iosr-JDMS   Volume-24 ~ Issue-1 ~ January 2025

Abstract: Background The rate of admission of patients with gynaecological problems is dynamic, and changes over the years. This could be exploited to improve health services. Objectives This study intends to evaluate the trend in gynaecological admissions and surgeries over the past 7 years. Method and materials This was a retrospective cross-sectional study of 910 women who were admitted into the gynaecological ward at the Niger Delta University......

Key Words: gynecological, admission, diagnosis, trend

[1] Diallo M.H, Diallo F.B. Keita M., Baldé D. B, Barry A.B, Baldé I.T. Et Al. Gynecological And Obstetrical Emergencies At The University Clinic Of Gynecology-Ob- Stetrics Of The National Hospital Donka Guinea. Open J. Obstet. Gynecol. 2021; 11, 1862-74. Doi.Org/10.4236/Ojog.2021.1112173
[2] Saidu I, Natalia A, Idris A, Ibrahim G. Pattern Of Gynaecological Admissions In Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital: A Three Year Review. Ojog. 2011; 28: 145 – 50.
[3] Shehla J, Akansha T, Shweta S. Assessment Of Gynaecological Emergencies, A Critical Appraisal In A Semi-Urban Teaching Institution Of Western Uttar Pradesh. Indian J Obstet Gynaecol. 2024; 13(4): 41 – 45.
[4] Dutta, S, Biswas, R, Lahiri, A. A Study On Bed Utilization In The Gynaecological Ward Of A District Hospital In West Bengal. Indian J Public Health. 2005; 49(4): 263-4.
[5] Buowar D. Pattern Of Gynaecological Admission At A Rural Hospital In Nigeria. Int. J. Trop. Med. 2009; 7(1): 1-4.

Abstract: Background: A significant proportion of oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCC) develop from premalignant lesions such as leukoplakia and conditions such as oral submucous fibrosis(OSMF). Deficiency of iron, Vitamin B-12, and folate can affect the integrity of the oral mucosa. Significant hematological abnormalities have been reported in OSMF, including an increased blood sedimentation rate, and a decrease in serum iron and an increase in total iron binding capacity. Therefore, this study is aimed at estimating hematological parameters in OSMF patients and to analyze their association with different grades of OSMF........

Keywords: premalignant; submucous fibrosis; malignancy; anemia; trismus

[1] Mehrotra R, Singh M, Kumar D, Pande An, Gupta Rk, Sinha Us. Age Specific Incidence Rate And Pathological Spectrum Or Oral Cancer In Allahabad. Indian J Med Sci. 2003;57:400–4.
[2] Humayun S, Prasad Vr. Expression Of P53 Protein And Ki-67 Antigen In Oral Premalignant Lesions And Oral Squamous Cell Carcinomas: An Immunohistochemical Study. Natl J Maxillofac Surg. 2011;2:38–46.
[3] Pindborg Jj, Sirsat Sm. Oral Submucous Fibrosis. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol. 1966;22:764–79.
[4] Hazarey Vk, Erlewad Dm, Mundhe Ka, Ughade Sn. Oral Submucous Fibrosis: Study Of 1000 Cases From Central India. J Oral Pathol Med. 2007;36:12–7.
[5] Gupta Mk, Mhaske S, Ragavendra, Imtiyaz Oral Submucous Fibrasis- Current Concept In Etiopathogenasis. People's J Sci Res. 2008;1:39–44

Abstract: Background: The impact of tinnitus in daily life is highly variable. Tinnitus can be bothersome and persistent. Cochlear function is dependent on adequate vascular supply and normal functioning of nerve tissue. Vitamin B12 is an important co-factor in basic myelin protein synthesis. Hence it needs to find out the relation between vitamin B12 with tinnitus so that curative measures can be taken to improve the quality of life.......

Key Word: Idiopathic tinnitus, vitamin B12, audiological profile, association, tinnitus severity index

[1]. Worrall D, Cosetti M. Tinnitus and hyperacusis. In: Flint P et al editors. Cummings Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery.7th ed. Vol 3; Philadelphia: Elsevier; 2021:2328-41.
[2]. McFerran D, Philips J. Tinnitus and hyperacusis. In: Watkinson J C, Clarke R W, editors. Scott-Brown’s Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery. 8th ed. Vol 2; Boca Raton: CRC press; 2018:753-74.
[3]. H J H. Epidemiology of tinnitus. Tinnitus: Theory and management.2004:16-41.
[4]. Hazarika P, Nayak, Balakrishnan. Tinnitus.Textbook of Ear, Nose, Throat and Head & Neck Surgery. 3th ed. New Delhi: CBS Publishers;110-113.
[5]. Shore S E, Roberts L E, Langguth B. Maladaptive plasticity in tinnitus- triggers, mechanisms and treatment. Nature Reviews Neurology. 2016 Mar;12(3):150-60..

Abstract: Periapical lesions develop as a sequelae to pulpal diseases and usually develop in non-vital teeth as a result of chronic aggression by the pathogenic microorganisms into the root canal which may appear as radiolucent in periapical radiographs. Treatment of such lesions usually varies from non-surgical and surgical means depending on the individual. In the era of minimally invasive, dentistry, non-surgical endodontic approach has been highly recommended in the periapical healing. The success of root canal treatment is based on thorough cleaning, shaping and.......

Keywords: non vital, periapical lesion, intracanal medicament, calcium hydroxide, non surgical.

[1] Leonardo Mr, Leal Jm. Endodontics: Root Canal Treatment (3rd Ed). São Paulo: Médica Panamericana; 1998. [2] Orstavik D, Kerekes K, Molven O. Effects Of Extensive Apical Reaming And Calcium Hydroxide Dressing On Bacterial Infection During Treatment Of Apical Periodontitis: A Pilot Study. Int Endod J. 1991; 24:1-7. [3] G Sundqvist Taxonomy, Ecology, And Pathogenicity Of The Root Canal Flora. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol.1994 Oct;78(4):522-30.
[4] T Ishida Pathology Of Periapical Lesions.Oral Radiol.1988;4:35-39
[5] L S W Spangberg, M Haapasalo Rationale And Efficacy Of Root Canal Medicaments And Root Filling Materials With Emphasis On Treatment Outcome. Endod Top.2002;2:35-58

Abstract: Background: In general, treatment with a tooth-implant-supported prosthesis is as predictable as with a fully implant-supported prosthesis. We present a clinical case of a tooth-implant-supported fixed dental prosthesis. Clinical case: 54-year-old man, who came to the dental clinic in December 2024 to place an implant in position 16. An orthopantomogram showed a severe bone deficiency in area 16 and a fixed metal-porcelain bridge supported by two implants in positions 14 and 15.....

Keywords implant; tooth; prosthesis; screwed; cemented.

[1] M Esposito, H V Worthington, P Thomsen, P Coulthard. Interventions For Replacing Missing Teeth: Different Types Of Dental Implants. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2003;(3):Cd003815. Doi: 10.1002/14651858.Cd003815.
[2] Marco Esposito 1, Maria Gabriella Grusovin, Hubert Achille, Paul Coulthard, Helen V Worthington. Interventions For Replacing Missing Teeth: Different Times For Loading Dental Implants. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2009;(1):Cd003878. Doi: 10.1002/14651858.Cd003878.Pub4.
[3] M Esposito 1, H V Worthington, P Coulthard. Interventions For Replacing Missing Teeth: Different Times For Loading Dental Implants. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2003;(1):Cd003878. Doi: 10.1002/14651858.Cd003878.
[4] Janiga, A. Implant Crowns – Cement, Screw Or Both? 2020. Accessed January 31, 2024 At Https://Www.Speareducation.Com/Spear-Review/2020/01/Implant-Crowns-Cement-Screw-Or-Both
[5] Anonymous. Cement Vs. Screw-Retained Implant Crowns. 2019. Accessed January 30, 2023 At Https://Hiossen.Com/Dental-Implants/Cement-Vs-Screw-Retained-Implant-Crowns/.

Abstract: Introduction: Echogenic thyroid nodules are a common finding in clinical practice, often identified incidentally during imaging studies. Factors such as age, gender, and nodule characteristics are crucial in determining malignancy risk. This study aims to evaluate the age- and gender-related distribution of echogenic thyroid nodules and their histopathological outcomes, contributing to the growing body of knowledge on thyroid nodule management. Methods: The study was conducted as a retrospective observational analysis at a tertiary care hospital in Dhaka, Bangladesh from........

Keywords: Histopathology, Demography, Thyroid nodule, Malignancy

[1] Gharib H, Papini E. Thyroid Nodules: Clinical Importance, Assessment, And Treatment. Endocrinology And Metabolism Clinics Of North America. 2007 Sep 1;36(3):707-35.
[2] Chaudhary V, Bano S. Imaging Of The Thyroid: Recent Advances. Indian Journal Of Endocrinology And Metabolism. 2012 May 1;16(3):371-6.
[3] Lee Yh, Baek Jh, Jung Sl, Kwak Jy, Kim Jh, Shin Jh. Ultrasound-Guided Fine Needle Aspiration Of Thyroid Nodules: A Consensus Statement By The Korean Society Of Thyroid Radiology. Korean Journal Of Radiology. 2015 Apr 1;16(2):391-401.
[4] Chowdhury S, Mukherjee S, Mukhopadhyay S, Mazumder R. The Thyroid Nodule--Evaluation And Management. Journal Of The Indian Medical Association. 2006 Oct 1;104(10):568-70.
[5] Kitahara Cm, Schneider Ab. Epidemiology Of Thyroid Cancer. Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention. 2022 Jul 1;31(7):1284-97

Abstract: Background: This study aimed to evaluate implant primary stability as a primary objective and radiographic bone density as a secondary objective using ossedensification burs in comparison with expanders in maxill. Materials and Methods: In this study, twenty implants were placed in ten patients who had lost teeth between the second right and second left maxillary premolars.The implants were divided into two equal groups. One implant was placed after........

Keywords: Atrophic maxilla; ossedensification ; Expansion ; Implant stability ; Bone density; Fractal analysis

[1] Pauwels, R., Jacobs, R., Singer, S. R. & Mupparapu, M. Cbct-Based Bone Quality Assessment: Are Hounsfield Units Applicable? Title Page-Include Author Details Here Only! (2015).
[2] Esposito, M., Ardebili, Y. & Worthington, H. V. Interventions For Replacing Missing Teeth: Different Types Of Dental Implants. Cochrane Database Syst. Rev. 2014, (2014).
[3] Demetriades, N., Park, J. Il & Laskarides, C. Alternative Bone Expansion Technique For Implant Placement In Atrophic Edentulous Maxilla And Mandible. J. Oral Implantol. 37, 463–471 (2011).
[4] Karacayli, U., Dikicier, E. & Dikicier, S. Dental Implant Placement In Inadequate Posterior Maxilla. Curr. Concepts Dent. Implantol. 491–499 (2015) Doi:10.5772/59458.
[5] Technologies, E., Selvi, S. M. & Kavitha, C. M Edical I Mplant S Ystem. 6, 410–416 (2014).

Abstract: Background: To determine whether maternal age and folic acid intake are associated with non-syndromic clefts of the lip and palate in full-term neonates. Materials and Methods: The statistics and informatics office of the INMP provided the medical records of neonates born at term to select non-syndromic newborns with cleft lip and palate (case group) according to ICD-10 classification. And, neonates born at term on the same date without a diagnosis of cleft lip and palate ICD-10 (control group). For the variables........

Keywords: full-term births, cleft lip and palate, folic acid, maternal age.

[1] Buyu, Y., Manyama, M., Chandika, A., & Gilyoma, J. (2012). Orofacial Clefts At Bugando Medical Centre: Associated Factors And Postsurgical Complications. The Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Journal, 49(6), 736–740. Https://Doi.Org/10.1597/10-202
[2] Cavazos-Rehg, P. A., Krauss, M. J., Spitznagel, E. L., Bommarito, K., Madden, T., Olsen, M. A., Subramaniam, H., Peipert, J. F., & Bierut, L. J. (2014). Maternal Age And Risk Of Labor And Delivery Complications. Maternal And Child Health Journal, 19(6), 1202–1211. Https://Doi.Org/10.1007/S10995-014-1624-7
[3] Donoso, E., Carvajal, J. A., Vera, C., & Poblete, J. A. (2014). The Age Of The Woman As A Risk Factor For Maternal, Fetal, Neonatal And Infant Mortality. Medical Journal Of Chile, 142(2), 168–174. Https://Doi.Org/10.4067/S0034-98872014000200004
[4] [4]. François-Fiquet, C., Poli-Merol, M. L., Nguyen, P., Landais, E., Gaillard, D., & Doco-Fenzy, M. (2014). Role Of Angiogenesis-Related Genes In Cleft Lip/Palate: Review Of The Literature. International Journal Of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology, 78(10), 1579–1585. Https://Doi.Org/10.1016/J.Ijporl.2014.08.001
[5] Jayarajan R, Natarajan A, Nagamuttu R. Efficacy Of Periconceptional High-Dose Folic Acid In Isolated Orofacial Cleft Prevention: A Systematic Review. Indian J Plast Surg. 2019 May;52(2):153-159. Doi:10.1055/S-0039-1696864. Epub 2019 Sep 10. Pmid: 31602129; Pmcid: Pmc6785341

Abstract: Background: The constant advance of digital technology is one of the most obvious examples of the innovations that dental professionals must incorporate and that can revolutionize the profession.The objective of this systematic review is to analyze and evaluate the benefits and impact of the implementation of digital flow in orthodontics and pediatric dentistry, evaluating the help of the different technological tools that the current era offers us.........

Keywords: Systematic Review; Orthodontics; Technology; Dental

[1]. Alqahtani J.; Alhemaidi, G.; Alqahtani, H.; Abufhandar, A.; Alsaadi, R.; Algarni, I.; Et Al.. Digital Diagnosis And Orthodontic Practice. J Health Sci. 2022; 2(6). Http://Dx.Doi.Org/10.52533/JOHS.2022.2605
[2]. Ramada, K.A.; Kamal, A.; Ibrahim, M.; Hatem, M.; Roshdy, Y.; Fayed, M.M. Digital Orthodontis: An Overview. MSA J Dent. 2023; 2(2): 4953. Http://Dx.Doi.Org/10.21608/Msadj.2023.211756.1020
[3]. Beretta, M.; Canova, F.F.; Zaffarano, L.; Gianolio, A. DOP Dentistry: Digitally Embracing Orthodontics And Paediatric Dentistry. Eur J Paediatr Dent.2022; 23(4). DOI: 10.23804/Ejpd.2022.23.04.08
[4]. Khan, M.K. Modern Digital Pediatric Dentistry With The Advent Of Intraoral Sensors, Computer-Aided Design/Computer-Aided Manufacturing, And Three-Dimensional Printing Technologies: A Comprehensive Review. J Dent Res. .2022; 9:195-201. Https://Doi.Org/10.4103/Jdrr.Jdrr_83_22
[5]. Huqh, M.Z.U.; Abdullah, J.Y.; Wong, L.S.; Jamayet, N.B.; Alam, M.K.; Rashid, Q.F. Et Al. Clinical Applications Of Artificial Intelligence And Machine Learning In Children With Cleft Lip And Palate—A Systematic Review. Int. J Environ Res. Public Health. 2022, 19, 10860. Https://Doi.Org/10.3390/Ijerph191710860

Abstract: Background: Eating disorders are associated with eating habits and behaviors, commonly characterized by irregular food consumption, obsession, compulsion, and restrictive diets. Objective: To screen for eating disorders in adolescents regularly enrolled in two public schools. Method: Cross-sectional, observational, and epidemiological study carried out between 2023/February and 2024/October with adolescents regularly enrolled in two public schools in Cascavel City, PR, Brazil, by application........

Keywords: eating disorder, adolescent, obesity, anorexia, bulimia

[1] Salomão Jo, Marinho I De P, Acosta Rjdlt, Nascimento Pl Do, Silva Mm Da, Almada Mor Do V, Et Al. Indícios De Transtornosalimentaresemadolescentes / Evidence Of Eating Disorders In Adolescents. Brazilian Journal Of Health Review. 2021;4(2):5665–78.
[2] Gomes Elv Da S, Silva Jea Da, Silva Rr Da, Oliveira Tc De, Landim La Dos Sr. The Impacto F The Development Of Eating Disorders In Adolescentes: A Review. Research, Society And Development. 2021 Oct 26;10(14):E92101421648.
[3] Batista M, Antic Lz, Zaja O, Kakovina T, Begovac I. Predictors Of Eating Disorder Risck In Anorexia Nervosa In Adolescents.Acta Clinicacroatica. 2018;57(3):399-410.
[4] Kessler, Al; Poll, Af. Relationship Between Body Image, Atttitudes Towards Eating Disorders And Nutritional Status In University Students In The Health Area. Brazilianjournalofpsychiatry, 2018; 67 (2):118-125.
[5] Oliveira Lsh, Wilvert Ap. Fatores De Risco Para Transtornos Alimentares Em Adolescentesdo Sexo Feminino. Open Science Research Viii [Internet]. 2022;709–14. Available From: Https://Downloads.Editoracientifica.Com.Br/Articles/221111007.Pdf.

Abstract: Background: Dental implants have significantly advanced oral rehabilitation protocol since Dr. Branemark's discovery of osseointegration. However, limitations such as prolonged healing, bone loss, and certain medical conditions can hinder the success of traditional implant procedures. Basal implants, placed in dense cortical bone at a strategic location, offer a viable alternative for challenging cases. With a history dating back to the 1970s, these implants have evolved into a treatment........

Keywords: Cortical implantology, Immediate Loading, osseointegration

[1] Branemark P.I. Osseointegration And Its Experimental Background. J Prosthet.Dent, 1983Sept;50(3):399-410.
[2] Misch Carl. E. Contemporary Implant Dentistry,3rd Edition. St. Louis, Mosby, (2008), P3.
[3] Oh T-J, Yoon J, Misch Carl. E. Et Al: The Cause Of Early Implant Bone Loss: Myth Of Sciences, J Periodontology 73: 322-333,2002.
[4] Ardekian L, Levit L, Ishabaiv R, Levit M. Pterygoid Dental Implants: An Alternative Solution For Treatment Of Posterior Atrophic Maxilla. Clinical Report On A Series Of 20 Patients. World J Oral Maxillofacsurg 2018; 1:1007.
[5] Bobbio A. The First Endoosseous Alloplastic Implants In The History Of Man. Bulletin Of The History Of Dentistry. 1972; 6:20

Abstract: This study investigates the impact of various implant thread designs on stress distribution at the bone-implant interface using three-dimensional finite element analysis (FEA). Implants with V-shaped, square, buttress, reverse buttress, and trapezoidal threads were modelled and subjected to a 250 N vertical load in ANSYS software. The results indicated that trapezoidal threads showed superior stress distribution, reducing stress levels at the implant-bone interface, while V-shaped threads resulted in the highest stress concentrations. These findings emphasize the importance of thread geometry in achieving optimal stress distribution, which may enhance implant longevity and improve clinical outcomes.

Keywords: Implant thread designs, Finite Element Analysis, Stress distribution, Dental implants, Osseointegration

[1] Meijer Hj, Kuiper Jh, Starmans Fj, Stress Distribution Around Dental Implants: Influence Of Superstructure, Length Of Implants, And Height Of Mandible. J Prosthet Dent 1992;68:96-102.
[2] Rangert B, Krogh Ph, Langer B, Et Al: Bending Overload And Implant Fracture: A Retrospective Clinical Analysis. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants 1996;11:575.
[3] Dincer Bozkaya, Sinan Muftu, Ali Muftu, Evaluation Of Load Transfer Characteristics Of Five Different Implants In Compact Bone At Different Load Levels By Finite Elements Analysis, J Prosthet Dent 2004;92:523 -30.
[4] Meijer Hj, Kuiper Jh, Starmans Fj, Stress Distribution Around Dental Implants: Influence Of Superstructure, Length Of Implants, And Height Of Mandible. J Prosthet Dent 1992;68:96-102.
[5] Ernst-Jürgen Richter, In Vivo Vertical Forces On Implants, Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants 1995;10:99 –108