iosr-JDMS   Volume-25 ~ Issue-5 ~ May 2026

Abstract: Tetracyclines are among the earliest broad-spectrum antibiotics introduced into clinical medicine. Over the past two decades, increasing evidence has demonstrated that tetracyclines—particularly doxycycline and minocycline—possess potent non-antimicrobial properties, including anti-inflammatory, anti-matrix metalloproteinase, immunomodulatory, anti-angiogenic, and neuroprotective effects. These pleiotropic actions have facilitated their repurposing ....

Keywords:Tetracyclines, doxycycline, minocycline, ocular surface disease, cornea, retina, neuroprotection

[1]. Chopra I, Roberts M. Tetracycline Antibiotics: Mode Of Action, Applications, Molecular Biology, And Epidemiology Of Bacterial Resistance. Microbiol Mol Biol Rev. 2001;65:232–260.
[2]. Golub LM, Ramamurthy NS, Mcnamara TF, Et Al. Tetracyclines Inhibit Connective Tissue Breakdown. J Periodont Res. 1984;19:651–655.
[3]. Sapadin AN, Fleischmajer R. Tetracyclines: Nonantibiotic Properties And Their Clinical Implications. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2006;54:258–265.
[4]. Griffin MO, Fricovsky E, Ceballos G, Villarreal F. Tetracyclines: A Pleiotropic Family Of Compounds With Promising Therapeutic

Abstract: Purpose To review emerging evidence linking systemic inflammation and gut microbiome dysbiosis with AMD pathogenesis and to explore how these mechanisms may inform novel therapeutic strategies......

Keywords Age-related macular degeneration, Gut microbiome, gut-retina axis, Systemic inflammation, Complement activation, Inflammasome

[1]. Fritsche LG, Igl W, Bailey JNC, Grassmann F, Sengupta S, Bragg-Gresham JL, Et Al. A Large Genome-Wide Association Study Of Age-Related Macular Degeneration Highlights Contributions Of Rare And Common Variants. Nat Genet. 2016;48:134-143.
[2]. Haines JL, Hauser MA, Schmidt S, Scott WK, Olson LM, Gallins P, Et Al. Complement Factor H Variant Increases The Risk Of Age-Related Macular Degeneration. Science. 2005;308:419-421.
[3]. Edwards AO, Ritter R 3rd, Abel KJ, Manning A, Panhuysen C, Farrer LA. Complement Factor H Polymorphism And Age-Related Macular Degeneration. Science. 2005;308:421-424.
[4]. Wong WL, Su X, Li X, Cheung CMG, Klein R, Cheng CY, Et Al. Global Prevalence Of Age-Related Macular Degeneration And Disease Burden Projection For 2020 And 2040. Lancet Glob Health. 2014;2:E106-E116.
[5]. Seddon JM, Reynolds R, Yu Y, Daly MJ, Rosner B. Risk Models For Progression Of Age-Related Macular Degeneration Including Genetic, Ocular, And Environmental Variables. JAMA Ophthalmol. 2013;131:873-881

Abstract: Magnification devices have significantly enhanced visualisation, precision, and overall treatment quality in modern endodontics. By improving both direct and indirect vision, these devices enable clinicians to identify complex root canal anatomy better and perform procedures with greater accuracy. Among the available options, dental loupes are the most commonly used due to their affordability, ease of use, and minimal disruption to clinical workflow. They offer advantages such as improved......

Keywords: Magnification, Endodontics Dental Operating Microscope, Loupes, Visualisation, Minimally Invasive Dentistry.

[1]. Gary B. Carr, R. N. Murgel. The Use Of The Operating Microscope In Endodontics. Dent Clin North Am. 2010;54(2):191–214.
[2]. Arnaldo Castellucci. Magnification In Endodontics: The Use Of The Operating Microscope. Pract Proced Aesthet Dent. 2003;15(5):377–384.
[3]. Apotheker H. A Microscope For Use In Dentistry. J Microsurg. 1981; 3:7.
[4]. Selden HS. The Dental-Operating Microscope And Its Slow Acceptance. J Endod 2002; 28(3): 206–7
[5]. Bud M, Jitaru S, Lucaciu O, Korkut B, Dumitrascu-Timis L, Ionescu C, Cimpean S, Delean A. The Advantages Of The Dental Operative Microscope In Restorative Dentistry. Medicine And Pharmacy Reports. 2021 Jan 29;94(1):22..

Abstract: Background Periarthritis or frozen shoulder, also called adhesive capsulitis, is characterized by stiffness and pain along with gradual loss of active and passive movement in the glenohumeral joint. More than 2- 5% of the population suffers from periarthritis with a higher incidence in the age group of 40-60 years. Some suggest different nonoperative treatments like physical therapy, exercises, articular stretching and pulley therapy and some suggest physical therapy with medication. Intensive physical therapies including passive stretching and manual mobilization have shown average results. Similarly, low oral corticosteroid has potential hyperglycemic effect. But, the....

[1]. Duplay ES: De La Periarthrite Scapulohumerale Et Des Raideurs De I'epaule Qui En Son La Consequence. Arch Cen Med 20: 513-542, 1872.
[2]. Pal B, Anderson J, Dick WC, Griffiths ID. Limitation Of Joint Mobility And Shoulder Capsulitis In Insulin- And Non- Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus. Br J Rheumatol 1986; 25:147-51.
[3]. Tasto JP, Elias DW. Adhesive Capsulitis. Sports Med Arthrosc Rev 2007;15(4): 216-21.
[4]. Dias R, Cutts S, Et Al. Frozen Shoulder. BMJ 2005;331:1453-6.
[5]. Habib GS, Saliba W, Nashashibi M. Local Effects Of Intra-Articular Corticosteroids. Clinrheumatol. 2010;29(4):347-356.

Abstract: Background: Periodontal diseases are among the most prevalent oral conditions globally, with significant bidirectional associations with systemic diseases. Dental undergraduate students, as future oral health professionals, must possess adequate knowledge, positive attitudes, and sound clinical practices (KAP) related to periodontal health. Despite numerous KAP studies conducted globally, data from central India, particularly Bhopal, remain scarce.....

Keywords: Knowledge; Attitude; Practice; KAP; Periodontal health; BDS students; Cross-sectional study; Bhopal; Dental education

[1]. Papapanou PN, Sanz M, Buduneli N, Et Al. Periodontitis: Consensus Report Of Workgroup 2 Of The 2017 World Workshop On The Classification Of Periodontal And Peri-Implant Diseases And Conditions. J Clin Periodontol. 2018;45(Suppl 20):S162–S170.
[2]. Sanz M, Marco Del Castillo A, Jepsen S, Et Al. Periodontitis And Cardiovascular Diseases: Consensus Report. J Clin Periodontol. 2020;47(3):268–288.
[3]. Chapple ILC, Genco R. Diabetes And Periodontal Diseases: Consensus Report Of The Joint EFP/AAP Workshop On Periodontitis And Systemic Diseases. J Clin Periodontol. 2013;40(Suppl 14):S106–S112.
[4]. Ide M, Papapanou PN. Epidemiology Of Association Between Maternal Periodontal Disease And Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes – Systematic Review. J Periodontol. 2013;84(4 Suppl):S181–S194.
[5]. Loe H. Periodontal Disease. The Sixth Complication Of Diabetes Mellitus. Diabetes Care. 1993;16:329–334.

Abstract: Background: Oral hygiene is central to oral health, it controls dental plaque, the primary etiological factor for most oral diseases. Effective oral hygiene prevents disease, maintains healthy oral tissues, ensures success of dental treatments, and contributes to overall well-being Materials and Methods: This experimental...

Keywords: health education, intervention program, oral health, oral hygiene

[1]. Kalevski K, Vojinovic J, Gajic M, Aleksic E, Tambur Z, Milutinovic J, Borotic N, Mladenovic R. The Outcomes Of An Interventional Oral Health Program On Dental Students' Oral Hygiene. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Dec 15;18(24):13242.
[2]. Ahamed S, Moyin S, Punathil S, Patil NA, Kale VT, Pawar G. Evaluation Of The Oral Health Knowledge, Attitude And Behavior Of The Preclinical And Clinical Dental Students. J Int Oral Health. 2015 Jun;7(6):65-70.
[3]. Cortes FJ, Nevot C, Ramon JM, Cuenca E. The Evolution Of Dental Health In Dental Students At The University Of Barcelona. J Dent Educ. 2002 Oct;66(10):1203-8.
[4]. Polychronopoulou A, Kawamura M. Oral Self-Care Behaviours: Comparing Greek Nd Japanese Dental Students. Eur J Dent Educ. 2005 Nov;9(4):164-70.
[5]. TY - JOUR TI - The Research Of Health Education Programme Efficiency In Changing The Attitudes And Behaviours Of Dental Students In The Field Of Oral Health AU - Kalevski Katarina AU- Gajić Milica AU - Jevremović Ana AU - Borotić Nenad AU - Trifunović Jovanka AU - Jovičić Olivera AU - Milić Jasmina AU - Vojinović Jovan JN - Vojnosanitetski Pregled PY - 2021 VL - 78 IS - 9 SP - 935 EP - 943 PT- Article AB- Introduction/Aim.

Abstract: Deep margin elevation (DME) has emerged as a conservative restorative strategy for teeth presenting with deep proximal margins that extend below the gingival margin. By relocating the restorative interface coronally, the technique facilitates isolation, enhances visualization, and improves adhesive control in areas that are otherwise clinically challenging. This narrative....

Keywords: deep margin elevation; proximal box relocation; subgingival margins; adhesive restorative techniques; adhesive dentistry; adhesive systems; dental adhesives; resin-based adhesives; bonding agents; adhesive protocols

[1]. Sadeghnezhad, P.; Sarraf Shirazi, A.; Borouziniat, A.; Majidinia, S.; Soltaninezhad, P.; Nejat, A.H. Enhancing Subgingival Margin Restoration: A Comprehensive Review And Meta-Analysis Of Deep Margin Elevation’s Impact On Microleakage. Evid. Based Dent. 2024, 25, 212. [Crossref]
[2]. Aldakheel, M.; Aldosary, K.; Alnafissah, S.; Alaamer, R.; Alqahtani, A.; Almuhtab, N. Deep Margin Elevation: Current Concepts And Clinical Considerations—A Review. Medicina 2022, 58, 1482. [Crossref]
[3]. Palma, P.J.; Neto, M.A.; Messias, A.; Amaro, A.M. Microtensile Bond Strength Of Composite Restorations: Direct Vs. Semi-Direct Technique Using The Same Adhesive System. J. Compos. Sci. 2025, 9, 203. [Crossref]
[4]. Alam, M.N.; Ibraheem, W.; Ramalingam, K.; Sethuraman, S.; Basheer, S.N.; Peeran, S.W. Identification, Evaluation, And Correction Of Supracrestal Tissue Attachment (Previously Biologic Width) Violation: A Case Presentation With Literature Review. Cureus 2024, 16, E58128. [Crossref]
[5]. Felemban, M.F.; Khattak, O.; Alsharari, T.; Alzahrani, A.H.; Ganji, K.K.; Iqbal, A. Relationship Between Deep Marginal Elevation And Periodontal Parameters: A Systematic Review. Medicina 2023, 59, 1948. [Crossref]

Abstract: Introduction: The rapid evolution of generative artificial intelligence (GenAI) is reshaping the methodological landscape of medical research. Tools such as ChatGPT, Claude, and Gemini are being integrated into all stages of the research lifecycle, from hypothesis generation to peer review. However, the quality and reliability of these powerful tools are highly dependent on user interaction. Methods......

[1]. Pu Z, Shi CL, Jeon CO, Et Al. Chatgpt And Generative AI Are Revolutionizing The Scientific Community: A Janus-Faced Conundrum. Imeta. 2024;3(2):E178.
[2]. Kawakita T, Wong MS, Gibson KS, Et Al. Application Of Generative AI To Enhance Obstetrics And Gynecology Research. Am J Perinatol. 2025;42(16):2094-2103[3]. Brown JD, Lenchik L, Doja F, Et Al. Leveraging Large Language Models In Radiology Research: A Comprehensive User Guide. Acad Radiol. 2025;32(5):3082-3091.
[4]. Reyes C, Nguyen E, Alexander LF, Et Al. Beyond Human Limits: The Promise And Pitfalls Of Large Language Models In Radiology Research. J Comput Assist Tomogr. 2025;49(4):545-553.
[5]. Gong EJ, Bang CS, Shin YS. Applications Of Large Language Models In Medical Research: From Systematic Reviews To Clinical Studies. Bioengineering (Basel). 2026;13(3):365

Abstract: Background: Provisional restorative materials must possess adequate mechanical properties to withstand functional stresses during temporization. With the advent of CAD/CAM technology, pre-polymerized PMMA materials have been introduced, offering improved strength and reliability compared with conventional resins. However, limited evidence exists regarding differences in flexural strength among commercially available CAD/CAM-milled PMMA materials....

Keywords: Polymethyl methacrylate; CAD/CAM; Flexural strength; Provisional restorations; Long- term temporization

[1]. Burns DR, Beck DA, Nelson SK. A Review Of Selected Dental Literature On Contemporary Provisional Fixed Prosthodontic Treatment. J Prosthet Dent. 2003;90(5):474-497. Doi:10.1016/S0022-3913(03)00259-2. [Pubmed]
[2]. Shillingburg HT Jr, Hobo S, Whitsett LD, Jacobi R, Brackett SE. Fundamentals Of Fixed Prosthodontics. 4th Ed. Chicago: Quintessence Publishing Co; 2012.
[3]. Rosenstiel SF, Land MF, Fujimoto J. Contemporary Fixed Prosthodontics. 5th Ed. St Louis: Elsevier; 2016.
[4]. Christensen GJ. Provisional Restorations For Fixed Prosthodontics. J Am Dent Assoc. 1996;127(2):249-252. [Pubmed]
[5]. Gratton DG, Aquilino SA. Interim Restorations. Dent Clin North Am. 2004;48(2):487-497. Doi: 10.1016/J.Cden.2003.12.007. [Pubmed

Abstract: Background: Herpes simplex virus (HSV) is a common viral infection worldwide, with two types: HSV-1, usually causing orolabial infections, and HSV-2, mainly associated with genital herpes. Herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection during pregnancy poses a significant risk for maternal morbidity and neonatal herpes. HSV-1 and HSV-2 infections are often asymptomatic, making serological screening essential for early detection and management of herpes simplex infection among antenatal women.
Materials....

Keywords: HSV 1, HSV 2, antenatal women, seroprevalance, ELISA

[1]. Begum S, Jais M, Thakar P. Prevalence Of Herpes Simplex Virus In Pregnant Women From Gangetic Plain Region Of Allahabad, India. Health. 2015;7(06):732-7.
[2]. Kaur R, Gupta S, Dhillon SK, Singh A, Kaur P. Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2: Seroprevalence In Antenatal Women. Indian J Sex Transm Dis AIDS. 2011;32(1):50-1.
[3]. Biswas TG, Malakar AK, Datta S, Chakraborti S. Seroprevalence And Risk Factors Of Herpes Simplex Virus Type-2 Infection Among Pregnant Women In Northeast India. BMC Infect Dis. 2011;11:325.
[4]. Sudenga AJ, Rositch AF, Otieno RA, Smith JS. The Epidemiology Of Herpes Simplex Virus Type-2 Infection Among Pregnant Women In Rural Mysore Taluk, India. J Sex Transm Dis. 2013;2013:443742.
[5]. Dhall K, Jain S, Kaur S, Gupta V. Seroprevalence Of Herpes Simplex Virus 1 & 2 In High Risk Behavior Individuals In A Tertiary Care Centre. JK-Practitioner. 2019;24(3-4):23-6.