IOSR-JHSS   Volume-20 ~ Issue-10 ~ Oct-2015

Abstract: Research Question / Issue: The review focuses on the effects of educated youth unemployment on the African continent with specific reference to the Zimbabwean situation. The review was an attempt to answer the pertinent the question; What are the effects of educated youth unemployment in Zimbabwe: to the affected youths, their families, society, the economy of Zimbabwe, and the African continent as a whole? For manageability, the loaded question was split into sections.

[1]. Aitsabokhai, L.Y.O and Ehighebol, I. A. (2014) Re-structuring of the Educational System: A Panacea for Youth Unemployment in Africa Journal of Education and Practice. www.iiste.org. ISSN 2222-1735 (Paper) ISSN 2222-288X (Online) Vol.5, No.6, 2014
[2]. Aghatise, E. (2002) "Trafficking for Prostitution in Italy: Concept Paper". A Paper prepared for the Expert Group Meeting on Trafficking in Women and Girls". 18-November, 2002. New York.
[3]. Ake, C. (2008) Notes for a Political Economy of Unemployment in Africa. 2nd Ed. Oxford. Blackwell Publishing.
[4]. Awogbenle, A.C. & Iwuamadi, K.C. (2010). Youth Unemployment: Entrepreneurship Development Programme as an Intervention Mechanism. African Journal of Business Management, 4(6), 831-835.
[5]. Bentolila, S. and Ichino, A. (2000) "Unemployment and Consumption: Are job losses less Painful near the Mediterranean?‟ Florence: EUI. Mimeographed.
[6]. Blyton, P. and Jenkins, J. (2010). Key Concepts in Work. Sage Publications. New Delhi.

Abstract: Reading habit is the most effective way of developing reading skill among youth and it can improve their academic performances and become better people in the society. The study title "An assessment of reading habit among secondary schools in Kaduna metropolis" this study was conducted among ten secondary schools using simple random sampling as the sampling technique. The data was analyzed using tables and simple statistics. The findings revealed that most students are female (56%). Most students always reads textbooks, they spend 1 – 2 hoursreading. They further claimed that watching television, chatting through social networks had negative influence on their academic performance.

[1]. Kolawole, C.O.O. (2005). The state of reading in some selected secondary schools in South Nigeria: A preliminary report. Issues in Language, Communication and Education: A Book of Readings in Honour of Caroline A. Okedara. Ibadan: Constellations Books.
[2]. Nkiko, C. & Yusuf, F.O. (2006). Bibliotherapy and aging among Covenant University Staff, Ife, Psycho logia 14 (1) 133-147.
[3]. Nssien, F.U. (2007). Reading Habits and Skills. In Etim, F.E. , & Nssien, F.U. (Eds.) Information Literacy for library search. Uyo; Abaam Publishing 90-105.
[4]. Sangkaeo, S. (1999). Reading habit promotion in Asian libraries. 65th IFLA Council and General Conference, Bangkok, Thailand, Aug.20-28th .
[5]. Tella, A., & Akande, S. (2007). Children's reading habits and availability of books in Botswana primary schools: Implications for achieving quality education. The Reading Matrix 7 (2).
[6]. Trelease, J. (2006). How non-reading students are related to their non-reading parents and teachers. Available: http://www.trelease-on-reading.com

Abstract: Throughout the course of history, gender and law have been envisioned as two diametrically opposed concepts. The former has been associated with the stereotypical domestic or private sphere and the latter has been known to dominate the actions of people with respect to the State1. This distinction thereby eliminates women from the public sphere and consequently law, altogether

1Bartlett, Katharine T., and Deborah L. Rhode. Gender and law: Theory, doctrine, commentary. Aspen Publishers, 2006.

2 Abraham Flexner, "Is Social Work a Profession?" in Proceedings of the National Conference of Charities and Correction, 1915 (Chicago: Hildmann Printing Co., 1915), pp. 576-90.

3 See, e.g., Wilbert E. Moore, The Professions: Rules and Roles (New York: Russell Sage Foundation, 1970); E. Turner and N. M. Hodge, "Occupations and Professions," in ProfessionsandProfessionalization,e d. J. A. Jackson (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1970), pp. 19-50; Howard M. Vollmer and Donald Mills, Professionalization (Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice-Hall, Inc., 1966). 4Popple, Philip R. "The social work profession: A reconceptualization." The Social Service Review (1985):

560-577. 5 Greenwood, Ernest. "Attributes of a profession." Social work 2.3 (1957): 45-55.

6Id.

Abstract: The University is the most crucial environment designed for the imparting of various experiences, preserving the religion and the culture of the community. But since the collapse of the Ottoman Empire in the Islamic history and the Muslim dilemma of colonial rule, the universities in the Muslim societies are being faced with the ill of unclear educational policies that are collapsing the system of Muslim education and Islamic values in the Muslim‟s society. Malaysia and Nigeria are among Muslims majority countries that have ruled by the British during the colonial era. Therefore, the present study is aimed to determine the present state of Islamic educational philosophy, its implementation and the Islamic relevance of curriculum of Islamic universities from the case of Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin and Al-Qalam University Katsina.

[1]. Abdul hamid, F. A. (2010). Islamic education in Malaysia S. rajaratan School of International Studies, Nan yang technological University.
[2]. Al-Attas, M. N. (1979). Aims and objectives of Islamic Education. Jeddah: King AbdulAziz University.
[3]. Amin, M.R. Y. & Haneef, A. M. (2012). The Effectiveness of an Integrated Curriculum: the case of International Islamic University Malaysia. Proceedings of the 8th international conference on Islamic economics and finance, Centre for Islamic eEconomics and Finance Qatar Foundation.
[4]. Bilgrami, H. H. & Ashraf, A. (1985). The concept of an Islamic University. London: The Islamic Academy Cambridge.
[5]. Colin, P. (2014). The Mission and Responsibility of Higher Education. International Convention on Wisdom, Universiti Islam Malaysia, Vol 1, pp19-21.
[6]. Daud, W. M. (1998). The educational philosophy and Practice of Syed Muhammad Naquib Al-Attas: An exposition of the original concept of islamization. Kuala Lumpur. International Institute of Islamic Thought and Civilization (ISTAC).

Abstract: Most people have an ambivalent relationship with their emotions, since they can't imagine life without the pleasant ones yet fantasize about how wonderful life would be without the unpleasant ones. The fact that Alcohol dependents highly face unpleasant emotions most often the time. This study highly focuses on the unpleasant emotions faced by alcohol dependents at Integrated Rehabilitation centre for addicts, Kajamalai, Tiruchirappalli. This study was designed to examine how individual differences in facing unpleasant emotions and is associated with responses to alcohol cues.

[1]. Sherry H. Stewart PhD, Patricia J. Conrod PhD, Sarah Barton Samoluk PhD, Robert O. Pihl PhD & Maurice Dongier MD (2000). Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Symptoms and Situation-Specific Drinking in Women Substance Abusers Alcoholism Treatment Quarterly Volume 18, Issue 3.

[2]. Buchmann AF, Schmid B, Blomeyer D, Zimmermann US, Jennen-Steinmetz C, Schmidt MH, Esser G, Banaschewski T, Mann K, Laucht M. Drinking against unpleasant emotions: possible outcome of early onset of alcohol use (2010). Alcohol Clin Exp Res. Jun;34(6):1052-7. doi: 10.1111/j.1530-0277.2010.01180.x.

[3]. Blomeyer D, Buchmann AF, Schmid B, Jennen-Steinmetz C, Schmidt MH, Banaschewski T, Laucht M (2011). Age at first drink moderates the impact of current stressful life events on drinking behavior in young adults. Alcohol Clin Exp Res Jun;35(6):1142-8. doi: 10.1111/j.1530-0277.2011.01447.x.

Abstract: There has been a spurt in violence against women of which physical violence tops the chart. This research and consequent product development (self-defense garment) was an endeavor to develop an effective self-defense garment which would provide protection to women in case of any assault or unsolicited contact. This garment uses electric shock as a deterring agent, which immobilizes the assailer for a few moments and thus giving the victim time to escape and/or make a rescue call. Additionally it also has feature to send message for help and rescue. Keywords: Product development; self-defense; smart garment; electrical shock, e-textile.

[1]. World Bank. (2012). "World Development Report 2012: Gender Equality and Development." http://www.worldbank.org/en/news/feature/2012/11/25/raising-awareness-of-violence-against-women-in-the-pacific
[2]. National Crime Records Bureau (NCRB). (2012). "Crime against women". Crime in India 2012 Statistics: Chapter 5, | http://ncrb.gov.in/CD-CII2012/Statistics2012.pdf
[3]. MIT Program in Media Arts and Sciences. (n.d.). "No-Contact Jacket." Research and Projects, http://web.media.mit.edu/~awhiton/nocontact.htm
[4]. http://www.nytimes.com/2007/10/20/world/asia/20japan.html?_r=1&

Abstract: Hoysaḷa Empire was prominent in South India. Their economical and political stability made them expand the territory. The prosperous and peaceful kingdom is the main reason of development and increase in religious activity and in turn the construction of the temples. The Kings were so generous that they patronized artists and encouraged temple architecture. The vivid imagination and conceptualization ability of the artists gave rise to the beautiful and enduring temples.

[1]. Dhaky M. A, Indian Temple Architecture – Upper Dravida Desha Later Phase. Vol I & Vol II.
[2]. Foekema Gerard, 2003 Hoysaḷa Architecture, Medieval temples of Southern Karnataka built during Hoysaḷa rule. Vol I. New Delhi: Books & Books Publications.
[3]. Kelleson Collyer, 1990 The Hoysaḷa Artists: Their Identity & Styles. Mysore: Directorate of Archeology & Museums.
[4]. Kashyap Tara, 2001 Flowers an Indian Perspective. Bangalore: Brindavan Printers & Publishers Pvt. Ltd.
[5]. Nandagopal Choodamani, 2007 Shile-Kale. Bangalore: Altra Publication.
[6]. Pandey. B. P, 2000 Economic Botany. New Delhi: S. Chand and Company Ltd

Abstract: The abolition of sati in 1829 owes much to the efforts of the Christian missionaries. They worked against the British government, which was hesitant to take any action against this custom. They sent investigators collected data , compiled statistics of the victims, and they preached and published books and pamphlets against the rite, and thus helped to create in Britain an anti sati public opinion. These works forced British parliament to prohibit this practice. This article is an attempt to analyze the e role of missionaries in abolition of sati.

[1]. Marshman Jhon Clark, The story of Carey, Marshman and ward; The serampur missionaries; London 1864 pg. 353-354
[2]. Chandrababu B.S., Thilagavathi; Women her history and her struggle for emancipation, page 325 Bharti Pustakalaya Chennai-2009
[3]. Sharma Arvind; Sati Historical and phenomenological essays p.62 New Delhi 1988
[4]. Missionary Register-Volume 19 page no. 226; London 1831
[5]. Edward Irving Carlyle Dictionary of National Biography, 1885-1900, Volume 59
[6]. ward William ,'Letter iv, to Mrs.Hope of Liverpool from the Hercules at sea 31st march1821,in farewell letters to a few friends of Britain and America on returning to Bengal in 1821 ,published in London 1821

Abstract: Nana Asma'u Bint Fodio was born in Degel in 1794. She was born during the time of the Jihad reform period. Her parents came from a scholarly community which migrated to Hausa land from Futa-Toro, before the 15th century. This paper discuses the historical background of Nana Asma'u Bnt Usman Fadio and her traditional intellectual movement, is an exploration of the style and content of the poetry of Nana Asma'u bint Fodio. In other words, the study examines critical opinion in the poetry of Nana Asma'u and concluded that poetry is a vehicle for political, social and cultural emancipation.

[1]. Al-Mamoud, I. S. (2001):Winning the Heart of Your Husband: Deluxe Printers, London.
[2]. Boyd, J. (1989):The Caliph‟s Sister, Nana Asma‟u 1793-1865 Teacher, Poet and Islamic Leader: Frank Cass, Britain.
[3]. Bullock, K (2002):"Toward the Full Inclusion of Muslim Women in the Umma: An Activist‟s Perspective" American Journal of Islamic Social Sciences, Volume 19 Number 4.
[4]. Boyd J and Mack, B.B. (1997): Collected Works of Nana Asma‟u, Daughter of Usman "dan-Fodio (1793-1864) Michigan State University Press, U.S.A.
[5]. Nana Asma‟u: princess, poet, reformer of Muslim women‟s education: available at http://www.amazingwomeninhistory.com/nana-asmau-princess-poet-reformer-muslim-womens-education

Abstract: The present paper seeks to examine the determinants of demand for consultancy of health personnel and clinical services for health care of General Caste households of the north twenty four district of West Bengal, India. To do this per capita health related expenditure on consultancy and clinical services has been taken as a proxy of ex-post demand for consultancy and clinical services. Total 178 General Caste households are taken as a sample size of Rampur Village of Sandeshkhali II development block of north 24 parganas district of West Bengal.

[1]. Baraik, V. and Kulkarni (2006), "Health Status and Access to Health Care Services – Disparities among social groups in India", Indian Institute of Dalit Studies.
[2]. WHO (2000), "World health report 2000": Health system improving performance", Geneva.
[3]. WHO (2005), "Maternal Mortality in 2005: estimates develop by WHO", UNICEP,UNFEPAandtheWorld,Bank,http:whqlibdoc.who.int/publication/20007/9789241596213 eng.pdf,accessed on 16 Dec 2008
[4]. World Health Organization (2008), "Commission of Social Determinants of Health final Report" Closing the gap in a generation, health equity the action on the Social determinant of Health"
[5]. Census (2001), "Ministry of Home Affairs", Government of India.

Abstract: Leadership and management scholars have investigated moral reasoning and decision processes both in public and private organization reporting conflicting models. Few studies suggests that moral reasoning is linked to leadership behaviour in a given culture without exploring the cultural specifities and religiosity. This paper examines the effect of religiosity, individualism and collectivism on transformational leadership and on one basic aspect of ethical reasoning and decision making. Major findings indicate that vertical individualism and religiosity significantly moderates the relationship between transformational leadership and post-conventional reasoning (β = .115; t = 1.758, P > .040) and (β = -128; t = 2.013, P >.023).

[1]. Akter, S., D'Ambra, J., & Ray, P. (2011). Trustworthiness in mHealth information services: an assessment of a hierarchical model with mediating and moderating effects using partial least squares (PLS). Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology, 62(1), 100-116.
[2]. Avolio, B. J., Bass, B. M., & Zhu, F. W. W. (2004). Multifactor leadership questionnaire: manual and sampler set. Menlo Park^ eA CA: Mind Garden
[3]. Bandura, A. (1993). Perceived self-efficacy in cognitive development and functioning.Educational psychologist,28(2), 117-148.
[4]. Barnett, T., Bass, K., & Brown, G. (1994). Ethical ideology and ethical judgment regarding ethical issues in business.Journal of Business Ethics, 13(6), 469-480.
[5]. Barnett, K., & McCormick, J. (2003). Vision, relationships and teacher motivation: a case study. Journal of Educational Administration, 41(1), 55-73.

Abstract: This essay examines the possible positive and negative impacts that businesses could have on the environment. It looks at the harmful effects of trade mainly driven by profit motive without concern for the environment and ecological integrity. Using the framework of sustainable development, the paper argues that while international trade stimulated by globalization has increased considerably in the last two decades, such economic growth has, unfortunately, engendered environmental and social problems. While trade expansion creates certain opportunities, what we have witnessed in this period is economic growth without sustainable development. The relationship between the economic, social and environmental spheres of sustainable development where given little or no attention. Trade thus became a driver of resource depletion, creating wasteful consumerism, increasing ecological footprint and contributing to climate change.

[1]. Jonathan M. Harris (2008) "‟Environmental Economics‟‟
[2]. J.Pan, J. Phillips, Y. Chen (2009) "‟China‟s balance of emission embodied in trade‟‟ ch 8. In the economic and Politics and Climate change eds by D. Helm and C.Hepbrum
[3]. Micheal Porter (1995) "‟towards a new conception of the environment competitiveness Relationship‟‟
[4]. Micheal Porter (1995) "‟towards a new conception of the environment competitiveness Relationship‟‟
[5]. Paul Ekins (2003) "‟Trade and Environment‟‟

Abstract: This paper illustrates the phenomenon of identity crisis, alienation and also the effectiveness of the narrative technique ‗dark humour' employed by one of the most promising contemporary writers of Canadian literature, Lynn Coady. Her second fiction 'Saints of Big Harbour',published in 2002, not only depicts the passion of a small-town life, but also portrays the violence, teenage angst and suffocating ennui faced by the teenagers in the contemporary Canadian rural society, through subtle humour. This paper consists of three parts, in which the first part discusses the tension undergone by the characters in their quest for identity.

[1]. Kemp, Arnold. Not Such a Bleak House. August 2002.
[2]. Hepburn, Allan. Ordure and Ornament: Spring 2004.
[3]. Lystad, Mary Haneman. Social Alienation: A review of Current Literature, 1972
[4]. O'Neille, Patrick. The Comedy of Entrophy: The Context of Black Humour. University of British Colombia. 1982.
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[8]. http://www.chapters.indigo.ca/home

Abstract: Arguing inclusive growth anticipation to promote equity among different sections that are claimed to be remained behind the developmental race, to dismantle the gap between rich and poor, between rural and urban that is widening especially after introduction of neo-liberal economic policies (Kanan, 2013) and to involve each and every in the growth process, the strategy for redressing these economic problems holds pivot role in policies framing. Average per capita expenditure in rural areas rose at the exceedingly low rate of about 1 per cent per year between 1993-94 and 2009-10 and even in urban areas; average per capita expenditure grew only 2 per cent per year in this period.

[1]. AcemogluDaron and J. A. Robinson.'Why Nations Fail: The Origins of Power, Prosperity and Poverty', Profile Books, London, U. K., 2012.
[2]. Ambedkar B. R. 'The Untouchables', (This Book was a sequel of his treatise called 'The Shudras- Who they were and How they come to be the Fourth Varna of Indo Aryan Society' which was published in 1946), BheemPatrika Publications, Jalandhar,India,1946.
[3]. BardhanPranab.'The Political Economy of Development in India' Oxford Univ. Press, New Delhi, 1984.
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[5]. Bhagwati and ArvindPangariya.'India's Tryst with Destiny: Debunking Myths and Undermine Progress and Addressing New Challenges', Collins Business, Noida, India, 2012.

Abstract: The present study examines the relationship between intellectual capital and knowledge sharing among librarians in Tehran University of Medical Sciences. This research is a practical, descriptive and correlative study. The study population included all university librarians of this university. Data were collected by means of Bontis intellectual capital questionnaire (2004) and knowledge sharing questionnaire of Bukowitz and Williams (1999). To assess the permanency of internal consistency between the items, Cronbach's alpha was used (above 70%).

1]. Ahmadian, M., and Ghorbani, R. (2013). The relationship between intellectual capital and organizational performance of the Ministry of Economic Affairs and Finance. Economic Journal; 11 & 12: 111-130.
[2]. Alhammad, F; Al Faori, S; Abu Husan, LS (2009).Knowledge Sharing In the Jordanian Universities. Journal of Knowledge Management Practice; 10(3):50-65.
[3]. Baghery, F. (2005). Libraries and survival: Is knowledge management the correct answer? Informology; 3 (1 & 2): 61-78.
[4]. Bontis N(2004).National intellectual capital index, a United Nations initiative for the Arab Region. Journal of Intellectual Capital, 5(1): 13-39.
[5]. Bontis N, Keow W. A., Intellectual capital and business performance in Malaysian industries, Journal of Intellectual capital, 1 (1) 85-100,2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/14691930010324188
[6]. Bontis, N. (1998), "Intellectual Capital: an Exploratory Study that Develops Measures and Models", Management Decision, 36(2): 63-76.

Abstract: Risk management is at the heart of growth and development of the organizations through improving their performances. This is truer in case of banking industry in Bangladesh. The most significant factors influencing the productivity performance of the selected banks demand special attention of the bank authority. The measures of risk management as mention in the study should be of great concern for the bank management since they have positive impact on the bank profitability. Hence, the respective bank authority in particular should give due emphasis on risk management of the banks since they have direct influence on their profitability. The whole paper covered a number of important areas concerning risk management issues.

[1]. Debanth, R. (February 2008). Business of Banking. Dhaka: Nabajuga Prokashani, 2/3, pyari Das Road.
[2]. Kevin, S. (2008). Portfolio Management. New Delhi-110001: Asoke K. Gosh, Prentice Hall of India private limited, M-97, Connaught circus.
[3]. Khan, D. A. (May 2009). Bank Management. Motejhel: Bandhu Printing Press 149,R.K Mission Road.
[4]. TARIQULLAH KHAN,HABIB AHMED. (2001). Risk Management on Development Bank. Development Bank , 47-51.
[5]. Santomero, A. M. (2009). Commercial Bank Risk Management: an analysis of the process. Commercial Bank Risk Management , 27-35.
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Abstract: Continuous and Comprehensive Evaluation (CCE) was introduced in the Indian education system in 2004 as an assessment scheme with an aim to refurbish the existing education system which was exam-oriented, rigid and promoted only lower order learning among students. The application of this scheme was made mandatory in all the State Board Schools of Gujarat from the year 2011. This paper is based on the findings of a survey carried out on thirty per cent of the Secondary and Higher Secondary State Board Schools in the city of Vadodara in January 2014.

[1] Definition of Education. (1999, October). In Studymode.com. Retrieved March 28, 2014, fromhttp://www.studymode.com/essays/Definition-Of-Education-7908.html

[2] Faith, R. (2013). The School‟s role in influencing child development. In Learning and Development, education. Retrieved January 27, 2014, from http://mom.me/parenting/4978-what-schools-role-influencing-child-development/

[3] Ministry of Education, Singapore. (2012, April). Primary Mathematics teaching and learning, Syllabus (1st ed.). Curriculum Planning and Development Division, 2012. Retrieved January 28, 2014, fromhttp://www.moe.edu.sg/education/syllabuses/sciences/files/maths-primary-2013.pdf

[4] King, F. J., Goodson, L., and Rohani, F. (n.d.). Higher Order Thinking Skills. In Assessment and Evaluation Educational Service Program. Center for Advancement of Learning and Assessment. Retrieved April 2, 2014,From http://www.cala.fsu.edu/files/higher_order_thinking_skills.pdf