iosr-JDMS   Volume-19 ~ Issue-1 ~ January. 2020

Abstract: Background: Local anesthesia with sedation is a well established approach used for tympanoplasty. Dexmedetomidine is a new drug which acts on alpha-2 adrenergic receptors in the dorsal horn of spinal cord to produce analgesic effects. Aims: To study the efficacy and safety of dexmedetomidine in comparison to midazolam. Setting and Design: Randomised controlled trial. Materials and Methods: 50 patients were randomly allocated to receive either dexmedetomidine or midazolam as intravenous bolus followed by the same in infusion supplemented with local anesthesia for tympanoplasty. Statistical analysis used: Statistical package for social sciences version 15.0. Results: Dexmedetomidine and midazolam provide adequate sedation but the use of midazolam is associated with more requirements of rescue analgesia and poor patient and surgeon satisfaction.....

Key Word: Dexmedetomidine, Midazolam, Sedation, Surgery

[1]. Caner G, Olgun L, Gültekin G, Aydar L. Local anesthesia for middle ear surgery. Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery. 2005 Aug;133(2):295-7.
[2]. Yung MW. Local anaesthesia in middle ear surgery: survey of patients and surgeons. Clinical Otolaryngology & Allied Sciences. 1996 Nov;21(5):404-8.
[3]. Lee JJ, Lee JH. Middle-ear surgery under sedation: comparison of midazolam alone or midazolam with remifentanil. The Journal of Laryngology & Otology. 2011 Jun;125(6):561-6.
[4]. Benedik J, Manohin A. Sedation for middle ear surgery: prospective clinical trial comparing propofol and midazolam. Open Medicine. 2008 Dec 1;3(4):487-93.
[5]. Janzen PR, Christys A, Vucevic M. Patient-controlled sedation using propofol in elderly patients in day-case cataract surgery. British journal of anaesthesia. 1999 Apr 1;82(4):635-6.

Abstract: Congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation is a developmental, non-hereditary, hamartomatous abnormality of lung with unknown etiology. It is rare disease with an incidence of 1 in 25000 to 1 in 35000. It is disease of infancy with most of the cases diagnosed within the first two years of life. We report a case of type 1 CCAM in a 2year old male with brief review of literature.

Key Words: Congenital cystic adenomatoidmalformation, lung.

[1]. Sood M, Sharma S. Congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation of lung - A case report. CurrtPediatr Res. 2011;15:61-3.
[2]. Sahu S, Muthuvel S, Naware SS, Dhavala SS. Congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation of lung . Med J Armed Forces India. 2008;64:268-9.
[3]. Stocker JT, Madewell JE, Drake MM. Congenital cystic adenomatoid mal-formation of the lung. Classification and morphologic spectrum. Hum Pathol. 1977; 8:155-71.
[4]. Stocker JT. Congenital pulmonary airway malformation: A new name and an expanded classification of congenital cystic adenamotoid malformation of the lung. Histopathol. 2002;41:424-31.
[5]. Feng A, Cai H, Sun Q, Zhang Y, Chen L, Meng F. Congenital cystic adeno-matoid malformation of lung in adults: 2 rare cases report and review of the lit-eratureDiagnPathol. 2012;7:37.

Abstract: Objective: The aim of this study was to find out the risk factors, complications during stay in hospital and to evaluate the outcome of ST elevated myocardial infarction (STEMI) in female during hospital stay and follow up period of six months in comparison to male. Background: This type of study has not been conducted in Eastern India in recent past. Methods : This single blind prospective study was conducted in the Department of Cardiology, NRS Medical College, Kolkata on 50 female and 50 male patients of STEMI over 18 months. All patients after being rigorously selected underwent pre-specified clinical examination, biochemical evaluation, Electrocardiography, Echocardiography as well as Coronary angiography and studied for in- hospital and follow up complications over six months. Data evaluated, analyzed and compared to male STEMI patients using Student t Test and Chi square test........

Key words: STEMI,Female,LAD,Hypertension,HDL,LDL,Hypothyroid,Smoking,OCP,In-hospital complication, Mortality.

[1]. Lincoff, AM et al. Thrombolytic therapy for women with myocardial infarction: Is there a gender gap? J. Am Coll Cardiol 1993; 22: 1780- 1787.
[2]. Dittrich H et al. AMI in women; Influence of gender on mortality and prognostic variables. Am J. Cardio 1988; 62:1-7.
[3]. Lerner DJ, Kannel WB ; Patterns of coronary heart disease morbidity and mortality in the and mortality in the sexes – A 26 year follow up of Framininhham Population. Am. Heart J. 1986; 111 : 383 - 390.
[4]. Bueno, H et al. Influence of sex on the short term outcome of elderly patients with first AMI, Circulation, 1995;92 : 1133-1140.
[5]. Ramesh BB et. al. Coronary heart disease in women with special reference to young women; JAPI 1984; 32:48.

Abstract: Background: Even though Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy is the standard gold treatment for Gallbladder diseases,needful prompt conversions are mandatory to avoid complications. Surgeons performing laparoscopic cholecystectomy should not think of conversion to open operation as a failure but rather as mature judgment. Knowledge regarding the underlying reasons for conversion can help surgeons to an earlier intraoperative decision to convert to open procedure if the difficulty encounters. Materials and Methods: The Present clinical Study is a hospital-based retrospective study conducted at the Department of General Surgery, Government General Hospital, RIMS, Kadapa, Andhra Pradesh a teaching hospital attached to RIMS Government Medical College to determine factors influencing conversion of laparoscopic cholecystectomy to open cholecystectomy. The study period is from 1st May 2017 to 30th April 2019. The patients of all the surgical units of...

Key Word: Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy; Risk factors for conversion; GB Adhesions; Bleeding from Cystic Artery.

[1]. Tang B, Cuschieri A. Conversions during laparoscopic cholecystectomy: risk factors and effects on patient outcome. J Gastrointest Surg. 2006 Jul-Aug;10(7):1081-91.
[2]. Ishizaki Y, Miwa K, Yoshimoto J, Sugo H, Kawasaki S: Conversion of elective laparoscopic to open cholecystectomy between 1993 and 2004. Br J Surg 2006; 93: 987–991.
[3]. Dinkel HP, Kraus S, Heimbucher J, Moll R, Knüpffer J, Gassel HJ et al. Sonography for selecting candidates for laparoscopic cholecystectomy: a prospective study. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2000 May;174(5):1433-9.
[4]. Kartal A, Aksoy F, Vatansev C, Sahin M, Yilmaz O, Belviranli M, Karahan O. Does estrogen cause low conversion rates in laparoscopic cholecystectomies for acute and chronic cholecystitis in women? JSLS. 2001 Oct-Dec;5(4):209-12.
[5]. Ibrahim S, Hean TK, Ho LS, Ravintharan T, Chye TN, Chee CH. Risk factors for open conversion in patients undergoing lap cholecystectomy. World J Surg. 2006 Sep;20(9):1698-704.

Abstract: Non alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the common causes for chronic liver disease. The prevalence of NAFLD has increased during last 20 years , ranging from 5% to 25% in Asian countries, depending on the population studied. NAFLD is diagnosed when daily alcohol consumption is≤30 g/ day in men and ≤20 g/day in women and with exclusion of other causes of disease such asviral hepatitis autoimmune hepatitis, , steatogenic drugs, etc. It is characterized by excessive accumulation of triglyceride (>5%) in the hepatocytes, ranging from hepatic steatosis (Fatty Liver) which may lead on to non alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), fibrosis, and liver cirrhosis & hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Multiple "hits", having metabolic syndrome as a major role and inflammation process involving cytokines, adipokines, oxidative stress......

[1]. Shih MH, Lazo M, Liu SH, Bonekamp S, Hernaez R, Clark JM. Association between serum uric acid and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in the US population. J Formos Med Assoc. 2015;114(4):314–20.
[2]. Hwang IC, Suh SY, Suh AR, Ahn HY. The relationship between normal serum uric acid and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. J Korean Med Sci. 2011;386–91
[3]. Liang GW, Xu X, Liu Y, Liu L, Zhao N. Association between serum Uric acid and nonalcoholic fatty liver disese in Beijing adults. J Med Res. 2011;40(12)6–9.
[4]. Yamada T, Suzuki S, Fukatsu M, Wada T, Yoshida T, Joh T. Elevated serum uric acid is an independent risk factor for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in Japanese undergoinga health checkup. Acta Gastroenterol Belg 2010;73:12e7
[5]. Xu C, Yu C, Xu L, Miao M, Li Y. High serum uric acid increases the risk for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: a prospective observational study. PLoS One 2010;5:e11578.

Abstract: Background: Vision is the most important special sense in human being. Ocular morbidities in children can have a serious impact on development, education and quality of life. Early detection and treatment of ocular morbidity is a best way to improve child health and development. Objectives: This study was conducted with an objective to determine the pattern of ocular morbidity in children less than 15 years of age in the Inpatient Department of North Bengal Medical College. Methods: A hospital based cross-sectional study was carried out from January 2018 to December 2018 among 136 children. Data was collected by using a semi structured questionnaire after taking informed consent and analyzed. Results: Majority were male (61.8%) and in the age group of 6 -10 years....

Key words: Ocular morbidity, Inpatient department, Children, Ocular injury.

[1]. World Health Organization. Preventing blindness in children: report of a WHO/IAPB scientific meeting, Hyderabad, India, 13-17 April 1999. In Preventing blindness in children: report of a WHO/IAPB scientific meeting, Hyderabad, India, 13-17 April 1999. Available at http://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/10665/66663/1/WHO_PBL_00.77.pdf [Last accessed Nov 2019]
[2]. Pratab VB, Lal HB. Pattern of paediatric ocular problem in North India. Indian J Ophthalmol 1989; 37:171-2.
[3]. Jose R. Present status of the national programme for control of blindness in India. Community Eye Health J 2008; 21:103-4.
[4]. Kishore J. National Health Programmes of India. 9th ed. New Delhi: Century Publications; 2011. p. 420-1.
[5]. Improving paediatric eye care in the developing world. Eur Ophthalmic Rev. 2009; 2(1):7.

Abstract: Background: Dental infections and periodontal diseases can induce inflammatory response in mxillary sinus not only due to the proximity of the maxillary posterior teeth but also due to the common vascular supply of the sinus membrane and the periodontal tissue. This study was aimed to evaluate maxillary sinus mucosal thickening(MT) in patients with periodontal bone loss (PBL) using cone beam computed tomography(CBCT) Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 200 CBCT scans were evaluated to examine the presence of PBL and its relationship with maxillary sinus MT. PBL was classified as mild(<25%) , moderate(25%-50%), severe(>50%)and based on availability of the scans categorized in to 2 groups of( Mild) and (Moderate/ Severe) and 100 scans in each group were examined. Sinus mucosal thickness was classified as < 1 mm,1 -<3 mm, 3-<6 mm, 6-<10 mm, >10 mm and thickness greater than 1 mm was considered pathological.The anatomic relationship between maxillary......

Key Words: Alveolar bone loss, Maxillary sinus, Cone beam computed tomography,periodontitis

[1]. Shahidi S, Zamiri B, Panahi R. Evaluation of the association of sinus mucosal thickening with dental and periodontal status using cone beam computed tomographic imaging. Journal of Dentomaxillofacial. 2016;5(2):38-39.
[2]. Ren S, Zhao H, Liu J, Wang Q, Pan Y. Significance of maxillary sinus mucosal thickening in patients with periodontal disease. International dental journal. 2015;65(6):303-310.
[3]. Amiri AA, Maboudi A, Bahar A, et al. Relationship between type 2 diabetic retinopathy and periodontal disease in Iranian adults. North American journal of medical sciences. 2014;6(3):139.
[4]. Manau C, Echeverria A, Agueda A, Guerrero A, Echeverria JJ. Periodontal disease definition may determine the association between periodontitis and pregnancy outcomes. Journal of clinical periodontology. 2008;35(5):385-397.
[5]. Shanbhag S, Karnik P, Shirke P, Shanbhag V. Association between periapical lesions and maxillary sinus mucosal thickening: a retrospective cone-beam computed tomographic study. Journal of endodontics. 2013;39(7):853-857.

Abstract: Introduction: The primary objective of root canal therapy is to eliminate microorganisms in the root canal. This can be attained by following strict asepsis during endodontic treatment. Even though gutta-percha cones are manufactured under aseptic conditions, they can be contaminated by handling, aerosols. Decontamination of GP cones is critical because they cannot be sterilized by moist or dry heat. Thus coldsterilization, using disinfectants should be used. Various chemical agents have been proposed as GP disinfectants. An appropriate disinfectant should be one that can be used routinely in dental clinics, providing fast disinfection without modifying the structure of the cone......

Keywords: sodium hypochlorite, chlorhexidine, aloevera,turbidity, staphylococcus species

[1]. Subha et al., Efficacy of Peracetic Acid in Rapid Disinfection of Resilon and Gutta-percha Cones Compared with Sodium Hypochlorite, Chlorhexidine, and Povidone-iodine, JOE- Volume 39, Number 10, October 2013.
[2]. Pradeep et al, Chair side disinfection of gutta - percha points - An in vitro comparative study between 5 different agents at different concentrations, Dept of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Yenepoya Dental College and Hospital, Mangalore.
[3]. Gomes et al, Disinfection of gutta-percha cones with chlorhexidine and sodium hypochlorite, Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral RadiolEndod 2005;100:512-7.
[4]. C. K. Nabeshimaet al, Effectiveness of different chemical agents for disinfection of gutta-percha cones, AustEndod J 2011; 37: 118–121.
[5]. Sahebi S., et al,Comparison of the Antibacterial Effect of Sodium Hypochlorite and Aloe Vera Solutions as Root Canal Irrigants in Human Extracted Teeth Contaminated with Enterococcus Faecalis,J Dent Shiraz Univ Med Sci., March 2014; 15(1): 39-43.

Abstract: Background And Objectives : In Comparison to CT, MRI provides better soft tissue contrast. It also provides superior imaging information of the intracranial structures. MRI is the advanced imaging of choice for evaluation of the optic nerve, other cranial nerves, and intracranial lesions. The choice of imaging of the orbits at the crucial initial stage depends on the clinical derivation. CT is oftenly suggested for trauma, for evaluation of the bony orbits or calcified lesions, especially when MRI is contraindicated. Material and Methods: To demonstrate usefulness of Toshiba lightning aquilion 16 slice multi detector computerized tomography (MDCT) scan in diagnosis of the common orbital pathologies and to assess the severity of the disease.......

[1]. Font RL, Patipa M, Rosenbaum PS, et al: Correlation of computed tomographic and histopathologic features in malignant transformation of benign mixed tumor of lacrimal gland. Surv Ophthalmol 34(6):449–452, 1990.
[2]. Valvassori GE: Imaging of orbital lymphoproliferative disorders. Radiol Clin North Am 37:135–150, 1999.
[3]. Ansari SA, Pak J, Shields M: Pathology and imaging of the lacrimal drainage system. Neuroimaging Clin N Am 15:221–237, 2005.
[4]. Del Grande F, Santini F, Herzka DA, et al: Fat suppression techniques for 3-T MR imaging of the musculoskeletal system. Radiographics 34(1):217–233, 2014.
[5]. Johnson G, Miller DM, MacManus D, et al: STIR sequences in NMR imaging of the optic nerve. Neuroradiology 29:238–245, 1987.

Abstract: Background And Objectives : In Comparison to CT, MRI provides better soft tissue contrast. It also provides superior imaging information of the intracranial structures. MRI is the advanced imaging of choice for evaluation of the optic nerve, other cranial nerves, and intracranial lesions. The choice of imaging of the orbits at the crucial initial stage depends on the clinical derivation. CT is oftenly suggested for trauma, for evaluation of the bony orbits or calcified lesions, especially when MRI is contraindicated. Material and Methods: To demonstrate usefulness of Toshiba lightning aquilion 16 slice multi detector computerized tomography (MDCT) scan in diagnosis of the common orbital pathologies and to assess the severity of the disease. To demonstrate usefulness of nova gradient 1.5 T philips magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan in diagnosis of the common orbital pathologies.....

[1]. Font RL, Patipa M, Rosenbaum PS, et al: Correlation of computed tomographic and histopathologic features in malignant transformation of benign mixed tumor of lacrimal gland. Surv Ophthalmol 34(6):449–452, 1990.
[2]. Valvassori GE: Imaging of orbital lymphoproliferative disorders. Radiol Clin North Am 37:135–150, 1999.
[3]. Ansari SA, Pak J, Shields M: Pathology and imaging of the lacrimal drainage system. Neuroimaging Clin N Am 15:221–237, 2005.
[4]. Del Grande F, Santini F, Herzka DA, et al: Fat suppression techniques for 3-T MR imaging of the musculoskeletal system. Radiographics 34(1):217–233, 2014.
[5]. Johnson G, Miller DM, MacManus D, et al: STIR sequences in NMR imaging of the optic nerve. Neuroradiology 29:238–245, 1987.

Abstract: This study is a research concerns fear of radiation were distributed web link combines several questionnaires and information 501 questionnaire collected and analyzed through the Google program we found during this study society fear of medical radiation as general, and there are also other concerns depending on the type of gender , for example, fear of women from the ratio effect to the pregnancy and also apprehensive students from entering the field of radiology has been collecting information on the most important variables (age, sex, academic qualifications) At the end of the research found that most of the community have fear of radiation and they need to educate .

[1]. http://radiopaedia.org/search?utf8=%E2%9C%93&q=mri &scope=all
[2]. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radiology
[3]. http://www.nhs.uk/conditions/ct- scan/pages/introduction.aspx
[4]. http://www.radiologyinfo.org/en/info.cfm?pg=gennuclear
[5]. PDF : FUNDAMENTAL RADIATION CONCEPTS
[6]. https://docs.google.com/forms/d/1vmUODs2Eb5qwqlt56pqP5LlnQ9kl-pEaFn3uwvqJGM8/viewform.