iosr-Jm   Volume-13 ~ Issue-1 ~ Jan-Feb 2017

Abstract: Review works Solar System Effects in Schwarzschild de-Space Time. The Schwarzschild space-time describes the gravitational field of a spherically symmetric mass. Based on this space-time we calculate Solar system effects like gravitational redshift, light deflection, gravitational time delay, perihelion shift, geodetic precession.

Keywords: Schwarzschild Space-time, gravitational redshift, light deflection, gravitational time delay, perihelion shift, geodetic precession.

[1]. Valeria Kagramanova , Jutta Kunz , Claus Lämmerzahl, Solar System Effects in Schwarzschild de-Space-Time, Institute of Nuclear Physics and Ulugh Beg Astronomical Institute, Astronomicheskaya 33, Tashkent 700052, Uzbekistan. Institut für Physik, Universität Oldenburg, Postfach 2503, D-26111 Oldenburg, Germany, ZARM, Universität Bremen, Am Fallturm, D-28359 Bremen, Germany, February 7, 2008.
[2]. C.M.Will. Theory and Experiment gravitational Physics(Revised) Cambridge University Press, Cambridge,1993.
[3]. C.M.Will. The Confrontation between General Relativity and Experiment. Living Rev. Relativity, 2001,ww. Livingreviews.org/Irr-2001-4
[4]. J.D. Anderson, P.A. Laing, E.L. Lau, A.S. Liu, M.M. Nieto, and S.G. Turyshev. Study of the anomalous acceleration of Pioneer 10 and 11. Phys. Rev., D 65:082004, 2002.
[5]. P.J.E. Peebles and B. Ratra. The cosmological constant and dark energy. Rev. Mod. Phys., 75:559, 2003.

Abstract: Temperature change plays a crucial role in global change sciences. In the past several decades, comprehensive findings have been achieved on temperature change in China for the past 100 years. Several time series have been created to illustrate the averaged surface air temperature for the country. The correlations of these series range from 0.73 to 0.97. It is also achieved in better data quality, wider spatial data coverage, improved homogeneity of time series, and enhanced reliability of findings. The results show an annual mean temperature increase by 0.78±0.27°C per 100 years in China...........

Keywords: Climatic change Equilibrium Fagus Late-Quaternary Palynology Picea Quebec

[1]. Bank AD (2004) Country Environmental Analysis Bangladesh. 3rd draft, pp 17
[2]. Chan KL (2006) Climate issues in Hong Kong: Mitigation and Adaptation. pp 4
[3]. Chowdhury MHK, Debsharma SK (1992) Climate change in Bangladesh – A statistical review. Report on IOC-UNEP workshop on impacts of sea level rise due to global warming, NOAMI, held during 16-19 November 1992, Bangladesh.
[4]. BMD Bangladesh
[5]. Divya, Mehrotra R (1995) Climate Change and hydrology with emphasis on the Indian subcontinent. J Hydro Sciences 40, pp 231-241

Abstract: Inventory modeling is a very important part of Operations Research, which may be used in day to day in real life. To make it applicable in real life situation, researchers are engaged in developing the newer models on different parameters under various circumstances. In water resources management, inventories play an important role. An attempt has been made in this paper to review the inventory models for decision making in water control management in different parameters such as communication cost, unit cost, reservoir protection costs etc.

Keywords: Inventory Models, Reservoir, Water resources management, Wetland, sonbeel.

[1]. Daniel P. Loucks .et .al (2005).WATER RESOURCES SYSTEMS PLANNING AND MANAGEMENT – ISBN 92-3-103998-9- © UNESCO.
[2]. Haurie, A. and Moresino, F, (2000.) A stochastic programming approach to manufacturing flow control. IIE Transactions,32, 907–920.
[3]. Hooper, B. P. (2005). Integrated River Basin Governance: Learning from International Experience. IWA Publishing, London, United Kingdom.
[4]. Huang, G.H.( 1998). A hybrid inexact-stochastic water management model. European Journal of Operational Research, 107, 137–158.
[5]. Jaetzold, R., Schmidt, H., Hornetz, B. and Shisanya, C. (2007) ―Part C East Kenya, Subpart C1 Eastern Province‖. In Ministry of Agriculture and GTZ (eds.), Farm Management Handbooks of Kenya, Vol. II: Natural Conditions and Farm Management Information. Nairobi, 571 pp.

Abstract: Among the various inventory systems, the stations in series is an interesting one. There may be a number of nodes in between the starting point or node and the end point or final node. The production process starts at the first node and the finished products are at the last node. The output of the previous node happens to be the input for the next. Using this concept a model with two machines M1 and M2 in series are considered and there is an inventory of semi finished products in order to keep uninterrupted supply to the machine at the end point. This is due to possibility of breakdown of the machine at the first node.........

Keywords: Optimal reserve, Semi finished products, Machines in series, First order statistic

[1]. Hannsmaan (1962). Operations Research in Production and Inventory Control, John Wiley and Sons, Inc. New York.
[2]. Ramachandran and Sathiyamoorthi (1981). Optimal Reserve for two machines, IEEE Trans on Reliability, Vol. R-30, No. 4, p. 397.
[3]. Rajagopal and Sathiyamoorthi (2003). An Extension of the Optimal Reserve Inventory ----- between Machines Model – Proceeding
of the Second National Conference on Mathematical and Computational Models – PSG College of Engg., Dec. 11 – 12.
[4]. Srinivasan, Sulaiman and Sathiyamoorthi (2007). Optimal Reserve Inventory Between two machines under SCBZ Property of
Interarrival Times between Breakdowns, Ultra Science, Vol. 9 (2) M, pp. 261 – 266.

Abstract: In the present paper, we used a SEIR model developed by Astacio, et al., (1996) for the 2014 outbreak of Ebola in Guinea, Liberia, and Sierra Leone. The data we have used for this outbreak is obtained from the Center for Disease Control (CDC: https://www.cdc.gov). We estimated the per capita growth rate of the disease and then, 𝛽 and 𝑅0 are calculated for each of these countries. The estimates of the initial rate of growth r for the Guinea, Liberia, and Sierra Leone for the 2014 outbreak (25-3-2014 to 30-3-2016) are 0.042 per week, 0.105 per week and 0.072 per week respectively. We have carried out analysis of the optimal level of effort to control the spread of ebola considering two control measures such as, vaccinating susceptible (𝑢1) and quarantine of the symptomatic infective individuals (𝑢2). Numerical illustration of the model is given for Guinea, Liberia, and Sierra Leone.

[1]. Adapted by CRS from the Centers of Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) at http://www.cdc.gov/vhf/ebola/resources/distribution-map-guinea-outbreak.html
[2]. Astacio, J., Briere, D., Guillen, M., Martinez, J., Rodriguez, F. and Valenzuela-Campos, N. Mathematical models to study the outbreaks of Ebola. Research Report, 1996.
[3]. Breman, J.G., Piot, P., Johnson, K.M., et al., 1977. The epidemiology of Ebola hemorrhagic fever in Zaire, 1976.Proceedings of the International Colloquium on Ebola Virus Infections held in Antwerp, Belgium, 6–8 December 1977.
[4]. Chowell, G., Hengartnerb, N.W., Castillo-Chavez , C., Fenimorea, P.W. and Hymanc, J.M. (2005a) The basic reproductive number of Ebola and the effects of public health measures: the cases of Congo and Uganda, Journal of Theoretical Biology
[5]. Chowell, G., Castillo-Chavez, C., Fenimore, P.W., et al., (2004b). Implications of an uncertainty and sensitivity analysis for SARS's basic reproductive number for general public health measures, Emerging Infectious Diseases.

Abstract: Spline Smoothing is a popular method of estimating the functions in a non-parametric regression model, its performance depends on the choice of smoothing parameter. The two most important methods for choosing the spline smoothing parameter are the Generalized Cross-Validation (GCV) and Generalized Maximum Likelihood (GML). A Monte Carlo Method using a program written in R, evaluated these two estimators to compare their performance. The Monte Carlo experiment was designed to see if the asymptotic results in the smooth case were evident in small, medium, and large sample sizes, the Mean Square error (MSE) criterion was used for the comparisonne................

Keywords: Nonparametric regression, Smoothing spline, Smoothing parameter, Selection criteria, Generalized cross validation, Generalized Maximum Likehood, Mean bias, Mean square error.

[1]. Diggle, P.J. and Hutchinson, M.F. (1989). On spline smoothing with autocorrelated errors, Australian Journal of Statistics, 31: 166 –182.
[2]. Eubank, R. L. (1988). Spline Smoothing and Nonparametric Regression, New York: Marcel, Dekker, Inc., New York , Basel.
[3]. Green, P.J. and Silverman, B.W. (1994). Nonparametric regression and generalized linear Models, A roughness penalty approach. Chapman & Hall, London.
[4]. Hart, J.D. (1986). Kernel Regression estimation using repeated measurement data, Journal of American Statistical Association, 81(396):1080 – 1088.
[5]. Hastie, T. and Tibshirani, R. (1990). Generalized Additive Models, Chapman and Hall. London.

Abstract: The aim of this paper is to derive a double integrals involving generalized H–function of two variablese.

[1]. Gupta, Rajni: A Study of Generalized Fractional Operator and Multivariable Special Functions with Applications, Ph. D. thesis, Univ. of Rajsthan, India, 1988.
[2]. Rathie, N.: Integrals involving H-function, Vijnana Parishad Anusandhan Patrika, 22 (1979), 253 - 258.
[3]. Shrivastava, H. M.: A contour integral involving Fox's H-function, Indian J. Math. 14 (1972), 1 - 6.
[4]. Srivastava, H. S. P.: H-function of two variables I, Indore Univ., Res. J Sci. 5(1-2), p.87-93, (1978).

Abstract: The distribution of homogeneous goods in classical transportation problem is based on only per unit transportation cost. Usually, the decision of transporting homogeneous goods is not only based on transportation cost but also depends on many factors such as order size, total shipment-cost, profit, distance, man-power, etc. These factors are treated as inputs and outputs variables for each shipment link. Hence, the transportation problem with multiple inputs and outputs per shipment link is considered as Extended Transportation Problem. In the transportation problem, the distribution depends on the demand and the availability of homogeneous goods...............

Keywords: Transportation problem; extended transportation problem; extended stochastic transportation problem; decision making units; data envelopment analysis; relative efficiency

[1]. Abdul Quddoos, Md GulzarHasan and Mohammad Masood Khalid.(2014) 'Multi-choice stochastic transportation problem
involving general form of distributions' Springer Plus,Vol.No.3:565.
[2]. Alireza Amirteimoori(2012) 'An extended transportation problem: a DEA-based approach' Central European Journal of Operations
research,Vol.19(5):513-521.
[3]. Banker R.D.,Charnes A. and Cooper W.W.(1984) 'Some methods for estimating technical and scale inefficiencies in data
envelopment analysis' Management Science,Vol.No.30(9): 1078-1092.
[4]. Biswal M.P.and Samat H.K.(2013) 'Stochastic transportation problem with Cauchy random variables and multi-choice parameters'
Journal of physical sciences,Vol.No.17:117-130.
[5]. Charnes A. and Cooper W.W.(1962) 'Programming with linear fractional functions' Naval research logistic
quarterly,Vol.No.9:181-186.

Abstract: Mathematical communication in solving mathematical problems is necessary, based on observations of the tasks to students, there are still many who have not been able to communicate in solving problems. The purpose of writing this study was to analyze the students' ability in mathematical communication resolve algebra problems. The sample was a student of mathematics education FKIP Pancasakti University (UPS) Tegal from various secondary schools such as SMA / MA with various departments and SMK with various skills. The method used is a qualitative research with descriptive analysis...............

Keywords: Mathematical communication, problem solving, thinking algebra

[1]. Sugiyono, 2016. Research Methods Combined (Mixed Methods). Bandung: Alfabeta
[2]. Sugilar and Dada. 2011. Mathematics Education Research Methods. Jakarta: The Open University
[3]. Rahmawati, Fitriana. 2013, Influence of Realistic Mathematics Education approach dalamMeningkatkan Mathematical Communication Ability Elementary School Students. Semarang: Journal of the seminar, State University of Lampung (Download dated 29 November 2013
[4]. Lian, Lim Hooi and Yew, Wun Thiam. Developing Pre-algebraic Thinking in generalizing Repeating Pattern Using SOLO Model
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