iosr-JMCE   Volume-14 ~ Issue-1 ~ Jan-Feb 2017

Abstract: Construction projects are unique in nature, having their own difficulties, uncertainties and risks, posing never-ending questions concerning the resources and costs. There is always a conflict between 'how much it will cost?' and 'where to raise the finances from?'. The success of a project depends upon the efficiency with which the project management gets the work done by utilizing the planned resources of men, materials, machinery, money and time.. In large scale projects, preparing an accurate and workable plan is very difficult. Resources are required to carry out specific tasks in a project, but the availability of resources within a given firm is always limited. While preparing the schedule structure, the Project Manager might schedule certain tasks in parallel..............

Keywords: Critical Path Method, Primavera, Resource Balancing, Smoothing, Leveling.

[1]. A Guide to the Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK Guide). (2013). PMI.
[2]. B. S. K. Reddy, SK. Nagaraju and MD. Salman (2015) 'A Study on Optimization of Resources for Multiple Projects by using Primavera', Journal of Engineering Science and Technology Vol. 10, No. 2 PP. 235 – 248 © School of Engineering, Taylor's University
[3]. ELIYAHU M. GOLDRATT (1990) 'What is this thing called theory of constraints and how should it be implemented?' North River Press, Croton-on-Hudson, N.Y.
[4]. Anuj Dubey (2015) 'Resource Levelling for a Construction Project', IOSR Journal of Mechanical and Civil Engineering (IOSR-JMCE) e- ISSN: 2278-1684, p-ISSN: 2320-334X, Volume 12, Issue 4 Ver. IV (Jul. - Aug. 2015), PP.05-11, www.iosrjournals.org
[5]. Archibald, R. D. and Villoria, R. L. (1966) 'Network-based management systems (PERT/CPM)', Wiley, New York.

Abstract: Multi-story steel buildings of various heights under the action of earthquake force are analyzed by using time-history analysis technique. The ground motion records of El Centro, California in 1940 are considered in this study. Different types of stiffening systems (bracing and shear walls) are used for the considered buildings. The main objective of this study is to evaluate the response of steel structures subjected to earthquake excitation and to investigate the effect of various stiffening systems in improving the response of these buildings. The finite element method of SAP 2000 V17program is used in the analysis...............

Keywords: Earthquake Force, Seismic Load, Bracing, Shear Wall, Time-History, stiffening, Steel Buildingsand Free Vibration.

[1] Elnashai, A. S. and Sarno, L. D., Fundamentals of Earthquake Engineering, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, United Kingdom, ISBN:978-0-470-02483-6 (Hbk), 1st edition, (2008)
[2] Taranath, B. S., Wind and Earthquake Resistant Buildings, Structural Analysis and Design, Marcel Dekker, ISBN:0-8247-5934-6, (2005)
[3] Khalaf, M. A., ‛‛Simulation of Iraqi Earthquakes and Response of Framed Buildings Using Time and Frequency Domain Analyses". Ph.D. Thesis, the College of Engineering of the University of Al-Basrah, September (2014)
[4] Pundkar, R. S. and Alandkar, P. M., " Influence of Steel Plate Shear Wall on Multistorey Steel Building ", International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA), Vol. 3, No. 4, pp. 1940-1945, (2013)
[5] Indian Standard Code, IS 1893-1 (2002): Criteria for Earthquake Resistant Design of Structures, Part 1: General Provisions and Buildings

Abstract: In this paper a new approach for Artificial Neural Networking using Feed Forward Back Propagation Method andLevenberg-Marquardt backpropagation training functionhas been developed using Java Programming, where by directly feeding the RMS and Phase values of vibration, the unbalance plane can be detected with minimum error. In a Machine Fault Simulator RMS value and phase values of vibrations are collected from the four accelerometers placed in X and Y direction of Left and Right Bearings .Further these dataare fed into the neural network for training purpose............

Keywords: Condition monitoring, Rotating Equipment, Vibration Analysis, Artificial Neural Networking, MATLAB

[1]. Yazhao Qiu, Singiresu S. Rao ,A fuzzy approach for the analysis of unbalanced nonlinear rotor systems , Journal of Sound and Vibration 284 (2005) 299–323.
[2]. Jiangping Wang, Hongtao Hu, Vibration-based fault diagnosis of pump using fuzzy technique, Measurement 39 (2006) 176–185.
[3]. Javier Sanz, Ricardo Perer, Consuelo Huert,Fault diagnosis of rotating machinery based on auto-associative neural networks and wavelet transforms,Journal of Sound and Vibration 302, (2007) 981–999.
[4]. Yaguo Lei , Zhengji He, YanyangZi, Qiao Hu , Fault diagnosis of rotating machinery based on multiple ANFIS combination with GAs, Mechanical Systems and Signal Processing 21 (2007) 2280–2294
[5]. Yaguo Lei , Zhengjia He , Yanyang Z,A new approach to intelligent fault diagnosis of rotating machinery,Expert Systems with Applications 35 (2008) 1593–1600

Abstract: The growing conscience for sustainability has driven humanity to attempt to go back to basic and natural materials, such as the use of earth, and the incorporation of biopolymers and fibers, producing, among other things, a diverse kind of structural elements applied to architecture. Natural fibers can be a good alternative given its abundance and the great number of possibilities in regard to its use. The lechuguilla agave Torrey is a plant, belonging to the Agavaceae family, that can be found in several zones of Mexico, and from it, the fiber known as ixtle, generally used in the elaboration of crafted structures, can be obtained.............

Keywords: Ixtle, mechanical analysis, natural fibers.

[1] Afroughsabet, V., Biolzi, L., &Ozbakkaloglu, T. (2016). High-performance fiber-reinforced concrete: a review. Journal of Materials Science, 51(14), 6517-6551.
[2] Aguilar, R., Nakamatsu, J., Ramírez, E., Elgegren, M., Ayarza, J., Kim, S., ...& Ortega-San-Martin, L. (2016). The potential use of chitosan as a biopolymer additive for enhanced mechanical properties and water resistance of earthen construction. Construction and Building Materials, 114, 625-637.
[3] Albuja, V., &Pani, N. (2015). Paneles de bahareque prefabricado y aplicación a una vivienda.
[4] Anjorin, M., Toukourou, C. A., Houngan, A. C., Awanto, C., &Madougou, L. Characterization of Stabilized Earth Blocks with Incorporation of Cement Expanded Polystyrene for Use in Buildings.
[5] Aymerich, F., Fenu, L., Francesconi, L., &Meloni, P. (2016). Fracture behaviour of a fibre reinforced earthen material under static and impact flexural loading. Construction and Building Materials, 109, 109-119.

Abstract: Submarine pipelines used in the transportation of hydrocarbon in the oil and gas industry are usually subjected to external hydrostatic pressure and compressive stresses resulting in susceptibility to buckling and loss of structural stability. The objective of the present work was to examine influence of wall thickness on eigenvalue buckling load and hydrostatic pressure on ocean depth. Linear buckling analysis was conducted employing finite element method using ANSYS software package and the simulation was conducted varying wall thickness and ocean depth............

Keywords: Buckling, external hydrostatic pressure, pipelines, wall thickness

[1]. M. Mohitpour, H. Goshan, and A. Murray, Pipeline design and construction- A Practical Approach, (ASME Press, New York,
2000)
[2]. M. D. Carr, D.A.S. Bruton and D. Leslie, Lateral Buckling And Pipeline Walking, A Challenge For Hot Pipeline, Offshore Pipeline
Technology Conference, Amsterdam, 2003.
[3]. J. T. McDaniel, J.T. McDaniel official website, 2011, [Accessed 15th December, 2016].
[4]. A. M. Reda and G. L. Forbes, Investigation into The Dynamic Effects of Lateral Buckling of High Temperature/High Pressure
Offshore Pipeline, Review of Acoustic Proceeding, Paper number 83, 2012, Australian Acoustical Society.
[5]. Von Mises, Der Kritische Aussendruck Fur Allseits Belastete Zylindrische Rohre, Report No.366, 1936,Washington D.C.USA

Abstract: In this study, forced convection heat transfer of nanoliquids is done using both single-phase and mixture-phase models and the results are compared with experimental results. The governing equations of the study here are discretized using the finite volume method. Hybrid differencing scheme is used to calculate the face values of the control volumes. A code is written using SIMPLER algorithm and then solved using the MATLAB engine. The mixture-phase model studied here, considers two slip mechanisms between nanoparticle and base-fluid, namely Brownian diffusion and thermophoresis..............

Keywords: Nanofluid, single-phase, mixture-phase, convective heat transfer, shear stress, nanoparticle volume fraction.

[1]. Maxwell, J.C., A Treatise on Electricity and Magnetism, second ed., pp. 435-441, Oxford University Press, Cambridge, 1904
[2]. Jeffrey, D.J., Conduction through a random suspension of spheres, Proceedings of the Royal Society of London, Series A 335, pp.
355–367 (1973).
[3]. Xuan, Y., and Li, Q., Heat transfer enhancement of nanofuids,Int. J. Heat Fluid Fl., vol. 21, pp. 58-64, 2000.
[4]. Boothroyd, R.G., and Haque, H., Fully developed heat transfer to a gaseous suspension of particles flowing turbulently in duct of
different size, J. Mech. Eng. Sci., vol. 12 (3), pp. 191–200, 1970.
[5]. Sohn, C.W., and Chen, M.M., Microconvective thermal conductivity in disperse two-phase mixtures as observed in a low
velocity couette flow experiment, J. Heat Transfer, vol. 103, pp. 45–51, 1981.

Abstract: In this paper main focus is given on alternative ways of thermal load applied through the thickness of laminated composite plate. Research has assumed gradient or constant thermal profile along the thickness of the plate. Laminated composite is a complex material therefore assumed loading profiles may not obey the gradient or constant thermal profile path therefore, as a research in all total 10 thermal profiles are studied. The results in tabular and graphical forms are presented along with discussion. First Order Shear Deformation Theory (FOST) is used for analysis...............

Keywords: Composite, Transverse, Shear, Deformation, Thermal

[1]. E. Reissner, The Effect of Transverse Shear Deformation on the Bending of Elastic Plates, ASME J. Applied Mechanics, vol. 12, pp. 69–77, 1945.
[2]. R. D. Mindlin, Influence of Rotatory Inertia and Shear Deformation on Flexural Motions of Isotropic Elastic Plates, ASME J.
Applied Mechanics, vol. 18, pp. 31–38, 1951.
[3]. N. J Pagano, Exact Solution for Composite Laminated in Cylindrical Bending, Journal of Composite Materials, vol. 3, pp. 398-411,
1969.
[4]. T. Kant and R. K. Khare, Finite Element Thermal Stress Analysis of Composite Laminates Using A Higher-order Theory, J.
Thermal Stresses, vol. 17, pp. 229–255, 1994.
[5]. V. B. Tungikar and K. M. Rao, Three-Dimensional Exact Solution of Thermal Stresses in Rectangular Composite Laminate,
Composite Structures, vol. 27, pp. 419–430, 1994.

Abstract: Electrochemical machining (ECM) is a non-traditional machining method based on principle of reverse electroplating (anode loses metal to cathode). ECM uses principal of electrolysis to remove metal from the work piece. Due to improper tool design of complicated shapes, there are chances of passivation and boiling of electrolyte in ECM process that causes poor machining. In this present study three dimensional flow pattern of ECM process has been simulated using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) in L-shaped tool models. This work is for optimizing the design of L-shaped tool and to study the flow pattern, current density distribution..............

Keywords: CFD, ECM, flow pattern; IE, MRR, passivation, temperature profile, velocity profile.

[1] Tsuboi, R. and Yamamoto, M. (2009) Modeling and applications of electrochemical machining process. Proceedings of the ASME International Mechanical Engineering Congress & Exposition IMECE, November 13-19, Lake Buena Vista, Florida, USA.
[2] Anamika Mishra, D. B. Jadhav, P. V. Jadhav; CFD Analysis of Electrolyte Flow Pattern in Pulse Electrochemical Machining, International Journal of Engineering Innovation & Research, Volume 3, Issue 3, ISSN: 2277 – 5668
[3] Bilgi, D.S., Kumar, R., Jain, V.K. and Shekhar, R. (2008) Predicting radial overcut in deep holes drilled by shaped tube electrochemical machining. International journal of advanced manufacturing technology, Vol. 39, pp. 47-54.
[4] Neto, J., Silva, E. and Silva, M. (2006) Intervening variables in electrochemical machining. Journal of Materials Processing Technology, Vol. 289, pp. 92-96.
[5] Mukherjee, S.K., Kumar, S., Srivastava, P.K. and Kumar, A. (2008) Effect of valency on material removal rate in electrochemical machining of aluminium. Journal of materials processing technology, Vol. 202, pp. 398-401.

Abstract: Refrigerant R134a base systems has higher GWP value that's why the conversion of same into eco-friendly system is the major concern for refrigeration industry. This investigation focuses on mixture ratio of pure hydrocarbon R290 and R600a used in 200 liter domestic refrigeration system by certain changes in mass ratio of refrigerants. In the present work, first of all the effect of mass ratio of HCM refrigerants on the performance of the system was investigated. HCM of R600a/R290 (60/40 by wt. %) gave better performance than that of HCM R600a/R290 (70/30 by wt. %), R600a/R290 (50/50 by wt. %) and R134a...............

Keywords: Refrigerant, R134a, Pull down, COP, R600a/R290, HCM.

[1]. Roy J. Dossat, Principles of refrigeration, 4th edition. Pearson education (Singapore) Pte. Ltd.,2003, New Delhi.
Manohar Prasad, Refrigeration and air conditioning, 2nd edition. New Age International publishers, 2010, New Delhi. [2]. E. Halimic, D. Ross, B. Agnew, A. Anderson, and I. Potts, A comparison of the operating performance of alternative refrigerants. Applied Thermal Engineering 23 (12) (2003), 1441-1451.
[3]. M. Mohanraj. S. Jayaraj, C. Muraleedharan, Environment friendly alternatives to halogenated refrigerants- a review, Int. Journal Greenhouse Gas Control 3 (2009), 108-119.
[4]. M. Mohanraj. C. Muraleedharan, S Jayaraj, A review on recent developments in new refrigerant mixtures for vapor compression based refrigeration air conditioning and heat pump units Int. J Energy. Res 35 (8) (2011), 647-669.
[5]. Kyoto protocol, United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, United Nations, New York, USA, 1997.

Abstract: In this review, the effect of laser peening process with and without protective coating is discussed over the different material and it is observed that the residual stress are induced in material surface up to some depth according to process parameters of LSP. Fatigue strength and micro-hardness of material are enhance by inducing residual stresses which further depends on process parameters and material properties.

Keywords: Laser peening proces , different material, process parameters

[1]. Chang Ye a , Sergey Suslov a , Dong Lin a & Gary J. Cheng a Deformation-induced martensite and nanotwins by cryogenic laser shock peening of AISI 304 stainless steel and the effects on mechanical properties
[2]. P. Ganesh, R. Sundar, Harish Kumar, Rakesh Kaul , K. Ranganathan, P. Hedaoo, PragyaTiwari,etal., Studies onlaserpeeningofspringsteelforau to motive applications, Opt.LasersEng.50(5)(2012)678–686.
[3]. Y. Zhang et al., Laser shock processing of FCC metals, Springer Series in Ma- terials Science, 179, DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-35674-2_2.
[4]. Hong, X.; Wang, S.; Guo, D.; Wu, H.; Wang, J.; Dai, Y.; Xia, X.; Xie, Y. Confining medium and absorptive overlay: Their effects on a laser-induced shock wave. Opt. Lasers Eng. 1998, 29, 447–455.
[5]. Y.Sano, M.Mukai, K.Okazaki and M.Obata. Nuclear Instrument and Methods in Physics Research B, 1997;121:432-436.