iosr-JMCE   Volume-14 ~ Issue-2 ~ Mar-Apr 2017

Abstract: A series of experiments were done to find the effect of the cutting parameters on the surface roughness in a turning operation since 1975. To obtain the prediction equation of the surface roughness, 81 experiments were carried out at three levels for each independent variable to develop a second-order model. Taguchi method was used for the execution of the plan of experiments, for three factors at three levels.The contribution order of the cutting parameters for surface roughness is feed rate, then depth of cut, and then cutting speed. The cutting speed and workpiece diameter had greater influence on roughness. Regression analysis is considered to be one of the most important data mining techniques............

Keywords: Turning operations, Cutting parameters, Taguchi method, Regression analysis, Data mining techniques.

[1]. M. Hasegawa, A. Seireg and R. A. Lindberg (1975):Effect of the cutting parameters on the surface roughness in a turning operation.
[2]. Beauchamp & co-workers (1996): The surface roughness and tool vibration data during turning of mild steel at different levels.
[3]. Yang et al. (1998): Taguchi method to optimize the turning operation of S45C steel bars using tungsten carbide cutting tool.
[4]. John et al. (2001): Systematic procedure of using Taguchi parameter design in processcontrol in order to identify the optimum surface roughness.
[5]. J. Paulo Damin (2001): Correlation between cutting conditions and the roughness evaluating parameters.

Abstract: The living planet earth has encountered global warming due to various issues. One of the main reasons is construction industries since the foremost component of concrete is cement, which has its own environmental problems. The cement industry is one of the prime producers of carbon-di-oxide. It is estimated that about 7% of greenhouse i.e. Carbon-di-oxide gas is being emitted into atmosphere on account of production of OPC alone at global level. On other hand disposal of solid waste is a major problem. Coal power plants produce solid waste called fly ash whose disposal is difficult. Therefore urgent changes are required relating to emissions, production and application of sustainable and eco-friendly materials...........

Keywords: Abrasive strength, Flexural strength, Geopolymer, Paver block, , Split tensile strength

[1] Ling, T. C., Nor, H. M., Hainin, M. R., and Lim, S. K., "Long Term Strength of Rubberized Concrete Paving Blocks", ICE- Construction Materials Conference, 2010,19-26.
[2] Aaron Darius Vaz., Donal Nixon D'Souza., NoothanKaliveer.,Satish, K. T., Amar, S. M., "Geopolymer Paver Blocks" ,International Conference on Advances in Civil Engineering, 2012.
[3] Basil Mali, M. and Renjan Abraham., "Study on geopolymer concrete used for paving blocks", International Journal of Innovative Research in Advanced Engineering, 3 (9), 2016, 62-66.
[4] Navya,G and Venkateeswara Rao.J, " Influence of Polyester fibre on Concrete Paver Blocks", IOSR Journal of Mechanical and Civil Engineering (IOSR- JMCE), 11(4), 2014, 70-75.
[5] Banupriya, C., Sharon John, Suresh, R., Divya, E., Vinitha, D., "Experimental investigations on geopolymer bricks / paver blocks", Indian Journal of Science and Technology, 9 (16), 2016.

Abstract: -This paper presents a study on Process planning is also "the association between product design and fabrication" with the supplementary commission to upkeep design of competitive products. Process planning is of a complex and dynamic nature, often managed by a skilled person with uncommon or no explicit methods to solve the task. In this case Review paper based on the process planning has to be studied and find out the gap which has to be proceeding in further work. The literature review concludes with an overview of the research on strategic planning by intercollegiate athletic departments.

Keywords: Process Planning, Qualitative, Quantitative

[1]. Anderberg, S., 2012. Methods for improving performance of process planning for CNC machining - An approach based on surveys and analytical models. Göteborg: Chalmers University of Technology.
[2]. A. A. Shabana, K. E. Zaazaa, and H. Sugiyam. Rail Road Vehicle Dynamics : A Computational Approach. CRC Press, Taylor and Francis group, New York, 2008.
[3]. A. Shabana. Dynamics of Multibody Systems, Second Edition. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom, 1998.
[4]. A. Shabana and J. R. Sany. A survey of rail vehicle track simulation and flexible multibody dynamics. Nonlinear Dynamics, 26, 2001.
[5]. A. A. Shabana, K. E. Zaazaa, J. L. Escalona, and J. R. Sany. Development of elastic force model for wheel/rail contact problems. Journal of Sound and Vibration, 269, 2004..

Abstract: In this paper, parameter of friction stir welding of marine grade aluminium alloy 5083 and high strength aluminium alloy 2024 T3 have to be predicted. The present work shows that different types of alloy materials have highest effect on mechanical properties of the specimens taken from welded zone. They were tested for mechanical properties such as tensile strength and Rockwell hardness respectively and are optimize with TOPSIS method to predict the parameter of welding joints.

Keywords: Friction Stir welding (FSW), Aluminium alloy, Tensile Strength, Rockwell Hardness.

[1]. Anastasios D. Kostrivas and John C. Lippold: Simulating Weld Fusion Boundary Microstructures in Aluminium Alloys, Journal of Materials February 2004 pp 65-72.
[2]. Cavaliere P, Nobile R, Panella F W and Squillace A (2006), "Mechanical and microstructural behaviour of 2024–7075 aluminium alloy sheets joined by friction stir welding", International Journal of Machine Tools & Manufacture, Vol. 46, pp. 588-594.
[3]. D. M. Rodregues, C. Leitao, R. louro, H. Gouveia, and A. Loureiro, High speed friction stir welding of aluminium alloys, Science and tech. of welding and joining, 15(2010), 676-681.
[4]. Duo Liu, Hiroyuki Nishio and Kazuhiro Nakata (2011), "Anisotropic property of material arrangement in friction stir welding of dissimilar Mg alloys", Materials and Design, Vol. 32, pp. 48184824

[5]. Esther T Akinlabi and Stephen A Akinlabi (2012), International Multiconference of Engineers and Computer Scientists, Vol. II..

Abstract: Ceramic matrix composites are widely demanded in all the sector of thermal, electrical and structural applications around the whole world. This present experiment aims to manufacture iron-crystalline silica ceramic matrix composites with average particle sizes around -150 micron. Crystalline silica matrix composites with 15, 20, 40 Wt. % of iron were manufactured through conventional powder metallurgy techniques. The surface morphology of the composites were observed by optical microscopy (OM). Physical property like density, porosity and mechanical property like hardness were measured and reported.

Keywords: Iron- Crystalline silica, Ceramic matrix, Powder Metallurgy, Surface morphology, Density, Porosity, Hardness.

[1]. Sharma, S.C., Girish,B., Kamath, R., and Sathish, B.M., "Fractography, Fluidity and Tensile Properties of Aluminium/Hematile Particle Composite, Journal of Materials Engineering Performance," 8(3), 1999, pp- 309-314.
[2]. Sharma, S.C., Seah, K.H.W., Sathish B.M., and Ginish, B.M., "Effect of Short Glass Fibers on Mechanical Properties of Cast Al6061 Alloy Composites, Material Design," 17(5/6), 1996, pp- 245-250.
[3]. Sharma, S.C., "Albite Particles on the Co–efficient of Thermal Expansion Behavior of the Al6061 alloy Composites," Metallurgical & Materials Transaction A 31, 2000, pp- 773-780.
[4]. Tjong, S.C., and Ma, Z.Y The High-Temperature Creep Behavior of Al Matrix Composites reinforced with SiC, Al2O3 and TiB2 Particles, Composite Science Technology, 57(197), 697702.
[5]. Akbulut, H., Durman, M., and Yilmaz, F., "Higher Temperature Young's Modulus of Aluminium Short Fiber Reinforced Al-SiC MMCs Produced by Liquid Infiltration, Composite Science Technology," 14, 1998, pp- 299-305.

Abstract: Recent developments in the automotive industry have witnessed a shift in paradigm from technological centered design to more user-centered designs. Consumer demands vary, but most consumers require that the products they purchase meet their needs in order to gain maximum value for their money. Accordingly, this research project adopted user centered design approach which identifies customer needs right from design stage before embarking on the real design. It has five broad stages. The five stages in designing user-centered productswere proposed in this paper.They are; identification of the scope, analysis, design, evaluation, and delivery. By following these steps, the research described a method of designing products that meet user requirement..

Keywords: Customer needs, Design process, User – Centered Design

[1]. Bryant, S, User Centered Engineering in Automotive (DesignA shift from technology driven product development.Queens University of Technology,2015).
[2]. Dell'Era C, Marchesi, A&Verganti, R. Mastering technologies in design – driven innovations: How two Italians Furniture companies make design a central part of their innovation process. Research Technology Management, pp. 12 – 13,2010.
[3]. Viswanathan, B (2013) Why are cars not getting cheap even with better ecomonic scale? Forbes.
[4]. Sorensen, D (2006), The automotive development process: A real options analysis.Gabler edition Wissenschaft, Stuttgart,Germany.
[5]. Ramsey, M.Designrevelution sweeps the auto industry, 2013.Wall street journal.

Abstract: The transport sector is one of the largest and fastest-growing energy users. At the beginning of this century the transport sector accounts for 27 % of World global carbon emissions with the forecast to reach 30% in 2030. Also, the transport sector participates in total energy consumption in World 23%, in EU 31% and in Serbia 22%. The problem is that the transport still depends mainly on fossil fuels. At the same time the inefficient transport participates considerably in derogation of human environment, health and everyday life. The paper analyses energy consumption in transportation in EU and Serbia, as well as presents the measures for transport energy efficiency.

Keywords: Energy consumption, Energy efficiency, Motor vehicles, Transport

[1] Strategy of Energetic Development of the Republic of Serbia up to 2015, Official Gazette of the Republic of Serbia, No. 44/2005 (in Serbian), 2005.
[2] Strategy of Energetic Development of the Republic of Serbia up to 2025 with the Projection up to 2030, Official Gazette of the Republic of Serbia, No. 111/15 (in Serbian), 2015.
[3] Energy Balance Sheets – 2013 data, EUROSTAT Statistical Book, Edition 2015 (Publications Office of the European Union, Luxembourg).
[4] S. Petrovic, Energy Efficiency in Transport, EU Sustainable Energy Week, Society of Thermal Engineers of Serbia, 2012. (On line at: http://www.drustvo-termicara.com/resources/files/de95f3e.pdf)
[5] Directive 2012/27/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of the European Union on energy efficiency, Official Journal of the European Union, L 315, 2012..

Abstract: Continuous use of petroleum sourced fuels is now widely recognized as unsustainable because of depleting supplies and the contribution of these fuels to the accumulation of carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide in the environment. Renewable, carbon neutral, transport fuels are necessary for environmental and economic sustainability. Here we will compare the blend of sole fuel with biodiesel extracted by double stage trans-esterification process from Jatropha seed oil to study the performance characteristics and emission of diesel engine. In this study, Jatropha seed oil is used to extract the bio-diesel. The extracted bio diesel is blended with sole fuel and B25%, B50%, B75% and B100% has been selected............

Keywords: Bio-diesel, Jatropha Oil and Trans-esterification Process..

[1]. B.K. Barnwal, M.P. Sharma, "Prospects of biodiesel production from vegetable oils in India" Journal of Renewable and Sustainable
Energy, Reviews, Vol.9, pp.363-378, 2005.
[2]. Ayhan Demirbas, Biodiesel production via non-catalytic SCF method and biodiesel fuel characteristics Journal of Energy
Conversion and Management, Vol.47, pp.2271-2282, 2006.
[3]. Tint Tint Kywe, Mya Mya Oo, Production of Biodiesel from Jatropha Oil (Jatropha curcas) in Pilot Plant, World Academy of
Science, Engineering and Technology, Vol.50, pp.477-483, 2009.
[4]. Dennis Y.C. Leung. Xuan Wu, M.K.H. Leung "A review on biodiesel production using catalyzed transesterification" Journal of
Applied Energy, Vol.87, pp. 1083-1095, 2010.
[5]. Soo-Young No, Inedible vegetable oils and their derivatives for alternative diesel fuels in CI engines: A review, Journal of
Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Vol.15, pp.131-149, 2011..

Abstract: Robots use in construction has many benefits;however a fully autonomous robot cannot be directly adopted in construction, because of complex integration. Robot Autonomy Spectrum helps in such adoption as it considers construction machine on one side and fully autonomous robot on the other side. Hence, in this paper, we try to find various developments which are needed in construction machinery so that it becomes a fully autonomous robot. This paper helps robot developers to develop various versions of the robot so that robot can be adopted in the construction in a smooth way.

Keywords: Robot autonomy Spectrum, construction industry, cloud robot.

[1]. Jain, Sachinand Jain, Suman. (2016). Robot Autonomy Spectrum for Proper Adoption of ROBOTS in Construction Industry. GE-International Journal of Engineering Research. Vol. 4, No. 4, pp. 10-26
[2]. Mohr,J., Sengupta,S., and Slater,S. (2009)Marketing Of High Technology Products And Innovations. India, Dorling Kindersley (India) Pvt Ltd Licenses Of Pearson Education in South Asia, 2009, (2nd Ed)
[3]. Busra KOKEN, and Gyula MESTER (2015), "The evolution of cloud robotics: a survey", ACTA TEHNICA CORVINIENSIS – Bulletin of Engineering, Tome VIII [2015] Fascicule 2 [April – June], ISSN: 2067 – 3809
[4]. Guoqiang Hu, Wee Peng Tay, and Yonggang Wen, Nanyang Technological University (2012), "Cloud Robotics:Architecture, Challenges and Applications", IEEE Network
[5]. Basit Qureshi, and Anis Koubˆaa (2014), "Five Traits of Performance Enhancement using Cloud Robotics: A Survey", Procedia Computer Science 00 (2014) 000–000

Abstract: Construction Projects are becoming complex due to cost overrun. This overrun sometimes results either in delay or incompletion or any other such difficulties. In Nepali construction industry traditional approach is predominantly in vogue in almost all of the projects. Identification of critical success factors will be helpful to formulate effective strategies for minimizing the cost of Construction Projects. The overall objective of the this research paper is 'To explore all the important factors contributing the cost overrun and identifying the critical factors of cause and effect of delay in construction project. Consultants and Contractors have been interviewed personally to get the practical problems through a survey questionnaire. The answers have been grouped and suitable methodologies...........

Keywords: Cause; consultant; delay; effect; project

[1]. Agrawal, S., Subramanian, S., & Kapoor, S. (2010). Operations Research-Contemporary Role in Managerial Decision Making. Int. J. Res. Rev. Appl. Sci., 3(May), 200–208. Retrieved from http://arpapress.com/Volumes/Vol3Issue2/IJRRAS_3_2_10.pdf
[2]. Alaryan, A., Elshahat, A., & Dawood, M. (2014). Causes and Effects of Change Orders on Construction Projects in Kuwait, 4(6), 1–8.
[3]. Alnuaimi, A. S., & Mohsin, M. a Al. (2013). Causes of Delay in Completion of Construction Projects in Oman. International Conference on Innovations in Engineering and Technology (ICIET'2013), 99231200, 267–270. doi:10.15242/IIE.E1213590
[4]. Assaf, S. a., Al-Khalil, M., & Al-Hazmi, M. (1995). Causes of Delay in Large Building Construction Projects. Journal of Management in Engineering, 11(11), 45–50. doi:10.1061/(ASCE)0742-597X(1995)11:2(45)
[5]. Challal, A., & Tkiouat, M. (2012). Identification of the Causes of Deadline Slippage in Construction Projects: State of the Art and Application. Journal of Service Science and Management, 05(June), 151–159. doi:10.4236/jssm.2012.52019

Abstract: Due to the high increase in the telecommunication business, number of buildings carrying a roof top tower has been increased rapidly. Most of the building were not originally designed to carry a roof top tower, but later converted to carry roof top towers due to the changed requirements. In the present work an attempt has been made to study the behavior of buildings with roof top tower in the event of an Earth Quake using STAAD pro. A typical residential building is considered for the analysis. Three towers with height 9m, 18m, and 27m is considered for the study. The building is analyzed by using different types of bracing system for respective heights.Telecommunication towers are categorized among the tallest man-made structures and can be found standing high on every parts of the globe with different heights and purposes............

Keywords: Bracing system, model analysis, response reduction factor, telecommunication tower, wind analysis, zone parameter.

[1]. A. Jesumi and M. G. Rajendran "Optimal Bracing System for Steel Towers" karunya university, Coimbatore, volume.1 (2013).
[2]. Siddesha.H."The analysis of microwave antenna tower", S. I. T., Tumkur, Karnataka, India. Volume 1 (2010).
[3]. Selaraj.M. Kulkarni.S.M. Ramesh Babu. R "Structural evaluation of FRP pultruded sections in overhead transmission line tower" NITK, Bangalore, volume2, India. (2012).
[4]. V.Lakshi and etal "Study on performance of 220KV M/C MA tower due to wind" JNT University, Kakinada, volume 3,india.(2011).
[5]. UmeshS.Salunke and YuwarajM.Ghugal "Analysis and Design of three Legged double circuit transmission tower" Bauhaus university Weimar, volume.1 (2013).

Abstract: Construction materials needs to be low energy consuming and mud construction system is less energy consuming and very successful in different weather conditions. Cob is an old earth building method passed down through the millennia, Cob is a sustainable earth building material with mud soil, coarse sand, straw and water are thoroughly combined and beaten together. This research aims to study the effect of some additives on physical properties (thermal conductivity and water content %) and mechanical property (compression strength) of Cob............

Keywords: Cob, thermal conductivity, compressive strength, goat hair, hooked end steel fiber, PMMA.

[1] Sruthi G S:" Mud architecture", International Journal of Innovative Research in Science, Engineering and Technology,Vol. 2, Special Issue 1, pp.47-52, (2013).
[2] Becky Little and Tom Morton: "Building with earth in Scotland: innovative design and sustainability", Scottish Executive Central Research Unit, (2001).
[3] Akinwumi II:" Earth building construction processes in Benin city, Nigeria and engineering classification of earth materials used", Indian Journal of Traditional Knowledge, Vol.13, No.2, pp.686-690, (2014).
[4] Mariana Estrada: "A case study of Cob earth based building technique in Matagalpa, Nicaragua – LCA perspective and rate of adoption", MSc thesis, Mid Sweden University, (2013).
[5] ManarNazar Ahmed and Payman Sahbah Ahmed: "Improving sustainable building materials by adding wastes and low cost reinforcements", International Journal of Engineering Technology, Management and Applied Sciences, Vol. 4, Issue 9, pp.181-191, (2016).