IOSR-JHSS   Volume-28 ~ Issue-1 ~ January 2023

Abstract: The West Africa sub-region of Africa is currently faced with the problem of terrorism and Coups. Most of the world deadliest terror groups like the Boko-Haram, Al-Qaeda, Al-Shabab, ISIS and AQIM have settled in this region. Scholars acclaimed that the growth and spread of these terror groups are directly connected to the situation ravaging the sub-region currently which include as poverty, underdevelopment, unemployment, poor governance, and crises and conflict in the region. Each individual nations of West Africa cannot but cooperate to deal with terrorism in the sub-region because of the share sameness in political, economic, geographic, and cultural structure they possess......

Key Word: Collective Security ECOWAS; Regional terrorism; Coups; ECOMOG; Boko-Haram; Al-Qaeda, Al-Shabab; ISIS; AQIM; Peace- buildin

[1]. Abass, A.(2004). Regional organizations and the development of collective security beyond chapter VIII of the UN Charter, New York: Hart Publishing
[2]. Afolabi, B.T. (2009). Peacekeeping in the ECOWAS Region: Challenges and Prospects in Conflict Trends. Durban: ACCORD.
[3]. African Centre for the Study and Research on Terrorism. (2011). Plan of Action of the African Union High-level Inter-Governmental Meeting on the Prevention and Combating of Terrorism in Africa, Algiers, Algeria. Retrieved from http://www.caert.org.dz/official-documents/plan_action_en.pdf
[4]. Aning, K. & Bah S.A. (2009). ECOWAS and conflict prevention in West Africa: Confronting the triple threats. New York: Center on International Cooperation.
[5]. Bolaji, K.A. (2010). Preventing terrorism in West Africa: Good governance or collective security? Journal of Sustainable Development in Africa, 12(1), 207–222.

Abstract: The research objective is to analyze political parties as legal entities that can be qualified as legal subjects that can be held accountable for money laundering crimes; (2) formulate and analyze the ideal concept of political party criminal responsibility in money laundering crimes. This study uses primary data concerning statutory regulations. The results of this study indicate that: (1) political parties can be qualified as corporations with the juridical justification that political parties are legal entities, where this can be examined from various criminal law rules relating to the existence of political parties and........

Keywords: Criminal Liability; Political parties; Money laundering

[1]. Azhary, V. H. (2019). Nepotism and Gratification as Cultural Elements in Political Corruption and Bureaucracy in Indonesia.Scientific National Symposium & Unindra Call for Paper (Simponi), 1(1), 754-762.
[2]. Gandhung Wahyu, F. N., Wahyu, F. N., & Supriyanto, J. (2014). The Urgency of Combating Money Laundering Crimes in Corruption Cases.RECURRENT, 3(3), 248-258.
[3]. Transparency International Indonesia, Global Corruption Barometer Asia – Indonesia 2020, hlm. 10
[4]. https://www.kpk.go.id/id/statistik/penindakan/tpk-berdasarkan-profesi-jabatan accessed on April 1, 2021
[5]. http://www.hukumonline.com/berita/baca/lt5329627e98607/pukat accessed on April 1, 2021

Abstract: The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic is being felt in all sectors of the world. This has taken a toll on the education sector in India and the world. He introduced a global quarantine that had a very bad impact on students' lives. About 32 million students have stopped to go to schools/universities and all educational activities in India have been suspended. The COVID-19 outbreak has shown us that change is inevitable. This acted as a catalyst for the growth of educational institutions and the selection of platforms and methods that were not previously used. The education sector has struggled to survive the crisis by taking a different approach and digitizing the problem to wash away the threat of the pandemic. This document highlights several actions taken by the government. India offers seamless education in the country.

Keywords: COVID-19, Teaching &Learning, Educational Crisis, Challenges & Opportunities

[1]. https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019
[2]. https://www.un.org/en/coronavirus/covid-19-faqs
[3]. https://en.unesco.org/covid19/educationresponse
[4]. https://www.worldbank.org/en/topic/edutech/brief/edtech-covid-19
[5]. https://government.economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/education/covid-19-pandemic-impact-and-strategies-for-education-sector-in-india/75173099

Abstract: Background: It is estimated that in 2021, 1.5 to 2 million people became newly infected with HIV worldwide. About 920,000 live with the virus in Brazil.Objective:Analyze the detection of HIV cases in the state of Ceará from 2017 to 2021. Materials and Methods: Cross-sectional epidemiological study on HIV cases detected in people aged 13 years or older in the state of Ceará, Brazil, from 2017 to 2021.The study was conducted with data collected in the Information System for Notifiable Diseases of the Ministry of Health of Brazil throughthe Integration of Information of the Health Department of the State of Ceará (IntegraSUS). Data were analyzed with the aid of BioEstat 5.3 software........

Key Word:Epidemiology; HIV; Sexually Transmitted Infections

[1]. WHO. Word Health Organization. Global health sector strategies on, respectively, HIV, viral hepatitis and sexually transmitted infections for the period 2022-2030. Geneva. 2022.
[2]. Brasil. Ministério da Saúde. Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde. Protocolo Clínico e Diretrizes Terapêuticas para Atenção Integral às Pessoas com Infecções Sexualmente Transmissíveis - IST. Brasília. 2022.
[3]. Brasil.Ministério da Saúde. Aids/HIV [Internet]. 2020 [Accessed em 14 August. 2022]. Available: https://www.gov.br/saude/pt-br/assuntos/saude-de-a-a-z/h/aids-hiv-1.
[4]. WHO. Word Health Organization. HIV [Internet]. Geneva. 2022 [Accessed em 17 August 2022]. Avail-able: https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/hiv-aids.
[5]. Laurindo-Teodorescu L; Teixeira, PB. A sociedade civil se organiza pela luta contra a aids. In: Histórias da aids no Brasil. 2015; 1-360

Abstract: This work examined the "Barriers to effective community policing for public security in Imo State, Nigeria, because the level of insecurity of lives and property is increasing in recent times. This raging scourge threatens the nation‟s socioeconomic progress and therefore undermines the very fabric of Nigerian society. Community policing is one of the strategies adopted by the Nigerian government to address this ugly menace. It is regarded as an effective strategy for controlling crime. However, in recent times achieving this goal seems to be difficult as Nigeria, particularly Imo State, experiences rising cases of insecurity. Given the increasing level of insecurity in different parts of Nigeria, one wonders........

Key Word:Community policing, Barriers, Public Security, Rural Community, Imo State

[1]. Aboh, A. B., and Ogunkayode S. J. (2021) The challenges of community policing and internal security architecture in Nigeria: an explanatory discourse https://www.researchgate.net/publication/307875603_An_overview_of_Community_Policing_in_Nigeria
[2]. Ayisire, E. (2017). "The Imperative of Community Policing and Security in Nigeria". The Guardian. http://guardian.ng/features/the-inperative-of-community-policing-and-security-in-nigeria/ Accessed 25/07/17.
[3]. Bureau of Justice and Assistance (BJA) (1994). Understanding Community Policing: Monograph. Available at www.ncjrs.gov. Accessed 26 July, 2017
[4]. Dominique W., and Ihekwoaba, D.O., (2008). "Community Policing in Comparison" Police Quarterly Vol.11 No. 4. Available at http//pqx.sage.pub.com/cg/content pp 427-446.
[5]. Ekpechu & Arua (2021) Ferreira, B.R., (1996). "The use and effectiveness of community policing in a democracy". National Criminal Justice Reference Service, Washington, D.C. Available at www.ncjrs.gov. Accessed 20 July, 2017

Abstract: Social services are a large, rich, diverse field of activity, which exist and develop objectively and are associated with the social process.There are currently many different concepts of the definition of the term services in general and social services in particular. Social services have emerged very early in the world and flourished in industrialized countries to meet the needs of society in the industrialization process. Over the past 100 years of its creation and development, the sector has played an increasingly important role in providing social services in the developed world. The position of social workers, as well as social workers in developed societies is very important to the community, society, families and individuals..

Key Word: Social Worker; Social Services, industrialization process

[1]. Delegate Work Department - National Assembly Standing Committee (2014), Overview of Social Services (ttbd.gov.vn), Training Center for Elected Deputies, Hanoi.
[2]. Ministry of Justice (2010), Law on the Elderly, Judiciary Publishing House, Hanoi.
[3]. Bui The Cuong, Dang Thi Viet Phuong, Trinh Huy Hoa (Group of Translators) (2012), Oxford Sociological Dictionary, Hanoi National University Publishing House.
[4]. Dang Kim Chung and research team (2015), Assessing the need for social work services, developing social work, developing a plan to establish a model and service delivery system from the central government. to the community, Research project at grassroots level - Institute of Labor and Social Sciences.
[5]. Hoang Trieu Hoa (2015), Policy to support the poor to access basic social services in Vietnam, Vietnam Journal of Social Sciences, No. 8 (93) - 2015.