iosr-JDMS   Volume-22 ~ Issue-1 ~ January 2023

Abstract:Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a liver ailment that is characterized by fat accumulation in the liver and occurs in people who drink little to no alcohol. NAFLD falls into one of two categories: 1. Simple steatosis, often known as NAFLD is the presence of fat in the liver with little to no fibrosis or inflammation......

[1]. Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease | Michigan Medicine [Internet]. [cited 2022 Nov 9]. Available from: https://www.uofmhealth.org/conditions-treatments/digestive-and-liver-health/fatty-liver-disease-non-alcoholic
[2]. Effects of subclinical hypothyroidism and its treatment on serum lipids - PubMed [Internet]. [cited 2022 Nov 9]. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12708952/
[3]. Ferrandino G, Kaspari RR, Spadaro O, Reyna-Neyra A, Perry RJ, Cardone R, et al. Pathogenesis of hypothyroidism-induced NAFLD is driven by intra- and extrahepatic mechanisms. Proc Natl Acad Sci. 2017 Oct 24;114(43):E9172–80.
[4]. Zeng X, Li B, Zou Y. The relationship between non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and hypothyroidism: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore). 2021 Apr 30;100(17):e25738.
[5]. Bikeyeva V, Abdullah A, Radivojevic A, Jad AAA, Ravanavena A, Ravindra C, et al. Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Hypothyroidism: What You Need to Know. Cureus [Internet]. 2022 Aug 16 [cited 2022 Dec 21];14(8). Available from: https://www.cureus.com/articles/101051-nonalcoholic-fatty-liver-disease-and-hypothyroidism-what-you-need-to-know

Abstract: Malignant glaucoma or aqueous misdirection syndrome usually occurs in hyperopic eyes, characterized by an acute rise in intraocular pressure (IOP) with shallow anterior chamber in presence of patent peripheral iridotomy. The aim of the article is to report a case of malignant glaucomawhich developed after an uneventful phacoemulsification surgery in an emmetropic eye on post operative day one

Keywords: Malignant Glaucoma, Aqueous Misdirection, Ciliolenticular Block

[1]. von Graefe A. Beitrage zur Pathologie und Therapie des € Glaucoms. Albrecht von Graefes Arch Ophthalmol 1869; 15(3):108–252
[2]. Ruben S, Tsai J, Hitchings RA. Malignant glaucoma and its management [perspective]. Br J Ophthalmol 1997; 81:163–167. Available at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC 1722113/pdf/v081p00163.pdf. Accessed August 5, 2014
[3]. Debrouwere V, Stalmans P, Van Calster J, Spileers W, Zeyen T,Stalmans I. Outcomes of different management options for malignant glaucoma: a retrospective study. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2012;250(1):131–41.
[4]. Dave P, Senthil S, Rao HL, Garudadri CS. Treatment outcomes inmalignant glaucoma. Ophthalmology 2013;120(5):984–90.
[5]. Shahid H, Salmon JF. Malignant glaucoma: a review of the modernliterature. J Ophthalmol 2012;2012:852659
[6]. Ahmed IIK, Gagne S. August consultation #3. In: Menapace RM,ed, Cataract Surgical Problem. J Cataract Refract Surg 2009;35:1475–1477

Abstract: Introduction: Papilledema is defined as edema of the optic disc or optic nerve head due to increased intracranial pressure. The aim of this study was to evaluate Etiological Factors and Visual Field Defects in Patients with papilledema.
Material and methods: Prospective study of 50 patients with papilledema was done between 2021 to 2022 in the Department of Ophthalmology NRI Medical College and General Hospital, Chinakakani,Guntur. The visual acuity is done by Snellen's chart. Color vision done using Ishihara pseudo isochromatic plates. Fundus examination using Heine direct.......

Keywords: Papilledema, Color vision , Vision ,Visual Field Defects, Enlargement of blind spot, Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension (IIH).

[1]. Parson's Diseases of the Eye, Twenty second Edition, by RamanjitSihota Page 348- 354.
[2]. Hayreh SS. Pathogenesis of disc edema in raised intracranial pressure. ProgRetin Eye Res. 2016 Jan;50:108-44.
[3]. Hayreh, S.S. Anterior ischemic optic neuropathy V (Optic disc edema an early sign). Arch Ophthalmol. 1981; 99: 1030-1040.
[4]. Walsh & Hoyt's clinical Neuro Ophthalmology The Essentials, Third Edition Page 109- 129.
[5]. yanoff Fourth edition 2014 part 9 neuro-ophthalmology Papilloedema and raised Intracranial Pressure by Alfredo A. Sadun, Michelle Y. Wang 883 to 886..

Abstract: Deep bite malocclusion, particularly in orthodontics, deep bite has considered a difficult anomaly to correct, but also as the one most hindering to solving the problems resulting from other associated malpositions. This is a case presentation of deep bite malocclusion in which a patient with deep bite with Class I malocclusion treated with fixed orthodontic mechanotherapy. A 13-year-old boy patient, whose chief complaint was the upper teeth heat the lower teeth diastema and creat sensitivity and mild pain during chewing. On extraoral examination he has mesocephalic head form and mesoprosopic facial form symmetrical face and lips are competent and intraorally he had class 1 molar relationship bilaterally with decreased overjet and deep overbite. For this patient the deep overbite corrected with intrusion utility arch with fixed orthodontic appliances..

Keywords: Deep bite, Intrusion arch

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[2]. Graber TM, Rakosi T, Petrovic G (1985) Dentofacial Orthopedics with functional Appliances, St. Louis, Mosby Co.
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[4]. Graber TM, Vanarsdall R (1994) Orthodontics: Current Principles and Techniques (2nd edn.), St. Louis: Mosby Year Book.
[5]. Pithon, M.M.; dos Santos, R.L.; Sampaio, G.A.; de Meneses, I.H.; and Coqueiro, R.S.: Anteroposterior and vertical changes in skeletal class II patients treated with modified Thurow appliance, Braz. Dent. J. 25:170-174,2014.