IOSR-JAP   Volume-6 ~ Issue-4 ~ July-August 2014

ABSTRACT: Hematological parameters are repeatedly used as an essential tool to assess the health condition of fish. The purpose of this study was to assess the reference values of some hematological parameters of Catla, catla catla collected from fresh water pond in a tropical climate of India from July 2011 to 2013. Variation in hematological parameters such as hemoglobin, erythrocyte count, total leucocytes count, hematocrit, mean corpuscular volume (MCV) and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) of fish were compared according to sex and seasonal differences. Analysis of variance showed that there were significant differences between sexes and the results indicated that the blood parameter levels between the sexes in summer were significantly different than that measure in other seasons except mean corpuscular hemoglobin(MCH) and (MCHC) value (P <0.05). The number of total leukocyte levels was found to be higher in female fish especially in breeding seasons, but the levels of hemoglobin, hematocrit and MCV values were high in male fish in an annual period. However, there was no difference in MCH and MCHC values between the sexes and seasons throughout the study period. These may be related to the seasons of sampling and changing physiological cycles during these months. The correlation between measured hematological parameters was also determined.

Key words: Seasonal Variations- Hematology-Catla catla Reference Values,

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ABSTRACT: Praseodymium and yttrium in equal compositions was doped in lead titanate having general formula Pb1-xPrxTi1-yYyO3 where x (praseodymium) = y (yttrium) = 0.02, 0.04, 0.06 and 0.08. These four compositions were synthesized by solid state reaction technique. X-ray diffraction analysis confirms single phase formation with perovskite structure having tetragonal phase. Microstructural analysis shows formation of dense microstructure with grain size in the range of 0.38 – 0.54μm. Dielectric behavior as a function of temperature gave the value of Curie temperature. The diffusivity in the dielectric behavior was observed in three different compositions. Piezoelectric coefficient d33 showed an increasing trend with increase in compositions of the substituent. The ferroelectric properties were studied at room temperature as a function of composition. The value of remnant polarization (Pr), spontaneous polarization (Ps) and coercive field was determined.

Keywords: Ceramics, Dielectric, Ferroelectric, Lead titanate, Solid State Reaction

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ABSTRACT: Os supranaviculare or Pirie's bone is located on the dorsal aspect of the talonavicular joint at midpoint of foot. This rare incidental skeletal variant when symptomatic often misdiagnosed as avulsion fracture of navicular or talar head. We report a rare case of symptomatic os supranaviculare in a 27 year old football player who had fall from bike in recent past presented with dorsal foot pain and swelling since 4 months. Magnetic resonance imaging findings in right foot illustrated well corticated ossicle dorsal to talonavicular joint with surrounding soft tissue swelling. Brief discussion on differentiating it from avulsion fracture, differential diagnosis of dorsal foot pain and treatment options was made in our case report.

Key Words: Dorsal foot pain, Os supranaviculare, Pirie bone, Football player

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ABSTRACT: Nickel Oxide doped silica glass with nominal composition (Sio2)1-x:(Nio)x (mol%) is prepared using the sol–gel method. and characterized by various analytical technique. The structure has been examined using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and show average grin size of the Nio nanoparticles 5.55 nm to 9.04. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electronic microscopy (SEM). Transmission electron(TEM) average nanoparticles size (1.44–7.92 nm). . Measurements of the a.c. conductivities and dielectric constant, with frequency, respectively, for nano glasses:(SiO2)1-x : (NiO)x have been made on the glassy system, , in the temperature range 300-500 K and in the frequency range 100 Hz to 100 kHz. we have found. The a.c. conductivity increase with increase frequency .UV-visible measurements found the optical band gap (Eg) approx 0.49 ev. The coercivity values Hc ,the magnetization Ms and the remanence values Mr and the reduced remanence Mr/Ms obtained from the hysteresis loops From these data, it was found that the saturation magnetization for Nio increases, while the coercive field values decrease, by increasing Nio content.

Key words: Nanocomposite , nickel oxide, optical properties, dielecrtic

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ABSTRACT: This paper presents a mathematical model of the Collect and Discharge Tank unit of the rain driven hydro power generator currently being designed using the University of Port Harcourt's faculty of science building at Ofrima, Abuja Campus. The model revealed that over 2.0KW of power can be generated using rain water collected from the building, and that a minimum of 3,751 gallons storage capacity tank is needed to make sure that the unused water accumulated from a 0.6 inches per hour of rainfall is effectively stored if rainfall lasts for 33.33 minutes. This means that for the tank to effectively serve its purpose when rainfall at the rate of 0.6 inches per hour lasts for over 33.33 minutes, a larger capacity size of tank is needed, or the hydro power generating system is redesigned to generate power greater than 2.0KW.

Keywords: collect and discharge tank, hydro power generator, mathematical model, rainfall, uniport

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ABSTRACT: This study was conducted to investigate the effects of variable viscousity on boundary layer flow with convective surface boundary condition. The governing equations were transformed into a system of ordinary differential equations by using similarity variable. The system of ordinary differential equations were solved numerically by using the sixth-order Runge-kutta integration scheme with a modified version of the Newton-Raphson shooting method.The results were presented graphically, skin friction and Nusselt number were tabulated.
Keywords: Boundary layer flow, Convective boundary condition, Flat Plate and Variable viscousity

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ABSTRACT: PbO–As2O3 glasses mixed with different concentrations of Fe2O3 (ranging from 0 to 0.5mol%) were crystallized. The samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) techniques. Studies were extended to optical absorption, . The X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopic studies reveal the presence of PbFe4(As5O11)2, Fe2PbAs2O6 crystal phases. The optical absorption studies together with ESR measurements indicated the dominant presence of iron ions in the trivalent state when the concentration of nucleating agent Fe2O3 is less than 0.3mol%.

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ABSTRACT: Barium titanate, BaTiO3 nanoparticles powders were prepared by Sol-Gel Method . The hydrolysis of complex alkoxide precursor that was prepared in a reflux of metallic barium and tetraethylorthotitanate in solvent. The hydrolysis was performed by the addition of water/ethanol solution to the precursor solution. The laser diode Beam with 1000 mW are applied vertically on the center of refluxed row materials to obtain two types of samples one before the irradiation by laser beam and the other after. The two types of samples were annealed at 1000°C for different annealing time ( 2 ,4,6,8 hours ) . the crystallite size was determined with X-ray diffractometry for all samples after and before the laser irradiation .

Keywords: Laser beam , Barium titanate, Nanocrparticles, Sol-Gel, particle size.

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ABSTRACT: In this paper, the effects of MWNT loading, surface functionalization on the mechanical and thermal properties of an epoxy based nanocomposite system were investigated. Chemical functionalization of MWCNT by sonicating with nitric and sulfuric acids, was used to fabricate a MWNT/epoxy composite. There are two reasons for functionalizing the MWNTs, they are (i) to improve the dispersion of the MWNTs in polymer, and (ii) to improve the interfacial bonding properties between the MWNTs and polymer matrix. Tensile property test and thermal conductivity test was carried out to examine the mechanical and thermal properties of the composites with different MWNT contents(0,0.03,0.05,0.1,0.2,and 0.3 Vp%). A comparison of the composites with functionalized (f-CNT) and un-functionalized(u-CNT) MWNTs were given to elaborate the effect of nanotube functionalization.

Keywords: Carbon nanotube, Functionalization, Composite, Mechanical properties, thermal properties.

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ABSTRACT: In this study, dielectric properties of nanocomposites of epoxy as a based and multi walled carbon nanotubes before and after functionalization u-CNTs ,f-CNTs respectively as a reinforced materials have been investigated. The solution processing with help of acetone as a solvent have been used to fabricate u-CNTs/epoxy composites, while functionalized MWCNTs with nitric and sulfuric acids used to fabricate f-CNT/epoxy composite with volume fraction(0.0, 0.1 and 0.2) Vp % of CNTs. The effects of u-MWNT and f-MWNT with volume fraction loading on dielectric properties (dielectric constant, dielectric loss and impedance) as a function of the frequency (102 - 5x106 Hz) at room temperature of an epoxy based nanocomposite system were investigated. The studies showed that dielectric constant, dielectric loss and impedance increased with CNT loading and decreased with frequency increasing. And f-CNT/epoxy composite shows a significant improvement in the dielectric properties when compared with pure epoxy and u-CNTs composites.

Keywords: polymer composites, carbon nanotubes, epoxy, functionalization, dielectric properties.

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ABSTRACT: This paper concentrates upon the behavior of SVC (Static VAR Compensator) to improve the efficiency of transmission line. The functional structure for SVC built with a TCR (Thyristor controlled Reactor) & TSC (Thyristor Switched Capacitor) & its model are described. The model is based on regulating voltage by controlling the amount of reactive power injected into or absorbed from the power system. The reactive power is injected or absorbed by controlling the firing angle of TSC or TCR respectively. MATLAB is used to carry out simulations of the system under study and results are shown to approach the behavior of SVC to improve the efficiency of transmission line.

Keywords: SVC, Thyristor, Transmission line, Simulations, Reactive power

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