iosr-JPBS   Volume-15 ~ Issue-1 ~ Jan –Feb 2020

Abstract: Mono-Sodium Glutamate (MSG) is well-known in most fast food restaurants and houses as taste enhancer. Yet it has different damaging effects that target various organs. The present examination was designed to investigate the impact of MSG (4mg/g & 8mg/g b. wt.) on the liver and bone marrow of mice and the augmenting effect of ascorbic acid (100mg/ kg b. wt.). In this study 36 swiss albino male mice (Mus musculus) were used. Animals were treated daily by oral gavage (p. o.) with MSG and/or ascorbic acid for 8 consecutive weeks. The results revealed that the destructive effects of MSG in treated groups compared with control group and the protected groups with ascorbic acid, which was dose dependent. Hepatotoxicity and genotoxicity were evidence for the deleterious effect of MSG. In MSG groups showed DNA fragmentation in liver tissue and induction micronucleus in bone marrow polychromatic erythrocytes (PCEs). On the other hand, mice treated with ascorbic acid, their liver and bone marrow samples showed significantly decreased deleterious effects of MSG.

Keywords: Mono-Sodium Glutamate(MSG), micronucleus(MN), polychromatic erythrocytes (PCEs), hepatotoxicity

Abstract: Kroshtukasheersha is described by AcharyaSushrutha as a vatavyadhi1 can be compared with Synovitis of Knee Joint with Effusion in modern terminology. There are multiple causes for the swelling which includes arthritis, injury to the ligaments or meniscus. As per Ayurveda Vata and Raktadoshaare predominantly involved for the manifestation of the disease. Localization takes place in the knee joint causing swelling which appears like the head of Jackal and makes the patient difficult to walk due to the severity of pain. In the present clinical study we have selected a combination of ShamanaAushadies namely Chopinchyadhichurna, SameerapannagaRas, Pravalapishti, TriphalaGuggulu,GugguluTiktakaGhrtam. The outcome of the study revealed good therapeutic efficacy and no further accumulation of fluid was seen in follow up.

Key words: Ayurveda, Kroshtukasheersha, Sinoarthritis, Effusion, SameerapannagaRas

Abstract: Skeletal muscle relaxants are the agents that are used to treat both muscle spasm and spasticity, acting both as antispasmodic and antispasticity agents. Cleome gynandra (Cleomaceae) is traditionally used for various diseases because of its medicinal properties. The aim was to evaluate the skeletal muscle relaxant activity of the N-butanol fraction of leaves of Cleome gynandra comparison with diazepam. The butanol fraction was given in Swiss Albino Mice at a dose of 50 mg/kg , 100 mg/kg, 200 mg/kg body weight. Skeletal muscle relaxant activity was assessed by using Rota-rod apparatus. The results are promising for muscle relaxation In this test, BF CG (50 mg / kg, 100 mg / kg, and 200 mg / kg) showed highly significant reduction in the time spent by the animals on the revolving rod when compared to the control (P < 0.01). The standard drug (Diazepam) also showed a highly significant effect......

Keywords: Actophotometer, Cleome gynandra, rota-rod, soxhlet's apparatus, muscle relaxant.

Abstract: Butea monosperma belongs to the plant family Fabaceae and the order Fabales. This herb iscommonly known as Palas in Hindi. It is also called "the flame of the forest" due to the bright orange and scarlet colors of its flowers. It follows the trade name "Butea" which has been taken from its scientific name Butea monosperma. Butea monosperma is a species of Butea native to tropical and subtropical part of India, Subcontinent and Southeast Asia, ranging across India, Sri Lanka, Bangladesh, Nepal, Myanmar, Thailand, Laos, Cambodia etc. The plant is highly uses by the rural and tribal people in curing various disorders. Flowers are used as drug in many ailments like eye disease, chronic fever, enlargement of spleen, leucorrhoea, epilepsy, leprosy, anti fungal activity, anti-inflammatory activity, liver disorders antifertility activity and gout etc. The plant parts are used in the form of extract, juice, infusion, powder and gum. It contain butrin, iso-butrin, triterene, coreserpine, iso-coreserpine, isomonospermoside.....

Keywords: Butea monosperma ,proteolytic and lypolytic enzymes, gout, anti-inflammatory,epilepsy, leprosy, anti fungal, fever.etc.

Abstract: An isocratic reverse phase liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) method has been developed and subsequently validate for the determination of Gemcitabine in pharmaceutical formulation. In this method,
Agilent TC C18 (250*4.6mm ;) particle size 5μm column with mobile phase consisting of Acetonitrile and water in ratio of 50:50 v/v was used. The detection wavelength is 270nm and the flow rate 1.0mL/ min. The
linearity was found in the range of 80μg/ml and shows a correlation coefficient of 0.9992. The method precision for the determination of assay was below 2.0% RSD. The developed method was validating by
determining specificity, accuracy, precision and linearity. The developed method is simple , fast, accurate and precise hence can be applied for the routine quality control analysis of Gemcitabine in pure and
pharmaceutical formulation..

Keywords: HPLC, Gemcitabine, Agilent TC C18, correlation coefficient and Acetonitrile

Abstract: Background: Over the years, Nigeria's development has accelerated due to crude oil exploaration. In spite of its enormous benefits, it has wreaked much havoc and damage on the ecosystem due to its toxicity. Materials and Methods: The study evaluated hydrocarbon degradation potentials by the rhizobacterial flora of the legume Arachis hypogaea (Groundnut) grown in potted sandy-loamy soil samples in the green house of Kebbi State University of Science and Technology, Aliero, Nigeria. Crude oil concentrations of 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 2.5, 5.0, 10.0, 15.0, and 20.0mls were used to contaminate the soil samples respectively. All soil samples apart from the control were polluted. Results: Groundnut germinated after seven days at concentration of 0.0 to 2.5% but at higher concentration of 5.0% of the contaminant, the....

Keywords: Arachis hypogaea, Bacteria flora, Hydrocarbon-Contaminated Soil, Oil Spillage, Phytoremediation.

Abstract: Background: Since the discovery of crude oil as an energy source, it has tremendously stepped up the rate of civilization. However, with its enormous benefits notwithstanding, it has wreaked much havoc and damage on the ecosystem due to its toxicity. Materials and Methods: This study evaluated hydrocarbon degradation potentials by the rhizobacterial flora of two legumes Vigna unguiculata (Cowpea) and Arachis hypogaea (Groundnut) grown in potted sandy-loamy soil samples in the screen house of Kebbi State University of Science and Technology, Aliero, Nigeria. Crude oil concentrations of 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 2.5, 5.0, 10.0, 15.0, and 20.0mls were used to contaminate the soil samples respectively. All soil samples apart from the control were polluted....

Key word: Arachis hypogaea, Bacteria flora, Hydrocarbon-Contaminated Soil, Oil Spillage, Phytoremediation, Vigna unguiculata

Abstract: Nicotine (NIT) is the main ingredient of cigarette smoke that has harmful effects on reproductive system of both sixes and reduced fertility. However, the major cause of male infertility is the oxidative stress. Also, NIT caused depression in semen parameters, male hormones and apoptotic markers which led to male infertility. Graviola leaves extract (GLE) has many antioxidants that can treat hyperlipidemia, hematological and fertility disorders caused by NIT. The current study was done to assess the influence of NIT on the rat testes and also to clarify the possible protective and therapeutic effects of GLE against NIT induced testicular damages in male rats. Thirty male albino rats were classified into five groups (containing 6 animals in each) as follows: group I which served as control: rats were received saline solution only; group II: received orally GLE (200 mg/kg bw daily, for1month); group III: injected subcutaneously with NIT (0.6 mg/kg bw daily, for 1 month); group IV: received orally GLE daily, for 1 month.....

Abstract: Le VIH-1 induit un stress oxydatif et des dommages à l'ADN dans les cellules infectées via de multiples mécanismes, notamment la protéine Tat virale. Ce dernier est présent dans le sang d'individus infectés, et peut y stimuler le stress oxydatif dans les cellules via la production de ROS mitochondriales qui dépendait du flux d'électrons inverse dans le complexe I de la chaîne respiratoire. Ainsi, le stress oxydatif induit par Tat, les dommages à l'ADN et les aberrations chromosomiques sont de nouveaux facteurs oncogènes favorisant la survenue des cancers chez les individus infectés par le VIH-1.Et la voie de réparation de l'excision de base est le mécanisme le plus.....

Keywords: VIH, Stress oxydatif, Probiotique.

Abstract: Swine flu has been creating a terror effects all round the globe and has been declared epidemic in most part of the world. Swine flu refers to Swine influenza or the viral infection caused by any of the several types of Swine influenza virus. Only people who used to have direct contact with pigs were observed to get swine flu in the past. But H1N1 Virus is a new Swine flu Virus and it contains the genetic material of Swine flu, Bird, and human influenza virus. The 2009 Swine flu outbreak (pandemic) was due to infection with the H1N1 Virus and was first observed in Mexico. Symptoms of Swine flu in humans are similar to most influenza infections: Fever (100F or greater), Cough, Nasal secretions, Fatigue, Headache. The first confirmed case of Swine flu H1N1 in India was documented.....

Keywords: H1N1, Influenza, Swine flu, Swine influenza, in Humans, H1N1, India.

Abstract: In view of the resistance developed by helminths with regard to synthetic anthelmintics available and the high cost of these, the search for other alternatives becomes essential. In this work, the vermicidal properties of ethanolic extract of Bosciasenegalensis (Pers) Lam. Ex Poir. (Capparaceae) roots and leaves are evaluated in vitro on adult worms (Ascaridiagalli) of approximately equal sizes. Three different concentrations (2g/L, 5g/L and 10g/L) were studied. The phytochemical screening revealed the presence of saponins, steroids and terpenoids in both roots and leaves. Flavonoids were present only in leaves and alcaloids were present only in roots extract. All extracts showed vermicidal activity with 100% inhibition of motility before 24 hours. Compared with the negative control (NaCl 0.9%) which gives 100% inhibition of motility, after 72 hours, these extracts are significantly effective (p <0.05). The extracts of Bosciasenegalensis possess a vermicidal activity. This activity is non dose-dependant. These results confirm the traditional uses of B. Senegalensis as dewormer.

Keywords: vermicidal, Bosciasenegalensis, Ascaridiagalli, Azawagh, Niger.