iosr-JDMS   Volume-25 ~ Issue-2 ~ February 2026

Abstract: Background: Oral health is vital to overall well-being, with dental caries and periodontal diseases being common yet preventable issues. Inadequate awareness and improper oral hygiene contribute to a high burden of oral diseases, particularly in developing countries like India. Evaluating the oral hygiene knowledge and practices of patients at a private dental college can help identify gaps in awareness and inform effective oral health education and prevention programs.....

Key Word: Oral health, Oral Hygiene, Teeth, General health

[1]. Glick M, Williams DM, Kleinman DV, Vujicic M, Watt RG, Weyant RJ. A New Definition For Oral Health Developed By The FDI World Dental Federation Opens The Door To A Universal Definition Of Oral Health. J Am Dent Assoc. Dec 2016; 147(12): 915-917.
[2]. Bashiru BO, Anthony IN. Oral Self-Care Practices Among University Students In Port Harcourt, Rivers State. Niger Med J. 2014 Nov 1;55(6):486-9.
[3]. Dosumu TO, Betiku A, Ademuyiwa G, Olabisi O, Adebisi T, Oyekale R. Oral Hygiene Practices And Factors Influencing The Choice Of Oral Hygiene Materials Among Undergraduates In Selected Universities In Osun State, Nigeria. Journal Of Preclinical And Clinical Research. 2022 Dec ;16(4):137-42.
[4]. Sturesson A, Håkansson S, Anderson P, Matensson C Oral Hygiene Experience, Knowledge Of Oral Health And Oral Diseases And Attitudes About Oral Health Care: A Questionnaire Study Among Students Of Nursing In Zambia School Of Health And Society Dental Hygienist Programme. Jr Of Applied Dental And Medical Sciences 2023
[5]. Desai A, Kumar H, Nishat R, Aspalli S, Nagappa G. Comparative Evaluation Of Awareness Of Link Between Oral And Systemic Health Among Undergraduate Dental And Medical Students. European Journal Of Molecular And Clinical Medicine. 2021 Jan 1;8(1):602-10.

Abstract: Study design: Prospective study Objective: The study is to determine the short-term outcome of the use of the Lignocaine-based pain-gated injections for the management of pain in patients with lumbar radiculopathy in Nigeria. Background: There are few studies on the use of lignocaine-based pain-gated injections globally, with none from Nigeria. The need......

Keywords : Lignocaine, back pain, lumbar radiculopathy, channel blocker, Nigeria

[1]. Andersson GBJ. The Epidemiology Of Spinal Disorders. In Frymoyer JW, Ed. The Adult Spine, Principles And Practice, 2nd Ed. Philadelphia: Lippincott-Raven, 1997. P 32-78.
[2]. Burton AK, Clarke RD, Mcclune TD, Tillotson KM. The Natural History Of Low Back Pain In Adolescents. Spine 1996; 21: 2323–8
[3]. Taimela S, Kujala UM, Salminem JJ, Viljanen T. The Prevalence Of Low Back Pain Among Children And Adolescents. A Nationwide, Cohort-Based Questionnaire Survey In Finland. Spine 1997; 22: 1132–6
[4]. Frymoyer JW, Ed. The Adult Spine. Principles And Practice, 2nd Ed. Philadelphia: Lippincott-Raven, 1997
[5]. Boden S, Davis DO, Dina TS, Patronas NJ, Wiesel SW. Abnormal Magnetic-Resonance Scans Of The Lumbar Spine In Asymptomatic Subjects. J Bone Joint Surg 1990;72-A(3):403–8

Abstract: Background: Pain is a common and distressing side effect of orthodontic treatment and plays a significant role in patient compliance, acceptance, and satisfaction. Self-ligating brackets (SLBs) have been introduced to reduce friction and allow lighter orthodontic forces, which may influence pain perception during treatment. However, evidence regarding their impact on pain remains inconclusive.
Aim: To evaluate....

Key Word: Self-ligating brackets, Orthodontic pain, Pain perception, Patient satisfaction, Questionnaire study

[1]. Fleming PS, Dibiase AT, Sarri G, Lee RT. Pain Experience During Initial Alignment With A Self-Ligating And A Conventional Fixed Orthodontic Appliance System. Angle Orthod. 2009;79(1):46–50.
[2]. Fleming PS, Dibiase AT, Lee RT. A Multicenter Randomized Controlled Trial To Compare A Self-Ligating Bracket System And A Conventional Ligation System. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2010;137(6):738–742.
[3]. Al-Harbi F, Al-Sayagh N, Alotaibi D. Self-Ligating Brackets Do Not Reduce Discomfort Or Pain When Compared To Conventional Orthodontic Appliances In Class I Patients: A Clinical Study. J Orthod Sci. 2023;12:18.
[4]. Fleming PS, Johal A. Self-Ligating Brackets In Orthodontics: A Systematic Review. Angle Orthod. 2010;80(3):575–584.
[5]. Scott P, Sherriff M, Dibiase AT, Cobourne MT. Perception Of Discomfort During Initial Orthodontic Tooth Alignment Using A Self-Ligating Or Conventional Bracket System: A Randomized Clinical Trial. Eur J Orthod. 2008;30(3):227–232

Abstract: Suprachoroidal haemorrhage usually occurs secondary to intraocular surgery or ocular trauma. Spontaneous suprachoroidal haemorrhage (SSCH) is an uncommon event and has been described in isolated case reports, typically associated with predisposing systemic and ocular risk factors. We report a case of a 62-year-old male who was hospitalised and receiving treatment for very high blood pressure when he developed sudden-onset pain and swelling.......

Keywords: spontaneous suprachoroidal haemorrhage, high myopia, malignant hypertension

[1]. Hsiao SF, Shih MH, Huang FC. Spontaneous Suprachoroidal Hemorrhage: Case Report And Review Of The Literature. Taiwan J Ophthalmol 2016;6:36-41.
[2]. Anguita R, Roth J, Ferro Desideri L, Et Al. Spontaneous Suprachoroidal Haemorrhage: Clinical Features, Visual Outcomes And Prognostic Factors. Eye (Lond) 2024;38:3285-9.
[3]. Masri I, Smith JM, Wride NK, Ghosh S. A Rare Case Of Acute Angle Closure Due To Spontaneous Suprachoroidal Haemorrhage Secondary To Loss Of Anticoagulation Control: A Case Report. BMC Ophthalmol 2018;18:224.
[4]. Chai F, Zeng L, Li C, Zhao X. Spontaneous Suprachoroidal Hemorrhage In A High Myopia Patient With Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment: A Case Report And Literature Review. Biosci Rep 2019;39:BSR20181454

Abstract: Introduction: Drug allergy is a highly complex issue. Indeed, it is rarely detected during clinical trials in the development of a drug. This is due to a lack of cofactors such as infections, the low proportion of severe reactions, and the lack of tests to detect allergies. Diagnosing drug allergy is essential. Once diagnosed, all healthcare professionals must be vigilant when prescribing or dispensing medication. The issue we will examine in this article concerns drug reactions in active-duty military personnel, highlighting the various aspects of....

Keywords: drugs; allergy; hypersensitivity; military

[1]. Demoly P, Viola M, Gomes ER, Romano A. Epidemiology And Causes Of Drug Hypersensitivity. 2007;2-17.
[2]. Ponvert C. Quoi De Neuf: Quoi De Neuf En Allergologie Pédiatrique En 2014 ? Épidémiologie Générale, Diagnostic (Précoce), Traitement, Anaphylaxie, Allergie Alimentaire, Médicamenteuse Et Aux Venins Et Salives D’insectes (Une Revue De La Littérature Internationale 2014). Whats New Pediatr Allergy 2014 Epidemiol Early Diagn Treat Anaphylaxis Food Drug Insect Allergy Rev 2014 Int Lit Engl. 1 Oct 2015;55:413-33.
[3]. Demoly P, Hillaire-Buys D Classification And Epidemiology Of Hypersensitivity Drug Reactions Immunol Allergy Clin North Am. 2004 Aug;24(3):345-56
[4]. Vervloet D, Magnan A. Traité D’allergologie. Paris : Flammarion Médecine-Sciences, DL 2003 (75-Paris : Impr. Jouve); 2003.
[5]. Demoly P, Bencherioua A M., Kvedariene V, Messaad D, Sahla H, Benahmed S, Et Al. Diagnostic Des Allergies Médicamenteuses : Questionnaire Européen. Diagn Drug Allerg Eur Quest Engl. 1 Janv 2000;40:494-9.

Abstract: Background: Ramadan fasting involves abstaining from food and drink from dawn to dusk for about a month. Its effects on young adults, who actively engage in academic, social, and physical activities, are of particular interest. Objective: This study aims to assess the physical, psychosocial, and cognitive impacts of Ramadan fasting in young adults. Methods: A case-control....

Keywords: Ramadan fasting, Intermittent fasting, cognitive function, BMI, Stress

[1]. Norouzy, A.; Salehi, M.; Philippou, E.; Arabi, H.; Shiva, F.; Mehrnoosh, S.; Mohajeri, S. M. R.; Mohajeri, S. A. R.; Motaghedi Larijani, A.; Nematy, M. Effect Of Fasting In Ramadan On Body Composition And Nutritional Intake: A Prospective Study. Journal Of Human Nutrition And Dietetics 2013, 26, 97–104. Https://Doi.Org/10.1111/Jhn.12042.
[2]. Farooq, A.; Herrera, C. P.; Almudahka, F.; Mansour, R. A Prospective Study Of The Physiological And Neurobehavioral Effects Of Ramadan Fasting In Preteen And Teenage Boys. Journal Of The Academy Of Nutrition And Dietetics 2015, 115 (6), 889–897.
Https://Doi.Org/10.1016/J.Jand.2015.02.012.
[3]. Shariatpanahi ZV, Shariatpanahi MV, Shahbazi S, Hossaini A, Abadi A. Effect Of Ramadan Fasting On Some Indices Of Insulin Resistance And Components Of The Metabolic Syndrome In Healthy Male Adults. British Journal Of Nutrition. 2008 , 100(1):147-51.
[4]. Almeneessier, A. S.; Pandi-Perumal, S. R.; Bahammam, A. S. Intermittent Fasting, Insufficient Sleep, And Circadian Rhythm: Interaction And Effects On The Cardiometabolic System. Current Sleep Medicine Reports 2018, 4 (3), 179–195.
Https://Doi.Org/10.1007/S40675-018-0124-5.
[5]. Leiper, J. B.; Molla, A. M.; Molla, A. M. Effects On Health Of Fluid Restriction During Fasting In Ramadan. European Journal Of Clinical Nutrition 2003, 57 (2), S30–S38. Https://Doi.Org/10.1038/Sj.Ejcn.1601899

Abstract: Objective: To evaluate the levels of Ischemia-Modified Albumin (IMA), Homocysteine, and Oxidized Low-Density Lipoprotein (OxLDL) in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) and assess their potential utility as diagnostic biomarkers. Methods: A prospective case-control study was conducted at a tertiary care hospital, including 100 CAD patients and 100 age....

Keywords: Coronary artery disease, Ischemia-Modified Albumin, Homocysteine, Oxidized LDL and Biomarkers

[1]. Bhagavan, N. V., Lai, E. M., Rios, P. A., Et Al. (2003). Evaluation Of Ischemia-Modified Albumin As A Marker Of Acute Coronary Syndrome. Clinical Chemistry, 49(4), 537-542.
[2]. Smith, A. D., Refsum, H., Bottiglieri, T., Et Al. (2006). Homocysteine And Cardiovascular Disease: A Review Of The Evidence With Special Emphasis On Causation. Atherosclerosis, 189(1), 1-17.
[3]. Holvoet, P., Vanhaecke, J., Janssens, S., Et Al. (2001). Oxidized LDL And The Risk Of Acute Coronary Events. Circulation, 104(22), 2569-2573.
[4]. Sinha MK, Roy D, Gaze DC, Collinson PO, Kaski JC. Ischemia-Modified Albumin Is A Sensitive Marker Of Myocardial Ischemia And An Acute Phase Reactant: A Time-Dependent Variation In The Course Of Acute Coronary Syndrome. Circulation. 2003;107(3):417-422.
[5]. Mccully KS. Homocysteine, Vitamins, And Vascular Disease Prevention. Am J Clin Nutr. 2007;86(5):1563S-1568S.

Abstract: Background: Paediatric femoral shaft fractures are a significant orthopaedics challenge, particularly in children aged 6–12 years, where treatment must balance anatomical healing with minimal invasiveness and rapid functional recovery. Flexible intramedullary nailing (FIN), including titanium and stainless-steel variants, has..

[1]. John R, Sharma S, Raj GN, Singh J, Rhh A, Khurana A. Current Concepts In Paediatric Femoral Shaft Fractures. Open Orthop J. 2017 Apr 28;11:353-62.
[2]. Anglen JO, Choi L. Treatment Options In Paediatric Femoral Shaft Fractures. J Orthop Trauma. 2005;19(10):724-33.
[3]. Khuntia S, Swaroop S, Patro BP, Sahu S. Paediatric Long Bone Fractures Managed With Elastic Intramedullary Nails: A Retrospective Study Of 30 Patients. Cureus. 2020 Apr 27;12(4):E7558.
[4]. Furlan D, Pogorelić Z, Biočić M, Jurić I, Budimir D, Todorić J, Et Al. Elastic Stable Intramedullary Nailing For Paediatric Long Bone Fractures: Experience With 175 Fractures. Scand J Surg. 2011 Sep;100(3):208-15.
[5]. Sun J, Wang T, Zhao N, Chen H, Chen C. Paediatric Femoral Shaft Fractures: The American Academy Of Orthopaedic Surgeons Clinical Practice Guidelines Versus Actual Management In A Teaching Hospital. Transl Pediatr. 2024 Jun 20;13(6):938-47.

Abstract: Tuberculosis remains a major public health problem in India, with extrapulmonary tuberculosis increasingly presenting with atypical manifestations. Tuberculous lymphadenitis with cold abscess formation is common; however, facial nerve palsy secondary to compression by a cold abscess is exceptionally rare.
We report the case of a 52-year-old male with poorly controlled diabetes mellitus who presented with a painless, progressively....

Keywords: Tuberculous lymphadenitis; Cold abscess; Facial nerve palsy; Extrapulmonary tuberculosis

[1]. World Health Organization. Global Tuberculosis Report 2025. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2025. Available From:
Https://Www.Who.Int/Teams/Global-Programme-On-Tuberculosis-And-Lung-Health/Tb-Reports
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[3]. Holland NJ, Weiner GM. Recent Developments In Bell’s Palsy. BMJ. 2015;351:H3725. Doi:10.1136/Bmj.H3725
[4]. Salafia A, Chauhan G. Nerve Abscess In Children And Adults With Leprosy: Analysis Of 145 Cases And Review Of The Literature. Acta Leprol. 1996;10(1):45–50.
[5]. Kristensen RN, Hahn CH. Facial Nerve Palsy Caused By Parotid Gland Abscess. J Laryngol Otol. 2012;126:322–324..

Abstract: Background: Persistent intraradicular infection is the primary cause of endodontic failure, with Enterococcus faecalis and Staphylococcus aureus frequently implicated due to their ability to survive within dentinal tubules and resist conventional chemo-mechanical preparation. Although Triple Antibiotic Paste (TAP) is widely used as an intracanal medicament, its association with tooth discoloration, cytotoxicity, and dentin alteration necessitates exploration....

Keywords: Teicoplanin, Triple Antibiotic Paste, Intracanal medicament, Enterococcus faecalis, Staphylococcus aureus.

[1]. Ghabraei S, Marvi M, Bolhari B, Bagheri P. Minimum Intracanal Dressing Time Of Triple Antibiotic Paste To Eliminate Enterococcus Faecalis (ATCC 29212) And Determination Of Minimum Inhibitory Concentration And Minimum Bactericidal Concentration: An Ex Vivo Study. J Dent (Tehran). 2018;15(1):1-9.
[2]. Tabassum S, Khan FR. Failure Of Endodontic Treatment: The Usual Suspects. Eur J Dent. 2016;10(1):144-7.
[3]. Ashley M, Harris I. The Assessment Of The Endodontically Treated Tooth. Dent Update. 2001;28:247-52.[4].
Ordinola-Zapata R, Noblett WC, Perez-Ron A, Ye Z, Vera J. Present Status And Future Directions Of Intracanal Medicaments. Int Endod J. 2022;55 Suppl 3:613-36.
[5]. Amonkar AD, Dhaded NS, Nandimath K, Dandagi S. Evaluation Of The Effect Of Long-Term Use Of Three Intracanal Medicaments On The Radicular Dentin Microhardness And Fracture Resistance: An In Vitro Study. Acta Stomatol Croat. 2021;55(3):291-301.