IOSR-JHSS   Volume-23 ~ Issue-5 ~ May -2018

Abstract: Understanding poverty is a major area in the study of social stratification and inequality. The reasons of poverty could not be evaluated by any uni-dimensional approach, rather it requires overall holistic approaches to deal with the issue. In India especially when we have to deal with the structure based on caste system, issue becomes more complex and thus we need multi-dimensional lens to find the solutions. This study is an endeavour to explore the underlying reasons of poverty among one of the scheduled caste community in Kathua district of Jammu and Kashmir, India. The community under study is Mahasha. The results showed that the pathetic condition of the community cannot be attributed singly to economic, cultural or social factors. In fact it seems to be a complex combination and it is difficult to separate them as cause and effect.

Key Words: Poverty, Culture of Poverty, Scheduled Caste, Role of Capital

[1] Ahluwalia, M. S, Rural poverty and agricultural performance in India, Journal of Development Studies. 14(3), 1978.
[2] Ahuja, Ram, Social problems in India, (Rawat Publications: Jaipur and New Delhi, 2003).

[3] Alkire S, Foster J, Counting and multidimensional poverty measurement, J Public Econ, 95(7), 476–487. 2010

[4] Alkire, S, Choosing dimensions: The capability approach and multidimensional poverty (Columbia Population Research Centre: New York, 2007).
[5] Atal, Yogesh,The poverty question, (Rawat Publication: Jaipur, 2002).

Abstract: Researchers have claimed that Big Five Traits are based on a biological human universal which has been authenticated from studies on people from 56 nations. However, this theory of universality of Big Five Traits have been countered by many researchers on the ground that most of the prior research have used only WEIRD (western, educated, industrialized, rich and democratic) populationoverlooking the indigenous and preliterate society. The present study addressed this gap by having samples from both WEIRD and aboriginal populations who are distinctly different in cultural ethos but at the same time share a common socio-political milieu. The study was carried out on 1200 college students including both boys and girls from urban, rural and tribal cultures. The NEO-PI-R was administered on all of them to assess their scores on neuroticism, extraversion, agreeableness, openness, and conscientiousness............

Key Words: Human Universal, WEIRD, Big Five Traits, Indigenous culture.

[1]. Allen, J., & Walsh, J. A. (2000). A construct-based approach to equivalence: Methodologies for crosscultural/ multicultural personality assessment research. In J. H. Dana (Ed.), Handbook of cross-cultural andmulticultural assessment (pp. 63-85). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.
[2]. Bouchard, T. J., &Loehlin, J. C. (2001). Genes, evolution, and personality.Behavior Genetics, 31, 243–273.
[3]. Brislin, R. W. (1993). Understanding culture's influence on behavior. New York: Harcourt Brace.
[4]. Byrne, B. M., & Campbell, T. L. (1999). Cross-cultural comparisons and the presumption of equivalent measurement and theoretical structure: A look beneath the surface. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 30, 555-574.
[5]. Cheung, F. M., & Leung, K. (1998). Indigenous personality measures: Chinese examples. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 29, 233-248.

Abstract: The study carried intended to find out the impact of parental attachment on the social emotional development of children in Mashonaland East Province. Specifically, the objectives of the study were to identify pupils' behavioural, personality, emotional and social traits due to parental attachment, establish the effects of parental attachment on the social emotional development of children and the mitigatory measures which can be taken into consideration to minimise the negative impacts. The multiple case study was used as a qualitative research design. Data was collected using open-ended questionnaires, unstructured interviews and observation guides. In this study, a sample of four (4) boarding primary school children, four (4) parents, four (4) teachers, and four (4) administrators were used. The researcher used Erik Erikson's theory. Findings revealed that parental attachment impacted on the social emotional...........

Key Words: Social development, Emotional development, Parental Attachment, Behaviour, Development

[1]. Abidin, C. (2016). Culture and the self. www.biu.ac.il/PS/docs/diesen Accessed 23/8/16.
[2]. Archer, S. L. (Ed.) (2014). Interventions for adolescent identity development (Focus Edition vol. 169). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
[3]. Babbie, E.R. (2012). The Practice of Social Research. (2nd Ed). Belmont: Wadsworth.
[4]. Bauch, P. and Goldring, E. (2015). Parent-Teacher participation in the context of school restructuring. Peabody Journal of Education 73: 15-35.
[5]. Berth, L.E. (2006). Child Development. Boston; Pearson.

Abstract: This study explored the impact of parental attachment on the performance of grade five children attending a boarding primary school in Mashonaland East Province, in Marondera. The family is the closest, most intense, most durable and influential part of the child's holistic development. The researchers were informed by Bowlby's theory of attachment. The qualitative case study design was used to determine the impact of parental attachment on academic performance of grade five learners. Data were collected using open-ended questionnaires and unstructured interviews. In this study, a sample of four (4) boarding primary school children, four (4) teachers, and four (4) administrators were used. Findings revealed that children faced multiple intellectual challenges, physical challenges, moral decadency, the issue of autonomy which was double barreled and the unmet roles of parents which greatly............

Key Words: Parent, parental attachment, academic performance, intellectual, roles.

[1]. Abidin, C. 2016. Culture and the self. www.biu.ac.il/PS/docs/diesen Accessed 23/8/16.
[2]. Alt, M. and Peter, K. 2012. Private schools: A brief Portrait. U.S. Department of Education. National Center for Education Statistics: Washington, DC.
[3]. Babbie, E.R. 2012. The Practice of Social Research. (2nd Ed). Belmont: Wadsworth.
[4]. Bauch, P. and Goldring, E. 2015. Parent-Teacher participation in the context of school restructuring. Peabody Journal of Education 73: 15-35.
[5]. Berk, L. E. 2010. Development throughout the Lifespan. Needham heights. Allyn and Boston

Abstract: This study examines Supervisors experiences on inclusive supervision of Masters research students at Luyengo Campus, University of Swaziland. It reflects on the related processes of inclusive supervision and its implications on students' success. The objectives: What are the Supervisors'experiences on the supervision of Masters' theses at Luyengo Campus?;What professional practices that could be emulated by "young" Supervisors ?. The "Block model" code of ethics was used to unpack the related concepts. 12 participants were purposively sampled from the 48 Supervisors.Semi structured interviews and documentary evidence were used to collect data. Discourse analysis was used to analyse the data. The study revealed that Masters Students' success in a thesis partly depends on Supervisors' and students' willingness to manage the research process, power relationship and co-supervision dynamics, supervision............

Key Words: Inclusive supervision, Students' supervision, Reflection, Supervisors

[1]. Atkins, S. and Murphy, K. (1993) Reflection: a review of literature, Journal of Advanced Nursing, V, 18, PP 1188-1192.
[2]. Bruce , E. and Austin, M. (2000) Social work Supervision : Assessing the past and Mapping the future; Ther clinical supervisior, Vv, 19 (2), PP 85-107.
[3]. Booth, T., Ainscow, M. and Dyson, A. (1997) "Understanding inclusion and exclusion in English competitive education system". International Journal of Inclusive Education, 1 (4), PP 337-55.
[4]. De wet C. (2001)A median discourses analysis of Racism in South African Schools. International Education Journal, V 2, (5), PP 98-110.
[5]. Eckel, R.G. and Green, M. (1996) On Change: En Route to transformation. Occasional paper, No. 1. Washington DC: American Council on Education

Abstract: This study reflects on academic achievement of 25 schools that sit for the Swaziland history Juniorexaminations 2014-2016 academic years. The objectives: examine school performances of 25 schools in the year 2014-2016 in relation to 50% pass mark; examine the school performance of 25 schools on compulsory questions; explore how the classroom teachers' practices regarding the use of sources influenced school performance. The macro/micro political theory was used. 25 schools were randomly sampled from 258. Examination scores were used as data and analysed using content analysis procedures. It was presented in tables, showing students who performed less 50% in both papers. The findings indicated that school performance was unsatisfactory because of the methods............

Key Words: Examination, Reflection, School performance.

[1]. Burrow, J.L and Farmer, E.L. (1988) Vocational Teaching Alternatives: Models for the Delivery of Vocational Teacher Education. Paper presented at the American Association Convention, (ERC Document Reproduction Service No. ED328745.
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[4]. Herman, J. (1997) Assessment New Assessments: How do they measure up? Theory into Practice, V 36 ,(4), PP 196-204.
[5]. Kieman, E.N. (2004) Observation: An underused method to collect data: Tip sheet#37, University Park: PA: Penn State Cooperative Extension

Abstract: It examines how the issue of Education for Sustainable development(ESD) can bevisibly integrated into the existing Environmental Education Association of Southern Africa (EEASA) culture and how the memberscan easily identify themselves with the philosophy of Education for Sustainable Development (ESD), in an organisation embedded with environmental identity, culture, attitudes and with environmental oriented objectives. It investigates the ways in which organisational identity and values shape the association‟s attitudes, change processes. It achieved this by looking at the historical related factors of the organisation andits resistanceto international changes such as the adoption of the post 2015 sustainable development goals (SDG 4 on education and target 4.7).Interviews, questionnaires and documentary evidence were used. It noted that dramatic changes on Sustainable Development............

Key Words: Branding, Co-branding, Education for Sustainable Development, MarketingOrganisational culture.

[1]. Aarker, D. A. (2004), "Leveraging the Corporate Brand", California Review V 46 (3) PP 6-18.
[2]. Botes, J. (2003) Conflict Transformation: A Debate over Sematics or A Crucial Shift in the Theory and Practice of peace and conflict Studies? International Journal of Peace Studies, V 8, (2), PP 1-27.
[3]. Callen, V.J (1993) Individual and Organisational Strategies for Coping with organisational change. Work and Stress, V, 7, PP 63-75.
[4]. Cameron, M (1984) Organisational Adaptation and Higher Education. Journal Of Higher Education, V 55, (2), PP 122-144.
[5]. Casson, M. (1999) The Organisational and Evaluation of the Multinational Enterprise: An Information cost Approach: Management International Review. V, 39, (1), PP 77-121.

Abstract: Acquiring English grammar is often treated as a direct translation process. Language transfer is a result of this translation. In foreign language learning, when learners fail to understand the structure of L2, they most likely resort to L1 to generate sentences in L2. Working on this assumption, this study aims to determine and account for the copula omission elicited from the speech errors of Moroccan learners of English. The analysis has been carried out within the framework of Error Analysis (EA) and Contrastive Analysis Hypothesis (CAH). This study also explores the sources of making this grammatical error and examines the linguistic environments where learners omit the copula be............

Key Words: contrastive analysis hypothesis, copula, error analysis, interlanguage, language transfer

[1]. W. Klein, Second language acquisition (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1986).
[2]. R. Ellis, Understanding second language acquisition (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1986).
[3]. C. C. Fries, Teaching and learning English as a foreign language (Ann Arbor, MI: The University of Michigan Press, 1945).
[4]. R. Lado, Linguistics across cultures (Ann Arbor, MI: University of Michigan,1957).
[5]. M. Ennaji, and F. Sadiqi, Application of modern Linguistics (Casablanca: Afrique Orient, 1994).
[6]. S. P. Corder, The significance of learner‟s errors, in J. H. Schumann, N. Stenson, New frontier in second

Abstract: In recent years and, especially since the return of democracy in 1999, the contradiction between being a ‗Nigerian citizen' and an ‗ethnic citizen' has played itself out in the frequent eruptions of intra and inter-ethnic conflicts across the country. Nigerian citizens and elites have struggled about how to design a conception of common inclusive citizenship that could override primordialist practices. Based on secondary sources, this article examined the citizenship-indigeneity contradictions in Nigeria and the legal-constitutional and political initiatives that seek to address the problem. It highlighted the debate between proponents of a constitutional review process that would grant ―indigeneship‖ rights to non-autochthonous citizens in particular communities or states and the primordialists who favour excluding non-indigenes from certain local rights and privileges. The paper concludes that the behaviour of the political elites, and particularly the lack of political will on the part of the federal government and National Assembly in tackling the problem have largely undermined efforts at building consensus on inclusive citizenship. Far reaching recommendations were made, which if implemented will help to defuse the tension of indigeneship in Nigeria.

Key Words: Inclusive citizenship, indigeneship, primodialism, political elite, constitutional amendment.

[1]. Adebanwi, W. 2013. ‗Mobilizing for change: the press and the struggle for citizenship in democratic Nigeria', in Okome M. Olufunke (ed.), Contesting the Nigerian state: Civil society and the contradictions of self-organization (New York: Palgrave MacMillan).pp79-107.
[2]. Adeniran, T. 2013. Interview with the author 20 November. (Recording in possession of the author)
[3]. Adinoyi, S. 2014. National Conference: north-central- minority rights, indigene/settler dichotomy as hot topics, Thisday, 16 March, p. 86
[4]. Ayoade, J. 1988. The federal character principle and the search for national integration, in Amuwo K.et al (eds.) Federalism and political restructuring in Nigeria, Ibadan: Spectrum Books ltd, 1998), p. 108.
[5]. Akinsanmi, G. 2015. Vote for Ambode or perish inside the Lagoon, Oba Akiolu tell Igbos, Thisday, 6 April, p. 6