IOSR-JHSS   Volume-22 ~ Issue-9 ~ September-2017

Abstract: No country can develop without development of education. Present study is taken up to investigate educational foundations of fast growing emerging economies of world- BRICS (i.e. Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa). It makes comparison of educational achievements in literacy, enrolment, school years and education expenditure between them and with select advanced countries. Further, it studies correlation of enrolment and school years with GDP and education expenditure. Results indicate BRICS still lag behind developed countries. Among BRICS, Russia and Brazil fare better. GDP is positively related to enrolment and school years. Education expenditure is positively related only to enrolment. JEL Codes: F5, I25, O15, P52

Key terms: BRICS, education, GDP, expenditure, comparison

[1] Anyanwu, J.C and A.E.O Erhijakpor (2007). Education Expenditures and School Enrolment in Africa: Illustrations from Nigeria and other SANE Countries. African Development Bank (Economic Research Working Paper n.92). Retrieved from website: http://www.afdb.org/
[2] Araf, T (2016). Trends, Growth and Changing Patterns of Public Expenditure on Education in India. J Glob Econ 4: 226. doi: 10.4172/23754389.1000226
[3] Chaudhary, L, A Musacchio, S Nafziger and S Yan (2011). Big BRICs, Weak Foundations: The Beginning of Public Elementary Education in Brazil, Russia, India, and China. Harvard Business School (Working Paper n.11-083).
[4] Clemens, M.A. (2004). The Long Walk to School: International education goals in historical perspective. Center for Global Development (Working Paper n.37).
[5] De, A and T Endow (2008). Public Expenditure on Education in India: Recent Trends and Outcomes. Research Consortium on Educational Outcomes and Poverty (Working Paper n.08/18).

Abstract: This paper enunciates the comparison between the features of parliamentary government and presidential government. It also makes an effort to bring out the historical debate, discussion and decision of three main framers of the constitution of India, i.e., DR B. R. Ambedkar, Jawaharlal Nehru and K. M. Munshi , about the adoption of parliamentary form of government for Indian political system and emphasize on the factors that drove India to adopt the Parliamentary system of government.

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Abstract: In the recent past, policies such as "command and control" towards solid waste collection services have not been successful, basically due to inadequate and insufficient existing policies and legislation for a sustainable waste management and often framed without consulting local communities. However, households' decisions to participate in waste management strategies are generally triggered by their knowledge of the problems and perceived benefits of enviromental sustainability. This study focuses on households' awareness, perceptions and attitudes toward solid waste collection services in Kano metropolis, north-western Nigeria. A survey questionnaire was administered to 391 households in the metropolis. Data were evaluated using exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and the theory........

Keywords: Exploratory Factor Analysis, Households' Awareness, Perception and Attitude, Kano Metropolis, Social Psychology, Solid Waste Management.

[1] Nabegu, A.B. (2010). An Analysis of Municipal Solid Waste in Kano Metropolis, Nigeria. Analysis, 31(2), 111–119.
[2] Olanrewaju, O. O., & Ilemobade, A. A. (2009). Waste to wealth: a case study of the Ondo State Integrated waste recycling and treatment project, Nigeria. Euro. J. Soc. Sci., 1(8), 7–16.
[3] Ogwueleka, T. C. (2009). Municipal Solid Waste Characteristics and Management in Nigeria, 6(3), 173–180.
[4] Aliu, I. R., Adeyemi, O. E., & Adebayo, A. (2014). Municipal household solid waste collection strategies in an African megacity: Analysis of public private partnership performance in Lagos. Waste Management & Research : The Journal of the International Solid Wastes and Public Cleansing Association, ISWA, 32(9 Suppl), 67–78. http://doi.org/10.1177/0734242X14544354
[5] Babayemi, J. O., & Dauda, K. T. (2009). Evaluation of solid waste generation, categories and disposal options in developing countries: a case study of Nigeria. Journal of Applied Sciences and Environmental Management, (3)(13)..

Abstract: Living with the nature closely the indigenous women had acquired the knowledge of varied economic activities related to land and natural resources. Considering the participation of indigenous women in various economic activities they were regarded as economic backbone of family or centre of all economic activities. That was leading to hold a special position in the indigenous society. They were enjoying more social status and prestige in the society in comparison to their female counterpart of non-indigenous society. It was possible as long that the land and natural resources considered as community property and they had been enjoying the autonomy of use land and natural resources. Whenever........

[1]. Acharya, A. K. 2009. "The dynamic of Internal Displacement, Forced Migration and Vulnerable to Trafficking in Maxico", Journal of Human Ecology, 27(3): 161-170.
[2]. Agarwal B. 2000. "Conceptualising Environmental Collective Action: Why Gender Matters", Cambridge Journal of Economics, 24: 283–310.
[3]. Brush, S. 2000. Genes in the Field. On-Farm Conservation of Crop Diversity. IPGRI, ICRC: Boca Raton: Lewis Publisher.
[4]. Cernea, M. 2000. Risks, Safeguards, and Reconstruxction. A Model for population displacement and resettlement. in M. Cernea and Christopher Mcdowell (eds). Risks and Reconstruction. Experiences of Resetttlers and Refugees. The World Bank. Washtingon:11 - 56.
[5]. Dwivedi, R. 2002 ‗Models and Methods in Development-Induced Displacement — Review Article', Development and Change 33(4): 709–32.,

Abstract: The present study seeks to examine the growth trends in area, production and productivity in major coconut growing countries. It focuses on the performance of different counties in coconut production and also observed magnitude of variations in production trend. The study is based on secondary data obtained from reports of Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. The time period consider for this study is span of 15 years from 2005-06 to 2014-15 and out of the 97 coconut producing countries, 15 countries are selected as sample of the study. The study used average, coefficient of variation, Instability, Compound Annual growth and Semi-Log function for analyzing the data. The results reveals that the leading coconut producing countries in world, viz. Brazil, Malaysia, Vanuatu, Ghana, Papua New Genuine. Among the countries of the world, the coconuts productivity in the Ghana had increased highest followed Papau New Guninea, India, Vanuatu, Malaysia, Sri Lanka and Myanmar

[1]. AranconJr, R. N. (2010), "Production and global trade scenario of coconut". Indian Horticulture, 55(5), 8-17.
[2]. Barman, S.C. & Ahmed, M. (1998), "Coconut and it's in area, production and productivity in Bangladesh", India coconut journal, 40(2), 6-7.
[3]. Coir Board (1989): "India's Production, Exports and Internal Consumption of Coir", Cochin, P.1.
[4]. Daniel L. Fulks and Michael K. Staton (2003): Business Statistics, Schaum's outline series. McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. New Delhi.
[5]. Elias, G. (2015), "Trends in the area of coconut cultivation in India". Indian Journal of Research, 4(6), 120-122.

Abstract: In the face of a huge digital revolution, the integration of information and communication technology (ICT) in education has not raised to the expected standard. Mostly the impact is assessed in relationship with ICT policies, infrastructure build–up, quality improvement, student achievements etc. ICT's have brought new possibilities in the education sector, at the same it has placed more demands on teachers in becoming ICT- capable ones. They are to be prepared to teach their subjects using technology in its most effective manner. Obviously, they should be mastered in using hardware and software, learn how to cope with digital medias ranging from classroom technologies to instructional design and delivery. The need of the hour is to equip the teachers with adequate..........

Keywords: Digital Divide, ICT, Rural School, Secondary education.

[1]. Asia and Pacific Programme of Educational Innovation for Development (Bangkok:UNESCO, 1991)
[2]. Ismail, Thamaraseri, Teaching of Social Science for the 21st century (New Delhi: Kanishka Publications, 2012)
[3]. Dhananjay, Joshi, Methodology of Teaching Social Sciences( New Delhi: Dorling Kindersley, 2012)
[4]. Jothi, Arul, Balaji, D.L & Pandey, Amrita, Teaching of Social Sciences-I (New York : Routledge, 2014)
[5]. Pearsons Series in Education, Teaching of Social science (New Delhi: Dorling Kindersley, 2012)
[6]. Computer Education Plan (CEP)-Kerala, 2005, Directorate of Public Instruction, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala

Abstract: India is a multi-religious, multi-cultural and multi-lingual land. It is a land of unity in diversity. Assam is a part of India which has witnessed various tribes and Communities existing together. The Bodo Community is regarded as the highest and largest group among the different tribes of Assam. They are most indigenous and aboriginal tribe of the North East India. They belong to the Sino-Tibetan family of Mongoloid race inhabiting an extensive area in the northern bank of Brahmaputra valley of Assam. They have been known as Kiratas in Puranas . They have their own culture, Tradition, Custom, Language, and Religion. Their language is recognized by Sahitya Academy and also included............

Keywords:Bathou religion, Bodo community, Bwrai Bathou , custom,tradition,

[1] Brahma, Liladhar: 1991, the Religious Dances of the Bodos. P-17
[2] Brahma, Dr. Kameswar: 1992, An Introduction to The Traditional Practices of The Bodos,p-12
[3] en.wikipedia.org/wki/bathouism
[4] Narendra Das: 'God, Philosophy and Bathou religion' published in Kishanian Thought ,2010 p-52
[5] Devi, Dr. Premalata,1998 : 'Social and Religious institutions of Bodos' p-143;

Abstract: Tareeqat is etymologically derived from Arabic tarîqah from plural form tarâ'iq. It means the path or way (al-kaifiyah), traffic place (al-sirâth), mazhab sect, flow or sect (al-mazhab), method or system (al-uslûb). Tareeqat is the fath or the open way to God Almighty taken by a sâlik (tareeqat followers) to go to God, Allah SWT. Tareeqat is often imaged as old, has no socio-political, and apolitical sensitivity. And yet the history of the Islamic world shows the role of tareeqat in various countries in the political struggle against the colonialism. The tareeqat community contributed to the resurrection and the formation of the state. The role of the tareeqat in the stage of social-historical life can be said...............

Keywords: state; tareeqat; tasawuf; struggle.

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Abstract: Every Muslim is required to perform the Friday prayer coupled with the Friday sermon in Medan. As long as Muslims are still on the surface of the earth during that time, the Friday sermon will continue. Secondly, the implementation of the Friday sermon generally takes place simultaneously in every country if it is only a few hours apart. So the message in the Friday sermon can be disseminated throughout the Islamic world with uniform material. Thirdly, in terms of communication, the Friday sermon is a communication in one direction and communication from top to bottom. A preacher is not only a seat position higher than the congregation but also the message conveyed should not be interrupted during the sermon. the jamaah practice what the preacher preached was also influenced by the credibility of the preacher himself. So if the preacher is well known and pious, the possibility of jamaah to procatice it is higher than if the preacher is considered less credible.

Keywords:Friday sermon; mosques; preacher; jamaah.

[1]. Abdullah. (2015). Ilmu Dakwah: Kajian Ontologi, Epestemologi, Aksiologi dan Aplikasi Dakwah. Bandung: Citapustaka Media.
[2]. Al-Wa'ie, Taufik Yusuf. (2004). Profil Wanita Aktifis Dakwah, Jakarta : Griya Ilmu.
[3]. Ali, A. Mukti. (1987). Beberapa Persoalan Agama Dewasa Ini. Jakarta : Rajawali.
[4]. Al Maududi, Abul A'la. (1982). Petunjuk Untuk Juru Dakwah. Bandung : Al Ma'arif.
[5]. Anshari, M. Isa. (1979). Mujahid Da'wah. Bandung : Diponogoro

Abstract: Namdeo Dhasal is arguably one of the most prominent Indian poets of the 20th century. Born on February 15, 1949 in the untouchable Mahar family, Dhasal became the only Dalit poet whose poetry fetched him both, the Padma Shri in 1999 and a Lifetime Achievement award from our country's apex literary institution Sahitya Akademi in 2004. Dhasal is a potent voice of Dalit revolt who finds a very close relation between literature and politics. He fractured the Marathi literary world which had always been dominated by the upper-class writers. All his nine books of poetry speaks for the oppressed, is addressed to the oppressed and represents their oppression. His poetry deals with the people, the society, the professions existing on the thresholds of the so called 'pious and decent' world. His poetry, the words he uses and the manner in which he uses them have so much reality, rage, power and strength in them that they can serve as the new anthem for the Dalit youth. This paper presents a glimpse of the poetry of Namdeo Dhasal, keeping in forefront the'Dalit-ness' that one encounters as one travels through his works.

Keywords: Dalit, class struggle, exploitation, revolt

[1]. Dhasal, Namdeo. Namdeo Dhasal: Poet of the Underworld (Poems 1972-2006). Trans and Ed. Dilip Chitre. New Delhi: Navayana,2007. Print.
[2]. Chitre, Dilip. Trans and Ed. Namdeo Dhasal: Poet of the Underworld (Poems 1972-2006). New Delhi: Navayana, 2007. Print.
[3]. Singh, Rajvinder, "A Poet of 'mindful' words", The Hindu, January 20, 2014. Web Sources:
[4]. Bohm, Robert. "Note to D on Namdeo Dhasal" <http://www.robertbohm.com/analysis/notetodonnamdeodhasal.html> 26 Jan 2009.
[5]. http://www.rediff.com/news/column/namdeo-dhasal-a-poet-with-a-panthers-hunger-for-justice/20140115.htm.