Series-2 (Jan-Feb 2019)
- Citation
- Abstract
- Reference
- Full PDF
- Download Cover Page
| Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
| Title | : | Rapid Ultra High Performance Liquid Chromatography–Tandem Mass Spectrometry Method for Quantification of Ethacrynic Acidin Human Plasma |
| Country | : | India |
| Authors | : | Smith Christian || Rashmikant Patel || Shivprakash |
 |
: | 10.9790/264X-04010111  |
Abstract: sensitive and high throughput high performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC–MS/MS) method has been developed for the determination of ethacrynic in human plasma. Sample preparation involved liquid–liquid extraction for ethacrynic and ethacrynic D5 as the internal standard (IS) in ethyl acetate from 200 μL human plasma. The chromatographic separation is achieved on a shimadzu HPLC and Gemini-NX 5μ C18 110 A° (50 X 4.6, mm) analytical column using an isocratic mobile phase, consisting of 0.1 % formic acid in water–acetonitrile (30:70, v/v). Detection was carried out on a tandem mass spectrometer inmultiple reaction monitoring mode using a negative electro pressure ionization interface.The method has been validated in linear range of 4.997-1000.283 ng/mL. The method is rugged and rapid with a total run time of 3.0 min and is applied to a bioequivalence study of 25 mg tablet formulation in 48 healthy Indian male subjects under fasting condition.
Key words:Ethacrynic Acid, HPLC–MS/MS, Electrospray ionization, Bioequivalence, Human plasma.
[1]. Pilar Campins-Falco, Rosa Herraez-Hemlndez and Adela Sevillano-Cabeza. On-line trace enrichment for the determination of ethacrynic acid in urine by liquid chromatography and column-switching. AnalyticaChimica Acta1993; 67-71: 284
[2]. Schultz, E.M., Cragoe, E. J., Bicking, J. B., Bulhofer, W.A., and Sprague, J.M. Alpha, beta-unsaturated ketone derivatives of aryloxyacetic acids, new class of diuretics. J. M. Pharm. Chem 1962; 5: 660.
[3]. J.G. Hardman, L.E. Limbird, Goodman and Gilman's. The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, Ninth ed. McGraw-Hill, New York 1996.
[4]. Voith B, Spahn-Langguth H, Mutschler E. New specific and sensitive HPLC-assays for ethacrynic acid and its main metabolite--the cysteine conjugate--in biological material. J.Pharm Biomed Anal 1995 Oct; 13(11): 1373-82.
[5]. Pilar Campins-Falco, Rosa Herraez-Hermindez and Adela Sevillano-Cabeza. Sensitive determination of ethacrynic acid in urine samples by reversed-phase liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detection using solid-phase extraction techniques for sample clean-up. AnalyticaChimica Acta 1992; 270: 39-44.
- Citation
- Abstract
- Reference
- Full PDF
| Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
| Title | : | An Interrelationship betweenNt Pro-Bnp Level, Glycemic Control And Myocardial Ischemia in Type 2 Diabetes Without Overt Cardiac Disease |
| Country | : | India |
| Authors | : | Dr.Anuva Mishra || Dr.SangeetaSanghamitraBhanja |
|
: | 10.9790/264X-04011216 |
Abstract: Cardiovascular complications are the most important cause of mortality and morbidity in diabetic patients and are responsible for nearly 75% of deaths from diabetes.[1,2]Heart failure is encountered twice as often in diabetic men, and five times more often in diabetic women, compared to non-diabetic individuals which is a preventable cause of morbidity and mortality if timely diagnosis can be made.Heart is considered an endocrine organ that releases many hormones including four types of Natriuretic peptides out of which ANP and BNP are predominately released from heart.BNP- is a peptide hormone synthesized largely by myocytes in response to myocardial stretch, in the form of pre-pro-BNP (134 amino acids). It is cleaved to pro-BNP (108 amino acids), and then proteolyzed by serine endopeptidasescorin and furin to active C-terminal 32 aa BNP and inactive 76aa N-Terminal-pro-BNP. NT-pro BNP level increases in the presence of both symptomatic and asymptomatic left ventricular dysfunction...........
Key words: Seasonal Variation, Water Quality, Habitat, Aquatic Biodiversity and Sundarbans Mangrove Forest..
[1]. Witteles RM, Fowler MB. Insulin-resistant cardiomyopathy clinical evidence, mechanisms, and treatment options.J Am CollCardiol.51(2), 2008,93–102.
[2]. Roger VL, et al. Heart disease and stroke statistics--2011 update: a report from the American Heart Association. Circulation.123(4),2011,e18–e209.
[3]. Magnusson M, Melander O, Israelsson B, Grubb A, Groop L, Jovinge S: Elevated plasma levels of Nt-proBNP in patients with type 2 diabetes without overt cardiovascular disease. Diabetes Care. 27(8).2004 Aug,1929-35.
[4]. Stamler J, Vaccaro O, Neaton JD, Wentworth D. Diabetes, other risk factors and 12 yr cardiovascular mortality for men screened in the Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial. Diabetes Care 1993; 16;434-444.
[5]. Wang TJ, Larson MG, Levy D, Benjamin EJ, Leip EP, Omland T, Wolf PA,Vasan RS. Plasma natriuretic peptide levels and the risk of cardiovascular events and death. N Engl J Med 2004; 350: 655–663...
- Citation
- Abstract
- Reference
- Full PDF
| Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
| Title | : | Generating Cyan Fluorescent Protein (CFP) From Green Fluorescent Protein (GFPUV) By Y66w Mutation |
| Country | : | Nigeria |
| Authors | : | Anakaa, T.M || Emediong, N. E || Gloria, O. O |
|
: | 10.9790/264X-04011719 |
Abstract: This work seeks to generate CFP from GFPuv by Y66W mutation. Specific objectives include site directed mutagenesis on GFPuv and sequence alignment of generated CFP with wild type GFPuv and fluorimetry studies of CFP in relation to GFPuv. Several approaches that include plasmid digestion and GFPuv ligation, colony PCR,super-competent cell transformation, sequencing, sequence alignment, Ni-NTA chromatographic purification and fluorimetry were employed. Results show that GFPuv was successfully mutated to CFP as indicated on position 65 – 67 of aligned sequence thus, a clear confirmation that Y66W mutation in GFPuv generates CFP. Fluorimetry report 22.5nm difference in peak fluorescence between the proteins implying there was a stock shift..
Key words: CFP, Generating, GFPuv and Y66W mutation.
[1]. M. Zimmer, Green fluorescent protein (GFP): Applications, structure, and related photophysical behavior, Chemical Reviews, 102(3), 2002, 759 -781.
[2]. R.Y. Tsien, The green fluorescent protein. The Biochemical journal , 67, 1998, 509 - 544.
[3]. M. Zimmer, GFP: from jellyfish to the Nobel prize and beyond, Chemical Society reviews, 38(10), 2009, 2823 -2832.
[4]. S.G. Olenych, N.S. Claxton, G.K. Ottenberg, and M.W. Davidson, The fluorescent protein color palette, Current protocols incell biology, 21, 2007, 21.5.
[5]. H. Ai, J.N. Henderson, S.J. Remington, and R.E. Campbell, Directed evolution of a monomeric, bright and photostable version of Clavularia cyan fluorescent protein: structural characterization and applications in fluorescence imaging, The Biochemical journal, 400(3), 2006, 531 - 540..
- Citation
- Abstract
- Reference
- Full PDF
| Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
| Title | : | Genotype- Phenotype correlations of Leptin receptor gene in Polycystic ovarian disease (PCOS) |
| Country | : | India |
| Authors | : | K Sampurna || B Ramesh || B Rajesh || S Madhavi || S Parveen || PRK Bhargav || N Vimala devi || KB Gayathri |
|
: | 10.9790/264X-04012027 |
Abstract: Introduction: Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is one of the commonest endocrine disorder amongst women of reproductive age group. Polymorphisms in the in the Leptin receptor gene (LEPR) have been associated various related diseases ranging to Obesity, PCOS and infertility. In this context, we evaluated association between PCOS and LEPR 668 A/G polymorphism. Material and methods: This is inter-disciplinary study conducted by collaboration between a tertiary care endocrinology hospital, biochemistry department of a teaching medical institute and genetics lab. In this prospective study involving 100 PCOS patients with 100 age matched controls, we employed 1 set of primer and screened the known single nucleotide polymorphism LEPR gene. Apart from qualitative and quantitative evaluation, linkage disequilibrium, multifactor dimensionality reduction analysis and In-silico analysis were performed...........
Key words: PCOS; Rotterdam criteria; TNF-alpha; Cytokines; Infertility.
[1]. SK.Agarwal, k.Vogel, SR.Weitsman, DA.Magoffin, Leptin antagonizes the insulin-like growth factor-i Augmentation of Steroidogenesis in Granulosa and Theca cells of the human Ovary1. The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism, 84 (3), 1999, 1072–1076.
[2]. Amato G, Serum and follicular fluid cytokines in polycystic ovary syndrome during stimulated cycles, Obstetrics & Gynecology, 101(6), 2003, 1177–1182.
[3]. R.Azziz, KS.Woods, R.Reyna, TJ.Key, ES.Knochenhauer, Yildiz BO, The prevalence and features of the polycystic ovarysyndrome in an unselected population, J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 89: 2004, 2745-2749. [4]. SM.Bhattacharya, M.Ghosh, Insulin resistance and adolescent girls with polycystic ovary syndrome, J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol, 23, 2010, 158–161.
[5]. A.Biason-Lauber, M. Zachmann, EJ.Schoenle, Effect of Leptin on CYP17 enzymatic activities in human adrenal cells, Endocrinology, 141 (4), 2000, 1446–1454..
- Citation
- Abstract
- Reference
- Full PDF
| Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
| Title | : | Practices of Hygiene, Sanitation and Water Supply: A Study of Medinipur District (Wb) |
| Country | : | India |
| Authors | : | Santanu Bera || Dr. Pushpendra Sharma |
|
: | 10.9790/264X-04012831 |
Abstract: Schools are the most vital spots of learning for children after family. The students have a focal place in the community. Schools are energizing learning situations for children and start change to society. On the off chance that sanitation offices in schools wind up noticeably accessible, students can assume an essential part. They can go about as models, and educators can work as good examples. Schools may likewise impact communities of the individual zone through exceptional exercises, through their students. Schools are in a connection with a huge extent of the families in a community in a nation (UNICEF, 1993). This examination paper is intended to evaluate the elements which are affecting sanitation practice and hygiene behavior among school children. This investigation likewise concentrates on contrasting the hygiene rehearses among the school offspring of provincial zones in Medinipur.
Key words: Hygiene, Sanitation & Water Supply Etc.
[1]. Chant R (2008) The role of water, hygiene and sanitation in neonatal mortality [MSc disserta-tion]. London: London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine.
[2]. Cairncross S, Kolsky PJ (1997) Letter: water, waste and well-being. American J Epidemiol 146: 359–360.
[3]. Jenny T. Grönwall, Martin Mulenga and Gordon McGranahan (2010), IIED Human Settlements Working Paper Series 26
[4]. Kanton I. Osumanu, Lukman Abdul-Rahim, Jacob Songsore, Farouk R. Braimah and Martin Mulenga (2010), IIED Human Settlements Working Paper Series 24
[5]. Hutton G, Haller L (2004).Evaluation of the Costs and Benefits of Water and Sanitation Improvements at the Global Level. World Health Organization, Geneva.
- Citation
- Abstract
- Reference
- Full PDF
| Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
| Title | : | Purification and Characterization of Cellulase enzyme from Trichoderma longibrachiatum isolated in Iraqi soil |
| Country | : | Iraq |
| Authors | : | Noor.T.Hamdan || Hameed M. Jasim |
|
: | 10.9790/264X-04013241 |
Abstract: Cellulase produced by Trichoderma longibrachiatum was purified throughout four purification steps includes ammonium sulfate precipitation step with a saturation ratio of 80% then dialysis step followed by purification with ion exchange chromatography by using DEAE-cellulose, and then gel filtration step throughout sephadex-G200 which allows larger ability of separation with high degree of purification. Results of purification showed that the specific activity of the purified enzyme was 6680.8 U/mg protein with a purification fold and yield of 9.69 and 68.8% respectively. Purified cellulase from Trichoderma longibrachiatum was well characterized by studying some enzyme characteristics. Results showed that the molecular weight of cellulase was 17782 kilodalton; pH 4 was the optimum for enzyme activity and stability, while 40 ºC was also the optimum for enzyme activity and stability.
Key words: Cellulase, Characterization ,Purification, Trichoderma longibrachiatum.
[1]. .Abdul-hadi, S. Y., Al-saffar, F. A., and Al-bayyar, A. H. 2016. Purification and characterization of cellulase from Trichoderma reesei. Journal of Gene c and Environmental Resources Conserva on, 4(3): 230–236.
[2]. Atanasova, L., LeCromS Gruber, S., and Coulpier, F. 2013. Comparative transcriptomics reveals different strategies of Trichoderma mycoparasitism. BMC Genomics 14:121-127.
[3]. Azimova, N.Sh., Khamidov, D.M., Djumagulov, M.B. and Shakirov, Z.S. 2016. Purification and Some Properties of Endo-1,4-β-Glucanases of Trichoderma harzianum UzCF-28. Open Journal of Applied Sciences, 6:514-523.
[4]. Bhikhabhai, R., Johansson, G., and Pettersson, G. 1984. Isolation of cellulolytic enzymes from Trichoderma reesei QM 9414. J Appl Biochem ,6: 336-345.
[5]. Bradford, M. M. 1976. A rapid and sensitive method for the quantitation of microgram quantities of protein utilizing the principle of Protein-Dye Binding. Analy. Biochem., 72: 248-254.
- Citation
- Abstract
- Reference
- Full PDF
| Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
| Title | : | Analysis of Common Gene Expression Pattern From Human Tuberculosis Microarray Data In The R Pakage |
| Country | : | Nigeria |
| Authors | : | Umar Shittu || Muhammad Yahaya || Sunusi Liadi || Maryam S. A. || Umma Sada |
|
: | 10.9790/264X-04014247 |
Abstract: Microarray is a collection of microscopic samples commonly from nucleic acids (RNA and DNA) which can be probed with target molecules to produce either gene expression or diagnostic data. Tuberculosis is a bacterial infection usually occurred in human and animal bodies caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, this bacteria usually infect the lungs, but it can infect other parts of the body of an organism. The aim of this study is to process the raw data and determine common expression pattern using some tools available for analyzing human TB microarray gene expression data in the Bioconductor R package. The control stimulated samples with phosphate buffer saline (PBS) and experimental unstimulated samples of three different clinical forms of human TB microarray gene expression data...............
Key words: Human tuberculosis, Microarray and Bioconductor R package
[1]. Jarno Tuimala (2008). DNA microarray data analysis using Bioconductor. CSC, the Finnish IT centre for Science, CSC – IT Center for Science Ltd. 2008 ISBN 978-9525520-34-7http://www.csc.fi/oppaat/R.
[2]. Kaufmann S. H. E. (2002). "Protection against tuberculosis: cytokines, T cells, and Macrophages". Department of Immunology, Schumannstrasse 21-22, D-10117 Berlin, Germany. PMCID: PMC1766701.
[3]. Miller M. B., Tang Y. W. (2009). "Basic concepts of microarrays and potential Applications in clinical microbiology".Clinical Microbiology Review, v.22 (4); PMC2772365.
[4]. Nguyen T. Thuong, Sarah J. D., Tran H C., Vesteinn T., Cameron P. S., Nguyen T H. Guy E. T., Nguyen T. N., Martin H, Yik Y. T., Mark S., Alan A., Jeremy J. F., and Thomas R. H (2008). "Identification of Tuberculosis Susceptibility Genes with Human Macrophage Gene Expression Profiles". PLoS Pathog. Published online Dec 5,2008. Doi: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1000229PMCID: PMC2585058.
[5]. Wilson CL, SD Pepper, Y Hey, and CJ Miller (2004). Amplification protocols Introduce systematic but reproducible errors into gene expression studies. Biotechniques, 36:498–506, 2004..
- Citation
- Abstract
- Reference
- Full PDF
| Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
| Title | : | Fingerprinting and Assessing Relatedness of Selected Rice (Oryza Sativa) Genotypes in Kenya |
| Country | : | Kenya |
| Authors | : | S.A.Henga || G.Muriira || J.M.Njiru || W.M.Thagana || M.W. Githendu |
|
: | 10.9790/264X-04014851 |
Abstract: Rice is becoming an important food and cash crop in East Africa and is second to maize in terms of consumption. Genetic markers are very useful in managing germplasm and are greatly applied in biotechnology as breeding machinery in gene mapping and fingerprinting. Eighteen Rice accessions including landraces grown by the farmers and commercially released cultivars were used to assess the genetic diversity . Leaves were taken from two weeks old plants and the DNA extracted according to Mace.et.al., 2003. PCR was done and DNA fragments visualized by illumination device with UV light. . SSR bands were scored as present (1) or absent (0) for each DNA sample, and used to compute the measures of genetic distance for all pairs of individuals. Analysis of Molecular Variance. Results indicated that the five polymorphic markers used in this study showed a total of 11 alleles across the loci of the 18 rice genotype's studied. . The expected heterozygosity ranged from 0.191 in RM 261 to 0.5 in RM 22 with an average of 0.336. Genotypes TXD and B217 were identified by the 5markers.
Key words: DNA, Fingerprinting, Microsatellites, Fingerprinting, Rice
[1]. Molina, J.;Sikora, M.; Garud, N.; Flowers, J. M.; Rubinstein, S.; Reynolds, A.; Huang, P.; Jackson, S.; Schaal, B. A.; Bustamante, C. D.; Boyko, A. R.; Purugganan, M.D. (2011). "Molecular evidence for a single evolutionary origin of domesticated rice". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences108 (20): 8351
[2]. FAOSTAT: Production-Crops, data (2012). Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, August 2014 Security
[3]. Brar, D. S., and Khush, G. S. (1997). Alien introgression in rice. Plant Mol. Biol. 35, 35–47. doi: 10.1023/A:1005825519998
[4]. Teshager A.; Wassu M, (2013). Effect Of Seed Storage And Varieties On Seed Quality, Growth, Yield And Genetic Variability In Tef [Eragrostis Tef (Zucc.) Trotter] At Debre Zeit, Central Ethiopia
[5]. McCouch, S.R.; Teytelman, L.; Xu, Y.; Lobos, K.B.; Clare, K.; Walton, M.; Fu, B.; Maghirang, R.; Li, Z.; Xing, Y.; Zhang, Q.; Kono, I.; Yano, M.; Fjellstrom, R; DeClerck, G.; Schneider, D.;Cartinhour, S.; Ware, D. and Stein, L. (2002). Development of 2240 new SSR markers for rice.DNA Res., 9: 199-220..
- Citation
- Abstract
- Reference
- Full PDF
| Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
| Title | : | Iron Deficiency Anemia In Pregnancy: Pre And Post Iron Sucrose Therapy In A Tertiary Referral Centre |
| Country | : | India |
| Authors | : | Dr.Anitha Mukthapuram || Dr.Sujata Maitra || Dr.Gopalakrishna Huligol || Dr.Sreelatha || Dr. Vishwanath H.L |
|
: | 10.9790/264X-04015256 |
Abstract: Introduction: Iron deficiency is commonly prevalent in women of reproductive age group.Early detection of iron stores before the development of anemia is beneficial. The maternal iron level is important for the growth of fetus and is always advantageous to have parameters which can detect iron deficiency at an early stage. The timely implementation of intervention to correct maternal iron status will improve the fetal outcome. Objectives : To study levels of serum transferrin, iron and serum ferritin during pregnancy, pre and post intravenous Iron sucrose therapy in iron deficiency anemia. Materials and Methods: Case control study was conducted on 60 pregnant women reporting to antenatal clinic between 18-34 weeks gestational age. Samples were collected and analysed from diagnosed cases of Iron deficiency anemia for Serum Iron, Ferritin and Transferrin before and after intravenous iron sucrose therapy and were compared with that of normal pregnant ladies..........
Key words: Anemia, Pregnancy, intravenous Iron sucrose, Serum Iron, Ferritin, Transferrin.
[1]. Iron and Oxidative Stress in Pregnancy. Esther Casanueva and Fernando E. Viteriy. J. Nutr,2003,133: 1700S–1708S,
[2]. Evaluation of Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant Status in Pregnant Anemic Women. Amit Kumar Mani Tiwari, Abbas Ali Mahdi, Fatima Zahra, Sudarshna Chandyan, VinodKumarSrivastav, MahendraP.SinghNegi. Ind J Clin Biochem ; Oct-Dec 2010; 25(4):411–418
[3]. Disorders of iron metabolism. Part II: iron deficiency and iron overloadManuel Mun˜oz, Jose´ Antonio Garcı ´a-Erce, A´ngel Francisco Remacha. (doi: 10.1136/jcp.2010.086991) J Clin Pathol;December 2010:2-10.
[4]. Ferrous iron administration during pregnancy and adaptational oxidative stress (Pilot study) Aune Rehema, Kersti Zilmer, Ursula Klaar1, Helle Karro1, Tiiu Kullisaar, Mihkel Zilmer. Medicina (Kaunas) 2004; 40(6):547-552.
[5]. Significance of an abnormally low or high hemoglobin concentrationduring pregnancy: special consideration of iron nutrition. Ray Yip. Am J Clin Nutr 2000;72(suppl):272S–9S...
- Citation
- Abstract
- Reference
- Full PDF
| Paper Type | : | Research Paper |
| Title | : | Practices of Hygiene, Sanitation and Water Supply: A Study of Medinipur District (Wb) |
| Country | : | India |
| Authors | : | Santanu Bera || Dr. Pushpendra Sharma |
|
: | 10.9790/264X-04015760 |
Abstract: Schools are the most vital spots of learning for children after family. The students have a focal place in the community. Schools are energizing learning situations for children and start change to society. On the off chance that sanitation offices in schools wind up noticeably accessible, students can assume an essential part. They can go about as models, and educators can work as good examples. Schools may likewise impact communities of the individual zone through exceptional exercises, through their students. Schools are in a connection with a huge extent of the families in a community in a nation (UNICEF, 1993). This examination paper is intended to evaluate the elements which are affecting sanitation practice and hygiene behavior among school children. This investigation likewise concentrates on contrasting the hygiene rehearses among the school offspring of provincial zones in Medinipur.
Key words: Hygiene, Sanitation & Water Supply Etc.
[1]. Chant R (2008) The role of water, hygiene and sanitation in neonatal mortality [MSc disserta-tion]. London: London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine.
[2]. Cairncross S, Kolsky PJ (1997) Letter: water, waste and well-being. American J Epidemiol 146: 359–360.
[3]. Jenny T. Grönwall, Martin Mulenga and Gordon McGranahan (2010), IIED Human Settlements Working Paper Series 26
[4]. Kanton I. Osumanu, Lukman Abdul-Rahim, Jacob Songsore, Farouk R. Braimah and Martin Mulenga (2010), IIED Human Settlements Working Paper Series 24
[5]. Hutton G, Haller L (2004).Evaluation of the Costs and Benefits of Water and Sanitation Improvements at the Global Level. World Health Organization, Geneva...