iosr-JDMS   Volume-22 ~ Issue-4 ~ April 2023

Abstract: Background: Recently, oral and maxillofacial surgeons are favouring three-dimensional (3D) miniplates to treat mandibular fractures. Aims: The aim of the study is to evaluate the efficacy of 3D-Stainless Steel miniplates in the management of anterior mandibular fracture. Materials and Methods: Ten patients with anterior mandibular fractures were treated by open reduction and internal fixation using stainless steel 3D miniplates. Postoperatively patients were analyzed at the 1st week, 6th week.....

Keywords : 3D Stainless Steel mini plates; Osteosynthesis; Mandibular Fractures, infection

[1]. Motamedi, M.H.K., et al., Pattern of maxillofacial fractures: A 5-year analysis of 8,818 patients. 2014. 77(4): p. 630-634. doi:10.1097/ta.0000000000000369
[2]. Chiarelli, P.A., et al., 28 - Traumatic Skull and Facial Fractures, in Principles of Neurological Surgery (Fourth Edition), R.G. Ellenbogen, et al., Editors. 2018, Elsevier: Philadelphia. p. 445-474.e1.
[3]. Iizuka, T., et al., Infection after rigid internal fixation of mandibular fractures: a clinical and radiologic study. J Oral Maxillofac Surg, 1991. 49(6): p. 585-93. doi:10.1016/0278-2391(91)90340-r
[4]. Pogrel, M.A., Compression osteosynthesis in mandibular fractures. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg, 1986. 15(5): p. 521-4. doi:10.1016/s0300-9785(86)80053-9
[5]. Kárász, I., L. Köröndi, and G. Szabó, Photoelastic stress analysis on mandibular osteosynthesis. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg, 1986. 15(3): p. 259-62. doi:10.1016/s0300-9785(86)80082-5.

Abstract: Introduction Twins form a high-risk group of newborns because of their tendency for premature births and intrauterine growth retardation. As a result of multiple pregnancy, the normal ability of the woman to adapt herself to the needs of pregnancy are significantly altered. Twin birth is associated with increased risk of neonatal morbidity and mortality and disadvantages in growth and neuro-developmental status than singletons. Aim and objectives 1. To study the clinical profile and outcome of newborns in multiple pregnancies in a tertiary care hospital. 2. To study the predictors of outcome of newborns in multiple pregnancies......

Keywords- Multiple pregnancy, gestational age, Appropriate for gestational age, large for gestational age, small for gestational age.

[1]. Yasmin S, Osrin D, Paul E, Costello A. Neonatal mortality of low-birth-weight infants in Bangladesh. Bull World Health Organis. 2001;79(7):608-14. [2]. McCormick MC. The contribution of low birth weight to infant mortality and childhood morbidity. N Engl J Med. 1985;312(2):82-90.
[3]. Anna dera et al, Twin pregnancy – physiology, complications and mode of delivery, Archives of Perinatal Medicine; 13, (3), 7 – 16, 2007.
[4]. Bulmer MG, The Biology of Twinning in Man. Oxford: Oxford University Press;1970.
[5]. Little J, Thompson B Descriptive epidemiology. In: McGillivray I, Campbell DM, Thompson BJ, editors. Twinning and Twins. New York: Wiley; 1988:37-66..

Abstract: Introduction: Total intravenous anaesthesia can be an effective alternative to inhalational anaesthesia. Propofol has been considered as a gold-standard for total intravenous anaesthesia (TIVA) for short surgical procedures with its main shortcoming being lack of analgesia, therefore it is always combined with an analgesic. Ketamine and fentanyl are the popular analgesic in this context. Aim: To compare the induction characteristics, maintenance of anaesthesia, awakening and recovery characteristics while performing TIVA with either propofol-ketamine or propofol-fentanyl combinations.....

Key Words: Total Intravenous Anaesthesia; Ketamine; Propofol; Fentanyl

[1]. Matsuki A. A review of recent advances in total intravenous anaesthesia. Masui 1991;40(5):684-691.
[2]. Dunnihoo M, Wuest A, Meyer M, et al. The effects of total intravenous anaesthesia using propofol, ketamine, and vecuronium on cardiovascular response and wake up time. AANA J 1994;62(3):261-266.
[3]. Guit JBM, Koning HM, Coster ML. Ketamine as analgesic for total intravenous anaesthesia with propofol. Anaesthesia. 1991;46(1):24-7.
[4]. Akcaboy ZN, Akcaboy EY, Albayrak D, Altinoren B, Dikmen B. Gogus N, et al. Canremifentanil be a better choice than propofol for colonoscopy during monitored anesthesia care? Acta Anaesthesiol Scand. 2006;50:736-41.
[5]. Lichtenbelt BJ, Mertens M, Vuyk J. Strategiest ooptimise propofol-opioid anaesthesia. Clin Pharmacokinet. 2004;43:577-93..

Abstract: Background: The placenta is considered the most accurate record of the pre-natal experiences of infants. Examination of the placenta in high-risk pregnancy yields information regarding the nature and duration of processes that have occurred during the gestational period. The present study was conducted to assess the incidence of placental abnormalities in high-risk pregnancies and its association with adverse perinatal outcomes. Materials and Methods: The present study was a prospective observational study carried out in a tertiary care teaching hospital of Maharashtra, India for 18 months. The population for the study was pregnant women of ≥37 weeks of gestation. The women were divided into two groups of 50 mothers each, Group A having uncomplicated pregnancies and Group B......

Key Word: Placental abnormalities, low-birth weight, neonatal mortality, high-risk pregnancies, India

[1]. Kulandaivelu AR, Srinivasamurthy BC, Murugan A, Mutharasu A. Morphology and morphometric study of human placenta in rural southern India. Br J Med Med Res. 2014 May 21;4(15):2995.
[2]. Robboy SJ, Anderson MC, Russell P, editors. Pathology of the female reproductive tract. Gulf Professional Publishing; 2002.
[3]. Udainia A, Jain ML. Morphological study of placenta in pregnancy induced hypertension with its clinical relevance. J Anat Soc India. 2001;50(1):24-7
[4]. Anjankar VP, Parchand MP, Anjankar AP, Kamdi NY, Meshram MM. Placental morphometry in toxaemia of pregnancy. Sch J Appl Med Sci. 2014;2(1B):205-8.
[5]. Gudmundsson S, Dubiel M, Sladkevicius P. Placental morphologic and functional imaging in high-risk pregnancies. Seminars in perinatology. 2009 Aug 1 (Vol. 33, No. 4, pp. 270-280). WB Saunders

Abstract: Dengue fever (DF) and its severe forms - dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) and dengue shock syndrome (DSS) have become major public health concerns in our country. There arises a need to study the biochemical markers which can depict prognosis and point towards the deteriorating course of disease early before such complications arise. We investigated 85 patients, who were dengue NS1 or IgM positive. This study aims to identify the utility of LDH and S. ionized calcium as a prognostic marker and outcome predictor in Dengue Fever. We observed a median value of LDH in patients with severe dengue to be 1675.5U/L, followed by 799.5U/L in dengue with warning signs and 388U/L....

[1]. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3510884/ [2]. Uddin, Khwaja & Musa, AKM & Haque, Mohosinul & Sarker, Rene Suzan Claude. (2009). A Follow-Up on Biochemical Parameters in Dengue Patients Attending BIRDEM Hospital. Ibrahim Medical College Journal. 2. 10.3329/imcj.v2i1.2928. [3]. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16185453/#:~:text=Dengue%20outbreak%20had%20involved%20675,thrombocytopenia%20(60.8%25)%2C%20respectively[4]. Sirikut P and Kalayanarooj S. Serum lactate and lactate dehydrogenase as parameters for the prediction of dengue severity. J Med Assoc Thai. 2014;97(6):220-31. [5]. V S Sheshan, Deepali, Guruprasad C Shenoy, Sudheendra, & S T Kavya. (2021). Analysis of Hypocalcemia in Dengue and Correlation of Serum Calcium Levels with Severity of Dengue Disease. Academia Journal of Medicine, 4(1), 74-77

Abstract: AIM: To study the effectiveness of intrastromal voriconazole in recalcitrant fungal keratitis. MATERIALS AND METHODS:
The study was conducted over a period of one year, from November 2019 to October 2020. 30 eyes of 30 patients with a microbiologically proven fungal corneal ulcer that did not respond to topical antifungal therapy were included in the study. Patient satisfying inclusion and exclusion criteria were included in the study. Intrastromal voriconazole injection at a dosage of 50 μg/0.1 ml in divided doses with 30G or 25 G needle around the infiltrate RESULTS: Of the 30 patients enrolled in the study, intrastromal injections of voriconazole helped resolve the infection in 23 (76.6%) patients, of which 20 cases resolved.......

[1]. Chidambaram, J.D., Prajna, N.V., Srikanthi, P., Lanjewar, S., Shah, M., Elakkiya, S., Lalitha, P., Burton, M.J. 2018. Epidemiology, risk factors, and clinical outcomes in severe microbial keratitis in South India. Ophthalmic Epidemiol. 25(4): 297–305.
[2]. Kaushik S, Ram J, Brar GS, et al. Intracameral amphotericin B: initial experience in severe keratomycosis. Cornea 2001; 20:715–19.
[3]. Siatiri H, Daneshgar F, Siatiri N, et al. The effects of intrastromal voriconazole injection and topical voriconazole in the treatment of recalcitrant Fusarium keratitis. Cornea 2011; 30:872–5.
[4]. Sengupta S, Rajan S, Krishnan T, et al. Comparative study on the incidence and outcomes of pigmented versus non pigmented keratomycosis. Indian J Ophthalmol 2011; 59:291–6.
[5]. Lipp HP. Antifungal agents clinical pharmacokinetics and drug interactions. Mycoses 2008; 51:7e18.

Abstract: Background: Pregnancy-related hypertensive disorders are a significant cause of adverse maternal and fetal outcomes, especially in developing areas of the world. The present study was undertaken to assess the maternal and fetal outcomes in pregnant women with pregnancy induced hypertension (PIH). Method: This prospective, analytical hospital-based study was conducted on total 370 pregnant women between 21-40 weeks of gestation attending OPD as well as admitted patients in tertiary care centre during a period of 18 months from January 2021 to June 2022. Results: The mean age of patients was 24.3±3.88 years. Majority of patients were primigravida (62.16%), presented between 32-37 weeks........

Keywords: Pregnancy induced hypertension; Primigravida; Anti-hypertensives; Antepartum hemorrhage; APGAR score; Pre-eclampsia; Eclampsia

[1]. James PR, Nelson-Piercy C. Management of hypertension before, during and after pregnancy. Heart.2004;90:1499-1504.
[2]. Ain SN, Gull S, QulsumR, Khan ZA, Qureshi UA. Prevalence of pregnancy induced hypertension and associated factors in Kashmiri women attending a tertiary care hospital at Srinagar: a cross-sectional study.Int J Reprod Contracept Obstet Gynecol 2023;12:387-90.
[3]. Khan KS, Wojdyla D, Say L, et al. WHO analysis of causes of maternal death: a systematic review. Lancet 2006;367: 1066-1074 [ Prakash J, Ganiger VC. Acute Kidney Injury in Pregnancy-specific Disorders. Indian J Nephrol. 2017;27(4):258-270. [ Sharma D, Shastri S, Sharma P. Intrauterine Growth Restriction: Antenatal and Postnatal Aspects. Clin Med Insights Pediatr. 2016;10:67-83..

Abstract:Angiodysplasias are acquired superficial vascular malformations developed in the mucosa or submucosa of the digestive tract. The aim of our work is to describe the epidemiological and endoscopic aspects of angiodysplasias, to evaluate the efficency of their treatments by APC and to identify the predictive factors for failure of this technique. Material and method:
Descriptive retrospective study from January 2010 to December 2017. All patients with hemorrhagic angiodysplasias regardless their localization, were included outside patients with radiation proctitis. Résultat: We collected 40 cases. All our patients were had a digestive hemorrhage or anemic syndrome. For each patient, a complete endoscopic assessment was performed to determine the origin of the bleeding. In our series, 23 patients (57.5%) were female and 17 male. The mean age at diagnosis......

[1]. Beg S, Ragunath K, Review on gastrointestinal angiodysplasia throughout the gastrointestinal tract, Best Practice & Research Clinical Gastroenterology (2017), doi: 10.1016/ j.bpg.2016.11.004.
[2]. Andre Van Gossum ;Obscure digestive bleeding Best Practice & Research Clinical Gastroenterology Vol. 15, No. 1, pp. 155±174, 2001 doi:10.1053/bega.2000.0161
[3]. Boley, S.J. and L.J. Brandt, Vascular ectasias of the colon—1986. Digestivediseases and sciences, 1986. 31: p. 26-42.
[4]. Kaaroud H, Fatma LB, Beji S, et al. Gastrointestinal angiodysplasia in chronic renal failure. Saudi J Kidney Dis Transplant 2008;19(5):809-812.
[5]. Lanas A, Carrera-Lasfuentes P, Arguedas Y, et al. Risk of upper and lower gastrointestinal bleeding in patients taking nonsteroidal anti-inflammatorydrugs, antiplatelet agents, or anticoagulants. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 13(5):906–912. doi:10.1016/j.cgh.2014.11.007e902.

Abstract: Background: Hydrogen peroxide is an effective chemotherapeutic agent which helps to reduce level of micro-organisms further reducing inflammation in tissues .The objective of this systemic review was to evaluate the efficacy of hydrogen peroxide gel as an adjunct to scaling and root planing as compared to scaling and root planing alone in treating moderate to severe chronic periodontitis. Materials and Methods: An electronic search was made in PubMed, Google Scholar and EMBASE databases. The search strategy provided a total........

Keywords: peroxide gel, scaling and root planning, randomized controlled trial ,systematic review, customized tray.

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[5]. Hung HC, Douglas CW. Meta-analysis of the effect of scaling and root planing, surgical treatment and antibiotic therapies on periodontal probing depth and attachment loss. J Clin Periodontol 2002;29:975-986.