iosr-JDMS   Volume-23 ~ Issue-12 ~ December 2024

Abstract: Acute lithiasic cholangitis is a bacterial infection of the biliary tract due to a lithiasic obstruction. It is a therapeutic emergency that can be life-threatening. The aim of our work is to evaluate the results of endoscopic drainage in cases of acute lithiasic cholangitis. Materials and Methods This is a descriptive and analytical retrospective study conducted in the Gastroenterology II department of the HMI Med V of RABAT between April 2002 and April 2022 including 207 patients who underwent ERCP for acute cholangitis. We analyzed the epidemiological data of the patients, the results of the ERCP, as well as the morbidity and mortality post-endoscopic sphincterotomy.......

Keywords: Endoscopic sphincterotomy, ERCP, acute cholangitis, Tokyo Guidelines 2018

[1] Bp.Gallix.S Aufort, Ma Pierredon, F Garibaldi Et Jm Bruel. Formation Médicale Continue Le Point Sur… Une Angiocholite : Comment La Reconnaitre ? Quelles Conduites A Tenir ? Edition Française De Radiologie, Paris 2006
[2] Bensoussan E, Lefebvre Jf, Bonnel D, Cornud F, Liguory. Difficult Bilio-Pancreatic Sphincterotomy: Problem And Solutions. Gastroenterol Clin Biol 2006; 30:943-947.
[3] Heyries L, Barthet M, Miranda C, Bernard Jp, Sahel J. Intubation Pancréatique Per Endoscopique Dans La Pancréatite Chronique Calcifiante. Gastroenterol Clin Biol 1999; 23:469-476.
[4] Suc B, Escat J, Cherqui D, Fourtanier G, Hay Jm, Fingerhut A, Et Al. Surgery Vs Endoscopy As Primary Treatment In Symptomatic Patients With Suspected Common Bile Duct Stones: A Multicenter Randomized Trial. French Associations For Surgical Research. Arch Surg 1998; 133: 702-708.
[5] K.Barange. Quelles Sont Les Vraies Indications De La Cholangiopancréatographie Rétrograde Endoscopique (Cpre) En Urgence?

Abstract: Background: hai is a global burden.(2) it is mandatory that every person associated with providing health care should have proper training , proper knowledge and follow proper practice in order reduce the burden of hai. (3) Materials and methods: cross sectional descriptive study done at goa medical college for 3 months (1st august 2024 to 1st november 2024) with a structured questionnaire in the department of obg. Results: in this study we had 70 participants, 42.85% belonged to age group of 20- 25 years. 70% participants were doctors. 95.71% study participants have good knowledge about hospital acquired infections......

Key Word: awareness, attitude, practices, hospital acquired infections, obstetrics and gynaecology.

[1] Nag, K., Datta, A., Karmakar, N., & Chakraborty, T. Knowledge, Attitude And Practice About Hospital Acquired Infection Among Health Care Personnel In A Tertiary Care Hospital Of Tripura. International Journal Of Research In Medical Sciences. 2018;6(10):3303–3308.
[2] Manali Hitenbhai Shah And Latika Nitin Purohit. Infection Control Practices: Awareness And Knowledge Of Undergraduates In Tertiary Care Hospital. Annals Of Pathology And Laboratory Medicine. February 2019; 6(2): A 68-A72.
[3] Prabhakar SM Et Al., Sch. J. App. Med. Sci., May 2016; 4(5F):1852-1856.
[4] Jafar Ebrahim, Maghram Al-Amri. Knowledge And Awareness Regarding Infection Control Amongst Laboratory And Nursing Staff Of Al- Quwayiyah General Hospital, Riyadh. European Journal Of Pharmaceutical And Medical Research. 2017;4(4):353-358. [5] Alhumaid S, Al Mutair A, Al Alawi Z, Alsuliman M, Ahmed GY, Rabaan AA, Al-Tawfiq JA, Al-Omari A. Knowledge Of Infection Prevention And Control Among Healthcare Workers And Factors Influencing Compliance: A Systematic Review. Antimicrob Resist Infect Control. 2021 Jun 3;10(1):86. Doi: 10.1186/S13756-021-00957-0. PMID: 34082822; PMCID: PMC8173512.

Abstract: Background: breast cancer being the 2nd most common malignancy in females requires special considerations regarding the treatment modality in this modern era. However the various treatment regimes followed always pause a dilemma regarding the recurrence rates followed by various surgical procedures. Objective: To study the recurrence rates in LABC after surgical management. Materials and Methods: Sixty patients from Rama Medical Hospital Kanpur were included, categorized into two groups: Group A (toilet mastectomy followed by chemoradiation) and Group B (mastectomy with axillary clearance or MRM followed by radiotherapy +/- chemotherapy......

Key Word: LABC, EBC, MRM, toilet mastectomy

[1] Maxwell GP, Gabriel A. The Evolution Of Breast Implants. Clin Plast Surg. 2009 Jan. 36(1):1-13, V. [Qxmd MEDLINE Link].
[2] Maxwell GP, Gabriel A. Breast Reconstruction. Aston SJ, Steinbrech DS, Walden JL. Aesthetic Plastic Surgery. Philadelphia, Pa: Elsevier; 2009. Chap 57.
[3] Jones, GE, Ed. Bostwick's Plastic And Reconstructive Breast Surgery. 3rd Ed. St. Louis, Mo: Quality Medical Pub; 2010.
[4] Mathes SJ, Nahai F. Reconstructive Surgery: Principles, Anatomy, And Technique. New York, NY: Churchill Livingston; 1997.
[5] Pansky B. Review Of Gross Anatomy. 6th Ed. New York, NY: Mcgraw-Hill; 1996

Abstract: La sténose des veines pulmonaires est une affection qui est relativement rare, mais grave et difficile à gérer avec un taux de mortalité élevé. Il n'y a pas si longtemps, la sténose des veines pulmonaire a été observée surtout chez les jeunes enfants avec ou sans malformations cardiaques congénitales. [1] Celles rencontrées chez les adultes.....

[1] Saad EB, Rossillo A, Saad CP, Martin DO, Bhargava M, Erciyes D, Bash D, Williams-Andrews M, Beheiry S, Marrouche NF, Adams J, Pisano E, Fanelli R, Potenza D, Raviele A, Bonso A, Themistoclakis S, Brachmann J, Saliba WI, Schweikert RA, Natale A : Pulmonary Vein Stenosis After Radiofrequency Ablation Of Atrial Fibrillation: Functional Characterization, Evolution, And
[2] Latson LA, Prieto LR : Congenital And Acquired Pulmonary Vein Stenosis. Circulation 2007 ; 115 : 103-8.
[3] Haissaguerre M, Jais P, Shah DC, Takahashi A, Hocini M, Quiniou G, Garrigue S, Le Mouroux A, Le Metayer P, Clementy J : Spontaneous Initiation Of Atrial Fibrillation By Ectopic Beats Originating In The Pulmonary Veins. N Engl J Med 1998 ; 339 : 659-66.
[4] Radiofrequency Catheters Use Heat To Create Blocks Around The Pulmonary Veins.
[5] Ravenel JG, Mcadams HP : Pulmonary Venous Infarction After Radiofrequency Ablation For Atrial Fibrillation. AJR Am J Roentgenol 2002 ; 178 : 664-6.

Abstract: Purpose: This study aims to comprehensively analyze factors related to Diabetic Retinopathy (DR), including visual acuity, DR prevalence, ocular comorbidities, and systemic diseases. It focuses on categorizing visual acuity to assess DR severity using data from the Indian Ophthalmology Clinical Trial Network's (IOCTN) Retina Registry. Method: The study includes......

Key Word: Diabetic Retinopathy, ETDRS grades, Visual Acuity, Ocular comorbidities

[1] World Health Organization: Prevention Of Blindness From Diabetes Mellitus: Report Of A WHO Consultation In Geneva, Switzerland, 9- 11 November 2005. 2006, Geneva: World Health Organization
[2] Attia Ali Ahmed M, Shawkat Abdelhaleem A. Evaluation Of Microvascular And Visual Acuity Changes In Patients With Early Diabetic Retinopathy: Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography Study. Clin Ophthalmol. 2022 Feb17;16:429-440. Doi: 10.2147/OPTH.S353426. PMID:35210748; PMCID:PMC8860397.
[3] Yau JW, Rogers SL, Kawasaki R, Lamoureux EL, Kowalski JW, Bek T, Chen SJ, Dekker JM, Fletcher A, Grauslund J, Haffner S, Hamman RF, Ikram MK, Kayama T,Klein BE, Klein R, Krishnaiah S, Mayurasakorn K, O'Hare JP, Orchard TJ, Portam, Rema M, Roy MS, Sharma T, Shaw J, Taylor H, Tielsch JM, Varma R, Wang JJ, Wang N, Et Al: Global Prevalence And Major Risk Factors Of Diabetic Retinopathy. Diabetes Care. 2012, 35: 556-564.10.2337/Dc11- 1909.
[4] Frank RN (2004): Diabetic Retinopathy. N Engl J Med 350: 48-58.
[5] Sivaprasad S, Gupta B, Crosby-Nwaobi R & Evans J (2012): Prevalence Of Diabetic Retinopathy In Various Ethnic Groups: A Worldwide Perspective. Surv Ophthalmol 57: 347-370

Abstract: Background: The use of mouthwashes is an irreplaceable aspect of chemical plaque control due to its efficacy, ease of use and patient acceptance. Although chlorhexidine has been considered the gold standard over the years, the efficacy of hyaluronic acid is yet to be substantiated. Aim: The aim of this study is to evaluate and compare the clinical efficacy of chlorhexidine versus chlorhexidine plus hyaluronic acid......

Key Word: Chemical plaque control, Chlorhexidine, Hyaluronic acid

[1] Tanwar J, Hungund SA, Dodani K. Nonsurgical Periodontal Therapy: A Review. Medknow Publications; 2016 Jan 1;8(1).
[2] Meena BP, V A, M S, B A, Suganthi D S, SK V. Efficacy Of Chlorhexidine And Green Tea Mouthwashes In The Management Of Dental Plaque-Induced Gingivitis: A Comparative Clinical Study. Contemp Clin Dent; 2015 Oct 1;6(4).
[3] Lim KS, Kam P. Chlorhexidine - Pharmacology And Clinical Applications. Anaesth Intensive Care; 2008 Jul 1;36(4).
[4] Mathur S, Mathur T, Shrivastava R, Khatri R. Chlorhexidine:The Gold Standard In Chemical Plaque Control. Medscience (India) Publishers; 2011 Jan 1;1(2).
[5] Brookes ZLS, Bescos R, Belfield LA, Ali K, Roberts A. Current Uses Of Chlorhexidine For Management Of Oral Disease: A Narrative Review. Elsevier; 2020 Oct 17;103

Abstract: Free fibular graft is an established method for large humeral defects resulting from trauma, infection, and tumor resection. In this article we would like to present a case of free fibula graft used to cover a proximal humerus defect following excision of osteofibrous dysplasia......

[1] Mirra JM, Picci P, Gold RH. Bone Tumors: Clinical, Radiologic, And Pathologic Correlations. Philadelphia: Lea & Febiger; 1989. Osteofibrous Dysplasia (Juvenile Adamantinoma) Pp. 1217–1231.
[2] Ueda Y, Blasius S, Edel G, Wuisman P, Bocker W, Roessner A. Osteofibrous Dysplasia Of Long Bones-A Reactive Process To Adamantinomatous Tissue. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol. 1992;118:152–156. Doi: 10.1007/BF01187505.
[3] Hazelbag HM, Taminiau AH, Fleuren GJ, Hogendoorn PC. Adamantinoma Of The Long Bones. A Clinicopathological Study Of Thirty-Two Patients With Emphasis On Histological Subtype, Precursor Lesion, And Biological Behavior. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1994;76:1482–1499. Doi: 10.2106/00004623-199410000-00008
[4] Liu YB, Zou TM. Giant Monostotic Osteofibrous Dysplasia Of The Ilium: A Case Report And Review Of Literature. World J Clin Cases. 2018 Nov 26;6(14):830-835
[5] Campanacci M, Laus M Osteofibrous Dysplasia Of The Tibia & Fibula J Bone Joint Surg Am, 1981 Mar 01;63(3):367-375

Abstract: The Present case report highlights a rare but recognised complication of hydrophilic IOLS implantation- calcium deposits. Clinical observations of calcification of hydrogel IOLs were first reported in 1987. Multiple factors are involved in the pathogenesis like IOL material, host environment, packaging, surgical instruments such as forceps related impressions. After uneventful cataract surgery, a patient came to routine postoperative checkup at 1 month with no ophthalmological complaints. On slit lamp examination LE showed diffuse white powdery deposits over IOL. IOL explantation is the treatment of choice in visually significant IOL deposits. Since the vision is good, no surgical intervention was......

Keywords: IOL, deposits, calcification, hydrophilic

[1] Apple Dj, Peng Q, Arthur Sn, Werner L, Merritt Jh, Vargas Lg, Hoddinott Ds, Escobar-Gomez M, Schmidbauer Jm. Snowflake Degeneration Of Polymethyl Methacrylate Posterior Chamber Intraocular Lens Optic Material: A Newly Described Clinical Condition Caused By Unexpected Late Opacification Of Polymethyl Methacrylate. Ophthalmology. 2002 Sep;109(9):1666-75.
Doi: 10.1016/S0161-6420(02)01122-3. Pmid: 12208715.
[2] Werner L. Glistenings And Surface Light Scattering In Intraocular Lenses. J Cataract Refract Surg. 2010 Aug;36(8):1398-420.
Doi: 10.1016/J.Jcrs.2010.06.003. Pmid: 20656166.
[3] Neuhann Im, Kleinmann G, Apple Dj. A New Classification Of Calcification Of Intraocular Lenses. Ophthalmology. 2008 Jan;115(1):73-9. Doi: 10.1016/J.Ophtha.2007.02.016. Epub 2007 May 11. Pmid: 17498804.
[4] Buchen Sy, Cunanan Cm, Gwon A, Weinschenk Ji 3rd, Gruber L, Knight Pm. Assessing Intraocular Lens Calcification In An Animal Model. J Cataract Refract Surg. 2001;27(9):1473-1484. Doi:10.1016/S0886-3350(01)00842-2..

Abstract: Periodontitis is an inflammatory disease of the periodontium which is characterized by a progressive destruction of the tissues supporting the tooth. Subgingival dental biofilm elicits a host inflammatory and immune response, ultimately leading to irreversible destruction of the periodontium (i.e. alveolar bone and periodontal ligament) in a susceptible host. The ultimate goal of periodontal therapy is the regeneration of the tissues destroyed as a result of periodontal disease. Periodontal regeneration is the restoration of lost or diminished periodontal tissues including cementum, periodontal ligament, and alveolar bone. Some of the techniques for regeneration involves Free gingival graft......

Key Word: Exosomes, Periodontitis, Periodontal regeneration, Extracellular vesicles(EV's), Multivesicular bodies, Stem cells..

[1] Listgarten Ma. Pathogenesis Of Periodontitis. J.Clin.Periodontol. 1986 May;13(5):418-25.
[2] Kwon T, Lamster Ib, Levin L. Current Concepts In The Management Of Periodontitis. Int.Dent.J. 2021 Dec 1;71(6):462-76.
[3] Wang T, Zhou Y, Zhang W, Xue Y, Xiao Z, Zhou Y, Et Al. Exosomes And Exosome Composite Scaffolds In Periodontal Tissue Engineering. Front.Bioeng.Biotechnol. 2024 Jan 18;11:1287714.
[4] Ivanovski S. Periodontal Regeneration. Aust.Dent.J. 2009 Sep;54:S118-28.
[5] Miron Rj, Zhang Y. Understanding Exosomes: Part 1—Characterization, Quantification And Isolation Techniques. Periodontol 2000. 2024 Feb;94(1):231-56.

Abstract: Introduction: chronic hemodialysis is a current treatment in patients with advanced renal failure, the presence of sleep disorders is characteristic due to the comorbidities they present and the water overload altering their quality of life. Sleep disorders in patients with hemodialysis are a risk factor for morbidity and mortality and they should receive timely treatment that will determine the evolution of the disease. Objective: descriptive, cross-sectional study to determine the prevalence and describe the clinical characteristics of sleep disorders in.......

Keywords: Sleep, hemodialysis, prevalence, apnea

[1] Haponik EF, Mccall WV. Sleep Problems. In Hazzard WR, Blass JP, Ettinger WH, Halter JB,Eds. New York: Ouslander; 1999. P. 1413-28.
[2] Lyons OD, Inami T, Perger E, Et Al. The Effect Of Fluid Overload On Sleep Apnoea Severity In Haemodialysis Patients. Eur Respir J 2017; 49: 1601789.
[3] Diagnostic Classification Committee, Thorpy MJ (Chairman). International Classification Of Sleep Disorders: Diagnostic And Coding Manual. Rochester, MN, 1990
[4] Adams RJ, Appleton SL, Vakulin A, Et Al. Chronic Kidney Disease And Sleep Apnea Association Of Kidney Disease With Obstructive Sleep Apnea In A Population Study Of Men. Sleep 2017;40.
[5] Walker S, Fine A, Kryger MH. Sleep Complaints Are Common In A Dialysis Unit. Am J Kidney Dis 1995; 26: 751-6.

Abstract: Rhinosporidiosis is a Chronic infection of the mucous membrane, caused by Rhinosporidium seeberi. Transmission of infection is through transepithelial penetration & Occular penetration, mostly affecting young people, predominantly males with the history of bath in ponds, rivers or stagnant waters. The nose & nasopharynx are the most common site of infection. Isolated lacrimal sac Rhinosporidiosis without nasal mass is a rare entity. Although nasal obstruction & Epistaxis are a common presentation, patient with epiphora without any nasal mass is difficult to diagnosis......

[1] Pradhan P, Samal S. Rhinosporidiosis Of The Lacrimal Sac Masquerading As Chronic Dacryocystitis: A Rare Presentation. Autops Case Rep. 2021;11:E2020214. Doi:10.4322/Acr.2020.214
[2] Behera S, Chowdhury Rk, Dora J. Rhinosporidiosis Of The Lacrimal Sac In A Tertiary Care Hospital Of India - A Retrospective Case Study. Indian J Ophthalmol. 2022;70(5):1732-1735. Doi:10.4103/Ijo.Ijo_2890_21
[3] 1Mishra Lk, Gupta S, Pradhan Sk, Baisakh Mr. Lacrimal Sac Rhinosporidiosis. Plastic And Aesthetic Research. 2015; 2: 353-6. Http://Dx.Doi.Org/10.4103/2347-9264.169501
[4] Gupta N, Singla P, Pradhan B, Gurung U. Lacrimal Sac Rhinosporidiosis: Case Report And Review Of Literature With A New Grading System To Optimize Treatment. Saudi J Ophthalmol. 2019 Jul-Sep;33(3):283-290. Doi: 10.1016/J.Sjopt.2019.05.002. Epub 2019 May 28. Pmid: 31686971; Pmcid: Pmc6819728..

Abstract: Background: Conventional itraconazole (C-ITZ) has inconsistent absorption. SUBA-itraconazole (S-ITZ) demonstrates greater bioavailability than C-ITZ at steady state when taken with food, but no data are available comparing their performance in a fasted state. Objective: The aim of the study was to compare Single-Dose SUBAItraconazole's Bioavailability in Comparison to Conventional Itraconazole in Fed and Fasted Conditions. Methodology: This study was a comparative study which was conducted at Ashiyan Medical College Hospital during Jan'2023 to Jan'24. Sample size was 120. The study was for evaluating the relative bioavailability of a single oral dose of SUBA-itraconazole (S-ITZ) compared to Conventional itraconazole (C-ITZ) capsules when administered under fasted and fed conditions. Ethical clearance was given from the IRB board of the institution. Data were analyzed by SPSS 26.0.....

Keywords: SUBA-Itraconazole, Conventional Itraconazole, Bioavailability, Fed and Fasted Condition

[1]. Chapman SW, Dismukes WE, Proia LA, Bradsher RW, Pappas PG, Threlkeld MG, Kauffman CA, Infectious Diseases Society of
America. 2008. Clinical practice guidelines for the management of blastomycosis: 2008 update by the Infectious Diseases Society
of America. Clin Infect Dis 46:1801–1812.
[2]. Wheat LJ, Freifeld AG, Kleiman MB, Baddley JW, McKinsey DS, Loyd JE, Kauffman CA, Infectious Diseases Society of
America. 2007. Clinical practice guidelines for the management of patients with histoplasmosis: 2007 update by the Infectious
Diseases Society of America. Clin Infect Dis 45:807–825.
[3]. Galgiani JN, Ampel NM, Blair JE, Catanzaro A, Geertsma F, Hoover SE, Johnson RH, Kusne S, Lisse J, MacDonald JD, Meyerson
SL, Raksin PB, Siever J, Stevens DA, Sunenshine R, Theodore N. 2016. Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA) clinical
practice guideline for the treatment of coccidioidomycosis. Clin Infect Dis 63:e112-146–e146.
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Abstract: Background: Burst abdomen represents one of the most frustrating and difficult postoperative complication that concerns every abdominal surgeon. It occurs because of various predisposing factors which can be prevented to some extend by having knowledge regarding them. Despite many years of experience, the optimal technique of emergency laparotomy closure remains more or less controversial. The varieties of surgical excess as well as the varieties of abdominal closure techniques are the main difficulties in the proper standardization of this procedure. Aims and Objectives: The.....

Keywords: Interrupted suturing: Continuous suturing; Rectus sheath closure; Emergency laparotomy; Wound dehiscence; Burst abdomen;

[1]. Murtaza B, Saeed S and Sharif MA. Post-operative complications in emergency surgery versus eiective laparotomy at a peripheral hospital. J Ayub Med Coll Abbottabad. 2010;22(3):42-47.
[2]. Bellon JM, Lopez PP, Allue RS, Sotomayor S, Kohier BP, Pena E, et al. New suture materials for midline laparotomy closure: An experimental study. BMC Surg 2014;14;70.
[3]. Riou JP, Cohen JR and Johnson H. Factors influencing wound dehiscence. Am J Surg. 1992;163(3):324-330.
[4]. Ceydeli A, Rucinski J and Wise L. Finding the best abdominal closure: An evidence-based review of literature. Curr Surg. 2005;62(2):220-225.
[5]. Shula SH, Kumar S, et al. Burst abdomen and suture material: a comparison of abdominal wound closure with monofilament nylon and chromic catgut.Indian J Surg 1981:43:487-91..

Abstract: Background: Refractive error is one of the most common causes of visual impairment around and it is quite common among school-going children. Children of age 05 years-15 years are large number portions of the country but few studies on such ground had been carried out previously. Objectives: The aim of the study was to evaluate the prevalence of refractive error among school going children in district level in Bangladesh. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in schools & Madrasha within the Sadar Upozila, Faridpur district. The study involved 3057 school children aged 5–15 years, randomly selected from 12 institutions during February 2020 to December 2020. A total of 196 patients were referred to the hospital among them 150 participated in the study.46 (23.5%) students.....

Keywords: Refractive error, Visual impairment, Eyewear.

[1]. Islam MT, Mahmud A. A Case Study of Refractive Error on School-Going Children in the Selected Rural Area of Bangladesh. International Journal of Collaborative Research on Internal Medicine & Public Health. 2023;15(1):1-4.
[2]. Zenith PS, Kadir SM, Islam S, Bhuiyan MR, Faridi J, Ferdausi N. Pattern of Eye Health Care Services in a Tertiary Specialized Eye Hospital in Bangladesh. Community Based Medical Journal. 2024 Aug 7;13(2):235-42.
[3]. Kadir SM, Ali M, Islam MS, Parvin R, Quadir AS, Raihani MJ, Islam AR, Ahmmed S. Prevalence of Refractive Errors among Primary School Children in the Southern Region of Bangladesh. Community Based Medical Journal. 2022 Jun 16;11(1):41-5.
[4]. Maniruzzaman QM, Quader MA, Rahman MH, Islam MS, Ahmed TU, Hossain S. The Effect of Sajdah (Downward bend) after Phacoemulsification Surgery-A Comparative Study. Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical College Journal. 2024 Sep 5;3(2):97-100.
[5]. Parvin R, Sultana M, Nahar Z, Mahmud S, Khan MF, Akter J, Mowla MG. Clinical Presentation with Predictors of Severity of Dengue Fever in Children of 2019, Endemic in Bangladesh. Journal of Shaheed Suhrawardy Medical College. 2021;13(1):8-14.