Abstract: Local knowledge about lymphatic filariasis (LF) and their cause in villages of sarangarh tehsil, district Raigarh, C. G. Sarangarh tehsil is endemic for lymphatic filariasis. During July to November 2014, a lymphatic filariasis survey was carried out in six randomly selected villages and muhallas of sarangarh tehsil. Quantitative and qualitative methods were used for data collection. 202 individuals had disease manifestation of Lf. Female (55.44%) were more infected than male (44.55%), over all disease rate was (.70%) in all. Out of 202 diseased individuals, 57 male had hydrocele (28.21%), 126 had infected lower legs (62.36%) and 19 had infected upper arm (9.40%). Major causes of lymphatic filariasis is due to less awareness, unhygienic condition and late prevention. The present survey indicate that lymphatic filariasis is one of the major problem of public health in surveyed area.

Abstract: Now in present days Cancer is also a very dangerous disease like Hepatitis and Ebola. So, we experiment on plant ( parasite) Orobanche for a better record than we found that there is a very extra ordinary change after using this Orobanche plant as a Cancer medicine and Cascuta as stimulator or cardio-tonic of human and other living organisms heart beats. Keywords: Orobanche, stimulator, Cascuta, tonic, parasites.

Abstract: The efficiency of Moringa Oleifera seed powder as a coagulant for domestic water purification was investigated using the Jar Test.The optimum dosage of moringa oleifera seed powder was observed to be at 90mg/L. The results of the physiochemical parameters tested at the point of sample collection and at 90mg/L optimal dosage respectively are as follows: pH (8.1 and 7.9) temperature (26.6oC and 26.8oC), conductivity (1.75 μs/cm and 1.78 μs/cm), dissolved oxygen (0.30mg/l and 0.10mg/l), turbidity (339 and 4.10NTU), and hardness (212mg/l and 300mg/l) respectively. Analysis of some metals such as copper, chromium, lead, calcium, magnesium, cobalt and zinc were performed before and after treatment of the water sample with the Moringa oleifera seed. The metals analyzed (Cu, Zn, Ca, Cr, Pb, Co, and Mg) before and after coagulation showed that concentration of Zn, Cu, Co, Pb and Ca as increased in the most optimally purified water containing 90mg/L Moringa Oleifera seed Powder from, 1.12 to 2.54mg/L, 0.18 to 0.39mg/L, 0.00 to0.19mg/L, 0.00 to 0.08mg/L and 1.02 to 2.10 mg/L respectively. And magnesium concentration decreased from 36.32 to 27.89 mg/L.

Keywords: Coagulant,Hardness, Metals, Moringa oleifera, Turbidity,and Water treatment.

Abstract: Serological techniques are commonly used in the detection and characterization of plant viruses. These methods employ the use of antisera produced by highly purified preparations in intramuscular, intradermal and intraocular. In this study oral route was explored using crude extracts. Two groups (control and experimental) of Swiss albino mice consisting of two replicates were immunized via the oral route with crude extracts from uninfected cassava plants (Manihot esculenta) and cassava plants systematically infected with African Cassava Mosaic Virus (ACMV). Uninfected and infected leaves were grinded separately in saline solution (0.15M) at 1:2 (w/v) with laboratory mortar and pestle and then filtered with double layered cheese cloth of 75μm to obtain extracts. Clarified extracts were orally administered to the mice in daily doses of 200μl per mice for 21 days and booster doses were also given at day 28 and 35 respectively.

Abstract: The study compared the prevalence and antibiogram of bacterial isolates from the urinary and genital tracts of pregnant women attending ante-natal clinics in Imo State. Urine and High vaginal swab (HVS) samples were collected from across the three geopolitical zones of Imo State (Owerri, Orlu and Okigwe). Federal Medical Centre (FMC) Owerri, Imo State University Teaching Hospital (IMSUTH) Orlu and General Hospital Okigwe (GHO) were used as focal points. A total of 1197 samples were obtained from women and used. Infection was significantly more with the urine samples than the HVS samples (P < 0.05) while polymicrobial growth was more observed with the HVS samples. Escherichia coli was the predominantly isolated organism (38.3%) from the urine samples while Staphylococcus aureus (29.1%) was the predominant bacterial isolates in HVS.

Abstract: Susceptibility to preeclampsia is believed to have a genetic component. Several studies have reported associations between polymorphisms of oxidative stress- related genes and preeclampsia. The aim of the present study was to study the polymorphisms in anti-oxidant genes glutathione S-transferase P1 (GSTP1) and Mn-superoxide dismutase (Mn-SOD) in patients with of preeclampsia. Seventy four preeclampsia patients and fifty age-matched healthy pregnant female controls were genotyped for GSTP1 and Mn-SOD. DNA was extracted from peripheral blood of all patients and control women. DNA analysis was carried out by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and then digestion of the PCR products by restriction enzymes (RFLP) for both genes was performed. As regards GSTP1, the carriers of Val (G) allele were significantly more frequent among preeclampsia patients when compared to the control group (45.95% Vs. 19%, X2=10.40, OR=2.418, 95%CI (1.3698 - 4.269); p=0.0023). Preeclampsia patients had a lower frequency of GSTP1 Ile/Ile (AA) genotype (31.1% Vs. 68% in control; X2=13.09, OR=0.457, 95%CI (0.241 - 0.866); p =0.0164). The frequency of GSTP1 Ile/Val (AG) and Val/Val (GG) genotypes was higher in preeclampsia patients than control (68.9%Vs. 32%; X2= 12.83, OR=2.154, 95%CI (1.106 - 4.194); p =0.0241). However, non significant frequencies differences as regards Mn-SOD genotypes or alleles were found between preeclampsia patients and control. It could be concluded that, pregnant Egyptian women carrying the Val (G) allele of GSTP1 GSTP1 -105 Ile →Val (-313 A to G) polymorphism may be more susceptible to preeclampsia either in homozygous or heterozygous state.

Keywords: Preeclampsia, GSTP1, Mn-SOD, gene polymorphism.

Abstract: Urinary schistosomiasis in most cases is complicated with bacterial infections because the so called normal flora of the genito- urinary tract has a better chance of entering and invading the underlying internal tissues as a result of the constant tear and scar of the epithelium by the spiny schistosomal eggs. The study was carried ou ton seasonal variations in the occurrences of Schistosoma haematobium and bacterial urinary infections among school age children in 8 irrigation rural communities of four Local Government Areas of Kano State from March 2012 to February 2013, in order to determine the incidence of S. haematobium and its co-infection with bacterial pathogens among the pupils. Ethical clearance was sought from the State Universal Basic Education Board (SUBEB).

Abstract: The aim of the present study was to determine the effect of selenium and vitamin E on gastric mucosal damage and acid secretion induced water immersion restraint stress (WRS) in Wistar rats. (n= 70) Wistar rats of both sexes, weighing 200-220 g were divided in to five groups of seven rats each, viz: (i) passive control (non-stress rats), (ii) active control (WRS + distilled water), (iii) WRS + vitamin E, (iv) WRS + vitamin E + selenium, and (v) WRS + selenium. The WRS procedure lasted for 3.5 hours. Gastric tissues were isolated and investigated macroscopically and histologically to determine mucosal damage. Gastric secretion was collected after additional 3 hours of pyloric ligation. Blood samples were collected through cardiac puncture for the investigation of plasma concentration of malondialdehyde (MDA). The result demonstrated that acute WRS significantly (P < 0.001) increase gastric ulcer and gastric secretion parameters as well as MDA concentration. Pre-treatment with selenium or vitamin E significantly lowered the gastric parameters and MDA concentration especially in rats co-administered with selenium and vitamin E. It was concluded that acute WRS exposure causes significant alteration in the structure of the gastric tissue and increased plasma MDA. Pre-treatment with selenium and vitamin E ameliorated the adverse effects of WRS, and co-administration of selenium and vitamin E exerted synergistic effects in the restoration of WRS-induced changes.

Keywords: gastric tissue, malondialdehyde, mucosal damage, stress, selenium, vitamin E, water immersion,

Abstract: Ebola virus belongs to Filoviridae family. Recently, Ebola outbreaks have appeared drastically in West Africa. The 2014 Ebola epidemic was lethal which was found to be affecting multiple countries in West Africa. Till date there is no reported host for Ebola infection but it is most likely spread through bats. Still, mankind is struggling to combat this pandemic infection. There are no reported drug targets in Ebola virus. Therefore there are no reported inhibitors for the same. In this present work, two drug targets have been proposed based on its essentiality to Ebola infection and non-homology to human proteome. Further, docking and ADMET analysis have been done to report promising lead molecules for these two drug targets.

Keywords: Inhibitors, Docking, Proteome, ADMET analysis.

Abstract: The work entitled, "Study on the health related quality of life of patients with ischemic stroke" was conducted in the department of Neurology at a multispecialty hospital. After receiving the official approval, the study was conducted for a period of eight months from December 2013 to August 2014. A total of 278 cases with Neurological disorders were found, of which 117(42 %) patients were with ischemic stroke. Hypertension (59%) and Diabetes (53%) were the major co-morbid conditions found. The Health related quality of life of the patients was assessed by direct interviewing of individual patients with a stroke specific questionnaire. The Health related quality of life of the patients was assessed by direct interviewing of individual patients with a stroke specific questionnaire. Quality of life assessments are done by various methods like taking the floor and ceiling effects of the scores, average score calculation etc. Assessment of the floor and ceiling effect showed the potential for floor effects in the most difficult domain(strength) and the possibility of a ceiling effect in the communication domain. Assessment of stroke severity is done by taking the mean and SD of the individual domains

Keywords: Activities of daily living, Atherosclerosis, Dyslipidemia, Embolism, High density Lipoprotein

Abstract: Ancient man had found the ways and means of usage of plants to cure his health disorders. Plant induced increases in allergic rhinitis like high fever the distinct seasonal sources of plant pollen, trees, grasses, and ragweed. Quantity and seasonality of pollen depend in large part on plant responses to climatic and meteorological variables. However, changes in such variables are likely as a result of anthropogenic influences on levels of atmospheric CO2, and enhancement of the greenhouse effect, with subsequent impacts on plant growth and pollen production. The knowledge of preparation of medicines of various parts such as root, tuber, stem, bark, leaves, flower, fruit, seed, and whole plant, formed a parallel system of medicine the ethno medicine, which exclusively uses the plants and herbal products for the treatment of diseases. Fever is one such common disease characterized by an elevation of body temperature above the normal range of 36.5 – 37.5o C (98- 100oF). This triggers increased muscle tone and shivering. The present study emphasized the documentation and analysis of indigenous herbal medicinal knowledge existing in curing different types of fever by different communities of Adilabad district. The survey in the rural areas of Adilabad district was carried out during January 2007 – December 2011. In all medicinal practitioners were interviewed using structured questionnaires.

Keywords: Climate change, Public health, Fever, Adilabad district.

Abstract: Purpose: To evaluate the immunomodulatory activity of ethanolic extracts of Dalbergia latifolia bark (Fabaceae) on Swiss albino mice. Methods: Model -Cyclophosphamide induced immunosuppression model and Neutrophil adhesion test. Animal used - Swiss albino mice. Dose –Cyclophosphamide-30mg/kg body weight, i.p route. Extract-100mg/kg and 200mg/kg body weight, oral route. The extent of protection against immunosuppression caused by Cyclophosphamide was evaluated after 14 days of drug administration, by estimating hematological parameter and neutrophil adhesion test.

Results: Ethanolic extracts of Dalbergia latifolia bark flavonoids showedimmunomodulatory activity by increasing the depleted levels of total WBC count and RBC, % Hb, and % neutrophils adhesion.

Abstract: Study Background: Wide reports in literatures from different parts of the world revealed that antibiotics are used both widely and indiscriminately. RTIs comprise the most common indication for consulting a general practitioner, and obtaining an antibiotic prescription.

Abstract: In this study, we aim to demonstrate, separately, the hepatoprotective activity of the total ethanolic extract as well as the defatted ethanolic extract of Cichoriumintybus L., using adult Wister albino rats (120-170 g) as the experimental animals. The total as well as the defatted alcoholic extracts of Cichoriumintybus L., seeds possess significant hepatoprotective activity; which may be attributed to the individual or combined effects of the phytoconstituents of each extract separately. In this study, hepatic injury caused by carbon tetra chloride, was analyzed through estimation of AST (GOT), ALT (GPT), albumin and platelets in blood samples taken from the veins of orbital plexus of each animal as well as the histopathological examination of the liver.The effects of the extracts were comparable with standard drug Silymarin. On the other hand a GC-MS analysis was performed on the fatty acid composition of the lipoidal fraction for the seeds. The separated fatty acids were converted to their methyl ester and then subjected to the analysis. Keywords: Cichoriumintybus L. seeds, hepatoprotective, carbon tetrachloride, Silymarin, fatty acids.