iosr-JDMS   Volume-22 ~ Issue-4 ~ April 2023

Abstract:Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate how overuse of computed tomographic pulmonary angiography (CTPA) in the emergency department (ED) contributes to overdiagnosis by (1) examining subsegmental pulmonary embolism (SSPE) and (2) informing the development of more accurate and efficient diagnostic strategies. Methods: To assess the impact of CTPA on SSPE incidence, a secondary data analysis was first performed. Age-adjusted incidence was calculated, and a longitudinal extrapolation of data compared emergency and primary sources of care. ED overuse.....

Keywords: computed tomographic pulmonary angiography (CTPA), emergency department (ED), subsegmental pulmonary embolism (SSPE), usual source of care (USC), ventilation-perfusion scintigraphy (V/Q)

[1]. 2019 Poverty Guidelines. ASPE. (n.d.). Retrieved January 28, 2023, from https://aspe.hhs.gov/topics/poverty-economic-mobility/poverty-guidelines/prior-hhs-poverty-guidelines-federal-register-references/2019-poverty-guidelines
[2]. Brodersen, J., Schwartz, L. M., Heneghan, C., O'Sullivan, J. W., Aronson, J. K., & Woloshin, S. (2018). Overdiagnosis: What it is and what it isn't. BMJ Evidence-Based Medicine, 23(1), 1–3. https://doi.org/10.1136/ebmed-2017-110886
[3]. Carrier, M., & Klok, F. A. (2017). Symptomatic subsegmental pulmonary embolism: To treat or not to treat? Hematology, 2017(1), 237–241. https://doi.org/10.1182/asheducation-2017.1.237
[4]. Dobler, C. C. (2019). Overdiagnosis of pulmonary embolism: Definition, causes and implications. Breathe, 15(1), 46–53. https://doi.org/10.1183/20734735.0339-2018
[5]. Donato, A. A., Khoche, S., Santora, J., & Wagner, B. (2010). Clinical outcomes in patients with isolated subsegmental pulmonary emboli diagnosed by multidetector CT pulmonary angiography. Thrombosis Research, 126(4). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.thromres.2010.07.001.

Abstract: Background: Perimenopausal contraception is an important issue because women during perimenopause are still fertile and need effective contraception. Educated women can learn about the use of contraception more effectively than uneducated and can make informed decisions, thus reducing the number of unwanted pregnancies. Material and Methods: This questionnaire based study was undertaken on 250 perimenopausal women attending gynaecology OPD of The White Medical College & Hospital, Bungal, Punjab, to find the contraceptive practices in perimenopausal women and to compare between perimenopausal women educated less than 12th standard (group A), and perimenopausal.......

Key Word: Literacy, Perimenopause, Contraception

[1]. Kailas NA, Sifakis S, Koumantakis E. Contraception during menopause. Eur J contracept Reprod Healthcare 2005; 10: 19-25.
[2]. Dr. Rubina Shrestha, Pimsurang Taechaboonsermsak, Sulkontha Siri. Intention to use contraceptive methods among women undergoing comprehensive abortion care in maternity hospital, Kathmandu Nepal. Journal of Universal College of Medical Sciences (2016) Vol.04 No.02 Issue 14
[3]. Gupta RK et al. Emergency contraception: Knowledge, attitude and practices among recently married females in a rural area of North India. Int J Res Med Sci 20117 Oct; 5(10):4450-4454.
[4]. Rattan Surbhi, Kalia Meenu et al. Contraceptive awareness and practices in reproductive age couples: A study from urban slums of Punjab. Jfmpc 11 (7): P3654-3659, July 2022.
[5]. Agrawal A et al. Int J Reprod Contracept Obstet Gynaecol 2019 June; 8(6): 2208-2214

Abstract:INTRODUCTION: Stomas are routinely used in surgical practice for a wide range of conditions.The actual benefit of stoma will depend on the successful reversal of the stoma. Closure of stoma is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. This study examines the morbidity and mortality associated with closure of an ileostomy and colostomy. AIM OF STUDY: To study the complications arising from stoma closure. MATERIALS AND METHOD: Thirty cases of stoma closure surgery were studied prospectively. Records of initial indication of stoma formation were.........

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Abstract:Introduction: Cephalometric study has been an instrumental in orthodontic diagnosis, treatment planning and craniofacial growth prediction. With the rapid evolution in field of Artificial Intelligence, Automatic cephalometric analysis has been a topic of interest during the past few years. This study is aimed to compare the reliability and accuracy of web-based fully automated AI driven cephalometric tracing software (WebCeph® 1.5) with Computer aided Digital manual cephalometric software (FACAD 3.10.1®). Method: 100 Pre-treatment lateral cephalogram recorded in natural head position were collected. The digital images were calibrated by digitizing 3 points (30mm) on the ruler within the radiograph. 11 angular and 4 linear parameters were......

[1]. Livas C et al. Concurrent validity and reliability of cephalometric analysis using smartphone apps and computer software. Angle Orthod. 2019; 89(6):889-896.
[2]. Lindner C et al. Fully Automatic System for Accurate Localisation and Analysis of Cephalometric Landmarks in Lateral Cephalograms. Sci. Rep. 2016; 6:1-10.
[3]. Kim H, Shim E, Park J, Kim YJ, Lee U, Kim Y. Web-based fully automated cephalometric analysis by deep learning. Comput Methods Programs Biomed. 2020; 194:1-7.
[4]. Alqahtani H. Evaluation of an online website-based platform for cephalometric analysis. J Stomatol Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2020;121(1):53-57.
[5]. Chen YJ et al. The effects of differences in landmark identification on the cephalometric measurements in traditional versus digitized cephalometry. Angle Orthod 2004; 74(2):155-61.

Abstract: Background: The aberrant right subclavian artery (ARSA) is congenital vascular anomaly, the majority of ARSA involves the subclavian artery passing posterior to the esophagus. They are usually asymptomatic and if they become symptomatic usually presented with dysphagia. Objective: The Aim of presenting this case is to aware a physicians about such case with rare presentation regards to age and unique clinical features Case report: 41 days baby boy, presented with history of stridor started a few days after birth, in which became progressive with time and associated with increase respiratory effort, especially during feeding. On physical examination his vital signs were stable with......

Key Word: Vascular ring, Right aberrant subclavian artery (RASA), stridor

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Abstract: Background: The main objective of chemo-mechanical root canal preparation includes the preservation of the original canal anatomy and cleaning of the entire root canal system. Advancements in the rotary nickel titanium instruments have provided better cleaning and shaping with minimal dentinal defects. With the introduction of rotary instrumentation in endodontics, cleaning and shaping has become more predictable and efficient with less time consuming and decreasing stress to operator. These advancements do come with certain drawbacks or limitations like formation of microcracks in root dentin due to greater taper which creates lateral forces on the root canal walls, these microcracks can further progress to fracture in root dentin when compared to hand instrumentation. The cross-sectional......

Key Word: TruNatomy files; HyFlex CM files; NeoEndo Flex files

[1]. Burklein S, Tsotsis P, Schafer E. Incidence of dentinal defects after root canal preparation: Reciprocating versus Rotary instrumentation. J Endod 2013;39(4):501–4.
[2]. Priya NT, Veeramachaneni Chandrasekhar SA, Tummala M, Raj TP, Badami V, Kumar P, et al. "Dentinal microcracks after root canal preparation" a comparative evaluation with hand, rotary and reciprocating instrumentation. J Clin Diagn Res 2014;8: ZC70.
[3]. Gavini, Giulio Santos, Marcelo dos Caldeira, Celso Luis Machado, Manoel Eduardo de Lima Freire, Laila Gonzales Iglecias, Elaine Faga Peters, Ove Andrea Candeiro, George Táccio de Miranda. Nickel–titanium instruments in endodontics: a concise review of the state of the art. Brazilian Oral Research 2018;32(1).
[4]. Kim HC, Lee MH, Yum J, Versluis A, Lee CJ, Kim BM. Potential relationship between design of nickel titanium rotary instruments and vertical root fracture. J Endod 2010;36(7):1195–9.
[5]. Yoldas O, Yilmaz S, Atakan G, Kuden C, Kasan Z. Dentinal microcrack formation during root canal preparations by different NiTi rotary instruments and the self-adjusting file. J Endod 2012;38(2):232–5.

Abstract: Primary squamous cell carcinoma of the breast (SCCB) is a rare and aggressive breast malignancy; its management is still not well established. This was a retrospective study of patients diagnosed and treated at our hospital for a primary squamous cell carcinoma of the Breast from January 2014 to January 2019. We identified 6 patients with SCCB during this period. The median age at presentation was 52.3 years. 4 patients were negative for hormone receptors as well as human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER-2), they underwent a modified radical mastectomy......

Key Word: Primary squamous cell carcinoma of the breast, aggressive breast cancer

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[4]. Yadav, Siddhartha, Dhiraj Yadav, and Dana Zakalik. "Squamous cell carcinoma of the breast in the United States: incidence, demographics, tumor characteristics, and survival." Breast cancer research and treatment 164.1 (2017): 201-208.
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Abstract: Background and aims: Mucormycosis or as it is called, "the black fungus" has taken the headlines these days and has created a huge fury in everybody's mind. A rapid surge in cases in the post-COVID period has further complicated the pandemic scenario leading to declaring mucormycosis an epidemic in Indian states. We aim to conduct a questionnaire survey looking out for the most common predisposing factors for mucormycosis among COVID-19 patients. Methods: A questionnaire survey was conducted on a sample size of 50 COVID affected patients admitted for mucormycosis in govt. Medical college and hospital, Aurangabad during 6 months period from March 2021 to August 2021.......

Key Word: mucormycosis, COVID-19, diabetes mellitus, corticosteroids

[1]. Song G, Liang G, Liu W. Fungal co-infections associated with global COVID-19 pandemic: a clinical and diagnostic perspective from china. Mycopathologia. 2020 aug;185(4):599-606.
[2]. SkiadaA, Pavleas I, Drogari-Apiranthitou M. Epidemiology and diagnosis of mucormycosis: an update. Journal of fungi. 2020 nov 2;6(4):265.
[3]. Laali KK, Greves WJ, Correa-Smits SJ, Zwarycz AT, Bunge SD, Borosky GL, Manna A, Paulus A, Chanan-Khan A. Novel fluorinated curcuminoids and their pyrazole and isoxazole derivatives: synthesis, structural studies, computational/docking and in-vitro bioassay. Journal of fluorine chemistry. 2018 feb 1;206:82-98.
[4]. Yang X, Yu Y, Xu J, Shu H, Liu H, Wu Y, Zhang L, Yu Z, Fang M, Yu T, Wang Y. Clinical course and outcomes of critically ill patients with sars-cov-2 pneumonia in wuhan, china: a single-centered, retrospective, observational study. The lancet respiratory medicine. 2020 may 1;8(5):475-81.
[5]. Gangneux JP, Bougnoux ME, Annaoui E, Cornet M, Zahar JR. Invasive fungal diseases during COVID-19: we should be prepared. Journal de mycologie medicale. 2020 jun 1;30(2):100971.

Abstract: BACKGROUND Iron deficiency anemia is the most common nutritional deficiency in children of developing countries. Anemia is found to retard the cognitive development of children as well as the language development. Studies have shown the short term effects of iron therapy on the development. In this study we were intended to determine the long term effects of iron therapy on the development of child. This study was done to show the long term effects of iron therapy on cognitive function and psychomotor development in preschool anemic children. MATERIALS & METHODS.......

Key Word: Iron deficiency, Anemia, Binet Scale, Cognition, psychomotor development

[1]. Prasad AN, Prasad C. Iron deficiency; non-hematological manifestations. Prog Food Nutr Sci 1991;15:255-83.
[2]. International Institute for Population Sciences (IIPS) and Macro International. 2007. National Family Health Survey (NFHS-3), 2005-06, India.
[3]. Kohli-kumar M. Screening for anemia in children. Paediatrics 2001;108:56-9.
[4]. Beard JL. Why iron deficiency is important in infant development. J Nutr 2008;138:2534–6.
[5]. Oski FA, Honig AS, Helu B, Howanitz P. Effect of iron therapy on behavior performance in non anemic, iron-deficient infants. Pediatrics 1983;71:877–80.

Abstract: Background: Contribution of cirrhosis and its complications, collectively chronic liver diseases (C.L.D.s), as causes of mortality in India have been increasing progressively since 1980. The cultural–lifestyle transition India is currently passing through with the progressive adoption of a western diet, sedentary habits, and an aura of freedom from long-held taboos around alcohol in the society create grounds for a spectrum of liver diseases in India. The diagnosis and therapeutic management of patients with chronic liver disease depend on an accurate assessment of the level of hepatic fibrosis. For more than 20 years, Doppler ultrasonography (US) has been used to evaluate arterial blood flow in people with liver cirrhosis. To prioritize patients for organ transplants based on severity and three-month survival rates, the United Network for Organ Sharing first.......

Key Word: Chronic liver disease (CLD), Colour Doppler sonography, Hepatic artery doppler, MELD score, Model End-Stage Liver Disease (MELD) score

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