iosr-JDMS   Volume-18 ~ Issue-3 ~ March-2019

Abstract: Vertigo is a disorder involving different discipline of medical science . Thus, during management the approach involves different branches of medicine. ENT and Head and Neck Surgery manages vertigo of peripheral vestibular apparatus. Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo is one of the commom presentation in outdoor clinics of ENT department. A study was conducted to approach cases of vertigo in a systematic pattern. Broadly, vertigo is categorized as central and peripheral. Through a detailed evaluation these cases are differentiated. In this Study, only those cases attending OPD with pathology related to ENT and Head Neck discipline were taken into account.......

KEY WORDS: Vertigo, Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo, Vestibular apparatus and Epley'sManoeuvre

[1]. R.W.Baloh, V. Honrubia, and K. Jacobson, " Benign Positional Vertigo : clinical and oculographic features in 240 cases," Neurology, vol.37,no.3, pp371-378, 1987.
[2]. E. Marciano and V. Marcelli, " Postural restrictions in labyrintholithiasis," European Archives of Oto- Rhino – Laryngology, vol. 24, no.1 pp.262 – 265, 2002.
[3]. M. Von Brevern, T. Seeling, H. Neuhauser, and T. Lempart, " Benignparoxysomal positional vertigo predominantly affects the right labyrinth," Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery& Psychiatry, vol.75, no.10,pp.1487 – 1488, 2004.
[4]. S.J. Herdman, R.J. Tusa, D.S.Zee,L.R.Proctor, and D.E. Mattox, " Single treatment approaches to benign paroxysomal positional vertigo," Archives of Otolaryngology : Head and Neck Surgery, vol. 119, no. 4 ,pp. 450 – 454, 1993.
[5]. S.S.U Waleem, S.M. Malik, S.Ullah, and Z.ul Hassan, " Office management of benign paroxysomal positional vertigo with Epley's maneuver," Journal of Ayub Medical College , Abbottabad, vol. 20, no. 1 , pp 77 – 79 , 2008..

Abstract: Fibro-osseous lesions pose a diagnostic difficulty as they are not distinguishable histologically. Here, a 7 year retrospective clinic-pathologic analysis of fibro-osseous lesions was studied in Govt. Dental College, Trivandrum. Confirmed fibro-osseous lesions reports between the months of August 2008 – July 2015 were retrieved. The lesions were selected on the basis of WHO 2005 classification of fibro-osseous lesions. Patient's clinical data including the age, gender, anatomic location and diagnosis was retrieved. Data was entered in excel sheet and the percentage prevalence of the cases was done. It was seen that the number of cases that reported to the Department was 34 which is only about 1% of total cases that reported to the Department. Out of this 61.77% of cases were cemento.........

Key Words: Fibro-osseous lesions, Fibrous dysplasia, cement-ossifying fibroma, central giant cell granuloma

[1]. Kumar Srichinthu K, RagunathanYoithapprabhunath T, Chitturi RT, Yamunadevi A, Potsangbam AD, Singh DN. Fibro Osseous Lesions–Classifications, Pathophysiology and Importance of Radiology: a Short Review. International Biological and Biomedical Journal. 2016 Sep 15;2(1):11-20.
[2]. Ogunsalu CO, Lewis A, Doonquah L. Benign fibro‐osseous lesions of the jaw bones in Jamaica: analysis of 32 cases. Oral diseases. 2001 May 1;7(3):155-62.
[3]. Waldron CA. Fibro-osseous lesions of the jaws. Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery. 1993 Aug 1;51(8):828-35.
[4]. Panda NK, Parida PK, Sharma R, Jain A, Bapuraj JR. A clinicoradiologic analysis of symptomatic craniofacial fibro-osseous lesions.Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery. 2007 Jun;136(6):928-33.
[5]. Worawongvasu R, Songkampol K. Fibro‐osseous lesions of the jaws: an analysis of 122 cases in Thailand. Journal of Oral Pathology & Medicine. 2010 Oct 1;39(9):703-8.

Abstract: Age estimation in forensic odontology by radiographic means of third molar in human is the simplest and popular one. This study tested 250 patients of both sexes equally in the age group of 14 -25 years with intraoral periapical radiograph for age estimation, jaw, symmetry, and gender variation. The results were that significant radiographic grading predicts the age group, no variation in the right and left symmetry of both jaws. No association between grading and gender were established

Key Words: Age estimation ,forensic odontology, third molar, radiograph

[1]. Brogdon B.G Forensic radiology 1st edition 1998 pg 160- 165.
[2]. Tapaswini B, Laxmikanth C, Prashanth S, Veena KM, Prasanna KR, Rachana VP, et al. Age estimation using Cameriere's seven teeth method with Indian specific formula in South Indian children. Int J Adv Health Sci 2014;1:2-10.
[3]. Shamim T, Varghese IV, Shameena PM, Sudha S. Age estimation: A dental approach. J Punjab Acad Forensic Med Toxicol 2006;6:14-6.
[4]. Demirjian A, Goldstein H, Tanner JM (1973) A new system ofdental age assessment. Hum Biol 45:221–227
[5]. Priyadarshini C, Manjunath PP, Uma SR. Dental age estimation methods: A review. Int J Adv Health Sci 2015;1:19-25.

Abstract: Background: Metastasis is the leading cause of mortality in patients diagnosed with breast cancer. The common pathways of cancer cell dissemination are via the lymphatics and the bloodstreams. Objective: The aim of the present study was to assess the significance of blood microvessel quantitation using CD105 in breast carcinoma and its correlation with tumor grade. Methods: The study included 50 cases of invasive breast carcinoma. Microvessels were identified by using immunohistochemical stain CD105 in tumoral and peritumoral area. Result: There was a sigtnificant correlation of Peritumoral microvessel density in node positive and node negative cases was. Intratumoral and peritumoral.......

Key words: Breast, carcinoma, microvessel density, CD105, metastasis

[1]. Kumar S, Ghellal A, Li C, Byrne G, Haboubi N, Wang JM et al. Breast carcinoma: Vascular density determined using CD105 antibody correlates with tumor prognosis. Cancer Res 1999;59:856-61.
[2]. Choi WW, Lewis MM, Lawson D, Yin-goen Q, Birdsong GG, Cotsonis GA et al. Angiogenic and lymphangiogenic microvessel density in breast carcinoma: Correlation with clinicopathologic parameters and VEGF-family gene expression. Mod Pathol 2005;18:143-52.
[3]. Fonsatti E, Altomonte M, Nicotra RM, Natali PG, Maio M. Endoglin (CD105): a powerful therapeuric target on tumor associated angiogenetic blood vessels. Oncogene 2003;22:6557-63.
[4]. Cunnick GH, Jiang WG, Gomez KF, Mansel RE. Lymphangiogenesis and breast cancer metastasis. Histol Histopathology 2002;17:863-70.
[5]. Safwat MD, Habib F, Elayat A, Oweiss N, Reffat S, Algaidi S. Morphometric and immunohistochemical study of angiogenic marker expressions in invasive ductal carcinomas of the human breast. Folia Morphol 2009;68:144-55..

Abstract: Fractures of distal end radius account for one sixth of all fractures that are seen and treated by orthopaedic surgeons.Although most of them were managed conservatively in the past,recently they have become the focus of an intense resurgence in interest regarding optimal management. We analysed the results of 26 patients with distal radial fractures fixed with locked volar plating using the PRWE score at the time of final follow-up (minimum six months) for this study.Routine standard preoperative, intraoperative and postoperative protocols were followed.14 male and 12 female patients with the average age of 46 (range 20-72) were operated and followed up for........

Key words: distal radius fracture, locking plate, Patient Rated Wrist Evaluation, DASH score, Brigham and Women's questionnaire,Gartland and Werley score

[1]. Changulani M et al. Feb Outcome evaluation measures for wrist and hand – which one to choose? IntOrthop. 2008
[2]. Prathap P et al Credibility of locking plate in treatment of distal end radius fractures with intra articular extension IJOS 2017
[3]. Raval H et al Long term outcome of lower end radius fractures treated with locking plates IJOS 2017
[4]. Kundu AK et al. Intra articular distal radius fractures and volar plate fixation: a prospective study Int J Res Orthop. 2017 May

[5]. Chavhan AN et al.Functional and radiological outcome in distal radius fractures treated with locking compression plate Int J Res Med Sci. 2017 Feb

Abstract: More than 80% of patients who came to the emergency room were accompanied by head injuries. For each death, there were two cases with permanent disability, commonly secondary head injury(Narayan, 1991). Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF)is one of the many neurotrophinsthat have properties as increasingly popular growth factor investigated as a neurotropic factor (Barde et al., 1982; Leibrock et al., 1989). BDNF is a growth factor playing a role in repair, defense, neuronal cell growth, and synapse plasticity. These molecules function to trigger the growth and differentiation of new neurons and synapses and playing an important role in the development of normal nerves..........

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Abstract: Background: Appendiceal perforation in patients with acute appendicitis may cause a variety of potentially life-threatening complications. Escherichia coli endotoxin has been shown to impact physiological bile flow in vivo. This had led to the theory that hyperbilirubinemia in patients with appendicitis may have a predictive potential for the preoperative diagnosis of appendiceal perforation. The aim of this retrospective study was to investigate the diagnostic value of hyperbilirubinemia as a preoperative laboratory marker for appendiceal perforation in patients with acute appendicitis
Methods: We identified.......

[1]. O' Connel PR. "The Vermiform Appendix". In: Williams NS, Bulstrode CJK, O'Connell PR (Ed.). Bailey and Love's - Short practice of surgery. 25 ed. London: Arnold: 2008; p. 1204-8.
[2]. Smink DS, Soybel DI. "Appendix and Appendectomy". In: Zinner MJ, Stanely W (eds) Maingot‟s abdominal operations. 11th ed. Ashely: McGraw Hill; 2007. p. 589-612.
[3]. John Maa. "The Appendix". In Townsend CM, Beauchamp RD, Evers BM, Mattox KL, eds. Sabiston Textbook of Surgery. 18th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders Elsevier; 2008. p: 1333- 1347.
[4]. Deutsch A, Shani N, Reiss R. Are some appendectomies unnecessary: an analysis of 319 white appendices. J R Coll Surg Edinb 1983; 28: 35-40.
[5]. Piper R, Kager E, Nasman P. Acute appendicitis a clinical study of 1018 cases of emergency appendicectomy. Acta Chir Scand. 1982; 148:51-62.

Abstract: Introduction: Birth asphyxia is one of the major causes of perinatal mortality and morbidity with the propensity to have life-long implications, in both developing and developed countries. In many of the cases, the brain may be the only organ affected following birth asphyxia, but multiorgan dysfunction and impaired electrolyte derangements also occur as a result of systemic hypoxia and ischaemia. Aim: To determine the incidence of birth asphyxia and study the clinical features and the biochemical abnormalities associated with it Materials and methods : In this prospective cross sectional study conducted between October 2103 to September 2015, term newborns with an Apgar score.......

Key words: Birth asphyxia, neonate, seizure

[1]. Hansen AR, Soul JS. Perinatal asphyxia. In: Cloherty JP, Eichenwald EC, Stark AR, editors. Manual of Neonatal care. 7th ed. New Delhi: Wolters Kluwer;2012. p.711-756.
[2]. Lawn JE, Wilczynska-ktende K, Cousens SN. Estimating the causes of four million deaths in the year 2000. Int J Epidemiol. 2006 Jun: 35 (3); 718-19.
[3]. Bax MC, Flodmark O, Tydeman C. Definition and classification of cerebral palsy. From syndrome toward disease. Dev Med Child Neurol Suppl. 2007;109:39-41.
[4]. Azra Haider B, Bhutta ZA. Birth asphyxia in developing countries: Current status and public health implications. Curr Probl Pediatr Adolesc Health Care 2006; 36: 178-188.

[5]. Haidary MH, Hussain A, Ahmed S, Abul Kasem A.Clinical profile of birth asphyxia in Rajshahi Medical College Hospital. TAJ 2005; 18(2): 106-108.

Abstract: Thyroid malignancies account for almost 90% of all the endocrine malignancies. The treatment strategy for these malignancies has undergone a tremendous change over the past few decades with the advent of multidisciplinary approach for early diagnosis and management. The incidence of thyroid malignancies has increased over the past three decades, however of the many patients who present with thyroid swelling only 5-6% of them are malignant. Hence detecting malignancy early in these patients and adequate surgical clearance will provide them with increased survival......

Keyword:-Thyroid malignancy, Thyroid stimulating hormone, Thyroid nodule

[1]. Williams NS, Bulstrode CJK, O‟Connell PR, The Thyroid and Parathyroids, Bailey & Love‟s Short Practice of Surgery, 25th ed. New York: Arnold;
[2]. Boelaert K, Horacek J, Holder RL, et al., Serum thyrotropin concentration as a novel predictor of malignancy in thyroid nodules investigated by fine needle aspiration, J. Clin Endocrinal Metab, 2006; 91:4295-4301.
[3]. Haymart MR, Repplinger DJ, Leverson GE, et al, Higher TSH level in thyroid nodule patients is associated with greater risks of differentiated thyroid cancer and advanced tumor stage, J Clin Endocrinal Metab, 2008;93:809-14.
[4]. Stergios A. Polyzos, Marina Kita, Zoe Efstathiadou et al, Serum thyrotropin concentration as a biochemical predictor of thyroid malignancy in patients presenting with thyroid nodules, J Cancer Res Clin Oncol. 2008; 134:953-96.
[5]. DeVita VT, Lawrence TS, Rosenberg SA, DeVita, Hellman, and Rosenberg‟s Cancer Principles & Practice of Oncology, 8th edition, Wolters Kluwer/Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.

Abstract: Necrotizing pancreatitis is one of the important causes of mortality in acute pancreatitis especially when it is infected. Intervention is very rarely indicated in patients with sterile necrosis but may be required in those who continue to deteriorate despite maximal supportive care. In contrast, patients with infected pancreatic or peri-pancreatic necrosis almost always require intervention. Although infected pancreatic necrosis has been considered an absolute indication for surgical intervention, cases successfully managed non-surgically have been reported. This study assessed the course of necrotizing pancreatitis with and without surgical intervention.......

Key words: Pancreatitis, Necrotising pancreatitis, C Reactive Protein, Necrosectomy,

[1]. Howard, J. M. History of the pancreas. The pancreas club, 2014. Web.
[2]. Trede M, Carter D C, and Longmire W P Jr. "history of pancreatic surgery." Surgery of the pancreas. USA: Churchill Livingstone, 1993. p 1-15.
[3]. Townsend CM, Beauchamp RD, Evers BM, Mattox KL, Exocrine Pancreas. Sabiston textbook of surgery. 20th ed, Philadelphia: Elsevier, 2016: p 1523-24.
[4]. Brunicardi FC, Andersen DK, Billiar TR, Dunn DL, Hunter JG, Matthews JB, Pollock RE. Pancreas. Schwartz's Principles Of Surgery. 10th ed, US: Mc Graw Hil, 2015: p 1348-49.
[5]. Befer HG, Rau BM: Severe acute pancreatitis: Clinical course and management. World J Gastroenterol 13:5043-5051, 2007

Abstract: Obesity is becoming a pandemic these days. People are overweight and are losing the joy of self control. Lack of exercise, poor dietary habits lead to hypertension and diabetes mellitus. We wanted to scientifically compare anthropometric and pulmonary function parameters in Diabetes & Healthy Controls. The present study was a case control hospital based study conducted in the Department of Physiology in collaboration with the Department of Internal Medicine and Department of TB and Chest in Santosh Medical College and Hospital, Ghaziabad. The study included 50 type II diabetic patients and 50 healthy persons, confirmed by normal blood glucose levels, as control group.Significant effect of BMI was observed on FVC and FEV 1. Diabetic patients with BMI < 30 kg/m2 had higher percentage of the predicted FVC and FEV1 to those with BMI > 30kg/m2. An inverse......

[1]. Jousilahti P, Tuomilheto J, Vartiainen E, Pekkanen J, Puska P. body weight, cardiovascular risk factors and coronary mortality, 15 year follow-up of middle-aged men and women in Castern Finland. Circulation. 93:1372-79,1996.
[2]. Alemzadeh R, Wyatt D. Diabetes mellitus in children. In;Kleigman RM, Behrmann RE, Jenson HB, Stenton BF, editors Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics. 18th Ed. Philadelphia, Pa;Saunder Elsevier; 2007.p.2406.
[3]. Ashwani et al, gender differences in anthropometric biochemical parameters and B.P. Dissertation submitted to Rajiv Gandhi University of Health Sciences, Bangalore, Karnataka, 2012.
[4]. Kearney, PM, Whelton, M.Reynods, KWhelton, P.K. and He, J:Worldwide prevalence of hypertension, a systematic review. Journal of Hypertension 22[1],1-9,2004.
[5]. Pi-SunyerFx:Medical Hazards of Obesity. AnnIntern Med 1993;119:655-660.Pi-Sunyer Fx. Medical Hazards of obesity. Ann Intern Med.1993; 119:655-660.

Abstract: Volvulus of the sigmoid is the most common cause of intestinal obstruction in pregnancy, untreated it evolves towards the intestinal ischemia and the perforation [1]. We report the case of a 38-year-old patient in the third trimester of pregnancy admitted for sigmoid volvulus. Endoscopic devolvulation has been tried with failure. At surgical exploration, the sigmoid volvulus was necrotic. The sigmoid volvulus was resected and Hartman's colostomy was performed. The purpose of this publication is to show the therapeutic difficulties of this rare association (pregnancy and volvulus).

Keys words: volvulus of the sigmoid, pregnancy, endoscopic devolvulation, surgical emergency

[1]. Z. Afab, A. Toro, A. Abdelaal et al., "Endoscopicreduction of a volvulus of the sigmoid colon in pregnancy: a case report and a comprehensivereview of the literature," World Journal of Emergency Surgery (WJES) , flight. 9, p. 41, 2014
[2]. Y. Narjis et al. Sigmoid Volvulus, a rare complication of pregnancy, Gynecology Obstetrics & Fertility 36 (2008) 776-778
[3]. Mr. Najih et al. Acute gastrointestinal obstruction - about five cases. Pan AfricanMedical Journal. 2012; 11:40
[4]. C. Serafeimidis et al. Sigmoid volvulus in pregnancy: case report and review of literature. 2016 4 (8): 759-761
[5]. Chang YT, Huang YS, Chan HM, Chan HM, Huang CJ, Hsieh JS, Huang TJ. Intestinal obstruction during pregnancy. Kaohsiung J Med Sci. 2006 Jan; 22 (1): 20-3.

Abstract: Introduction: Cardiovascular diseases are a leading cause of death with hypertension (HTN) being a main risk factor. HTN is mostly considered an adulthood problem, however it is known that earliest stages of life are critical periods in its etiology. Detecting HTN in adolescence is fundamental since this enables monitoring its evolution and cardiovascular complications. Obesity is cited as a major cause of HTN andin Portugal childhood obesity has a high prevalence compared with other European countries. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between obesity and HTN in adolescentsfollowed-up in a paediatric cardiology department.......

Keywords: Hypertension, Obesity, Adolescence, BMI, ambulatory blood pressure monitoring

[1] D. Silva, A. Matos, T. Magalhães, V. Martins, L. Ricardo, and H. Almeida, "Prevalência de hipertensão arterial em adolescentes portugueses da cidade de Lisboa," Rev. Port. Cardiol., vol. 31, no. 12, pp. 789–794, 2012.

[2] L. S. Fonseca and V. R. Kirsten, "Fatores de risco para a elevação da pressão arterial em adolescentes," Medicina (B. Aires)., vol. 43, no. 55, pp. 400–407, 2010.

[3] F. Neves and A. P. Cândido, "Prevalência e fatores de risco associados à hipertensão arterial em crianças e adolescentes: uma revisão de literatura," HU rev, vol. 39, no. 1, pp. 45–53, 2013.

[4] M. C. C. Kuschnir and M. G. Ribeiro, "Hipertensão arterial na adolescência: abordagem e tratamento," Adolescência e Saúde, vol. 3, no. 3, pp. 1–4, 2006.

[5] E. Wühl et al., "Management of high blood pressure in children and adolescents: recommendations of the European Society of Hypertension," J. Hypertens., vol. 27, no. 9, pp.

Abstract: Introduction: Pain is an unpleasant subjective sensation which can only be experienced and not expressed, especially in children. The concept of postoperative pain relief and its utilization in the pediatric age group has improved dramatically over the recent years. Materials and Methods: The study was approved by institutional ethics committee and 60 patients with 30 in each group were included in this study. 60 patients were divided into two groups alternatively. Group C (n=30): Patientswill receive 1ml/kg of 0.2% ropivacaine and 1μg/kg of clonidine (making a volume of 0.5ml with addition of 0.9% saline using a tuberculin syringe). Group D (n=30): Patients will receive 1ml/kg of 0.2......

Key Words: Dexmedetomidine, Clonidine, ropivacaine, intraoperative analgesia, postoperative analgesia

[1]. Xiao-Ming Deng, MD, Wen-Jing Xiao, MD, Geng-Zhi Tang, MD, Mao-Ping Luo, MD, and Kun-Ling Xu, MD. The Minimum Local Anesthetic Concentration of Ropivacaine for Caudal Analgesia in Children. AnesthAnalg 2002;94:1465-8.
[2]. H. Birbicer. N.Doruk. I. Cinel. S.Atici.D.Avlan.E. Bilgin. U. Oral. Could adding magnesium as adjuvant to ropivacaine in caudal anaesthesia improve postoperative pain control? PediatrSurgInt (2007) 23:195-198.
[3]. Dr. Manjushree Ray, Dr. S.K. Mondal, Dr. A. Biswas. Caudal analgesia in paediatric patients: Comparison between Bupivacaine and Ropivacaine. Indian J. Anaesth. 2003; 47 (4): 275-278.
[4]. A.M. EI-Hennawy, A.M. Abd-Elwahab, A.M. Abd-Elmaksoud, H.S.El-Ozairy and S.R.Boulis. Addition of clonidine or dexmedetomidine to bupivacaine prolongs caudal analgesia in children. British Journal of Anaesthesia 103 (2): 268-74 (2009).
[5]. Campbell M. Caudal anesthesia in children. American journal of Urology.

Abstract: Purple urine bag syndrome (PUBS) is a unique complication of urinary tract infection (UTIs). It is characterized by an alarming purple coloration of the catheter bag and tubing due to recurrent UTIs by specific bacteria which produce sulphatases and phosphatases which lead to tryptophan metabolism to produce indigo which is Blue pigment and indirubin which is red pigment, which when they mixture becomes purple. The risk factors include female gender, immobility, constipation, chronic cauterization and renal disease. The Management involves regular catheter change, antibiotics and reassurance. The prognosis is good depending on the co-morbidities of the patient which......

Keywords: Chronic urinary catheterisation, indigo, indirubin, purple urine bag syndrome, urinary tract infection

[1]. Kalsi DS, Ward J, Lee R, Handa A. Purple urine bag syndrome: a rare spot diagnosis. Disease markers. 2017;2017.
[2]. Golzarri MF, Hernaiz-Leonardo JC, Díaz-González A, Velázquez-Acosta C, Vilar-Compte D. Purple urine bag syndrome: An
uncommon manifestation of urinary tract infection. Gacetamedica de Mexico. 2017 Jun 15;153(2):273-5.
[3]. Gebrmichael T, Feleke F, Ahmed W, Urella M, Teka S. Purple Urine Bag Syndrome: An Educational Case of a Colorful Condition
in the Chronically Catheterized. Marshall Journal of Medicine. 2017;3(3):27.
[4]. Balmes MB, Cruz RS, Zabat GM. Purple Urine Bag Syndrome. Philippine Journal of Nephrology Online. 2018 Apr 26;26(1):14-.
[5]. Pillai BP, Chong VH, Yong AM. Purple urine bag syndrome. Singapore Med J. 2009 May 1;50(5):e193-4..