IOSR-JAP   Volume-11 ~ Issue-5 ~ Sep-Oct 2019

ABSTRACT: We investigate the critical properties of the Ising modelin two dimensions on non-local directed small-world networks .The disordered system is simulated by applying forMonte Carlo updates heat bath and Wolff algorithms.We have calculated the critical temperature, as well as the criticalexponents , 𝛾𝑣 ,𝛽𝑣 and 1𝑣 for several values of the rewiring probabilityP, We find that this system does not belong to the same universalityclass as the regular two-dimensional ferromagnetic model. TheIsing model on non-local directed} small-world lattices presents in fact asecond-order phase transition with new critical exponentsdependent on p (0<p<1).

Keyword: Ising Model, Small World, probability, Magnetization, susctibility.

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ABSTRACT: This paper presents the performance profile of a thermosyphon flat plate solar water heater developed at the ModibboAdama University of Technology (MAUTECH), Yola. The major components of the heater include; solar collector, storage tank and circulating pipes. The solar collector has a surface area of 1.5 m2 mounted on an angled-iron frame tilted to an angle of 14 degrees. Data were collected for three days (clear and cloudy days). The dynamic performance of the system to variations in solar insolation was studied and analized. The maximum output water temperature recorded was 79.5 oC, 71.5 oC and 76.5 oC respectively at 13:00 hr for both the three days while the maximum recorded ambient temperature was 40.63 oC, 36.60oC and 37.54 oC at 16:00 hr respectively

Keyword: Thermosyphon, solar water heater, insolation, collector efficiency, overall heat loss coefficient.

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ABSTRACT: The Optical Properties of two groups of samples were studied. Group one samples made of titanium dioxide (TiO2); while group two samples were doped by (Ag); AgTiO2.The optical characteristics of the prepared samples have been investigated by UV/Vis spectrophotometer in the wavelength range (240 – 700nm). The maximum value absorbance for TiO2 sample equal (3.27 a.u) at wavelength (306 nm) but Ag TiO2 was decreases to (3.17 a.u) at same wavelength. The value of absorption coefficient (α) for TiO2 was greater than AgTiO2 sample (1.5X105 cm-1 at the same wavelength). The value of energy band gab (Eg) was decreased...

Keyword: Titanium Dioxide, optical characteristics, doping, optical conductivity, optoelectronic applications

[1]. Fujishima A, Honda K. Electrochemical photolysis of water at asemiconductor electrode. Nature 1972; 283: 37-38.
[2]. Fujishima X, Zhang CR. Titanium dioxide photo catalysis: Presentsituation and future approaches. Chimie 2006; 9: 750-760.
[3]. Yamashita H, Harada M, Misaka J, et al. Application of ion beamtechniques for preparation of metal ion-implanted TiO2 thin filmphotocatalyst available under visible light irradiation: Metal ion implantationand ionized cluster beam method. J Synchrotron Rad2001; 8: 569-571.
[4]. Ihara T, Miyoshi M, Ando M, Sugihara S, Iriyama Y. Preparationof a visible-light-active TiO2 photo catalyst by RF plasma treatment.J Mater Sci 2001; 4201-4207.
[5]. Ohno T, Mitsui T, Matsumura M. Photocatalytic activity of dopedTiO2 photo catalyst under visible light. Chem Lett 2003; 32:364-365.

ABSTRACT:All, the existences, have energy ii) All the energies, whether in form of wave or particle curve the space. The curvature amount depends on the amount of energy and the nature of curvature is the results of different nature of energy. iii) Pole is a cause that effects the nature of curvature of the space. If in a space, there have two same poles, the nature of curvature is likely of repulsion and if two opposite poles, the nature of curvature is as likely as attractive........

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ABSTRACT: Environmental noise pollution and impact in some markets of Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria have been carried out. The average maximum noise level of 90.4 dB(A), 85.2 dB(A) and 74.3dB(A), recorded in the mornings, afternoons and evenings constitute a health hazard for the vendors and buyers in these markets as they exceed the recommended standards. The average minimum values of 66.66, 63.7 and 60.0dB(A) were also recorded for mornings, afternoons and evenings. Reduced hearing acuity, speech intelligibility and clarity, communication disturbances and fatigue were some of the negative impacts on the market operators as acknowledged during the subjective assessment of the respondents. Lock-up shops which should serve as noise barriers should be provided in these market to replace the open market operations as this would reduce the emitted noise and the negative impacts..

Keyword: Environmental noise pollution, noise levels, hearing acuity, speech intelligibility and clarity, fatigue, communication.

[1]. Adams, M. T., Moore, G., Crawford, B., Refaee, M. and Sharples, S. (2006): Sustainable sounds capes: noise policy and the urban experience, Urban studies, 43(13): 2385-2398.
[2]. Aniefiok O. A., Efiong O. O. and Ubon E. A. (2012): Aircraft noise and the quality of life of community residents around Port-Harcourt international airport, South-South Nigeria. Journal of environment and earth sciences, vol. 2, no. 5, 8-12.
[3]. Aniefiok O. A., Ubon E. A., & Augustine A. U. (2013): Study of noise pollution during pre-carnival, carnival and post-carnival festivals in Calabar Municipality, Calabar, Cross River State, South-South Nigeria. Global Journal of Science Frontier Research Physics and Space Science. Vol. 13, issue1 version 1.0.
[4]. Debnath, D., Nath. S. K. and Borthakur, N. K. (2012): Analysis of heavy vehicular noise pollution in Nagaon District of Assam, India. International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications, vol. 2, issue 7, 2012.
[5]. Dev P. and Singh V. (2011): Environmental noise pollution monitoring and impacts on human health in Dehradun city, Uttarakhand, India Civil and environmental research, vol. 1, no. 1, 2011

ABSTRACT: A fractal is a shape that, when looked at a small part of it, has a similar, but not necessarily identical, appearance to the full shape. Hence, enlarging a smaller portion of the shape will provide iteration in the larger image. Therefore, the use of fractals and fractal-like forms to describe or model the universe has had a long and varied history, which begins long before the word fractal was actually coined. In physical cosmology, fractal cosmology is a set of minority cosmological theories which state that the distribution of matter in the Universe, or the structure of the universe itself, is a fractal across a wide range of scales. More generally, it relates to the usage or appearance of fractals in the study of the universe and matter. A central issue in this field is the fractal dimension of the universe or of matter distribution within it, when measured at very large or very small scales. Hence, since the introduction of mathematical...........

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[4]. Hogg, David W.; Eisenstein, Daniel J.; Blanton, Michael R.; Bahcall, Neta A.; Brinkmann, J.; Gunn, James E.; Schneider, Donald P. (2005). "Cosmic homogeneity demonstrated with luminous red galaxies". The Astrophysical Journal. 624 (1): 54–58
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ABSTRACT:The frequency and temperature dependence of complex permeability (μ*) and magnetic loss factor (tanδ) of the series Ni1-xMgxFe2O4 have been presented in this work. The frequency dependent initial permeability for all the samples remains unchanged below 20 MHz which increases with increasing Mg content and becomes a maximum at around 60 MHz for MgFe2O4. The value of Curie temperature is found from the temperature dependence of initial permeability at constant frequency value of 100 kHz, which decreases with increasing Mg content. The temperature dependent initial permeability remains constant up to 400oC, which decreases with increasing Mg content......

Keyword: Ni-Mg ferrites; Complex permeability; Magnetic loss factor; Frequency and temperature dependence

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ABSTRACT: A tube, the bore of which is so small that it will only admit a hair (Latin Capilla) is called a capillary tube. When such a tube of glass is placed vertically with its lower end immerged in water, the water is observed to rise in the tube. The action between the capillary tube and the water has been called capillary action. The rise or fall of a liquid into a capillary tube having bore of circular cross section is well established. But, what if the cross section is not circular? Here an attempt is taken to calculate the rise or fall of a liquid into a capillary tube having bore of rectangular cross section.n.

[1]. Francis Weston sears, Mechanics, wave motion and heat, p-379.
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[3]. J.C. Maxwell, Capillary action, Encyclopaedia Britannica, 9th Ed., Vol. 5, L. Hall, New York (1878.)
[4]. Oxford dictionary of physics, 5th edition, p-61.
[5]. Francis Weston sears, Mechanics, wave motion and heat, p-380.

ABSTRACT: Crystals are the unacknowledged pillars of modern technology. It is an interdisciplinary subject covering physics, chemistry, materials science, chemical engineering, metallurgy, crystallography, mineralogy etc. In the past few decades, there has been a growing interest on crystal growth processes, particularly in view of the increasing demand of materials for technological applications. Among different crystals ammonium dihydrogen phosphate (ADP) has gained considerable importance because of its nonlinear, ferroelectric, piezoelectric and electro-optical properties. In this research work, study the effect of KCl on ADP single crystals both pure and KCl doped (dopant 0.10M, 0.15M) ADP single crystals are grown successfully from aqueous solution by slow evaporation technique. The optical properties of both pure and KCl doped ADP are measured by UV-Visible transmittance spectra. The thermal properties of both pure and KCl doped ADP crystals are investigated by thermo gravimetric.....

Key words: Slow evaporation, Crystallization, UV-Visible spectra and TGA.

[1]. H.O Marcy, L. F. Warren, M. S Webb, C. A. Ebbers, S. P. Velsko, G. C Kennedy and G. C Catella, Applied Optics, Vol. 31, No.24, 1992, pp5051-5060. Doi: 10.1364/AO.31.005051
[2]. Y. J. Ding, X. Mu and X. Gu, Nonlinear Optical Physics and Materials, vol. 9 No.1, 2000 p 21.
[3]. X. Q. Wang, Xu. D. R. Yuan, Material Research Bulletin, Vol.34 No. 12-13 1999, pp2003-2011.
[4]. L. Li, Z.P Wang, G.R Tian, X.Y. Song and S. X. Sun, journal of crystal Growth Vol. 310, No, 6, 2008, pp1202-1205.
[5]. G. Pasupathi and P. Philominathan, Material letters, Vol62, No.28, 2008, pp4386-4388..

ABSTRACT: This study is about the reinterpretation of aeromagnetic geophysical data, acquired in 1976. These data allowed the mapping of regional tectonic accidents of the Precambrian basement of the South of Haut-Sassandra (Central-West of Côte d'Ivoire). The methodology used is based on fracture extraction, based on the analysis of aeromagnetic geophysical data. The results make it possible to identify geomagnetic anomalies oriented preferentially NE-SW. The mapped major tectonic accidents intersect this direction and are oriented mainly NW-SE (N120 ° to N150 °). Like these fractures, there are dextral and senestral Geological faults. The geometric properties of the highlighted tectonic accidents according to those of the fractures of the geological map of the study area.....

Key words: Geophysical, aeromagnetic, fractures, dextral and senestral geological faults, Côte d'Ivoire

[1]. E. Thomas, B. Mougin, N. Debéglia et J. Perrin, Apports des levés géophysiques aéroportées à la recherche et la protection des ressources en eau : Application à la région du Léon (Finistère). Étude réalisée dans le cadre des opérations de service public du BRGM, 2002-PIR-222, 2002.
[2]. P. Sonnendrucker, Description géologique de la coupure Daloa 1d à 1/50 000. Synthèse des travaux antérieurs, SODEMI, 1964.
[3]. H. Bonnot, Rapport de fin de levé géologique du demi-degré carré nord de Daloa ; partie située à l'Est de la rivière Lobo à 1/ 200 000. Abidjan : Direction de la géologie, 1985 27 p.
[4]. R. Ligban, Caractérisation hydrogéologique et origine des eaux de sources naturelles dans le degré carré de Daloa (Centre-Ouest ; Côte d'Ivoire), Thèse de doctorat, Université Nangui Abrogoua, (Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire), 2013.
[5]. S. P. Djroh, Études géophysique et géologique du gisement cupronickelifère a platinoïde de Samapleu. Essai de modélisation 3d par interprétation des données magnétiques et électriques, Thèse de Doctorat 3ème cycle, Université de Cocody, Abidjan (Côte d'Ivoire), 2014.

ABSTRACT: In view of the current trend in ICT evolution with incessant usage of web and other online services, copying, sharing, storing and transmitting information is by far done through digital media. It is no surprise that countless methods of protecting such data have evolved, but the greatest disadvantage in digital text transmission is the fact that inestimable digital copies of the data/file can be made and is liable of tainted. This leads to the global problem of copyright protection, copy protection and content authentication. This work critically examines information hiding techniques of text document and their consequences. Various watermarking system properties and text steganography techniques characteristics were also highlighted coupled with different types of attacks and their possible defenses. The relative analytical method of data conversion from qualitative data to quantitative data was applied and finally the work was concluded by examining text as an essential media of information transfer which needs complete protection..

Key words: Watermarking, Steganography, Attack, Text document image, ICT, etc.

[1]. Abdullah M, Wahab F. Key based text watermarkingof e-text documents in an object based environmentusing z-axis for watermark embedding. WorldAcademy of Science 2008.
[2]. Al-Haj AM. Advanced techniques in multimedia watermarking: image, video and audio applications: image, video and audio applications: IGI Global. 2010
[3]. Atallah MJ, Mcdonough CJ, Raskin V, Nirenburg S. Natural language processing for information assurance and security: an overview and implementations. Proceedings of The 2000 Workshop on New Security Paradigms: ACM. 2001; 51–65.
[4]. Ahmad AM, Sulong G, Rehman A, Alkawaz MH, Saba T. Data hiding based on improved exploiting modification direction method and Huffman coding, Journal of Intelligent Systems 2014; 23(4): 451–459. doi. 10.1515/jisys-2014-0007
[5]. Bashardoost M, Rahim MSM, Hadipour N. A novel zero-watermarking scheme for text document authentication. Journal Teknologi 2015; 75(4): 49–56..

ABSTRACT: Expectations for the variety of actual properties of nanomaterials have involved incredible discussion in late many years. Various specialists have announced uncommon changes in the actual properties of metals at their nanoscale. In the current work, we have concentrated on the Debye temperature of round nano strong, nanowire and nanofilms of Aluminum (Al), Copper (Cu), Palladium (Pd), and Platinum (Pt) having their sizes under 30 nm. For calculation, we have thought about the central connection of durable energy with a softening point. During our review, it is found that there is an uncommon change in the Debye temperature of round nano strong, nanowire and nanofilms of metals under 20 nm..................

Key words: Debye, Nanoparticles

[1]. Poole P. Charles, Frank Jr., Owens J., 2008, Introduction to Nanotechnology, 2 nd Edition, John Wiley and Sons, UCC Press, Delhi India.
[2]. Pandey B. K., 2016, "Equation of State for the Compression of Nanocrystalline Anatase TiO2" Der Pharma Chemica, 8(18), pp.163-167.
[3]. Kittel C., 2008, Introduction to Solid State Physics, 7 th Edition, John Wiley and Sons, Sonepat Haryana, India.
[4]. Xiong Shiyun, Qi Weihong, Cheng Yajuan, Huang Baiyun, Wangand Mingpu, Li Yejun, 2011, "Modeling size effects on the surface free energy of metallic nanoparticles and nanocavities" Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 13, pp. 10652-10660.
[5]. Bhatt J. C. & Kholiya K., 2014, "Effect of size on the elastic and thermodynamic properties of nanomaterials", Indian Journal of Pure & Applied Physics, 52, pp. 604-608.