iosr-JMCE   Volume-17 ~ Issue-2 ~ mar. - apr. 2020

Abstract: Pipe flow and open channel flow have been thoroughly studied in past years. In this paper, a new type of flow called Flow in Channels with Extended Boundaries was introduced and experimentally investigated. In this flow, the channel sides are extended to cover part of the free surface. The extensions just touch the flow, so the pressure on the top surface is still approximately atmospheric. The existence of fixed extended boundaries affects the distributions of both velocity and discharge. Three cases with boundaries extension ratios = 25%, 50%, and 67% along with a typical open channel flow case, were examined. Acoustic Doppler Velocimeters were used to sample the velocity data through a complete mesh to create iso-lines of velocity distribution. For the case of open channel flow, results showed that the effect of the side boundaries was negligible and the velocity.......

Key words: Flow in Channels with Extended Boundaries, Iso-lines of Velocity Distribution, Acoustic Doppler Velocimeter, Discharge Distribution

[1]. Chanson H., "Open Channel Flow", in Environmental Hydraulics of Open Channel Flows, 2004. Published by online Sciencedirect/ Elsevier, https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/earth-and-planetary-sciences/open-channel-flow/pdf
[2]. Chen C.L., "Unified theory on power laws for flow resistance", J. of Hydraulic Engineering, ASCE, Vol. 117, No. 3, March 1991, pp. 371-389
[3]. González J., Melching C., and Oberg K., "Analysis of Open-Channel Velocity Measurements Collected with an Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler" Reprint from RIVERTECH 96. Proceedings from the 1st Int. Conf. on New Emerging Concepts for Rivers Organized by the Int. Water Resources Association held in September 22-26, 1996, Chicago, Illinois, USA
[4]. Kamal M., "Laboratory and MatLab programming techniques in ADV measurements", M.Sc. Thesis, Faculty of Engineering, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt, 2018.
[5]. Kumbhakar M., Ghoshal K., and Singh V., "Two-dimensional distribution of streamwise velocity in open channel flow using maximum entropy principle: Incorporation of additional constraints based on conservation laws", J. Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering, Vol. 3611 April 2020, Article 112738..

Abstract: Friction Stir Welding (FSW) processes, parameters vital in friction stir welding and the force in the welding process in combination with the actual engineering application and welding process requirements are analyzed. At the same time, the mechanical structure of parallel robot based on 2UPR/RPS is analyzed, which is designed on consideration of friction stir welding processes, but not limited to the degree of freedom analysis, coordinate system establishment and kinematics analysis.

Key words: Parallel Robot; Friction Stir Welding; Process Parameters; Degree of freedom; Forces

[1]. M. Soron and I. Kalaykov, "A Robot Prototype for Friction Stir Welding," 2006.
[2]. D. S. Zhang, Y. D. Xu, J. T. Yao, and Y. S. Zhao, "Analysis and Optimization of a Spatial Parallel Mechanism for a New 5 ‑ DOF Hybrid Serial ‑ Parallel Manipulator," Chinese J. Mech. Eng., pp. 1–9, 2018.
[3]. T. Handbook, "Friction Stir Welding."
[4]. N. Mendes, P. Neto, A. Loureiro, and A. Paulo, "Machines and control systems for friction stir welding : A review," JMADE, vol. 90, pp. 256–265, 2016.
[5]. L. U. O. Hai-, "Mechanical analysis of friction stir welding robot under typical working conditions," 2015.

Abstract: With the continuous progress of our society and the rising of urban infrastructure and the construction industry, the problems of construction waste caused by it are becoming more and more dangerous. Construction waste comes from the demolition and reconstruction of urban waste buildings and the collapse of houses due to earthquakes and other natural disasters, including muck, waste concrete blocks, waste bricks, and steel bars. The treatment of these construction wastes is usually only transported to the suburbs for storage and landfilling. A large amount of dust generated during the transportation process pollutes the air. At the same time, the storage process will occupy a large amount of land, and the harmful substances contained in the garbage will also affect nearby the impact of water resources. In contrast, World's gravel resources are facing a serious shortage, and high...

Key Word: Recycled aggregate concrete, recycled aggregate, Fly ash, Compressive strength, water reducing agent.

[1]. González-Taboada, I., et al., Study of recycled concrete aggregate quality and its relationship with recycled concrete compressive strength using database analysis. Materiales de Construcción, 2016. 66(323): p. 089.
[2]. Kartam, N., et al., Environmental management of construction and demolition waste in Kuwait. Waste management, 2004. 24(10): p. 1049-1059.
[3]. Pavlů, T., V. Kočí, and P. Hájek, Environmental Assessment of Two Use Cycles of Recycled Aggregate Concrete. Sustainability, 2019. 11(21): p. 6185.
[4]. Karim, Y., et al., A review on recycled aggregates for the construction industry. American Journal of Civil Engineering and Architecture, 2016. 4(1): p. 32-38.
[5]. Katz, A., Properties of concrete made with recycled aggregate from partially hydrated old concrete. Cement and concrete research, 2003. 33(5): p. 703-711.

Abstract: Background: Bakelite material has been used to produce the various components in India. Disposal of Bakelite through landfilling is prohibited and open burning because of the improper disposal and emission reasons. In an effort to use the Bakelite in large volume, research has being carried out for its possible utilization in making concrete and civil engineering materials as partial replacement of coarse aggregate. This experimental investigation was performed to evaluate the strength of concrete and solid block, in which coarse aggregate was partial replaced with Bakelite. Natural coarse aggregate was replaced with seven percentage (0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25% and 30%) of Bakelite by weight. A total.....

Key Word: Bakelite, Concrete, Solid Block, Compressive Strength, Bulk Density

[1]. https://www.unenvironment.org/interactive/beat-plastic-pollution/
[2]. Diaz-Barriga F. Evidence-based intervention programs to reduce children's exposure to chemicals in e-waste sites. Discussion paper for WHO Working Meeting on e-waste and children's health. 2013 [cited 2014 Sept 17]; 1-90 (8) (PDF) E-waste: A global hazard. Available from:https://www.researchgate.net/publication/268821960_E-waste_A_global_hazard.
[3]. https://blog.sciencemuseum.org.uk/bakelite-the-first-synthetic-plastic/
[4]. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bakelite
[5]. https://www.britannica.com/biography/Leo-Baekeland

Abstract: In this paper, numerical simulations of the punching shear failure of reinforced concrete slabs with light weight aggregates and concrete slabs reinforced with expanded metal mesh have been made. The importance of the
studying of the punching shear failure was due to its brittle and sudden occurs. The numerical models of punching shear failure for these types of slabs were made by the utilization of finite element analysis software
(ANSYS V.2020.R1). The nonlinear behavior of concrete and steel were taken into consideration in these models. The used elements in modeled slabs were solid element to model concrete, space bar element to model
the reinforcement and the embedded smeared layer within the solid element to model the expanded metal mesh. All used experimental data in this paper were obtained from literature. The results of numerical models of the
slabs were compared with the experimental results from literature by means of crack pattern and loaddeflection responses. Good agreement of the numerical models results with experimental results were obtained.
The numerical models of this study can be used as tools to predict the punching resistance of concrete slab with light weight aggregate and concrete slabs reinforced with expanded metal mesh..

Key Word: Punching shear; Nonlinear FEA; Ferrocement; Lightweight concrete; Concrete slab

[1]. K. S. Youm, Jung J. Kim, J. Moon. Punching shear failure of slab with lightweight aggregate concrete (LWAC) and low reinforcement ratio. Construction and Building Materials. 2014; 65: 92–102.
[2]. Higashiyama, H., Mizukoshi, M. and Matsui, S. Punching shear strength of RC slabs using lightweight concrete. Challenges, Opportunities and Solutions in Structural Engineering and Construction – Ghafoori (ed.). 2010; 111-117.
[3]. Thai X. Dam, James K. Wight. Flexurally-triggered punching shear failure of reinforced concrete slab–column connections reinforced with headed shear studs arranged in orthogonal and radial layouts. Engineering Structures. 2016; 110: 258–268.
[4]. K. Venkateswarlu, V. Bhaskar Desai. Study of Concrete Modified with Artificial Cold Bonded Pelletized Light Weight Silica Fume Aggregates, IOSR Journal of Mechanical and Civil Engineering. 2018; Vol. 15, Issue 4: PP 51-60.
[5]. A. I. Tamboli, Atul, Harish Kasera, VivekMangal, AkritiZutshi, Ashwintyagi. Effective Internal Curing Using Light Weight Aggregates. IOSR Journal of Mechanical and Civil Engineering. 2016; Vol. 13, Issue 2: PP 49-52.

Abstract: Computer Aided Engineering is a vital simulation software widely used in mechanical, biomechanics and many other applications. CAE plays a crucial role in product designing which obtains the stress, displacement, elastic strain and fatigue in the component. The reliability of the product's structure being analyzed via Finite Element Analysis is highly dependent on the accuracy of the analysis execution. Discretization of the domain is one of the crucial issues in Finite Element Analysis, which is also known as meshing. A well discretized mesh is necessary in order to obtain the more accurate and precise results within the less computational time. The present work aims at testing a finite element model of a plate with four bolt holes using various meshing strategiesand the results are investigated after numbers of numerical simulations to conclude the best choice for meshing.

Key Word:FEM,Discretization,Mesh quality, Aspect ratio, Jacobian ratio

[1]. Nitin S. Godbole, Practical finite element analysis, First edition, Finite to Infinite, 2008
[2]. Amir Javidinejad, "FEA Practical Illustration of Mesh-Quality-Results Differences between Structured Mesh and Unstructured Mesh", International Scholarly Research Network, Volume 2012.
[3]. Yucheng Liu and Gary Glass, "Effects of Mesh Density on Finite Element Analysis", SAE International, 2013-01-1375.
[4]. 12. ANSYS Meshing User's Guide. Available online: https://www.ansys.com/products/platform/ansys-meshing (accessed on 18 May 2019)
[5]. Saouma V.E., Natekar D. and Sbaizero O., "Nonlinear finite element analysis and size effect study in a metal reinforced ceramics-composite", Materials Science and Engineering A, 323(1-2), 2002, 129-137..

Abstract: Boiler is one of the first energy-consuming parts of any process industry or power plant. And, its efficiency deteriorates with time, due to poor combustion, heat transfer fouling and inappropriate operation and maintenance. Moreover, fuel quality and water quality also lead to the poor performance of the boiler. Hence, efficiency testing helps us to find out how far the boiler efficiency drifts away from the best efficiency. In this work, a complete energy auditing of the boiler was carried out at Awash Melkassa Aluminum Sulphate and Sulphuric Acid Company by ASME (American Society for Mechanical Engineers) power test code, PTC 4.1. It suggests two methods, the first....

Key Word:Energy Auditing, Boiler efficiency, Direct Method, Indirect Method, Awash Melkassa Aluminum Sulphate and Sulphuric Acid Company

[1]. Avami, A. and Sattari, S., 2007. Energy conservation opportunities: cement industry in Iran. International journal of Energy, 1(3), pp.65-71.
[2]. Khurana, S., Banerjee, R. and Gaitonde, U., 2002. Energy balance and cogeneration for a cement plant. Applied thermal engineering, 22(5), pp.485-494.
[3]. Chao, L., Ke, L., Yongzhen, W., Zhitong, M. and Yulie, G., 2017. The effect analysis of thermal efficiency and optimal design for boiler system. Energy Procedia, 105, pp.3045-3050. F. Gonzalez and J. Hernandez, " A tutorial on Digital Watermarking ", In IEEE annual Carnahan conference on security technology, Spain, 1999.
[4]. Qun, W. and Minlin, P., 1997. Renovation of chain-grate boiler with pulverized coal combined combustion [J]. Power System Engineering, 2, pp.53-56.J. Eggers, J. Su and B. Girod," Robustness of a Blind Image Watermarking Scheme", Proc. IEEE Int. Conf. on Image Proc., Vancouver, 2000.
[5]. Patro, B., 2016. Efficiency studies of combination tube boilers. Alexandria Engineering Journal, 55(1), pp.193-202.

Abstract: Background: The design of a structure must satisfy three basic requirements which are stability, strength and serviceability. There are two other consideration that a sensible designer ought to bear in mind viz. economy and aesthetic. As the height of building increases lateral load due to wind and earthquake makes their presence felt increasingly. In fact, in very tall building the choice of a structural system is dictated by its economy in resisting lateral load rather than gravity loads. In short it can be said that gravity load resisting and lateral load resisting system are complementary and interactive. The vertical framing system resist the gravity loads and lateral loads from the floor system......

Key Word: Earthquake, Shear wall, Seismic, loads, high-rise, Drift, Shear force, displacement.

[1]. Agrawal, A. S. and Charkha, S. D., 2012. Effect of change in shear wall location on storey drift of multi-storey building subjected to lateral loads. International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA), May-June, II(3), pp. 1786-1793.
[2]. Bureau of Indian Standards: IS 1893 (part 1): 2002, Criteria for Earthquake Resistant Design of Structures: Part 1 General provisions and Buildings, New Delhi, India
[3]. Bureau of Indian Standards: IS 13920: 1993, Ductile Detailing of Reinforced Concrete structures subjected to seismic forces - code of practice, New Delhi, India.
[4]. Bureau of Indian Standards: IS 456: 2000, Plain and Reinforced - code of practice, New Delhi, India
[5]. Harne, V. R., 2014. Comparative Study of Strength of RC Shear Wall at Different Location on Multi-storied Residential Building. International Journal of Civil Engineering Research, V(4), pp. 391-400.

Abstract: Menial world requires a lot of energy in different phases to run their livelihood. So this factotum describes the conversion of muscular energy into mechanical energy which can be again converted into useful electrical energy. The renewable energy and some unconventional source of energy also provide reinvigorate economy for climate stabilization and reduce the consumption of fossil fuel. The main goal of this project is to design & fabricate a miniature revolving door which can generate energy by amplifying the initial RPM of door shaft that harnesses human motion and change it as electricity..

Key Word: Energy Generation, Dynamo, Gear, Pinion, Revolving Door

[1]. Bisoyi B, Das B. "Adapting Green Technology for Optimal Deployment of Renewable Energy Resources and to Generate Power for Future Sustainability". Indian Journal of Science and Technology. 2015; 8(28).
[2]. Aniket M. Dighade, Dipeeka A. Gondane, Priyanka V. Raut,"Generation of Energy using Revolving Door", International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology(IRJET)Volume: 06 Issue: 01 | Jan 2019.
[3]. Raju Ahamed, M. M. Rashid, Jahidul Islam, AsiefJaved and Hazlina Md. Yusof,Energy"Generation from Revolving Door",Indian Journal of Science and Technology, Vol 9(19), Doi: 10.17485/ijst/2016/v9i19/84237, May 2016.
[4]. Power Generation by Using Revolving Door 1Smriti Chouhan, 2Koushik Chakraborty, 3Himanshu Sirohia and 4Bhaskar Sharma 1,2,3,4Jayoti Vidyapeeth Women's University, Jaipur. International Journal of Pure and Applied Mathematics Volume 119 No. 15 ISSN: 1314-3395.2018.
[5]. PraweshMeshram, AkshayKasurkar, Pullawar P.V., Development in Energy Harvesting System Using Escalator & Four Way Door Mechanism, International Journal of Advanced Research in Science, Engineering and Technology 4(4) (2017).