IOSR-JBM   Volume-28 ~ Issue-8 ~ Aug. 2026

Abstract: This study examined the effect of corporate governance structure on the efficiency of agricultural cooperative societies in Central Kenya. The study was anchored on Agency Theory and Resource Dependency Theory, which collectively explain how governance mechanisms influence organizational efficiency. A positivist research philosophy and a descriptive cross-sectional research design were adopted. The study utilized secondary data collected from audited financial statements and board profiles of agricultural cooperative societies in Kiambu, Murang’a, Kirinyaga, Nyeri, and Nyandarua counties. Data was available for 195 agricultural cooperatives, representing 64.7%...

Keywords: Corporate governance structure, agricultural cooperative societies, efficiency, board composition, board size, chief executive officer characteristics, Data Envelopment Analysis, Central Kenya.

[1]. Ali, M. J., Wenguang, G., & Jinhua, C. (2018). Comparative analysis of factors affecting farmers cooperatives development: Case studies of Zanzibar–Tanzania and Baoding City of China. International Journal of Academic Multidisciplinary Research, 2(2), 1–12.
[2]. Alzahrani, A., & Rao, A. (2021). Board effectiveness and organizational performance in agricultural cooperatives. Journal of Co-operative Studies, 54(2), 35–49.
[3]. Amankwah, A. O., & Frimpong, S. K. (2023). Corporate governance mechanisms and efficiency of rural banks in Ghana. Journal of African Business, 24(1), 84–103.
[4]. Aminu, Y., & Zainudin, N. (2015). A review of anatomy of working capital management theories and the relevant linkages to working capital components: A theoretical building approach. European Journal of Business and Management, 7(2), 10.
[5]. Ayodele, A. J., & Ayuba, B. O. (2021). Corporate governance and performance of agricultural cooperatives in Nigeria. Nigerian Journal of Management Sciences, 10(2), 115–128

Abstract: Tourism destinations are complex systems involving multiple public and private stakeholders with heterogeneous resources, interests, and objectives. In such contexts, destination performance depends not only on the quality of tourism resources or the effectiveness of promotional activities, but also on the ability to organize collective action and coordinate stakeholders. Destination Management Organizations (DMOs) occupy a central position in this process. This article examines the effect of effective destination governance on DMO performance, with particular emphasis on stakeholder....

Keywords: destination governance; Destination Management Organization; stakeholders; coordination; performance; tourism destination

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[2]. Bornhorst, T., Ritchie, J. R. B., & Sheehan, L. (2010). Determinants of tourism success for DMOs & destinations: An empirical examination of stakeholders’ perspectives. Tourism Management, 31(5), 572–589.
[3]. Bregoli, I., & Del Chiappa, G. (2013). Coordinating relationships among destination stakeholders: Evidence from Edinburgh (UK). Tourism Analysis, 18(2), 145–155.
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[5]. Byrd, E. T. (2007). Stakeholders in sustainable tourism development and their roles: Applying stakeholder theory to sustainable tourism development. Tourism Review, 62(2), 6–13..

Abstract: Assessing the performance of Destination Management Organizations (DMOs) remains a complex issue because of the diversity of their missions, the heterogeneity of their stakeholders, and the difficulty of distinguishing their own results from those of the destination in which they operate. Approaches focusing exclusively on internal organizational effectiveness, financial results, or the tourism performance of the destination are therefore insufficient to capture this complexity. This article proposes to rethink DMO performance through an integrated framework...

Keywords: DMO; organizational performance; internal performance; external performance; stakeholders; tourism destination; performance measurement system

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Abstract: The financial sustainability of dental practices in the United States is shaped less by clinical skill than by the reimbursement architecture surrounding it: a fragmented, largely fee-for-service payment system spanning commercial dental plans, state Medicaid programs, and near-total exclusion from traditional Medicare. This narrative review examines how dental insurance design and provider payment methodology, fee-for-service, capitation, and emerging value-based payment (VBP) models, shape practice-level financial sustainability and patient access. Fee-for-service remuneration, the dominant model in American dentistry, is associated with higher treatment volume......

Key Word: dental insurance; fee-for-service; value-based payment; practice financial sustainability; Medicaid reimbursement; United States

[1]. Vujicic, M., Buchmueller, T., & Klein, R. (2016). Dental care presents the highest level of financial barriers, compared to other types of health care services. Health Affairs, 35(12), 2176-2182.
[2]. Oliveira, J. A. P., Apolinário, V. C., Loiola, S. F., Souza, P. M., Abadessa, S. N., Dalbone, A. F., Lima, P. A. D., Mello, F. F., Castro Júnior, U. A., Arume, G. S. C. A., Bastos, P. V. O., & Dalla, E. F. (2026). Advancing dental practice management in the United States: Strategic leadership, economic sustainability, and healthcare innovation. Revista DCS, 23(90), 1-6.
[3]. Nasseh, K., LoSasso, A. T., & Vujicic, M. (2024). Percentage of dentists and dental practices affiliated with private equity nearly doubled, 2015-21. Health Affairs, 43(8), 1082-1089.
[4]. Semprini, J., & Samuelson, R. (2023). Synthesizing 30-years of adult Medicaid dental policy research: A scoping review to identify gaps and opportunities. Heliyon, 9(2), e13703

Abstract: This study investigates two behavioral dimensions of risk management among active participants in the NIFTY derivatives market: (i) whether years of trading experience are associated with the extent to which traders adopt predefined risk-management practices, and (ii) whether option sellers and option buyers differ in their perceived level of market risk. Primary data were collected through a structured, validated questionnaire (Cronbach's alpha = 0.732) administered....

Keywords: NIFTY derivatives; risk management practices; risk perception; option sellers; chi-square test; independent samples t-test; trading experience

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[2]. Bharti, & Singh, R. (2025). A study on perception of retail investors towards equity derivatives market. American Journal of Economics and Business Management, 8(4).
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Abstract: The increasing complexity of cyberattacks targeting United States critical infrastructure has exposed significant limitations in conventional perimeter-based security models. Sectors such as energy, healthcare, transportation, water systems, manufacturing, telecommunications, and financial services have become increasingly interconnected...

Keywords: Artificial Intelligence, Zero Trust Architecture, Predictive Cyber Threat Detection, Critical Infrastructure Protection, Machine Learning, Behavioral Analytics, Cyber Resilience, Anomaly Detection

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