offs of Low –Carbon Technologies for Electricity production", (2015) UNEP.
[5] John Asafu- Adjayi(2000), " The Relationship between Energy Consumption, Energy Prices, and Economic Growth: Time Series Evidence from Asian Developing Countries", Energy Economics (22), pp. 615-625.

Abstract: Kashmir constituted a significant unit of the mighty Mughal Empire. The Valley stood in the neighborhood of Kabul province which touched the borders of Central Asia. Multan and Lahore exist to its south and remained in connection with Punjab by various routes. The Valley experienced the rule of great rulers of the dynasty like Akbar, Jahangir, Shah-i-jahan and Aurangzeb. The occupation of the land by the Mughals ended its age long internal strife, provided uniform system of administration, abolished toll tax, improved and extended its routes, which together boosted the trade and commerce.........

Keywords: Paradise, Mir-i-Aab (water-distributor),Kharif(Autumn crops), Rabi(Spring crops, Kashta

[1] M.L. Kapoor,The History And Culture of Kashmir, P.258.
[2] P.N.Tikoo,Story Of Kashmir, P.61.
[3] M.L.Kapoor, opcit, P.259.
[4] A.M.Matoo,Kashmir Under The Mughals, P.05.
[5] M.L.Kapoor,A History Of Medieval Kashmir,P.141.

Abstract: The study was to find out the influence of self efficacy and academic stress on process skills in physics of higher secondary school students. The study adopted survey method and a representative sample of 505 higher secondary school students were selected by the stratified random sampling technique. The tools developed by the investigators for the study was Self efficacy Scale, Academic Stress Inventory and test of process skills in physics. The statistical techniques used were Pearson's Product moment Co-efficient of correlation and Two-way-ANOVA with 3×3 factorial design. The results show that main effect of self efficacy and Academic stress on Process skills in physics is significant, implies that the levels of Process skills in Physics is different for different levels of independent variables, self efficacy and Academic stress.

Keywords: Self Efficacy, Academic Stress and Process Skills in Physics

[1] Abouscie, H. (1994). A conceptual formulations for research on stress: Stress at work. New York: Wiley.
[2] Bandura, A. (1977). Social learning theory. Englewood Cliffs: Prentice Hall.
[3] Bandura, A. (1982). Self-Efficacy mechanisms in human agency. American Psychologist, 37,122-147.
[4] Ferguson, G.A. (1976). Statistical analysis in psychology and education. Tokyo: McGraw Hill.
[5] Garrett, H.E. (1981). Statistics in psychology and education. Bombay: Vakils Feffer and Simons Ltd.

Abstract: The objective of this study is to show the effect of inflation on savings in a Small open economy Ethiopia for the period 1974-2014 using autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) and ECM. The result of Cointegration test, using ARDL bounds testing approach, indicates the existence of long run relationship among the variables entered in the regression model and between inflation and national saving .To explores the direction of causality between inflation and National saving Granger Causality test has been employed. The direction of causation test indicated the existence of unidirectional causality running from inflation to saving, but saving does not granger causes inflation. Further, the long run estimation result shows that there is significant positive effect of inflation on national saving in the long run and insignificant negative effect in the short run.

Keywords: ARDL, Ethiopia, Inflation, Saving

[1] Ahmad,K., and Mahmood, H. (2013).Macroeconomic determinants of National savings Revisited: A small open economy of Pakistan. "world applied sciences journal 21(1),pp 49-57,National college of Administration and economics, Lahore, Pakistan
[2] Chari, V. V., Jones, L. E., and Manuelli, R. E. (1996), Inflation, Growth, and Financial Intermediation, Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis, May/June 1996 Review
[3] Chopra, S. (1988), Inflation, Household Savings and Economic Growth, Ph. D. thesis, M. S. University of Baroda, India
[4] Dholakia, R. H. (1995). Expected Inflation and Short-Term Forecast of Growth Rate in India. IASSI Quarterly, Vol. 13, No. 4, pp. 44-67.
[5] Feyera G.(2015). The nexus between Inflation rate, Gross National Saving rate and per capita income growth rate in Ethiopia: the co-integrated VAR approach: MSc Thesis. Addis Ababa University

Abstract: In this document are the results of the research to the codex Santa María la Asunción y Vergara, it contains the plots of land that are located in the acolhua region of Texcoco, Mexico. The plots show their perimeter size in T units. It is important that the size of length and area correspond both to the astronomical dimensions of the planet movements that astronomical acolhuas people observed regularly. The planetary revolutions establish correlations between them, which determine...........

Keywords: Mesoamerican cultures, Santa María la Asunción codex, surveyor rules

[1] Jorge, Williams, Garza-Hume & Olvera (2011). Mathematical accuracy of Aztec land surveys assessed from records in the Codex Vergara. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.
In: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3174618/. Retrieved on May 25, 2016.

[2] Castillo, Víctor (1972). Unidades nahuas de medida. Estudios de Cultura Náhuatl, México: UNAM, Instituto de Investigaciones Históricas,10: 195-223

[3] Harvey H. R & Williams B. J (1980). Aztec arithmetic: positional notation and area calculation. Science, Oct 31; 210 (4469): 449-505.

[4] Dehouve, Danièle (2011). L´imaginaire des nombres chez les anciens Mexicains. Presses Universitaires de Rennes.

Abstract: Various illegal activities through roads' occupants pose many socio-economic and environmental challenges to residents living in and around city centres. Among these activities is street trading. Until date, street trading activities constitute one of unresolved challenges to motorists, pedestrians andresidents within central business districts (CBD) in Nigeria. This study aimed at examining implications of street trading activitieson the residents within CBD in Nigeria using Ado-Ekiti as the study area. The study utilized quantitative and qualitative methods in data collection..............

Keywords: Ado-Ekiti, Central Business District, Environmental, Street trading, Vehicular

[1] T. Agbola, Readings in urban and regional planning(Macmillan Books, Ibadan 2004)
[2] A.L. Mabogunje "Towards an urban policy in Nigeria". Journal of Economics and Social Studies Vol.1(1974):
[3] S. K. Bhowmik (2003) Urban responses to street trading in India: Africa's at the urban research symposium on urban development
for economic development for economic growth and poverty reduction, World bank, Washinton D.C.
[4] B. Alison, M Lyons and I Dankoco; Street traders and the emerging spaces for urban voice and citizenship in African cities
Urban Studies Journal Limited 2010
[5] A. Ademola; Street trade; symbol of tradition. The daily Sketch, 1990 7 (34)

Abstract: This study is entitled "In-service Education Programmes for Secondary School Teachers and Students' Academic Performance, A case study of Nyarugenge District, Rwanda ". The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of in-service education programmmes for secondary school teachers on students' academic performance in secondary schools of Nyarugenge District between 2008 and 2012 school years. This study used the ex post facto research design. This research tried to analyse the causal-comparative relationship between in-service education programmes for secondary school teachers and the students' academic performance. The target population was made of teachers and head of studies from secondary schools in Nyarugenge...........

Keywords: In-service education, Qualified teachers, academic performance, Head of studies

[1] Abiddin, N.Z. (2006). Mentoring and Coaching: The Roles and Practices. The Journal of Human Resource and Adult Learning, November 2006, University Putra Malaysia, Malaysia.

[2] Adeyemo, S.A. (2012). The Influence of Teachers' Supply and the Provision of Laboratory Facilities onStudents' Achievement in Physics. European Journal of Educational Studies, 4(3), 397.
[3] Agharuwhe, A. A., & Ugborugbo, M.N. (2009). Teachers' Effectiveness and Students' Academic Performance in Public Secondary Schools in Delta State, Nigeria. Study Home Communication Science, 3(2), 107-113.
[4] Ajayi, I.A., & Yusuf, M.A. (2009). Instructional Space Planning and Students' Academic Performance in South West Nigeria Secondary Schools. International Journal of Education and Science, 1(2), 73-77
[5] Akinfe , E. ,Olofinniyi, O.E., & Fashiku, C.O. (2012). Teachers' Quality as Correlates of Students Academic Performance in Biology in Senior Secondary Schools of Ondo State, Nigeria .Online Journal of Education Research, 1(6), 108-114. Retrieved December 27, 2012, from http://www.onlineresearchjournals.org/IJER

Abstract: Violence and penal liability arising from sport activities are some of the most controversial subjects in criminal law. The importance of sport is primarily in its economic power. This article briefly covers the main sub-titles of reasons giving rise to violence in sporting activities and penal liability arising from violent actes resulting from such reasons related to sports as a multidisciplinary field...........

Keywords: Sports, violence in sports, match fixing, doping, corruption

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Abstract: The paper presents the analysis of Islamic banking growth in Indonesia. The method used in this paper is fuzzy logic that implemented by using Matlab software verses 7.1. The research result shows that by following the partial variable of total asset gives negative effect to dependent variable (Islamic banking growth). The growth has average error of 0.00153104 (asset growth).

Keywords: Islamic banking, assets, fuzzy logic

[1] A. H. Fathani, Al-Quran in Fuzzy Clustering ( Lintas Pustaka, Jakarta, 2007)
[2] Ajija,.S.l Rohmatul. Smart Way to Study Eviews ( Salemba Empat, Jakarta, 2011).
[3] W. Dan, Patterson,Artificial Neural Network Theory and Applications ( 1996)
[4] A.M. Syafii, Islamic Banking from Theory to Practical (Gama Insani, Jakarta, 2001)
[5] Arifin, Zainal, Principle of Islamic Banking Management (Azkia Publisher, Tangerang, 2009)

Abstract: Jacobs (2000) and McLean (2000) assert the need to extend limits of HRD to incorporate different themes in an assortment of settings. Non-governmental associations (NGOs) give conceivable outcomes and impediments to the financial improvement of ladies in India. The parts of NGOs in serving the financial needs of women give a more extensive, non-customary setting for investigating HRD procedures and administrations at a national level.

Keywords: Gender, NGOs, Economic Development

[1] Appell, V. The self-employed women's association: Ideology in action. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, University of British Columbia, Vancouver.1996
[2] Bates, R., &Redmann, D. Core principles and the planning process of a world-class workforce development system. In E. Holton & S. Naquin (Eds.) Workforce development: A guide to developing and implementing workforce development systems (pp. 111-120). San Francisco: Berret-Koehler.2002
[3] Bhat, G. (2000). An assessment of innovative initiatives of non-governmental organisations in entrepreneurship development. In K. Prasad & D. K. Madaan (Eds.), NGOs and socio-economic development opportunities (pp. 44-57). New Delhi: Deep & Deep Publications.
[4] Bierema, L., &Cseh, M. (2003). Evaluating AHRD research using a feminist research framework. Human Resource Development

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