IOSR-JAVS   Volume-11 ~ Issue-11 ~ NOV-2018

ABSTRACT: Risk assessment is a part of risk analysis but sadly not all personnel associated with the animal health are able to do so. The research aimed to develop a generic rabies entry assessment application with semi-quantitative approach. Rabies entry assessment used the standard risk analysis in the Terrestrial Animal Health Code, World Organization of Animal Health (OIE) with a semi-quantitative approach following to Biosecurity Australia. Methods of development entry assessment were conducted by literature review, field observation, as well as expert opinion in animal health.This application used Microsoft Excel 2010 with added @RISK software. This application consisted of six (6) nodes with eighteen (18) questions. The result of questionnaires showed that application were helpful the risk assessment (100%), easy to used (87%), would be applied in their institution (70%), and easy to understood the questions and answers (100%).

Key words: Assesment, dog, entry, rabies, semi-quantitative

[1]. World Organization of Animal Health (OIE), Rabies :Infection With Rabies Virus And Other Lyssaviruses, 2018.
[2]. D. K. Nugroho, D. Ik, S. Tum, and L. Schoonman, Analysis of Rabies Surveillance Data ( 2008-2011 ) in Bali Province , Indonesia, Osir, 6(2), 2013, 8–12.
[3]. Directorate general of Animal Husbandry and Animal Health, National Policy and Roadmap for the Eradication of Rabies, 2018.
[4]. M. P. Ward, Rabies in the Dutch East Indies a century ago – A spatio-temporal case study in disease emergence, Prev. Vet. Med., 114(1), 2014, 11-20.
[5]. C. J. de Vos, M. Hoek, E. Fischer, A. De Koeijer, and J. Bremmer, Risk Assessment Framework for Emerging Vector-Borne Livestock Diseases, 2011. Pp5...

ABSTRACT: The in vitro gas production parameters and gas production characteristics of six silage types (T1 – T6) from chopped green maize stover (CGMS) and Chopped dry maize stover (CDMS) ensiled with or without ground dried cassava peels GCP) or dried poultry litter DPL) were assessed using the gas production technique. The chemical composition of the silages was also analyzed. Crude protein (CP) was highest (11.94%) in T3 (CGMS + 36% w/w DPL) and lowest (5.06%) in T5 (5.06%). Nitrogen free extract (NFE) ranged from 52.02% in T3 (CGMS + 36% w/w DPL) to 63.78% in T5 (CDMS + 5% w/w GCP). In vitro gas production volume (IVGP), organic matter digestibility (OMD %), metabolizable energy (ME), methane (CH4) and short chain fatty acid (SCFA) were not significantly (P > 0.05) different among the silages but dry matter degradability (DMD %) significantly differ........ .

Keywords: in vitro, gas production characteristics

[1]. Thornton, P.K.. (2010). Livestock Production: Recent Trends, Future Prospects, In: Charles, H., Godfray, J., John, R.B., Crute, I.R., Haddad, L., Lawrence, D., Muir, J.P., Robinson, S. and Toulmin, C. (Eds), (2010) "Food Security: Feeding the World in 2050" Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, B series, Biological Sciences. 365 (1554): 2853–2867 doi: 10.1098/rstb.2010.0134
[2]. Waje, S.H., Singh, S.K. and Vishal M. (2010) Effect of using forest grass based complete rations on growth and nutrient utilization in growing crossbred calves. Animal Nutrition and Feed Technology, 10: 229-234
[3]. Dhuria, R.K, Sharma, T. and Purohit, G.R. (2011) Effect of densification of gram straw based complete feed on rumen and haemato-biochemical parameters in Magra lambs. Animal Nutrition and Feed Technology 11: 133-141
[4]. Jordaan, J.D. (2004). The Influence of Bedding Material and Collection Period on the Feeding Value of Broiler and Layer Litter, M.Sc. Thesis, University of Free State, South Africa. 84pp.
[5]. Moran, J. (2005). Making Quality Silage, In: Tropical Dairy Farming: Feeding management for smallholder dairy farmers in the humid tropics. Landlinks Press, pp 83-97 ..

ABSTRACT: Snail is mainly sourced from wild and supplied by those who search wild for it despite the risk associated with wild searching for snails. This study therefore assessed risk of wild search for snails in Southern ecological zone of Edo State. Questionnaire was administered through interview schedule to simple randomly selected 120 wild searchers for snail in the study areas. The result showsthat searcher of wild for snail were of the age range of 21-30 years (52.5%), most (88.0%) of them sourced snails from the wild at night (82.5%) time which all the respondents perceived dangerous. All respondents (100%) were not satisfied with the income from wild search for snail. Thereis positive significant correlation between age (p<0.05), marital status (p<0.01) and wild search for snails on one hand and negative significant........

Keywords: Wild search, snail, risk, satisfaction, Southern, Edo State

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