IOSR-JAVS   Volume-10 ~ Issue-10 ~ OCT-2017

ABSTRACT: Remote sensing is the science of acquiring, processing, and interpreting images and related data, acquired from aircraftand and satellites,that record the interaction between matter and electromagnetic energy.In geologic terms Landsatprovides data especially useful formineral exploration.It can be used to identify areas containing minerals useful in the search for mineral deposits,including iron oxides and/or hydroxides (hematite, goethite, and limonite); clays (kaolinite, dickite, and montmorillonite);and carbonates (calcite, and dolomite).Utilizing remote sensing (RS) and geographic information systems (GIS) tools, mineral composite characteristics (heavy minerals, light minerals, and clay minerals) of Al-Hindiya in Iraq were investigated and mapped............

Keywords: Remote sensing; ERDAS IMAGINE; Mineral composite; GIS;LANDSAT-ETM+;Index maps.

[1] Al-Ali,S. H.2010. Geochemical and mineralogical study of the fluvial deposits at Abul Khasib area, south east of Iraq.Mesopot. J. Mar. Sci.25(2): 154-165.

[2] Albadran, B. 2006. Sedimentology and mineralogy of the Al-Hammar Marsh / Southern Iraq: A review. Marsh Bulletin, 1(1): 32-39.

[3] Al-Dabbas M.; M. A. Abbas; and R. Al- Khafaji. 2011. The mineralogical and micro-organisms effects of regional dust stormsover Middle East region.International Journal of Water Resources and Arid Environments, 1(2): 129-141.
[4] Allan, T. 2001.The Middle East Water Question: Hydropolitics and the Global Economy.Publisher I.B.Tauris.
[5] Al-Marsoumi, A. M. H.; and M. H. A. Al-Jabbri. 2007. Basrah Soils;Geochemical Aspects and PhysicalProperties- A Review. Basrah Journal of Scienec,.25(1): 89-103

ABSTRACT: The study was aimed to determine the effect of feeding by liquorice root extract at different concentrations on some biological aspects of bees. The results showed that the use of liquorice root extract , especially when using the concentration of 20% in the third mixture which containing 150 ml of last concentration with one litre of water at rate one volume by one volume from the first mixture which containing 750 gm of sugar , 250 ml of honey ,500 gm of soya , one capsule of B-plex , one capsule of tetracycline and one litre of water as observed there was an increase in the acceptance of feeding index with 100,100,100 % during three periods , Significant increasing in the total area of honey was3626.7 , 7182.5 and 2462.1 square inch , in the total area of brood 4359.0 ، , 12130.4 and 4927.7 square inch , in the total area of pollen collection 1445.4 ، , 10092.0 and 4997.3 square inch during first , second and third periods respectively. Besides , increasing of resistance of bees to European foulbrood disease and varroa mite.

Keywords: Liquorice, Apis mellifera L. , Pollen, Honey, Bees

[1] M.A. Al-Sa'aegh, Development of beekeeping in Iraq, Journal of Iraqi Honey Bees, Proc. 8th IABA Conf. Najaf,Iraq,2015,36-37.
[2] M.O. Abo-Saba'a, Study of pollen quality and quantity and the effect on activity of honey bees colonies in Alsham area. M.SC. thesis, University of Abd-Alaziz king, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia,2003.
[3] A. Al-Gamdi, Comparative study between subspecies of Apis mellifera L. for egg hatching , sealed brood percentage, brood nest temperature and relative humidity. Pakistan Journal of Biological Science, 8(4),2005:626-630 .
[4] M.S. Al-Hasnawi, Spatial analysis for beekeeping in governorates of middle Euphrates in Iraq. M.SC. thesis, university of Kufa, Iraq, 2016.
[5] H. Kalev, A. Dag, and S. Shafir, Feeding of pollen supplements to honey bee colonies during pollination of sweet peppers in enclosures. American Bee Journal, 142,2002: 675-679.

ABSTRACT: The biology of cotton mealybug Phenacoccus solenopsis (Tinsley) was studied when the insect collected from HibiscussRosa-sinensis plant in September 2014 in Iraq.The insect was an exotic and new pest in Iraq, at first it was outspread on ornamental plants then it infects many agricultural crops like sunflower and eggplants.The mean of female fecundity was 623.3 eggs under perfect conditions , however The sexual reproduction produce male more than the parthenogenesis , there were two pairs of dark black coloured spots on dorsal surface of female body and two pairs of waxy filaments at the end of male body.

Keywords: Biology, Hemiptera, Iraq, Mealyubg, Phenacoccuc solenopsis

[1]. Abdul-Rassoul , M.S., I. M. AL-Malo and F.B. Hermiz. 2015. First record and host plants of Solenopsis Mealybug Phenacoccus
solenopsis Tinsley, 1898 (Hemiptera : Pseudococcidae) from Iraq. Journal of Biodiversity and Environmental Sciences (JBES) 7(2):216-222.
[2]. Dhawan AK., K. Singh , S.Saini , B. Mohindrus, A. Kaur ,G.Singh and S. Singh. (2007).Incidence and damage potential of mealybug, Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley ,on cotton in Punjab.Indian Jour. Ecol. 34:110- 116.
[3]. Wang ,y., G.W.Watson and R.Zhang. 2010. The Potential distribution of an invasive mealybug Phenacoccus solenopsis and its threat to cotton in Asia. Agri. Forest Entomol., 12:403-441.
[4]. Tinsley , J. D.1898.Notes on coccidae, with description of new species. Can. Entomol.30:317-320.
[5]. Ben-Dov Y. 1994. A systematic catalogue of the mealy bugs of the world (Insecta: Homoptera: Coccoidea: Pseudococcidae and Putoidae) with data on geographical distribution, host plants, biology and economic importance. Intercept Limited, Anover, UK. P. 686.

ABSTRACT: In order to increase production and improve the quality of carrot, the research was carried out in the field of experiments of the Department of Horticulture - College of Agriculture- University of Baghdad during the autumn season of 2015 to study the effect of intercropping agriculture and organic fertilization in on yield quantitative and qualitative of carrot plant and production in the unit area, The experiment included two factors : The first factor is to grow the carrot alone and cultivate it by interfering with the board bean of the system 1: 1 and cultivate it by mixing onion with 1: 1 system, which symbolizes it (C, CF, CO) respectively, and the second factor included three levels of natural fertilizer Leonardite Extract (Humic Acid 80% + K2O 11%), extracted from natural Leonardite coal and in three concentrations (0,10,20 g.L-1), which have a symbol (0,1,2) respectively, and the interaction between them to reach 9 transactions.The factorial experiment was carried out according to (RCBD) at three replicates.The results..............

[1]. Abbas, M. F and M, J, Abbas. 1992. Care and storage of fruits and vegetables. Basra University.
[2]. Abou El-Nasr, M. E. and E. A. Ibrahim. 2011. Effect of different potassium fertilizer rates and foliar application with some sources
of potassium on growth, yield and quality of carrot plants (Daucuscarota L.). J. Plant Production, Mansoura Univ., 2 (4): 559 – 569.
[3]. Ali ,A.M. and Hassan A.Al-Mezori. 2006. Allelopathic potential of some crops and vegetables root exudates on mixed farming in
Duhok Governorate/Iraq. Rafidain Journal of Science. 17(2):39-52.
[4]. Al-Obeidi,A. A.H.2003. The optimum utilization for the land by using some agricultural intercropping for both open and protected
planting methods. M.Sc. Thesis. College of Agriculture. University of Baghdad. Iraq.
[5]. Amujoyegbe, B.J., J.T.Opabode and A.Otayinka.2007.Effect of organic and inorganic fertilizer on yield and chlorophyll content of
maize (Zea mays L.) and sorghum (Sorghumbicolour L. Moench) Afr.J.Biotchnol.6 (16):1869-1873.

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: The presence of farm tractor, and his active rule to operates most of farm equipment in the second half of the nineteenth century made it the main source of power in the farm, many developments on tractors had led to the improvement and variation of their power sources. The multiplicity and diversity of soil types, crops, agricultural process and climatic conditions due to different countries or regions led to found different collections of seed bed preparation equipment each one has different function. OBJECTIVE: To estimating and evaluating the energy requirements and some technical indicators of some seed bed preparation equipment with New Holland tractor.........

Keywords: Practical Productivity, Fuel Consumption, Energy Requirements, Treatment Practical Depth

[1] Aboud, M.M. 1981. Tractor s and their power units (In Arabic) Basra University Press, College of Agriculture, University of Baghdad, Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research. Pp574.
[2] Al-Banaa, A.R. 1990. Tillage Equipment's.Dar Al-Kotobfor Printing and Publishing., University of Mosul. (In Arabic)Ministry of
Higher Educationand Scientific Research. Pp.440.
[3] AL- Hashimy, L.A.Z.2003. Study of some Technical. Economical and soil physical properties under different plowing Systems (In
Arabic). MSc. Thesis, Department of Agricultural Mechanization. Collage of Agriculture University of Baghdad. Pp .122.
[4] AL-Hashimy, L.A.Z. 2010. Effect of Harrow Type and Drill Seeder Speed on some machinery unit technical, Economical and Energy requirement parameters (In Arabic). The Iraqi Journal of Agricultural Sciences 41(6):114-124.
[5] AL-Hashimy, L.A.Z. 2012.The Effect of Disc Tilt Angle, Tillage Speed and Depth on Some of Machinery Unit Technical and Energy Requirement Parameters (In Arabic). The Iraqi Journal of Agricultural Sciences 43(2):132-143..

ABSTRACT: The current study compares the possibilities of some M-mode echocardiographic and radiographic dimensions to determine the extent of the progression of MVD. There is also a new LA/AO x VHS ratio that 100% separates the dogs included in the study in regard to the absence or presence of pulmonary edema, due to the development of decompensated heart failure. The size we are introducing LA / AO x VHS multiplies the heart enlargement from the X-rays and the M-mode ultrasound imaging. The mean value of this multiplication in group 1 was (16.3350 ± 2.7968) which is statistically significantly (0.0009) lower than the mean value in the edema group (26.0268 ± 5.8358)..

Keywords: cardiography, DMVD, dogs, M-mode, VHS

[1] Pedersen HD, Häggström J: Mitral valve prolapse in the dog: a model of mitral valve prolapse in man. Cardiovasc. Res. 2000, 47: 234-243.
[2] Thrusfield MV, Aiken CGG, Darke PGG: Observations on breed and sex in relation to canine heart valve incompetence. J. Small Anim. Pract. 1985, 26: 709-717.
[3] Serfass P, Chetboul V, Sampedrano CC, Nicolle A, Benalloul T, Laforge H, Gau C, Hebert C, Pouchelon JL, Tissier R: Retrospective study of 942 small sized-dogs: prevalence of left apical systolic heart murmur and leftsided heart failure, critical effects of breed, and sex. J. Vet. Cardiol. 2006, 8: 11-18.
[4] Chetboul V, Tissier R, Villaret F, Nicolle A, De´an E, Benalloul T, Pouchelon JL: Epidemiological, clinical, echo- Doppler characteristics of mitral valve endocardiosis in Cavalier King Charles in France: a retrospective study of 451 cases (1995 to 2003). Can. Vet. J. 2004, 45: 1012-1015.
[5] Beardow A, Buchanan J. Chronic mitral valve disease in Cavalier King Charles spaniels: 95 cases (1987-1991). J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc. 1993, 203: 1023-1029.

ABSTRACT: This study has been performed in the biotechnology laboratory of Agriculture faculty- Basrah University during 2016. The purposeof it is to determine the concentration and ratio of the Phytochemical Constituents inEthanoic Extract of Pomegranate (Punica granatum L.)in Iraq using GC MS. Salami variety was chosen as a sample of the grown plant. There are forty phytochemical constituents were obtained from juice by analysis using GC MS. The main compounds classified as phenolic compounds. Which means that the pomegranate grown in Iraq has high activity as an antioxidant and could use for medical purposes..

Keywords: Pomegranate, Salami variety, Phytochemical Constituents, antioxidant

[1] Holland, D., K. Hatib, and I. Bar‐Ya'akov, Pomegranate: botany, horticulture, breeding. Horticultural Reviews, Volume 35, 2009: p. 127-191.
[2] Fadavi, A., et al., Note. Physicochemical composition of ten pomegranate cultivars (Punica granatum L.) grown in Iran. Revista de Agaroquimica y Tecnologia de Alimentos, 2005. 11(2): p. 113-119.
[3] SHRIKANT, M.S.M., DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY (AGRICULTURE).
[4] Ashton, R., The Incredible Pomegranate: Plant and Fruit. 2006: Third Millennium Publishing.
[5] Lansky, E.P. and R.A. Newman, Punica granatum (pomegranate) and its potential for prevention and treatment of inflammation and cancer. Journal of ethnopharmacology, 2007. 109(2): p. 177-206.

ABSTRACT: The main physiological and biochemical properties of two lactic acid bacteria (LAB) strains isolated from healthy calves faeces and identified as Enterococcus hirae and Lactobacillus reuteri were studied. Their ability to ferment different types of carbohydrates was determined. Both strains were identified as heterofermentative LAB as they produced CO2 from glucose. At the same time protease, catalase and amylase activities of the strains were not detected. Both strains showed the ability of growth at the wide temperature rates (from 20°C up to 50°C), in the presence of NaCl (up to 6%) and bile (up to 40%). Isolated LAB strains have a potential as starter cultures in creation of new bio preparations with probiotic characteristics in Uzbekistan..

Keywords: Enterococcus hirae, fermentation, heterofermentative lactic acid bacteria, Lactobacillus reuteri

[1] C. DeMuynck, A.I.J. Leroy, S. DeMaeseneire, A. Frnaut, W. Soetaert, E.J. Vandamme, Potential of selected lactic acid bacteria to
produce food compatible antifungal metabolites, Microbiol Research, 159, 2004, 339-346.
[2] N.C. Maldonado, C.S. De Ruiz, M.C. Otero, F. Sesma, M.E. Nader-Macías, Lactic acid bacteria isolated from young calvescharacterization and potential as probiotics, Res Vet Sci, 92(2), 2012, 342-349.

[3] H. Kinova Sepova, A. Bilkova, Isolation and identification of new lactobacilli from goatling stomach and investigation of reuterin
production in Lactobacillus reuteri strains, Folia Microbiologica, doi:10.1007/s12223-012-0166-x, 2012.
[4] E. Gharaei-Fathabad, M. Eslamifar,Isolation and Applications of One Strain of Lactobacillus paraplantarum from Tea Leaves
(Camellia sinensis), American Journal of Food Technology, 6, 2011, 429-434.
[5] S. Todorov, H. Prévost, M. Lebois, X. Dousset, J.G. LeBlanc, B. Franco, Bacteriocinogenic Lactobacillus plantarum ST16Pa
isolated from papaya (Carica papaya) – From isolation to application: Characterization of a bacteriocin, Food Research Int, 44 (5),
2011, 1351-1363.

ABSTRACT: Tropical regions usually experience intermittent rainfall and this affects maize production in most tropical countries where irrigation facilities are inadequate. The pot experiment was conducted at the School of Agriculture Teaching and Research Farm, University of Cape Coast, to investigate the effect of intermittent water application on maize growth and yield parameters. A randomized complete block design was used with three replications. Four different water amounts correspondingly applied at different frequency intervals were used as treatments: 300 cm3 water at 3-day intervals, (T1); 490 cm3 water at 5-day intervals (T2); 770 cm3 water at 7-day intervals (T3); and 1150 cm3 water at 9-day..........

Keywords: Coastal savanna, frequency interval, intermittent water application, maize production, tropical region

[1] FAO. (2015). Crop information: Maize. Databases and software. Land and Water. Retrieved from: www.fao.org/land-water/databases-and-software/crop-information/maize/en/
[2] FAO, Irrigation in southern and eastern Asia in figures. Aquastat survey-2011, FAO Water Reports Number 37, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome, 2012.
[3] FAO, Crop yield response to water. FAO irrigation and drainage paper 66, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome, 2012.
[4] C.K. Tweneboah, Modern agriculture in the tropics with special reference to Ghana food crops, (Co-wood Publishers, 2000)
[5] T. Ge, F. Sui, L. Bai, C. Tong, and N. Sun, Effect of water stress on growth, biomass partitioning and water use efficiency in summer maize (zea mays L) throughout the growth cycle. Acta Physiologiae Plantarum, 34(3), 2012, 1043-1053.